High-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction
By introducing a conical gas flow dispersion block, a water jacket, and a circulating water heat exchange plate into the high-pressure reactor, the problems of powdery raw materials being blown up and ignition propellant being dispersed during nitrogen purging were solved, thus achieving a safe and efficient self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522105861.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing self-propagating combustion synthesis processes, powdered raw materials are easily stirred up and dispersed during nitrogen purging, leading to safety hazards and low efficiency.
Design a high-pressure reactor comprising an airflow dispersion block, a water jacket, and a circulating water heat exchange plate. The airflow dispersion block has a conical structure to disperse the nitrogen gas flow. The water jacket and circulating water heat exchange plate improve heat dissipation efficiency. The furnace door and sealing ring are designed to enhance sealing performance.
This effectively prevents the powdery raw materials from being blown up and the ignition charge from being dispersed, improves the nitrogen dispersion efficiency and furnace heat dissipation efficiency, and ensures that the reaction proceeds safely and efficiently.
Smart Images
Figure CN223542932U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of high-pressure reaction equipment for self-propagating combustion synthesis, and in particular to a high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction. Background Technology
[0002] The existing process for synthesizing alloys through self-propagating combustion involves first pushing an open container filled with powdered raw materials into a high-pressure reactor, closing the furnace door, venting the air from the furnace, and then introducing nitrogen gas into the high-pressure reactor through the nitrogen inlet.
[0003] The nitrogen gas flow blows directly onto the ignition source and the powdery material in the open container, causing the ignition propellant to be dispersed and the powdery material to be thrown up. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reactions, which avoids the powdery raw materials in the open container being stirred up and the ignition charge being blown away during the nitrogen filling process.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:
[0006] This utility model discloses a high-pressure reactor for a self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction, comprising a furnace body, an ignition device, and an airflow dispersion block; the furnace body is provided with a nitrogen inlet for introducing nitrogen into the furnace body; the airflow dispersion block is fixed inside the furnace body and faces the nitrogen inlet; the ignition device is fixed on the furnace body and located on the side of the airflow dispersion block away from the nitrogen inlet;
[0007] The airflow dispersion block has a conical structure on the side facing the nitrogen inlet, with the tip pointing towards the nitrogen inlet;
[0008] The conical structure is a frustum or a pyramid; the furnace body has an inner wall parallel to the top surface of the conical structure and an inner wall parallel to the side surface of the conical structure.
[0009] In some examples, the width of the air gap between the conical structure and the furnace body is 20-25 mm.
[0010] In some examples, the airflow dispersion block has a groove on the side opposite to the nitrogen inlet.
[0011] In some examples, the conical structure is a frustum formed by a top plate and four side plates.
[0012] In some examples, the high-pressure reactor for the self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction further includes a water jacket and a circulating water heat exchange plate; the water jacket is fixed to the outside of the furnace body, and a circulating water flow jacket is formed between the water jacket and the furnace body; the water jacket is provided with an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the circulating water flow jacket; the circulating water heat exchange plate is located inside the circulating water flow jacket and is fixed to the furnace body.
[0013] In some examples, there is a gap between the lower end of the circulating water heat exchange plate and the water jacket; the lower end of the water jacket is provided with a cleaning port.
[0014] In some examples, there are multiple cleaning ports, and these multiple cleaning ports have different axial positions on the furnace body.
[0015] In some examples, the circulating water heat exchange plate is an annular plate concentric with the furnace body, the water jacket is a cylindrical structure concentric with the furnace body, and a gap is formed between the circulating water heat exchange plate and the water jacket throughout the entire circumferential direction.
[0016] In some examples, the high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction further includes a furnace door located at one end of the furnace body and sealed to the furnace body via an end face; a sealing ring is provided between the end face of the furnace body and the end face of the furnace door, and an installation groove for embedding the sealing ring is provided on the end face of the furnace body or the end face of the furnace door.
[0017] In some examples, the furnace door is threaded to the furnace body to be opened and closed by rotation.
[0018] This utility model achieves the following technical advantages compared to related technologies:
[0019] When nitrogen passes through the gas flow dispersion block, the block, being directly opposite the nitrogen inlet and positioned in the nitrogen's exit direction, obstructs the flow of nitrogen. The nitrogen impacts the dispersion block, disperses after the impact, bypasses it, and continues flowing to the ignition device and the open container containing the powdered raw material. In this process, the dispersion block disperses the gas flow, reducing its impact on the ignition propellant within the ignition source.
[0020] The airflow dispersion block has a conical structure on the side facing the nitrogen inlet, with the tip pointing towards the nitrogen inlet. Compared to a concave structure, this conical structure provides less resistance to nitrogen, preventing the nitrogen from decreasing in velocity too much while dispersing it. This improves airflow dispersion efficiency and allows the nitrogen to be dispersed evenly throughout the furnace body as quickly as possible.
