Horizontal winnowing machine capable of sorting step by step

Abstract

The utility model discloses a horizontal winnowing machine capable of sorting step by step, which comprises a feeding belt conveyor, a horizontal winnowing machine is arranged at a discharge port of the feeding belt conveyor, the horizontal winnowing machine comprises a winnowing machine case, a first-stage air outlet nozzle is arranged below the discharge port of the feeding belt conveyor and extends into the winnowing machine case, and a second-stage air outlet nozzle is arranged below the discharge port of the feeding belt conveyor and extends into the winnowing machine case. Multiple stages of winnowing mechanisms are sequentially arranged obliquely below the first-stage air outlet nozzle, a corresponding material bin is arranged on the lower portion of each stage of winnowing mechanism, each winnowing mechanism comprises a separation roller and an air outlet nozzle, the diameter of the separation roller behind the first-stage air outlet nozzle is sequentially reduced, and a corresponding high-pressure fan and an air outlet nozzle are arranged below each stage of separation roller. The air outlet direction of the first-stage air outlet nozzle corresponds to the connection between the discharging port of the feeding belt and the first separation roller, the air outlet direction of the rear air outlet nozzle corresponds to the connection between the two adjacent separation rollers, and the power of the high-pressure fans corresponding to the first-stage air outlet nozzle and the rear air outlet nozzle is sequentially reduced from the first-stage air outlet nozzle to the power of the high-pressure fans corresponding to the rear air outlet nozzle. According to the utility model, multiple purposes are realized, the investment cost is reduced, and the economic benefits of enterprises are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a sorting and processing equipment for construction, decoration, aging, and domestic waste, and particularly to a horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting. Background Technology

[0002] With the vigorous development of the national economy, national infrastructure construction is constantly being upgraded and expanded, especially the construction of railways and highways, as well as the renovation of urban buildings. Urban development leads to continuous construction of various housing projects, and old buildings are being demolished one after another. During the demolition process, a large amount of solid waste—construction waste and decoration waste—is generated. The vast majority of this construction waste and decoration waste is transported by construction companies to the suburbs or rural areas without any treatment, where it is dumped in the open or landfilled. This consumes a large amount of construction funds, such as land acquisition fees and waste removal fees. At the same time, the spillage, dust, and sand flying during the transportation and dumping processes cause serious environmental pollution.

[0003] Because construction and decoration waste comes from multiple sources and is extremely complex, often mixed with various types of other waste, including household and other materials, the recycling process presents significant challenges. While large items can be sorted manually or by robots, thoroughly separating mixed materials such as plastic bags, plastic sheets, cardboard boxes, old clothes and fabrics, thin steel bars, aluminum alloy strips, sponges, foam, asbestos cloth, asbestos boards, and weeds is difficult and physically demanding. Therefore, these materials must be separated and sorted before further recycling processes to obtain high-quality, high-purity recycled materials from construction and decoration waste.

[0004] Currently, the equipment used for separation and sorting is generally an air classifier, mostly a horizontal air classifier. However, most of the current horizontal air classifiers are equipped with two or three separation rollers, all of which have the same diameter and are set at the same height, resulting in poor sorting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, this utility model designs a horizontal air separator that can sort in stages, which can adapt to the sorting of various materials.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following means:

[0007] A horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting includes a feeding belt conveyor and a horizontal air separator installed at the outlet of the feeding belt conveyor. The horizontal air separator includes an air separator housing, one end of which faces the outlet of the feeding belt conveyor. A primary high-pressure fan and a primary air nozzle are installed below the outlet of the feeding belt conveyor. The primary air nozzle extends into the air separator housing. Multiple air separation mechanisms are sequentially arranged diagonally below the primary air nozzle. Each air separation mechanism has a corresponding material bin at its lower part. Each air separation mechanism includes a separating roller and an air nozzle. The diameter of the separating roller decreases sequentially from the primary air nozzle onwards. The separation rollers descend sequentially, with a corresponding high-pressure blower and air nozzle installed below each stage of the separation rollers. The high-pressure blower is connected to the air nozzle. The air outlet direction of the first-stage air nozzle corresponds to the connection between the feed belt outlet and the first separation roller, while the air outlet direction of subsequent air nozzles corresponds to the connection between adjacent two separation rollers. The power of the high-pressure blower corresponding to each subsequent air nozzle decreases sequentially. A settling chamber separation roller is installed diagonally below the last stage of the air separation mechanism. The diameter of the settling chamber separation roller is smaller than the diameter of the last separation roller in the air separation mechanism. A return air vent is installed on the top of the air separator casing.

