Lifting appliance and lifting equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a hoisting sling and hoisting equipment, including hoisting cylinder, slip column, limit hook plate, hoisting chain and swing hook, limit hook plate is rotatingly connected to the lower part of hoisting cylinder, slip column is slidingly connected to the lower part of hoisting cylinder, the periphery of slip column is provided with hook table, the periphery of slip column is slidingly sleeved with unhooking sleeve, and the swing hook is connected to the lower part of hoisting cylinder. A bottom bracket is arranged at the lower end of the sliding column, the middle of the swing lifting hook is hinged to the bottom bracket, the swing lifting hook can vertically swing and is hooked in a center hole of a lifted object, and the upper end of the swing lifting hook is connected with the lifting cylinder through a lifting chain. According to the lifting appliance provided by the utility model, two states of hooking limiting and unhooking separation can be formed by utilizing the limiting hook plate and the hook table, so that the swinging requirement of the swinging hook is met, a hoisted object with a central hole is automatically hoisted, the complexity of manual operation is eliminated, the convenience of operation is improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. And meanwhile, the hoisting efficiency is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lifting device structure technology, and more specifically, it relates to a lifting device and lifting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] When hoisting heavy objects, hooks are often used. Traditional hooks have the following problems: firstly, the object to be hoisted needs to be pre-attached with a lifting ring; secondly, in some dangerous situations where it is not suitable for operators to approach, it is difficult to hook and unhook the hook from the lifting ring when using an overhead crane to lift heavy objects.

[0003] For objects with a central hole, the aforementioned lifting method using lifting rings becomes even more difficult to implement. Some inventors have designed lifting devices with three swing arms based on the structure of the central hole of the heavy object. The three swing arms can swing vertically and enter the central hole. However, the above-mentioned lifting devices require manual swinging of the swing arms to the retracted state to hook onto the central hole. In addition, manual swinging of the swing arms to the retracted state is also required to remove the lifting device from the central hole. This also presents problems such as high hooking difficulty and poor operational safety, which seriously affects work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a lifting tool and lifting equipment that can automatically lift and unload objects with a central hole, simplifying the lifting operation and improving the lifting efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a lifting device is provided, including a lifting cylinder, a sliding column, a limiting hook plate, a lifting chain, and a swing hook. The upper part of the lifting cylinder is provided with a lifting ring connected to the hook. The limiting hook plate is rotatably connected to the lower part of the lifting cylinder. The sliding column is slidably connected to the lower part of the lifting cylinder. The outer periphery of the sliding column is provided with a hook platform that can be engaged with the limiting hook plate. The outer periphery of the sliding column is slidably fitted with a hook removal sleeve located below the hook platform. The hook removal sleeve has an upper guide surface that extends outward and upward. The lower end of the sliding column is provided with a bottom support that extends outward and can fall to the top of the object being lifted. The middle part of the swing hook is hinged to the bottom support and can swing vertically and hook into the center hole of the object being lifted. The upper end of the swing hook is connected to the lifting cylinder through the lifting chain.

[0006] When the bottom support is lowered to the top of the object being lifted, the limiting hook plate can move down with the lifting cylinder to below the hook removal sleeve; the limiting hook plate can also move up with the lifting cylinder and drive the hook removal sleeve to move up, and the upper guide surface can guide the limiting hook plate to swing outward to disengage from the hook platform, so that the swing hook can swing vertically under the pull of the lifting chain until it is hooked in the center hole.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the hook platform has a lower guide surface that extends outward and downward, and as the lifting cylinder moves downward, the limiting hook plate can move downward under the guidance of the lower guide surface and hook onto the hook platform.

[0008] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the sliding column is provided with a limiting ring that protrudes outward. The limiting ring is located between the hook sleeve and the bottom bracket and is used to limit the downward movement of the hook sleeve.

[0009] In some embodiments, a counterweight plate is provided on the outer side of the limiting hook plate. The counterweight plate is connected to the lower outer side of the limiting hook plate, and the plate surface of the counterweight plate is perpendicular to the plate surface of the limiting hook plate.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the hook sleeve protrudes outward from the hook platform, and the inner side of the limiting hook plate is provided with a guide surface that can contact the outer peripheral edge of the hook sleeve. The guide surface extends obliquely from top to bottom away from the axis of the lifting cylinder. When the limiting hook plate moves down with the lifting cylinder, the guide surface is used to guide the limiting hook plate to swing vertically and open outward.

[0011] In some embodiments, the top surface of the hook sleeve is provided with an inner groove for avoiding the hook platform.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the base bracket extends radially along the sliding column and has a vertically penetrating mounting cavity, into which the swing hook is rotatably connected via a horizontally extending pivot.