[0021] The conical structure is a frustum or truncated cone; the furnace body has an inner wall parallel to the top surface of the conical structure, and an inner wall parallel to the side surface of the conical structure. By forcing nitrogen to be transported along the wall through an equal-width air gap between the parallel surfaces, not only can the distance between the nitrogen and the furnace wall be reduced, but the flow rate of nitrogen near the furnace wall can also be increased, thereby improving the cooling effect on the furnace wall and preventing the equipment from deforming or cracking due to overheating, providing a key guarantee for the safe and efficient conduct of the reaction.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the high-pressure reactor for the self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction further includes a water jacket and a circulating water heat exchange plate. By setting up the circulating water heat exchange plate, the contact area between the furnace body and the water flow can be increased, that is, the heat exchange area between the furnace body and the water flow can be increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the furnace body.
[0023] In the preferred embodiment of this utility model, by setting multiple cleaning ports with different axial positions on the furnace body, dirt at different axial positions can be quickly discharged, avoiding dirt clogging the gap between the circulating water heat exchange plate and the water jacket, and saving water resources.
[0024] In the preferred embodiment of this utility model, by sealing the end faces of the furnace body and the furnace door with the sealing ring, and the end faces being perpendicular to the axis of the furnace body, there is only axial interaction force between the furnace door and the furnace body during the opening and closing of the furnace door, and no radial interaction force. Therefore, the sealing ring will not change its own radius under the action of the radial component force, that is, the sealing ring is not easy to fall out of the mounting groove. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or related technologies, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure reactor used in the prior art for self-propagating combustion synthesis reactions;
[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;
[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure reactor used for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction in some examples of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.
[0030] In the diagram: 1. Nitrogen inlet; 2. Water outlet; 3. Airflow dispersion block; 4. Water jacket; 5. Furnace body; 6. Circulating water heat exchange plate; 7. Temperature measuring device; 8. Ignition device; 9. Furnace door; 10. Sealing ring; 11. Water inlet; 12. Stain removal port. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0032] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reactions, which avoids the powdery raw materials in the open container being stirred up and the ignition charge being blown away during the nitrogen filling process.
[0033] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0034] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 This embodiment provides a high-pressure reactor for a self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction, including a furnace body 5, an ignition device 8, and an airflow dispersion block 3. The furnace body 5 is provided with a nitrogen inlet 1 for introducing nitrogen into the furnace body 5. The airflow dispersion block 3 is fixed inside the furnace body 5 and faces the nitrogen inlet 1. The ignition device 8 is fixed to the furnace body 5 and located on the side of the airflow dispersion block 3 away from the nitrogen inlet 1.
[0035] The airflow dispersion block 3 has a conical structure on the side facing the nitrogen inlet 1, with its tip pointing towards the nitrogen inlet 1. The conical structure is a frustum or truncated cone. The furnace body 5 has an inner wall parallel to the top surface of the conical structure and an inner wall parallel to the side surface of the conical structure.
[0036] The working principle of the high-pressure reactor used in this embodiment for the self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction is as follows:
[0037] The ignition device 8 includes an ignition source located inside the furnace body 5, which ignites the propellant. Since the ignition device 8 is located on the side of the airflow dispersion block 3 opposite to the nitrogen inlet 1, nitrogen enters the furnace body 5 through the nitrogen inlet 1, passes through the airflow dispersion block 3, and then reaches the ignition device 8. When the nitrogen passes through the airflow dispersion block 3, because the airflow dispersion block 3 is directly opposite the nitrogen inlet 1 and is positioned in the nitrogen emission direction, it obstructs the flow of nitrogen. The nitrogen impacts the airflow dispersion block 3, disperses after the impact, bypasses the airflow dispersion block 3, and continues to flow to the ignition device 8. In this process, the airflow dispersion block 3 disperses the airflow, reducing the impact of the airflow on the propellant within the ignition source.
[0038] Similarly, in the process of self-propagating combustion synthesis of alloys, it is only necessary to push the open container containing powdered raw materials into the high-pressure reactor, so that the open container is located on the side of the gas flow dispersion block 3 away from the nitrogen inlet 1. The gas flow dispersion block 3 can then disperse the gas flow and reduce the impact of the gas flow on the powdered raw materials in the open container.
[0039] Compared to the concave structure, the conical airflow dispersion block 3 offers less resistance to nitrogen, preventing the nitrogen from decreasing in velocity too much while it is being dispersed. This improves the airflow dispersion efficiency, allowing the nitrogen to be dispersed evenly throughout the furnace body 5 as quickly as possible.
