Tunnel geothermal anti-freezing system based on energy piles

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel terrestrial heat anti-freezing system based on energy piles, which relates to the technical field of tunnel terrestrial heat anti-freezing, and comprises a tunnel, a heat exchanger in the tunnel, a heat pump unit and a plurality of groups of tunnel energy piles, the reinforced concrete pile body of the tunnel energy pile wraps the second heat exchange pipe to play a role in heat absorption and bearing, the second heat exchange pipe is buried in the pile foundation to be connected with the heat pump system, the heat pump system is connected with the heat pump system, and the heat pump system is connected with the heat pump system. The tunnel energy pile exchanges heat with surrounding soil, the heat pump unit circulates heat to achieve the expected tunnel heat preservation effect, the heat exchange pipe in the lining continuously supplies heat to the interior of the tunnel, and the tunnel energy pile foundation serves as a heat exchange well, so that the well digging link of a ground source heat pump system can be reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. And the grouting backfilling procedure of the heat exchange well can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel geothermal antifreeze technology, and in particular to a tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels are an important type of transportation infrastructure, typically used to traverse mountains, water bodies, or other obstacles to provide convenient transportation routes. During tunnel construction and operation, anti-freezing measures are crucial for ensuring tunnel safety and smooth operation. Traditional tunnel anti-freezing methods mainly rely on electrothermal methods and infrared heating methods.

[0003] The electrothermal method uses electrical energy to convert into heat energy to achieve the purpose of frost prevention. Although this method is simple and direct, it consumes a lot of energy and produces a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions, which does not conform to the concept of green and environmentally friendly energy use.

[0004] Infrared heating, on the other hand, uses an infrared generator to radiate heat into the sealed construction lining to achieve a freeze-proof effect. This method has high heating efficiency, but its heating range is limited. Furthermore, it is difficult to implement and relatively expensive for the long-distance, large-space freeze-proofing requirements of tunnels.

[0005] On the other hand, ground source heat pump systems, as a green and efficient energy utilization method, have been widely used in the field of geothermal energy utilization. However, the application of traditional horizontal or vertical ground source heat pump systems in tunnel frost protection is limited. Horizontal ground source heat pump systems require a large amount of horizontal space for installation, which is difficult to implement in the space-constrained environment of tunnels. While vertical ground source heat pump systems can save horizontal space, they require specialized drilling, increasing construction costs and difficulty.

[0006] Given the shortcomings of traditional antifreeze methods and the limitations of ground source heat pump systems in tunnel antifreeze applications, there is an urgent need for a new, efficient, and environmentally friendly tunnel antifreeze system to meet practical needs. Therefore, this invention proposes a tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles. This system combines the advantages of energy piles and geothermal energy, aiming to provide a green, clean, and recyclable antifreeze solution. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention provides a tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles, which solves the aforementioned technical problems.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles, including a tunnel, a heat exchanger inside the tunnel, a heat pump unit, and multiple sets of tunnel energy piles. The multiple sets of tunnel energy piles are connected to the heat exchanger inside the tunnel pile foundation. The heat exchanger inside the tunnel, the heat pump unit, and the heat exchanger inside the tunnel pile foundation are circulated and connected by pipelines.

[0009] The heat exchanger inside the tunnel pile foundation includes a second circulating pump, a second valve, and a second heat exchange pipe installed inside each group of tunnel energy piles. The inlet and outlet ends of multiple heat exchange pipes are connected in parallel through pipes. The parallel outlet pipe is connected to the input end of the second circulating pump, the output end pipe of the second circulating pump is connected to the heat pump unit, the parallel inlet pipe is connected to the output end of the second valve, and the input end pipe of the second valve is connected to the heat pump unit.

[0010] The tunnel consists of surrounding rock and lining, and the heat exchanger section inside the tunnel is installed between the surrounding rock and lining and connected to the heat pump unit pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat exchanger inside the tunnel includes multiple sets of heat exchange pipes, a circulation pump, and a valve. The multiple sets of heat exchange pipes are laid between the surrounding rock and the lining. The inlet and outlet ends of the multiple sets of heat exchange pipes are connected in parallel through pipes. The outlet parallel pipe is connected to the input end of the valve, and the output end of the valve is connected to the water output end of the condenser. The inlet parallel pipe is connected to the output end of the valve, and the input end of the valve is connected to the water output end of the condenser.

