Multi-layer feeding vaporization section for catalytic cracking device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of catalytic cracking devices, in particular to a multilayer feeding vaporization section for a catalytic cracking device, which comprises a vaporization section body, the vaporization section body is of a cylindrical structure, the lower end of the vaporization section body is connected with an outlet of a pre-lifting section, and the upper end of the vaporization section body is connected with an inlet of a reaction section; an upper-layer feeding nozzle and a lower-layer feeding nozzle are arranged on the pipe wall of the vaporization section body in a penetrating mode, the upper-layer feeding nozzle is located above the lower-layer feeding nozzle, the included angle between the spraying direction of the upper-layer feeding nozzle and the axis of the vaporization section body is alpha, the included angle between the spraying direction of the lower-layer feeding nozzle and the axis of the vaporization section body is beta, and alpha is larger than beta and larger than or equal to 30 degrees. According to the multilayer feeding vaporization section provided by the utility model, by arranging two layers of feeding nozzles with different spraying angles, the distribution uniformity of an initial oil agent is improved, the liquid yield of a device is improved, secondary reaction is reduced, dry gas and coke are reduced, and the economic benefit of the whole device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of catalytic cracking equipment, specifically a multi-layer feed vaporization section for catalytic cracking equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Catalytic cracking units, as an important secondary processing method for light crude oil, provide more than 70% of the gasoline and more than 30% of the diesel in the Chinese market, playing a pivotal role in my country's petroleum processing industry. The riser reactor is the core equipment of catalytic cracking, the site of the catalytic cracking reaction, and its performance directly determines the unit's operating efficiency. The riser reactor is generally divided into a pre-rise section, a vaporization section, a reaction section, and an outlet separation system from bottom to top. Starting from the pre-rise section, pre-rise gas (gas) enters from the bottom, carrying catalyst particles upwards. When it reaches the vaporization section, feedstock is injected through the feed nozzle, mixing and contacting with the catalyst particles and rapidly initiating a reaction to produce target products such as gasoline, diesel, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Simultaneously, it moves upwards to continue subsequent cracking reactions. When it reaches the outlet separation system, the gaseous medium produced by the reaction separates from the solid catalyst particles, completing all the reactions within the riser reactor.

[0003] Therefore, the contact and mixing conditions between the feedstock and catalyst in the vaporization section directly affect the entire catalytic cracking reaction process. Currently, the arrangement of feed nozzles in the vaporization section is generally a single-layer arrangement. For example, UOP (US5348644, US6511635B2) proposed installing a guide component upstream of the feed nozzle installation position in the riser vaporization section to improve the initial contact between the oil and catalyst. Domestic patents (ZL201020623008, ZL201020622990) proposed installing a streamlined internal component above the feed nozzle and introducing auxiliary gas to control and utilize the auxiliary gas's "secondary flow," promoting oil-catalyst mixing in the secondary flow area and reducing the "reciprocating back-mixing" of catalyst particles and feedstock in that area. Patent application CN201410014516.1 proposes an inverted feed nozzle installation and counter-current injection contact, etc. The above-mentioned technical solutions generally have the following problems: a. Most of the catalyst from the pre-lifting section is distributed in the center of the vaporization section, and less in the side wall, i.e., the feed oil ring core structure; b. The feed oil injected by the feed nozzle cannot penetrate the catalyst group to reach the center of the vaporization section and form a ring gas core structure, thereby affecting the contact efficiency between the catalyst and the feed oil, resulting in local catalyst oil levels being too high or too low, affecting the effective product yield of the unit. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the problems raised in the background art, this utility model provides a multi-layer feed vaporization section for a catalytic cracking unit, which aims to improve the contact efficiency between feedstock oil and catalyst group and increase the liquid yield of the catalytic cracking unit.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-layer feed vaporization section for a catalytic cracking unit includes a vaporization section body, which is a cylindrical structure. Its lower end is connected to the outlet of a pre-lifting section, and its upper end is connected to the inlet of a reaction section. An upper feed nozzle and a lower feed nozzle are installed on the pipe wall of the vaporization section body. The upper feed nozzle is located above the lower feed nozzle. The angle between the spray direction of the upper feed nozzle and the axis of the vaporization section body is α, and the angle between the spray direction of the lower feed nozzle and the axis of the vaporization section body is β, where β > α ≥ 30°.

