Milling head positioning mechanism, milling head and machine tool
By directly mounting the sensing gear of the first gear encoder into the milling head and combining it with locking components and mounting plates, the problem of inaccurate milling head positioning was solved, achieving higher machining accuracy and production efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422975203.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-03
AI Technical Summary
Inaccurate milling head positioning leads to low machining accuracy, affecting the quality of machined surfaces and production efficiency.
The first sensing gear of the first gear encoder is directly sleeved on the first rotating shaft. The rotation amount is measured by the first reading head. Combined with the locking part and the mounting plate for fixation, the positioning accuracy of the rotating shaft is improved.
It improves the milling head's accuracy in small-angle cutting of workpieces, thereby increasing machining accuracy and production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223544171U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a milling head positioning mechanism, a milling head, and a machine tool. Background Technology
[0002] Milling heads are essential components in modern machining, widely used in milling, drilling, and cutting processes. As one of the power output components of a machine tool, they primarily transmit the rotational power of the electric motor to the cutting tool, enabling precise machining of the workpiece. During its long-term research and development, the applicant of this application discovered a problem with inaccurate positioning in milling heads, resulting in lower machining accuracy, affecting the surface quality of the machined material, and reducing production efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main technical problem addressed by this application is to provide a milling head positioning mechanism, a milling head, and a machine tool, which can improve the axial positioning accuracy of the milling head.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a milling head positioning mechanism, including: a first rotating shaft; a first gear encoder, including a first sensing gear and a first reading head, the first sensing gear being sleeved on the first rotating shaft; a first fixed seat, the first fixed seat being sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the first reading head being disposed on the first fixed seat, the sensing surface of the first reading head facing the first sensing gear, for measuring the rotation amount of the first sensing gear; wherein, when the first rotating shaft rotates, the first fixed seat does not rotate with the first rotating shaft.
[0005] The milling head positioning mechanism further includes a first mounting plate and a first locking member. The first reading head is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate, and the first locking member locks the first mounting plate to the first fixed seat.
[0006] The device also includes a second rotating shaft, a second gear encoder, and a second fixed base. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are perpendicular in axis. The second sensing gear of the second gear encoder is sleeved on the second rotating shaft. The second reading head of the second gear encoder is fixed on the second fixed base and is used to measure the rotation of the second sensing gear.
[0007] It also includes a gear mounting base, wherein the gear mounting base and the first sensing gear are sequentially sleeved on the first rotating shaft along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft, and the gear mounting base is sleeved on the gear disk mounting sleeve.
[0008] It also includes a gear plate mounting sleeve, which is fitted onto the first rotating shaft.
[0009] Wherein, the first target tangent plane of the first sensing gear is parallel to the sensing surface of the first reading head, and the first target tangent plane is the tangent plane of the first sensing gear that is closest to the sensing surface of the first reading head.
[0010] The first reading head includes one of a magnetic sensor, an inductive sensor, and a photoelectric sensor.
[0011] The distance between the first sensing gear and the first reading head ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm.
[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a milling head, including a milling head positioning mechanism as described in any of the above claims, and the milling head also includes a motor and a tool clamping mechanism, wherein the motor is connected to one end of a first rotating shaft to drive the first rotating shaft to rotate, and the tool clamping mechanism is installed at the other end of the first rotating shaft.
[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a machine tool, including a milling head as described in any of the above claims.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike the prior art, in this application, the first sensing gear of the first gear encoder is directly mounted on the first rotating shaft, thereby directly measuring the rotational speed and position of the first rotating shaft. This allows for the positioning of the rotation angle of the first rotating shaft, improving the positioning accuracy of the first rotating shaft and enhancing the precision of the milling head in cutting the workpiece at small angles. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the milling head positioning mechanism of this application;
[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first gear encoder in the middle;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the milling head positioning mechanism of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The milling head positioning mechanism 100 includes a first rotating shaft 1, a first gear encoder 2, and a first fixed base 3.
[0021] The first gear encoder 2 includes a first sensing gear 21 and a first reading head 22. The first sensing gear 21 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 1. Specifically, when the first sensing gear 21 rotates through a certain angle, the sensor in the first reading head 22 generates a corresponding number of pulses. The rotation angle is proportional to the number of pulses. The rotational speed of the first sensing gear 21 is obtained by measuring the number of pulses per unit time. Since the first sensing gear 21 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 1, the rotational speed of the first sensing gear 21 is the rotational speed of the first rotating shaft 1.
[0022] The first fixed seat 3 is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 1, and the first reading head 22 is set on the first fixed seat 3. The sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22 faces the first sensing gear 21 and is used to measure the rotation amount of the first sensing gear 21. When the first rotating shaft 1 rotates, the first fixed seat 3 does not rotate with the first rotating shaft 1.
[0023] Specifically, the first reading head 22 is mounted on the first fixed base 3. When the first sensing gear 21 rotates synchronously and at the same speed as the first rotating shaft 1, since the first reading head 22 is mounted on the first fixed base 3, the position of the first reading head 22 remains unchanged, and the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22 faces the first sensing gear 21, so the rotation amount of the first sensing gear 21 can be measured.