[0012] Furthermore, the tunnel energy pile is a reinforced concrete pile, and the second heat exchange pipe is fixed in the steel cage of the tunnel energy pile by binding.

[0013] Furthermore, the steel cage and heat exchange pipe of the tunnel energy pile are buried underground to a specified depth through drilling, and the soil is backfilled to the bottom elevation of the pile, and then concrete is poured to form the pile.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat pump unit includes an evaporator, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, an oil separator, a condenser, an electronic expansion valve, a filter, and a liquid receiver. The evaporator's water output pipe is connected to the valve's second input pipe, the evaporator's water input pipe is connected to the circulating pump's second output pipe, the evaporator's medium output pipe is connected to the gas-liquid separator's input pipe, the gas-liquid separator's output pipe is connected to the compressor's input pipe, the compressor's output pipe is connected to the oil separator's input pipe, the oil separator's output pipe is connected to the condenser's medium input pipe, the condenser's medium output pipe is connected to the liquid receiver's input pipe, the liquid receiver's output pipe is connected to the filter's input pipe, the filter's output pipe is connected to the electronic expansion valve's input pipe, and the electronic expansion valve's output pipe is connected to the evaporator's medium input pipe.

[0015] Compared with related technologies, the tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This utility model provides a method in which the heat exchange pipe II is encased in the reinforced concrete pile body of a tunnel energy pile, serving both heat absorption and load-bearing functions. The heat exchange pipe II is buried in the pile foundation and connected to a heat pump system. The tunnel energy pile exchanges heat with the surrounding soil, and the heat pump unit circulates the heat to achieve the desired effect of heat preservation in the tunnel. The heat exchange pipe inside the lining provides continuous heating for the tunnel interior. Furthermore, using the tunnel energy pile foundation as a heat exchange well reduces both the drilling process for the ground source heat pump system and the grouting and backfilling process for the heat exchange well.

[0017] This invention provides a method that, compared to traditional electric heating and infrared heating methods, connects to tunnel energy piles and uses green, clean, and recyclable geothermal energy as the heat source, which can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and has the capability to preheat and melt snow in real time.

[0018] This utility model provides a solution that, compared with horizontal or vertical ground source heat pump systems, eliminates the need for secondary drilling during the installation of heat exchangers because the construction of tunnel energy piles already requires drilling. This saves drilling costs, and the system also occupies less horizontal space and is not limited by surrounding underground conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles according to this utility model.

[0020] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Heat exchanger inside the tunnel; 11. Heat exchange pipe one; 12. Circulation pump one; 13. Valve one; 2. Heat pump unit; 21. Evaporator; 22. Gas-liquid separator; 23. Compressor; 24. Oil separator; 25. Condenser; 26. Electronic expansion valve; 27. Filter; 28. Liquid receiver; 3. Tunnel energy pile; 4. Heat exchanger inside the tunnel pile foundation; 41. Circulation pump two; 42. Valve two; 43. Heat exchange pipe two; 5. Tunnel; 51. Surrounding rock; 52. Lining. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Implementation examples, by Figure 1 A tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles is provided, comprising a tunnel 5, a heat exchanger 1 inside the tunnel, a heat pump unit 2, and multiple sets of tunnel energy piles 3. The heat exchanger 1 inside the tunnel, the heat pump unit 2, and the heat exchanger 4 inside the tunnel pile foundation are connected by a pipeline.

[0022] In this embodiment, multiple sets of tunnel energy piles 3 are connected to a heat exchanger 4 inside the tunnel pile foundation. The heat exchanger 4 inside the tunnel pile foundation includes a second circulation pump 41, a second valve 42, and a second heat exchange pipe 43 installed inside each set of tunnel energy piles 3. The inlet and outlet ends of multiple heat exchange pipes 43 are connected in parallel through pipes. The parallel outlet pipe is connected to the input end of the second circulation pump 41, the output end pipe of the second circulation pump 41 is connected to the heat pump unit 2, the parallel inlet pipe is connected to the output end of the second valve 42, and the input end pipe of the second valve 42 is connected to the heat pump unit 2.