[0007] The number of upper and lower feed nozzles is both multiple.

[0008] The upper feed nozzles are evenly distributed on the circumference of the vaporization section body, and the lower feed nozzles are also evenly distributed on the circumference of the vaporization section body, with the upper and lower feed nozzles arranged alternately.

[0009] The angle α between the upper feed nozzle and the axis of the vaporization section body is 50°-70°.

[0010] The angle β between the lower feed nozzle and the axis of the vaporization section body is 30°-50°.

[0011] The vaporization section has a conical cylindrical structure.

[0012] The vaporization section is a cylindrical structure.

[0013] Both the upper and lower feed nozzles are mounted on the vaporization section body via sleeves.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1) Existing feed nozzle arrangements are single-layer feed nozzles, which generally have the following problems: a. Most of the catalyst from the pre-lifting section is distributed in the center of the vaporization section, and less in the side walls, i.e., the feed oil ring core structure; b. The feed oil sprayed from the feed nozzle cannot penetrate the catalyst group to reach the center of the vaporization section body to form a ring-shaped gas core structure, thus affecting the contact efficiency between the catalyst and the feed oil, resulting in local excessively high or low catalyst-to-oil ratios, affecting the effective product yield of the unit. The multi-layer feed vaporization section described in this invention, with its advanced design concept, improves the initial uniformity of the oil-to-catalyst distribution by setting two layers of feed nozzles with different spray angles, increases the liquid yield of the unit, reduces secondary reactions, reduces the generation of dry gas and coke, and improves the overall economic efficiency of the unit.

[0016] 2) The multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model has an upper and lower feeding nozzle arranged in an alternating manner. The material sprayed by the upper feeding nozzle can penetrate to 1 / 2 of the radius of the vaporization section body, and the material sprayed by the lower feeding nozzle can penetrate to the center of the vaporization section body. This improves the uniformity of the distribution of catalyst and oil on the cross-section of the pipeline, reduces the occurrence of secondary reactions, reduces the generation of dry gas and coke, and improves the liquid yield.

[0017] 3) The multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model achieves better oil-agent contact effect, which can greatly improve the catalyst utilization efficiency, thereby reducing the amount of catalyst used in the entire process, which in turn reduces the production and operation cost of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the front view (axial section) of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the lower feed nozzle of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic front view of the upper feed nozzle of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 The main view of the lower feed nozzle of this utility model when the vaporization section body adopts another structural form;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a front view of the upper feed nozzle of this utility model when the vaporization section body adopts another structural form.

[0024] Figures 1-6In the middle section: 01. Vaporization section body; 02. Upper feed nozzle; 03. Lower feed nozzle; 04. Pre-lift section; 05. Reaction section; 10. Lower nozzle spray range; 11. Upper nozzle spray range. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Combined with appendix Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a multi-layer feed vaporization section for a catalytic cracking unit, including a vaporization section body 01, an upper feed nozzle 02, and a lower feed nozzle 03. The upper feed nozzle 02 and the lower feed nozzle 03 are installed on the outer wall of the vaporization section body 01 and are arranged in two layers. The upper feed nozzle 02 is located above the lower feed nozzle 03. The upper feed nozzle 02 and the lower feed nozzle 03 are respectively at a certain angle to the axis of the vaporization section body 01, forming the multi-layer feed vaporization section.

[0027] The multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model includes a vaporization section body 01 whose lower end is connected to the outlet of the pre-lifting section 04, and a vaporization section body 01 whose upper end is connected to the inlet of the reaction section 05.

[0028] The multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model includes an upper feeding nozzle 02 and a lower feeding nozzle 03 in multiples.

[0029] The multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model includes an upper feeding nozzle 02 and a lower feeding nozzle 03 that are evenly distributed along the circumference at their respective heights and are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0030] In the multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model, the angle between the upper feeding nozzle 02 and the axis of the vaporization section body 01 is 50°-70°.