[0024] In this application, the first sensing gear 21 of the first gear encoder 2 is directly mounted on the first rotating shaft 1, thereby directly measuring the rotational speed and position of the first rotating shaft 1. This allows for the positioning of the rotation angle of the first rotating shaft 1, improving the positioning accuracy of the first rotating shaft 1 and enhancing the precision of the milling head in cutting the workpiece at small angles.
[0025] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the milling head positioning mechanism 100 further includes a first mounting plate 31 and a first locking member (not shown). The first reading head 22 is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 31, and the first locking member locks the first mounting plate 31 to the first fixed seat 3.
[0026] Specifically, the first reading head 22 is fixed on the first mounting plate 31. When the first locking member does not lock the first mounting plate 31, the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22 can be aligned with the first sensing gear 21. After alignment, the first mounting plate 31 and the first fixing seat 3 are locked together, thereby fixing the first reading head 22. The installation angle of the first reading head 22 can be easily adjusted by the locking member.
[0027] In one embodiment, the first locking element can be a bolt, rivet, or pin. In one application scenario, the first locking element is a bolt. The bolt puts the first mounting plate 31 and the first fixed seat 3 in a semi-locked state. After adjusting the position of the first mounting plate 31 and aligning the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22 with the first sensing gear 21, the bolt is tightened to fix the position of the first mounting plate 31 on the first fixed seat 3.
[0028] See Figure 3 In another embodiment, the milling head positioning mechanism 100 further includes a second rotating shaft 4, a second gear encoder 5, and a second fixed seat 6. The axes of the first rotating shaft 1 and the second rotating shaft 4 are perpendicular. The second sensing gear 51 of the second gear encoder 5 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 4. The second reading head 52 of the second gear encoder 5 is fixed on the second fixed seat 6 and is used to measure the rotation amount of the second sensing gear 51.
[0029] Specifically, the second reading head 52 is fixed on the second fixed base 6, and the second sensing gear 51 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 4. The second sensing gear 51 rotates synchronously with the second rotating shaft 4. Therefore, the second reading head 52 can measure the rotation amount of the second rotating shaft 4. Furthermore, the milling head system uses the rotation amount to position the rotation angle of the second rotating shaft 4, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the second rotating shaft 4.
[0030] In one embodiment, the second reading head 52 is mounted on the second mounting plate 61, and the second locking member locks the second mounting plate 61 to the second fixed seat 6. Further, the second locking member can be a bolt, rivet, or pin. In one application scenario, the second locking member is a bolt. The bolt partially locks the second mounting plate 61 to the second fixed seat 6. After adjusting the position of the second mounting plate 61 and aligning the sensing surface of the second reading head 52 with the second sensing gear 51, the bolt is tightened to fix the position of the second mounting plate 61 on the fixed seat.
[0031] In one embodiment, the milling head positioning mechanism 100 further includes a gear mounting base 7, and the gear mounting base 7 and the first sensing gear 21 are sequentially sleeved on the first rotating shaft 1 along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 1.
[0032] Specifically, the gear mounting base 7 and the first sensing gear 21 are sequentially sleeved on the first rotating shaft 1 along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 1. That is, the gear mounting base 7 and the first sensing gear 21 are each sleeved on the first rotating shaft 1, and the gear mounting base 7 and the first sensing gear 21 are arranged along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 1. The first sensing gear 21 and the gear mounting base 7 rotate synchronously with the first rotating shaft 1, thereby improving the stability of the first sensing gear 21.
[0033] In another embodiment, the gear mounting base 7 and the second sensing gear 51 are sequentially sleeved on the second rotating shaft 4 along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft 4. The second sensing gear 51 and the gear mounting base 7 rotate synchronously with the second rotating shaft 4, thereby improving the stability of the second sensing gear 51.
[0034] In one embodiment, see further. Figure 3 The milling head positioning mechanism 100 also includes a gear plate mounting sleeve 8, which is mounted on the first rotating shaft 1, and the gear mounting seat 7 is mounted on the gear plate mounting sleeve 8.
[0035] Specifically, the gear mounting sleeve 8 is fitted onto the first rotating shaft 1, and the gear mounting seat 7 is fitted onto the first rotating shaft 1. Further, the gear mounting seat 7 is fitted onto the gear mounting sleeve 8. The gear mounting sleeve 8, the gear mounting seat 7, and the first sensing gear 21 rotate synchronously with the first rotating shaft 1, thereby improving the stability of the first sensing gear 21.
[0036] In another embodiment, the gear mounting sleeve 8 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 4, and the gear mounting seat 7 and the second sensing gear 51 are sequentially sleeved on the second rotating shaft 4 along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft 4. The gear mounting sleeve 8, the second sensing gear 51 and the gear mounting seat 7 rotate synchronously with the second rotating shaft 4, thereby improving the stability of the second sensing gear 51.
[0037] In one embodiment, the first target tangent plane of the first sensing gear 21 is parallel to the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22, and the first target tangent plane is the tangent plane of the first sensing gear 21 that is closest to the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22.
[0038] Specifically, the tangent plane closest to the sensing surface 221 of the first sensing gear 21 is defined as the first target tangent plane, and the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22 is parallel to the first target tangent plane.