[0023] Specifically, multiple tunnel energy piles 3 exchange heat with the surrounding soil, thereby raising the temperature of the water in multiple heat exchange pipes 43. The hot water is then transported to the evaporator 21 for heating via the circulation pump 41. The evaporator 21 absorbs the low-temperature heat source of the hot water to heat the internal refrigerant. The cooled water then flows back into the heat exchange pipes 43 of the multiple tunnel energy piles 3 to continue exchanging heat with the surrounding soil, forming a cycle.

[0024] Among them, the tunnel energy pile 3 is a reinforced concrete pile, and the heat exchange pipe 2 43 is fixed in the steel cage of the tunnel energy pile 3 by binding. The steel cage of the tunnel energy pile 3 and the heat exchange pipe 2 43 are buried underground to a specified depth by drilling, and the soil is backfilled to the bottom elevation of the pile, and then concrete is poured to form the pile.

[0025] Specifically, the heat exchange pipe 43 is wrapped by the reinforced concrete pile body of the tunnel energy pile 3, which plays the role of heat absorption and load bearing. Moreover, the pile foundation of the tunnel energy pile 3 is used as a heat exchange well, and the heat exchange pipe 43 is buried in the pile foundation and connected to the heat pump system. The tunnel energy pile 3 exchanges heat with the surrounding soil. This can reduce the well drilling process of the ground source heat pump system and also reduce the grouting and backfilling process of the heat exchange well.

[0026] In this embodiment, the tunnel 5 consists of surrounding rock 51 and lining 52. The heat exchanger 1 inside the tunnel is partially installed between the surrounding rock 51 and the lining 52 and connected to the heat pump unit 2 via a pipeline. The heat exchanger 1 inside the tunnel includes multiple sets of heat exchange pipes 11, a circulating pump 12, and a valve 13. The multiple sets of heat exchange pipes 11 are laid between the surrounding rock 51 and the lining 52. The inlet and outlet ends of the multiple sets of heat exchange pipes 11 are connected in parallel via pipelines. The parallel outlet pipeline is connected to the input end of the valve 13, and the output end of the valve 13 is connected to the water output end pipeline of the condenser 25. The parallel inlet pipeline is connected to the output end of the valve 13, and the input end of the valve 13 is connected to the water output end pipeline of the condenser 25.

[0027] Specifically, the circulating pump 12 draws water from the heat exchange tube 43 and circulates it to the condenser 25. The high-temperature refrigerant enters the condenser 25 and heats the water in the internal heat exchange tube 11. The heated water is then transported to the heat exchange tube 43 in the tunnel 5 to heat the tunnel 5, thereby heating the tunnel 5 to melt snow.

[0028] In this embodiment, the heat pump unit 2 includes an evaporator 21, a gas-liquid separator 22, a compressor 23, an oil separator 24, a condenser 25, an electronic expansion valve 26, a filter 27, and a liquid receiver 28. The water output pipe of the evaporator 21 is connected to the input pipe of the second valve 42, the water input pipe of the evaporator 21 is connected to the output pipe of the second circulating pump 41, the medium output pipe of the evaporator 21 is connected to the input pipe of the gas-liquid separator 22, the output pipe of the gas-liquid separator 22 is connected to the input pipe of the compressor 23, the output pipe of the compressor 23 is connected to the input pipe of the oil separator 24, the output pipe of the oil separator 24 is connected to the medium input pipe of the condenser 25, the medium output pipe of the condenser 25 is connected to the input pipe of the liquid receiver 28, the output pipe of the liquid receiver 28 is connected to the input pipe of the filter 27, the output pipe of the filter 27 is connected to the input pipe of the electronic expansion valve 26, and the output pipe of the electronic expansion valve 26 is connected to the medium input pipe of the evaporator 21.

[0029] Specifically, hot water is pumped to evaporator 21 via circulating pump 41 for heating. Evaporator 21 absorbs the low-grade heat source from the hot water to heat the internal refrigerant. The heated refrigerant flows from evaporator 21 to compressor 23. During this process, it passes through gas-liquid separator 22 to separate liquid droplets from the heated refrigerant. The heated refrigerant then enters compressor 23, where it compresses the refrigerant, increasing its temperature and pressure, thus converting low-grade heat energy into high-grade heat energy. When the high-grade refrigerant is pumped to condenser 25, it passes through oil separator 24 to separate the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture. The lubricating oil is separated from the condenser 25 to prevent it from entering the condenser 25 and releasing heat. The hot refrigerant enters the condenser 25 and is heated by the water in the internal heat exchange tube 11. The cooled refrigerant flows out of the condenser 25 and is stored in the liquid receiver 28. The liquid receiver 28 stores and outputs the refrigerant. The refrigerant passes through the filter 27 to filter impurities. Then, the electronic expansion valve 26 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the refrigeration unit according to a preset program to achieve precise control. Thus, the refrigerant flows back into the evaporator 21 for heat exchange, and the cycle continues.