[0008] The aforementioned horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting has its return air inlet located at the rear of the air separator casing.

[0009] The aforementioned horizontal air separator that can sort in stages also has a dust collection port on the top of the air separator casing.

[0010] The above-mentioned horizontal air separator that can sort in stages has an air separation chamber between two adjacent separating rollers in the air separation box, which is a corresponding grade material air separation chamber. The air separator box at the rear of the last stage air separation mechanism is a settling chamber. A light material collection bin is set at the bottom of the settling chamber. The length of the settling chamber is equal to or greater than the total length of all air separation chambers.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0012] In this invention, during the step-by-step air separation process, materials are separated into light and heavy components through contact with the separating rollers and the action of airflow. It can adapt to the sorting of various types of materials.

[0013] This invention reduces the number of air separators connected in series, enabling the step-by-step separation of materials with different densities, volumes, and specific surface areas from construction waste, renovation waste, and aged waste on a single machine. This achieves "multi-purpose use of one machine," reduces investment costs, and increases the economic benefits for enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0018] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 The structure and working process of this utility model will be described in detail.

[0020] Combination Figure 1 The specific structure of this utility model is described in detail.

[0021] This utility model discloses a horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting, including a feeding belt conveyor 1. The feeding belt conveyor 1 carries the materials to be sorted into a settling chamber 8. High-pressure air is used to blow light and heavy materials of different diameters, densities, and volumes in the mixture onto separating rollers for sorting. A horizontal air separator is installed at the outlet of the feeding belt conveyor. The horizontal air separator includes an air separator housing, one end of which faces the outlet of the feeding belt conveyor. A high-pressure blower and an air nozzle 2 are installed below the outlet of the feeding belt conveyor. The air nozzle extends into the air separator housing. Multiple air separation mechanisms are arranged diagonally below the air nozzle. Each air separation mechanism has a corresponding material bin at its lower part. Each air separation mechanism includes a separating roller 3 and an air nozzle 4. The diameter of the separating roller decreases sequentially from the first air nozzle, and the position of the separating roller decreases sequentially. Each separating roller is equipped with a corresponding high-pressure blower and an air outlet. The high-pressure blower is connected to the air outlet. The air outlet direction of the first-stage air outlet corresponds to the connection between the feed belt outlet and the first separating roller. The air outlet direction of the subsequent air outlets corresponds to the connection between two adjacent separating rollers. The power of the high-pressure blower corresponding to each air outlet decreases sequentially from the first-stage air outlet to the subsequent air outlets. The settling chamber separating roller 8 is set diagonally below the last stage of the air separation mechanism. The diameter of the settling chamber separating roller is smaller than the diameter of the last separating roller 5 in the air separation mechanism. A return air inlet 9 is set on the top of the air separator casing.

[0022] The horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting described in this utility model has its return air inlet located at the rear of the air separator casing.

[0023] The horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting described in this utility model also has a dust collection port 7 on the top of the air separator casing.

[0024] The horizontal air separator capable of sorting in stages as described in this utility model has an air separator chamber between two adjacent separating rollers in the air separator box, which is a corresponding grade material air separator chamber. The air separator box at the rear of the last stage air separator mechanism is a settling chamber. A light material collection bin is provided at the bottom of the settling chamber. The length of the settling chamber 10 is equal to or greater than the total length of all the air separator chambers 6.

[0025] The high-pressure blower of this invention is a blower controlled by a frequency converter installed on an air separator. Different blower power levels are generated according to the blower's power and the frequency converter's regulation to separate light materials of different sizes and collect dust. The air outlet nozzle is where the strong air blown by the high-pressure blower propels the high-pressure airflow into the air separator housing, blowing light and heavy materials of different diameters, densities, and volumes from the mixture brought in by the feeding conveyor belt 1 onto the separating roller for separation. The air pressure of the high-pressure blower decreases sequentially from the front to the rear of the air separator housing. The separating roller 3 is a cylinder installed inside the settling chamber 8, driven by a motor and reducer. The strong air blown through the air inlet pipe and air outlet 2 blows the mixture brought in by the feeding conveyor belt 1 onto the outer cylinder of the separating roller for material separation. The diameter of the separating rollers decreases sequentially from the front end to the rear end of the air classifier box. The front end of the air classifier box is used to separate heavy materials with high density, large volume, and large mass, while the density, volume, and mass of the separated materials decrease sequentially thereafter.