[0031] In the multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model, the angle between the lower feeding nozzle 03 and the axis of the vaporization section body 01 is 30°-50°.

[0032] The multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model, wherein: the vaporization section body 01 is a conical cylindrical structure.

[0033] The multi-layer feeding vaporization section of this utility model includes an upper feeding nozzle 02 and a lower feeding nozzle 03, both of which are mounted on the vaporization section body 01 via corresponding sleeves. Specifically, the sleeves are fixedly installed on the pipe wall of the vaporization section body 01, while the upper feeding nozzle 02 or the lower feeding nozzle is respectively installed in the corresponding sleeves for easy adjustment and replacement.

[0034] Combined with appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 4 When the multi-layer feeding vaporization section of the utility model is in operation, the pre-lift gas (gas) enters from the bottom and carries the catalyst particle group upward. When it reaches the vaporization section body 01, the feed oil is injected into the vaporization section body 01 from the lower feed nozzle 03 and the upper feed nozzle 02 in sequence to react with the catalyst. The material injected by the upper feed nozzle can penetrate to 1 / 2 of the radius of the vaporization section body, and the material injected by the lower feed nozzle can penetrate to the center of the vaporization section body. The upper nozzle spray range 11 and the lower nozzle spray range 10 are combined to completely cover and fill the interior of the vaporization section body 01, improving the initial uniformity of oil distribution, increasing the liquid yield of the unit, reducing secondary reactions, reducing the generation of dry gas and coke, and improving the economic efficiency of the entire unit.

[0035] Combined with appendix Figure 1 In one embodiment of this utility model, the vaporization section body 01 is a conical cylindrical structure; (Attached) Figure 5 , Figure 6 This is another embodiment of the multi-layer feeding vaporization section of the present invention, in which the vaporization section body 01 is a cylindrical structure. When a cylindrical vaporization section body 01 is used, the lower feeding nozzle 03 and the upper feeding nozzle 02 can also be arranged in a two-layer configuration to achieve the same effect.

[0036] The above embodiments illustrate one, but not all, implementations of this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the following implementations; all equivalent changes or substitutions made based on the technical principles and spirit of this utility model are within its protection scope. The purpose of disclosing this utility model is to protect all technical improvements within it. All other implementations obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0037] The parts of this utility model not described in detail are existing technologies.

Claims

1. A multi-layer feed vaporization section for a catalytic cracking unit, comprising a vaporization section body (01), characterized in that: The vaporization section body (01) is a cylindrical structure. Its lower end is connected to the outlet of the pre-lifting section (04), and its upper end is connected to the inlet of the reaction section (05). An upper feed nozzle (02) and a lower feed nozzle (03) are installed on the pipe wall of the vaporization section body (01). The upper feed nozzle (02) is located above the lower feed nozzle (03). The angle between the spray direction of the upper feed nozzle (02) and the axis of the vaporization section body (01) is α, and the angle between the spray direction of the lower feed nozzle (03) and the axis of the vaporization section body (01) is β, where β > α ≥ 30°.

2. The multi-layer feed gasification section for a catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the upper feed nozzle (02) and the lower feed nozzle (03) are both multiple.

3. The multi-layer feed gasification section for a catalytic cracking unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper feed nozzle (02) is evenly distributed on the circumference of the vaporization section body (01), and the lower feed nozzle (03) is also evenly distributed on the circumference of the vaporization section body (01), with the upper feed nozzle (02) and the lower feed nozzle (03) arranged alternately.

4. The multi-layer feed gasification section for a catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle α between the upper feed nozzle (02) and the axis of the vaporization section body (01) is 50°-70°.

5. A multi-layer feed gasification section for a catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle β between the lower feed nozzle (03) and the axis of the vaporization section body is 30°-50°.

6. The multi-layer feed gasification section for a catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vaporization section body (01) has a conical cylindrical structure.

7. The multi-layer feed gasification section for a catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vaporization section body (01) is a cylindrical structure.

8. The multi-layer feed gasification section for a catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper feed nozzle (02) and the lower feed nozzle (03) are mounted on the vaporization section body (01) via sleeves.

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