[0030] Evaporator 21: The liquid working fluid absorbs heat from the air and evaporates to form steam in the evaporator 21. The latent heat of vaporization is the heat recovered.

[0031] Gas-liquid separator 22: Separates liquid droplets from the airflow exiting the evaporator 21 and entering the compressor 23, preventing liquid slugging in the compressor 23 and regulating the flow rate.

[0032] Compressor 23: Compresses the gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure state, allowing the heat of the gas to be released.

[0033] Oil separator 24: Separates lubricating oil from the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture, preventing lubricating oil from entering the condenser 25 and evaporator 21 and affecting heat exchange efficiency, while ensuring the supply of lubricating oil in the compressor 23.

[0034] Condenser 25: Cools high-temperature and high-pressure gas into liquid, releasing heat to the water that needs to be heated.

[0035] Electronic expansion valve 26: Adjusts the refrigerant flow rate into the refrigeration unit according to a preset program to achieve precise control.

[0036] Filter 27: Filters impurities in the refrigerant to ensure the cleanliness and efficient operation of the system.

[0037] Liquid receiver 28: Stores liquid refrigerant, serving to buffer and stabilize system pressure.

[0038] Construction steps and working principle of the geothermal antifreeze system in Tunnel 5:

[0039] The construction steps for the geothermal antifreeze system in Tunnel 5 are as follows:

[0040] Step 1: Fix heat exchange pipe 2 43 to the steel cage of tunnel energy pile 3 by binding. Lower the steel cage and heat exchange pipe 2 43 to the designated depth, backfill the soil to the bottom elevation of the pile, and pour concrete. Install and embed other tunnel energy piles 3 in the same way.

[0041] Step 2: Connect the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange pipe 43 of all buried tunnel energy piles 3 in parallel with the main water inlet and outlet pipes. The main water inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the heat pump unit 2 through pipelines and controlled by the ground source heat pump control equipment.

[0042] Step 3: During the construction of tunnel 5, heat exchange pipe 11 is buried between the surrounding rock 51 and the lining 52. All inlet and outlet of heat exchange pipe 11 are connected in parallel with the main water inlet and outlet pipes. The main water inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the heat pump unit 2 through pipelines respectively.

[0043] Step 4: Complete the construction of Tunnel 5.

[0044] Working principle of the geothermal antifreeze system in Tunnel 5:

[0045] Multiple tunnel energy piles 3 exchange heat with the surrounding soil, thereby raising the temperature of the water in multiple heat exchange pipes 43. The hot water is then transported to the evaporator 21 for heating via the circulation pump 41. The evaporator 21 absorbs the low-grade heat source of the hot water to heat the internal refrigerant. The heated refrigerant flows from the evaporator 21 to the compressor 23, while the cooled water flows back into the heat exchange pipes 43 of the multiple tunnel energy piles 3 to continue exchanging heat with the surrounding soil, forming a cycle.

[0046] During the transportation process, the liquid droplets in the heating refrigerant are separated by the gas-liquid separator 22. The heating refrigerant then enters the compressor 23, which compresses the refrigerant, increasing its temperature and pressure, thereby converting low-grade heat energy into high-grade heat energy. When the high-temperature refrigerant oil is transported to the condenser 25, it passes through the oil separator 24 to separate the lubricating oil from the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture, preventing the lubricating oil from entering the condenser 25 and releasing heat. The high-temperature refrigerant enters the condenser 25 and is heated by the water in the internal heat exchange tube 11. The circulating pump 12 draws water from the heat exchange tube 23 and circulates it to the condenser 25 for heating. The heated water is then transported to the heat exchange tube 23 in the tunnel 5 to heat the tunnel 5, thus heating the tunnel 5 to melt snow.