[0040] The conical structure is a frustum or truncated cone. The furnace body 5 has an inner wall parallel to the top surface of the conical structure and an inner wall parallel to the side surfaces of the conical structure. This structure forces nitrogen gas to be transported along the wall through equal-width air gaps between the parallel surfaces. This not only reduces the distance between the nitrogen gas and the inner wall of the furnace body 5 but also increases the flow rate of nitrogen gas near the inner wall of the furnace body 5. This improves the cooling effect on the inner wall of the furnace body 5, preventing equipment deformation or cracking due to overheating, and providing crucial protection for the safe and efficient conduct of the reaction.
[0041] In some examples, the width of the air gap between the conical structure and the furnace body 5 is 20~25mm.
[0042] The air gap between the top surface of the conical structure and the furnace body 5, and the air gap between the side surface of the conical structure and the furnace body 5, can be equal or unequal.
[0043] In some examples, the airflow dispersion block 3 has a groove on the side opposite to the nitrogen inlet 1.
[0044] Since the side of the airflow dispersion block 3 facing away from the nitrogen inlet 1 does not participate in nitrogen dispersion, a groove can be provided on the side of the airflow dispersion block 3 facing away from the nitrogen inlet 1 to reduce the overall weight of the airflow dispersion block 3.
[0045] In some examples, the conical structure is a frustum formed by a top plate and four side plates.
[0046] The surface of the top plate facing away from the groove is the top surface described above, and the surface of the side plate facing away from the groove is the side surface described above.
[0047] For example, the top panel and the four side panels are of equal thickness.
[0048] In some examples, the high-pressure reactor for the self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction also includes a water jacket 4 and a circulating water heat exchange plate 6. The water jacket 4 is fixed to the outside of the furnace body 5, forming a circulating water flow jacket between the water jacket 4 and the furnace body 5. The water jacket 4 is provided with an inlet 11 and an outlet 2 that communicate with the circulating water flow jacket. The circulating water heat exchange plate 6 is located inside the circulating water flow jacket and is fixed to the furnace body 5.
[0049] Cold water enters the circulating water jacket through inlet 11, exchanges heat with the furnace body 5 and the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 to raise its temperature, then floats up and flows out through outlet 2.
[0050] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 In existing high-pressure reactors used for self-propagating combustion synthesis reactions, the circulating water flow jacket usually does not have a circulating water heat exchange plate 6. The furnace body 5 relies solely on its outer cylindrical surface to exchange heat with the water flow in the circulating water flow jacket, resulting in a small heat exchange area and low heat exchange efficiency.
[0051] In this embodiment, by setting up a circulating water heat exchange plate 6, the contact area between the furnace body 5 and the water flow can be increased, that is, the heat exchange area between the furnace body 5 and the water flow can be increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the furnace body 5.
[0052] In some examples, there is a gap between the lower end of the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4. The lower end of the water jacket 4 is provided with a cleaning port 12.
[0053] During the cleaning process, vibration excitation is applied to the water jacket 4, causing the dirt adhering to the water jacket 4 and the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 to separate from it. Afterwards, the inlet 11 of the water jacket 4 is closed and the cleaning port 12 is opened. Because there is a gap between the lower end of the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4, water at different axial positions can pass through the gap between the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4 to reach the cleaning port 12, whereby the dirt is carried away by the water flow and discharged through the cleaning port 12.
[0054] In some examples, there are multiple cleaning ports 12, and the multiple cleaning ports 12 have different axial positions on the furnace body 5.
[0055] It should be noted that the length of furnace body 5 is generally quite large. (Refer to...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 In existing high-pressure reactors used for self-propagating combustion synthesis reactions, there is usually only one cleaning port 12, which is located at the end of the furnace body 5 near the nitrogen inlet 1.
[0056] If only a single cleaning port 12 is provided, on the one hand, all the dirt flowing towards the same position may cause blockage of the gap between the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4; on the other hand, after the water in the circulating water flow jacket is drained, the dirt in the position far from the cleaning port 12 may not have been drained, and additional water needs to be supplied to the circulating water flow jacket.
[0057] Therefore, this embodiment sets up multiple cleaning ports 12, which are located at different axial positions on the furnace body 5, so that dirt at different axial positions can be discharged quickly, avoiding dirt clogging the gap between the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4, and saving water.
[0058] For example, the number of cleaning ports 12 can be three, located in the middle of the furnace body 5 and at the two ends of the furnace body 5 respectively.
[0059] In some examples, the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 is a circular ring plate concentric with the furnace body 5, and the water jacket 4 is a cylindrical structure concentric with the furnace body 5. A gap is formed between the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4 along the entire circumference.
[0060] By creating a gap between the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4 along the entire circumference, the flow area of the gap between the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4 is increased, which facilitates the axial flow of water in the circulating water flow jacket and also facilitates the axial flow of dirt in the circulating water flow jacket during cleaning.
[0061] For example, the width of the gap formed between the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 and the water jacket 4 along the entire circumference is 1~2mm.