[0013] In one possible implementation, there are three lifting chains and three base brackets, with each pair of lifting chains and base brackets corresponding to one another. The three lifting chains are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the lifting cylinder, and the three base brackets are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the sliding column.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the lifting device also includes a controller and a pressure sensor located at the lower end of the swing hook. The pressure sensor is used to contact the inner wall of the object being lifted to obtain pressure parameters, and the controller is used to receive the pressure parameters transmitted by the pressure sensor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the lifting device provided in this application embodiment can form two states, hooking and unhooking, by using the limiting hook plate and the hook platform, thereby meeting the swinging requirements of the swing hook and realizing automatic lifting of objects with a center hole. This eliminates the tediousness of manual operation, improves the convenience of operation, and also improves the lifting efficiency.

[0016] This utility model also provides a lifting device, which includes an electric hoist and a lifting attachment. The electric hoist has a hook for hooking a lifting ring, and a vision sensor is provided below the electric hoist for detecting the position of the center hole of the object being lifted. The above-mentioned lifting device can automatically detect the position of the center hole of the object being lifted using the vision sensor, and then hook and lift the object using the lifting attachment, improving the convenience and efficiency of the lifting process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the initial state of the lifting device provided in this embodiment of the utility model (the limiting hook plate is in the limiting hook state).

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another state of the lifting device provided in an embodiment of this utility model (the limiting hook plate is in the process of unhooking and separating).

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lifting device in another state provided in an embodiment of this utility model (the limiting hook plate is in the process of unhooking and separating).

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device in the lifting state provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the lifting equipment in another angle during the hoisting process.

[0023] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0024] 1. Lifting cylinder; 11. Lifting ring; 2. Sliding column; 21. Hook platform; 22. Unhooking sleeve; 23. Base bracket; 231. Rotary shaft; 24. Limiting ring; 25. Inner groove; 3. Limiting hook plate; 31. Counterweight plate; 32. Guide surface; 4. Lifting chain; 5. Swinging hook; 6. Electric hoist; 61. Hook; 7. Vision sensor; 8. Lifted object; 81. Center hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a number" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 5 The lifting device and lifting equipment provided by this utility model are described below. The lifting device includes a lifting cylinder 1, a sliding column 2, a limiting hook plate 3, a lifting chain 4, and a swing hook 5. The upper part of the lifting cylinder 1 is provided with a lifting ring 11 connected to the hook 61. The limiting hook plate 3 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the lifting cylinder 1. The sliding column 2 is slidably connected to the lower part of the lifting cylinder 1. The outer periphery of the sliding column 2 is provided with a hook platform 21 that can be hooked with the limiting hook plate 3. The outer periphery of the sliding column 2 is slidably fitted with a hook removal sleeve 22 located below the hook platform 21. The hook removal sleeve 22 has an upper guide surface that extends outward and upward. The lower end of the sliding column 2 is provided with a bottom bracket 23 that extends outward and can fall to the top of the object being lifted 8. The middle part of the swing hook 5 is hinged to the bottom bracket 23, can swing vertically and hook into the center hole 81 of the object being lifted 8. The upper end of the swing hook 5 is connected to the lifting cylinder 1 through the lifting chain 4.

[0028] When the base bracket 23 falls to the top of the object 8 being lifted, the limiting hook plate 3 can move down with the lifting cylinder 1 to below the hook removal sleeve 22; the limiting hook plate 3 can also move up with the lifting cylinder 1 and drive the hook removal sleeve 22 to move up, and the upper guide surface can guide the limiting hook plate 3 to swing outward to disengage from the hook platform 21, so that the swing hook 5 can swing vertically under the pull of the lifting chain 4 until it is hooked in the center hole 81.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the lifting device provided in this embodiment can form two states: hooking and hooking separation, by using the limiting hook plate 3 and the hook platform 21. This satisfies the swinging requirements of the swing hook 5 and realizes automatic lifting of the object 8 with the center hole 81. It eliminates the tediousness of manual operation, improves the convenience of operation, and also improves the lifting efficiency.

[0030] It should be noted that in the free state (without being pulled by the lifting chain 4), the lower end of the swing hook 5 is retracted towards the axis of the sliding column 2. When it is pulled by the lifting chain 4, the swing hook 5 swings vertically, and its lower end opens outward and hooks into the center hole 81 of the object being lifted 8.

[0031] In addition, the central hole 81 of the object being lifted has a small upper opening and a large inner cavity, and the lower end of the swing hook 5 can be supported under the inner top wall of the inner cavity, so as to achieve effective lifting of the object being lifted 8.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 Before using the lifting equipment, first adjust the limit hook plate 3 to hook below the hook platform 21 (the limit hook plate 3 is in the hook-limited state). At this time, the lifting chain 4 is in a relaxed state, and the lower end of the swing hook 5 is in a retracted state. Next, please refer to... Figure 2 Move the lifting device above the center hole 81 of the object being lifted 8, and lower it to the bottom bracket 23 and place it on top of the object being lifted 8. At this time, the sliding column 2 remains unchanged in its vertical position, and the lifting cylinder 1 drives the limit hook plate 3 to continue to move down until it moves below the hook removal sleeve 22.