[0026] The high-pressure blower is a frequency converter-controlled blower installed on the air classifier. Depending on the blower's power and the frequency converter's adjustment, different airflow forces are generated to classify light materials of different sizes and collect dust. The air outlet nozzles direct the strong airflow from the high-pressure blower into the air classifier housing, separating materials of different diameters, densities, and volumes from the mixture fed into the separation rollers. The settling chamber 10 is the main structure of the horizontal air classifier, used for the circulation and collection of strong air and light materials. The strong air blown into it from the inlet duct and nozzles is recycled through the return air inlet and return air pipe. The dust collection port is the environmentally friendly dust removal structure of the horizontal air classifier, connected to an external dust collector interface, used to collect dust from the settling chamber.

[0027] The innovative points of this utility model are:

[0028] 1. Multiple separating rollers and their matching high-pressure fans are designed on the same horizontal air classifier. Under the action of separating rollers of different diameters and fans of different pressures, materials with different densities, volumes, and specific surface areas are separated in stages, thereby achieving rapid separation of substances containing a large number of different densities, volumes, and specific surface areas. This allows the use of a single air classifier to separate different raw materials, achieving the goal of "one machine for multiple uses" and reducing investment costs.

[0029] 2. In order to achieve step-by-step separation, in the design and production of horizontal air classifiers that can sort step-by-step, the diameter of the separation roller at the front end of the horizontal air classifier is the maximum diameter, and the diameter of the separation rollers gradually decreases towards the rear. At the same time, the air pressure of the high-pressure blower matched with the separation rollers of different diameters is also gradually reduced. In this way, materials with different densities, volumes and specific surface areas can be separated step-by-step.

[0030] 3. In order to meet environmental protection requirements, the air outlets of high-pressure blowers with different wind speeds are all sealed inside the air separator housing. At the same time, the air outlets of the high-pressure blowers are placed directly below the separating rollers, so that the separating rollers can protect the air outlet housings of the blowers and prevent the separated heavy materials from wearing down the air outlet housings.

[0031] 4. In order to achieve the step-by-step separation of materials with different densities, volumes and specific surface areas in construction waste, decoration waste and aged waste, the air separator is placed horizontally and the length of the settling chamber is extended. In this way, the various materials transported from the feeding belt conveyor to the settling chamber can be separated step by step, increasing the sorting capacity and sorting accuracy of the horizontal air separator.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the overall concept of the present utility model, and these should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting, comprising a feeding belt conveyor, and a horizontal air separator installed at the discharge port of the feeding belt conveyor, characterized in that: The horizontal air classifier includes an air classifier housing, with one end of the housing facing the discharge port of the feeding belt. A high-pressure blower and a primary air nozzle are installed below the discharge port of the feeding belt. The primary air nozzle extends into the air classifier housing. Multiple air classification mechanisms are sequentially arranged diagonally below the primary air nozzle. Each air classification mechanism has a corresponding material bin at its lower part. Each air classification mechanism includes a separating roller and an air nozzle. The diameter of the separating roller decreases sequentially from the primary air nozzle onwards, and the position of the separating roller also decreases sequentially. A [missing information - likely a device or mechanism] is installed below each separating roller. The high-pressure blower and the air nozzle are connected to the air nozzle. The air outlet direction of the first-stage air nozzle corresponds to the connection between the feed belt outlet and the first separation roller. The air outlet direction of the subsequent air nozzles corresponds to the connection between two adjacent separation rollers. The power of the high-pressure blower corresponding to each air nozzle decreases sequentially from the first-stage air nozzle to the next air nozzle. The settling chamber separation roller is set diagonally below the last stage of the air separation mechanism. The diameter of the settling chamber separation roller is smaller than the diameter of the last separation roller in the air separation mechanism. A return air port is set on the top of the air separator.

2. The horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return air vent is located at the rear of the air separator casing.

3. The horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dust collection port is also installed on the top of the air separator casing.

4. The horizontal air separator capable of step-by-step sorting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air separator housing consists of air separation chambers between two adjacent separating rollers, and the air separator housing at the rear of the last air separation mechanism is a settling chamber. A light material collection bin is set at the bottom of the settling chamber. The length of the settling chamber is equal to or greater than the total length of all air separation chambers.

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