[0039] The sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22 does not contact the side of the first sensing gear 21, and the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22 faces the first target cutting plane, so that the sensor in the first reading head 22 generates a stable pulse, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.
[0040] In another embodiment, the second target tangent plane of the second sensing gear 51 is parallel to the sensing surface of the second reading head 52. The second target tangent plane is the tangent plane with the smallest distance between the second sensing gear 51 and the sensing surface of the second reading head 52. The sensing surface of the second reading head 52 does not contact the side of the second sensing gear 51. The sensing surface of the second reading head 52 faces the second target tangent plane, so that the sensor in the second reading head 52 generates a stable pulse, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.
[0041] In one embodiment, the first reading head 22 includes one of a magnetic sensor, an inductive sensor, or a photoelectric sensor. For example, when the first reading head 22 is a magnetic sensor, the first sensing gear 21 has uniformly distributed magnetic poles or magnetic marks. When the magnetic poles or magnetic marks pass through the first reading head 22, the magnetic encoder generates corresponding pulses. The rotational speed of the first rotating shaft 1 is obtained by measuring the number of pulses, thereby determining the rotation angle and corresponding position of the first rotating shaft 1.
[0042] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the first gear encoder 2 and the second gear encoder 5 use the same type of sensor. For example, in one embodiment, both the first gear encoder 2 and the second gear encoder 5 use magnetic sensors.
[0043] In one embodiment, the distance between the first sensing gear 21 and the first reading head 22 ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm.
[0044] Specifically, the interval between the first sensing gear 21 and the first reading head 22 is also the distance between the first target tangent plane of the first sensing gear 21 and the sensing surface 221 of the first reading head 22. This interval can be 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm or 0.2mm.
[0045] In another embodiment, the distance between the second sensing gear 51 and the second reading head 52 is in the range of 0.15mm to 0.2mm. That is, the distance between the second target tangent plane of the second sensing gear 51 and the sensing surface 221 of the second reading head 52 is in the range of 0.15mm to 0.2mm. This distance can be 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm or 0.2mm.
[0046] This application also protects a milling head, which includes a milling head positioning mechanism 100 as described in any of the above claims, and also includes a motor and a tool clamping mechanism. The motor is connected to one end of a first rotating shaft 1 to drive the first rotating shaft 1 to rotate, and the tool clamping mechanism is mounted on the other end of the first rotating shaft 1.
[0047] Specifically, the motor drives the first rotating shaft 1 to rotate, and the first rotating shaft 1 drives the tool clamping mechanism to rotate. The first rotating shaft 1 can be the C-axis, and the second rotating shaft 4 can be the A-axis. The first gear encoder 2 measures the rotation amount of the first rotating shaft 1 and inputs the rotation amount into the system. The system then controls the motor drive to achieve small-angle cutting of the first rotating shaft 1 and improve the cutting accuracy of the milling head.
[0048] This application also protects a machine tool that includes any of the milling heads described above. The machine tool may be a CNC machine tool, a combination machine tool, or a milling machine, etc. This application does not limit the type of machine tool.
[0049] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A milling head positioning mechanism, characterized in that, include: First rotating axis; The first gear encoder includes a first sensing gear and a first reading head, wherein the first sensing gear is sleeved on the first rotating shaft; A first fixed base is sleeved on the first rotating shaft, and a first reading head is disposed on the first fixed base with the sensing surface of the first reading head facing the first sensing gear for measuring the rotation amount of the first sensing gear. When the first rotating shaft rotates, the first fixed seat does not rotate with the first rotating shaft.
2. The milling head positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The milling head positioning mechanism further includes a first mounting plate and a first locking member. The first reading head is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate, and the first locking member locks the first mounting plate to the first fixed seat.
3. The milling head positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second rotating shaft, a second gear encoder, and a second fixed base. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are perpendicular in axis. The second sensing gear of the second gear encoder is sleeved on the second rotating shaft. The second reading head of the second gear encoder is fixed on the second fixed base and is used to measure the rotation of the second sensing gear.
4. The milling head positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gear mounting base, wherein the gear mounting base and the first sensing gear are sequentially sleeved on the first rotating shaft along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft.
5. The milling head positioning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a gear mounting sleeve, which is sleeved on the first rotating shaft, and the gear mounting seat is sleeved on the gear mounting sleeve.
6. The milling head positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first target tangent plane of the first sensing gear is parallel to the sensing surface of the first reading head, and the first target tangent plane is the tangent plane of the first sensing gear that is closest to the sensing surface of the first reading head.
7. The milling head positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reading head includes one of a magnetic sensor, an inductive sensor, or a photoelectric sensor.
8. The milling head positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first sensing gear and the first reading head ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm.
9. A milling head, characterized in that, The milling head includes the milling head positioning mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the milling head further includes a motor and a tool clamping mechanism, wherein the motor is connected to one end of the first rotating shaft to drive the first rotating shaft to rotate, and the tool clamping mechanism is installed at the other end of the first rotating shaft.
10. A machine tool, characterized in that, Includes the milling head as described in claim 9.