[0047] The cooled refrigerant flows out of the condenser 25, is stored in the liquid receiver 28, and then the liquid receiver 28 stores and outputs the refrigerant. The refrigerant passes through the filter 27 to filter out impurities in the refrigerant, and then the electronic expansion valve 26 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the refrigeration unit according to a preset program to achieve precise control. As a result, the refrigerant flows back into the evaporator 21 for heat exchange, and the cycle continues.

[0048] In summary, the geothermal energy utilization technology based on energy piles transforms the underground tunnel energy piles 3 into part of a heat storage and heat exchange ground source heat pump system. The tunnel energy piles 3 serve as heat exchange wells, with heat exchange pipes buried in the pile foundation and connected to the heat pump system via pipelines. The tunnel energy piles 3 exchange heat with the surrounding soil. This reduces the well drilling and grouting backfilling processes required for ground source heat pump systems. Furthermore, it allows for the extraction of deep geothermal energy from deep soil layers through deep drilling, avoiding the large area requirements of ground source heat pumps. The application of energy pile technology can reduce well drilling costs by approximately one-third of the total cost of the heat exchange system, while also shortening the construction period and saving land space.

Claims

1. A tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles, comprising a tunnel (5), a heat exchanger (1) inside the tunnel, a heat pump unit (2), and multiple sets of tunnel energy piles (3), characterized in that: The multiple sets of tunnel energy piles (3) are connected to the tunnel pile foundation internal heat exchanger (4), and the tunnel internal heat exchanger (1), heat pump unit (2) and tunnel pile foundation internal heat exchanger (4) are connected by a pipeline circulation. The heat exchanger (4) inside the tunnel pile foundation includes a second circulating pump (41), a second valve (42), and a second heat exchange pipe (43) installed inside each group of tunnel energy piles (3). The inlet and outlet ends of multiple second heat exchange pipes (43) are connected in parallel through pipes. The parallel outlet pipe is connected to the input end of the second circulating pump (41), the output end pipe of the second circulating pump (41) is connected to the heat pump unit (2), the parallel inlet pipe is connected to the output end of the second valve (42), and the input end pipe of the second valve (42) is connected to the heat pump unit (2). The tunnel (5) consists of surrounding rock (51) and lining (52). The heat exchanger (1) inside the tunnel is installed between the surrounding rock (51) and lining (52) and connected to the heat pump unit (2) via a pipeline.

2. The tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (1) inside the tunnel includes multiple sets of heat exchange pipes (11), a circulation pump (12), and a valve (13). The multiple sets of heat exchange pipes (11) are laid between the surrounding rock (51) and the lining (52). The inlet and outlet ends of the multiple sets of heat exchange pipes (11) are connected in parallel through pipes. The outlet parallel pipe is connected to the input end of the valve (13), the output end of the valve (13) is connected to the water output end of the condenser (25), the inlet parallel pipe is connected to the output end of the valve (13), and the input end of the valve (13) is connected to the water output end of the condenser (25).

3. The tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel energy pile (3) is a reinforced concrete pile, and the heat exchange pipe 2 (43) is fixed in the steel cage of the tunnel energy pile (3) by binding.

4. The tunnel geothermal antifreeze system based on energy piles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat pump unit (2) includes an evaporator (21), a gas-liquid separator (22), a compressor (23), an oil separator (24), a condenser (25), an electronic expansion valve (26), a filter (27), and a liquid receiver (28). The water output pipe of the evaporator (21) is connected to the input end of valve two (42), the water input pipe of the evaporator (21) is connected to the output end of circulating pump two (41), the medium output pipe of the evaporator (21) is connected to the input end of the gas-liquid separator (22), and the output pipe of the gas-liquid separator (22) is connected to the input end of the gas-liquid separator (22). The pipe is connected to the input end of the compressor (23), the output pipe of the compressor (23) is connected to the input end of the oil separator (24), the output pipe of the oil separator (24) is connected to the medium input end of the condenser (25), the medium output pipe of the condenser (25) is connected to the input pipe of the liquid receiver (28), the output pipe of the liquid receiver (28) is connected to the input end of the filter (27), the output pipe of the filter (27) is connected to the input end of the electronic expansion valve (26), and the output pipe of the electronic expansion valve (26) is connected to the medium input end of the evaporator (21).

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