[0062] It is understandable that the circulating water heat exchange plate 6 can also be in other forms, such as being spirally arranged on the outside of the furnace body 5.
[0063] In some examples, the high-pressure reactor for the self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction also includes a furnace door 9, located at one end of the furnace body 5 and sealed to the furnace body 5 via an end face. A sealing ring 10 is provided between the end face of the furnace body 5 and the end face of the furnace door 9, and an installation groove for embedding the sealing ring 10 is provided on the end face of the furnace body 5 or the end face of the furnace door 9. The furnace door 9 and the nitrogen inlet 1 are located at opposite ends of the furnace body 5.
[0064] For example, the end face of the furnace door 9 facing the furnace body 5 is provided with an installation groove for the sealing ring 10 to be inserted.
[0065] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2In existing high-pressure reactors used for self-propagating combustion synthesis reactions, the furnace door 9 and furnace body 5 are sealed by a conical surface contact seal. The conical surface of the furnace door 9 facing the furnace body 5 has an installation groove, in which a sealing ring 10 is installed. During the closing of the furnace door 9, the radial component of the inclined frictional force (along the generatrix of the conical surface) applied by the conical surface of the furnace body 5 to the sealing ring 10 causes the radius of the sealing ring 10 to expand, thus making it easier for the sealing ring 10 to detach from the installation groove. During the opening of the furnace door 9, the radial component of the inclined frictional force applied by the conical surface of the furnace body 5 to the sealing ring 10 causes the radius of the sealing ring 10 to decrease, thus making it easier for the sealing ring 10 to detach from the installation groove.
[0066] In this embodiment, the sealing ring 10 seals the end faces of the furnace body 5 and the furnace door 9. The end faces are perpendicular to the axis of the furnace body 5. Therefore, during the opening and closing of the furnace door 9, there is only axial interaction force between the furnace door 9 and the furnace body 5, and no radial interaction force. Therefore, the sealing ring 10 will not change its own radius under the action of the radial component force, that is, the sealing ring 10 is not easy to fall out of the mounting groove.
[0067] In some examples, the furnace door 9 is threaded to the furnace body 5 so as to be opened and closed by rotation.
[0068] However, the actual implementation is not limited to this. For example, those skilled in the art may also choose to hinge the furnace door 9 to the furnace body 5 to achieve flip-opening and closing, or the furnace door 9 may be driven by a hydraulic cylinder to achieve linear sliding opening and closing.
[0069] In some examples, the high-pressure reactor for the self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction also includes a temperature measuring device 7, which is fixed to the furnace body 5 and used to measure the temperature inside the furnace body 5.
[0070] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
Claims
1. A high-pressure reactor for a self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction, characterized in that, The furnace includes a furnace body, an ignition device, and an airflow dispersion block; the furnace body is provided with a nitrogen inlet for introducing nitrogen into the furnace body; the airflow dispersion block is fixed inside the furnace body and faces the nitrogen inlet; the ignition device is fixed to the furnace body and is located on the side of the airflow dispersion block away from the nitrogen inlet. The airflow dispersion block has a conical structure on the side facing the nitrogen inlet, with the tip pointing towards the nitrogen inlet; The conical structure is a frustum or a pyramid; the furnace body has an inner wall parallel to the top surface of the conical structure and an inner wall parallel to the side surface of the conical structure.
2. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the air gap between the conical structure and the furnace body is 20~25mm.
3. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow dispersion block has a groove on the side opposite to the nitrogen inlet.
4. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conical structure is a frustum formed by a top plate and four side plates.
5. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water jacket and a circulating water heat exchange plate; the water jacket is fixed to the outside of the furnace body, and a circulating water flow interlayer is formed between the water jacket and the furnace body; the water jacket is provided with an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the circulating water flow interlayer; the circulating water heat exchange plate is located inside the circulating water flow interlayer and is fixed to the furnace body.
6. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is a gap between the lower end of the circulating water heat exchange plate and the water jacket; the lower end of the water jacket is provided with a cleaning port.
7. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of cleaning ports is multiple, and the multiple cleaning ports have different axial positions on the furnace body.
8. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circulating water heat exchange plate is a circular ring plate concentric with the furnace body, and the water jacket is a cylindrical structure concentric with the furnace body. A gap is formed between the circulating water heat exchange plate and the water jacket along the entire circumference.
9. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a furnace door, which is located at one end of the furnace body and is sealed to the furnace body through an end face; a sealing ring is provided between the end face of the furnace body and the end face of the furnace door, and an installation groove for the sealing ring to be embedded is provided on the end face of the furnace body or the end face of the furnace door.
10. The high-pressure reactor for self-propagating combustion synthesis reaction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The furnace door is threadedly connected to the furnace body and can be opened and closed by rotation.