[0033] Please see below. Figure 3 The lifting cylinder 1 moves upward, causing the limiting hook plate 3 and the hook removal sleeve 22 to move upward synchronously until the hook removal sleeve 22 contacts the hook platform 21 and then stops moving upward. The swing hook 5 swings outward under the guidance of the upper guide surface and disengages from the hook platform 21 (the limiting hook plate 3 is in the hook removal separation state).

[0034] Finally, please see Figure 4 The lifting cylinder 1 can continue to move upward and tighten the lifting chain 4, thereby driving the swing hook 5 to swing vertically. The lower end of the swing hook 5 swings outward and is supported inward in the central hole 81, so as to achieve effective hooking with the object 8 being lifted.

[0035] After the object 8 is hoisted to the required position, the swing hook 5 needs to be removed from the central hole 81. The hoisting cylinder 1 is lowered to the bottom bracket 23 and placed on top of the object 8. At this time, the sliding column 2 remains in the same position. The hoisting cylinder 1 drives the limiting hook plate 3 to continue to move down until the limiting hook plate 3 moves below the hook platform 21. The limiting hook plate 3 is hooked below the hook platform 21. At this time, the hoisting chain 4 is in a relaxed state. Under its own weight, the lower end of the swing hook 5 gathers at the axis of the central hole 81, realizing the separation of the swing hook from the inner wall of the central hole 81. The hoisting cylinder 1 is continued to be lifted, and the swing hook 5 can be smoothly moved upward from the central hole 81, realizing the unloading of the object 8.

[0036] The aforementioned lifting device uses a swing hook 5 that is attached to the center hole 81 of the object being lifted 8. This lifting device is particularly convenient when the height of the object being lifted 8 is limited and a lifting ring 11 cannot be installed. The lifting device has a compact structure and requires minimal space for the object being lifted 8. It can automatically lift and lower the object being lifted 8, employing a purely mechanical structure to automatically hook and unhook the limiting hook plate 3. This makes it more flexible in its application, easily enabling the lifting and unloading of the object being lifted 8 even when operators cannot easily approach it.

[0037] In some possible implementations, the aforementioned feature hook platform 21 adopts, for example... Figures 1 to 5 The structure shown is provided. Please refer to it as well. Figures 1 to 5 The hook platform 21 has a lower guide surface that extends outward and downward. When the lifting cylinder 1 moves downward, the limiting hook plate 3 can move downward under the guidance of the lower guide surface and hook onto the hook platform 21.

[0038] In this embodiment, the lower guide surface of the hook platform 21 can guide the limiting hook plate 3 to swing outward and open, so that the lower end of the limiting hook plate 3 can hook onto the lower end surface of the hook platform 21. The axial position of the lifting cylinder 1 and the sliding column 2 can be locked without manual operation, preventing the lifting chain 4 from pulling the swing hook 5 outward and keeping the lower end of the swing hook 5 in a retracted state, so that it can smoothly enter the central hole 81 or move upward from the central hole 81.

[0039] In some embodiments, the aforementioned feature sliding column 2 can be adopted as follows: Figures 1 to 5 The structure shown is provided. Please refer to it as well. Figures 1 to 5 The sliding column 2 has a limiting ring 24 protruding outward around its outer periphery. The limiting ring 24 is located between the hook removal sleeve 22 and the bottom bracket 23, and is used to limit the downward movement of the hook removal sleeve 22. In order to avoid the downward movement of the hook removal sleeve 22 affecting the subsequent hook removal of the limiting hook plate 3, the limiting ring 24 is used to limit the hook removal sleeve 22, so that the limiting hook plate 3 can move smoothly downward under the action of the guide surface 32 to below the hook removal sleeve 22, and move upward under the action of the upper guide surface to disengage from the hook platform 21, thereby realizing the hook removal separation of the limiting hook plate 3.

[0040] In some embodiments, the aforementioned feature limiting hook plate 3 can be adopted as follows: Figures 1 to 5 The structure shown is provided. Please refer to it as well. Figures 1 to 5 A counterweight plate 31 is provided on the outer side of the limiting hook plate 3. The counterweight plate 31 is connected to the lower outer side of the limiting hook plate 3, and the plate surface of the counterweight plate 31 is set perpendicular to the plate surface of the limiting hook plate 3.

[0041] In this embodiment, the counterweight plate 31 is located on the lower outer side of the limiting hook plate 3, so that the limiting hook plate 3 tends to converge towards the central axis of the hoisting cylinder 1 under the action of gravity, thereby enabling it to be effectively hooked under the hook platform 21 and avoiding the problem of incomplete locking.

[0042] In some possible implementations, the aforementioned feature hook 22 adopts, for example... Figures 1 to 5 The structure shown is provided. Please refer to it as well. Figures 1 to 5 The hook sleeve 22 protrudes outward from the hook platform 21. The inner side of the limiting hook plate 3 is provided with a guide surface 32 that can contact the outer peripheral edge of the hook sleeve 22. The guide surface 32 extends obliquely from top to bottom away from the axis of the lifting cylinder 1. When the limiting hook plate 3 moves down with the lifting cylinder 1, the guide surface 32 is used to guide the limiting hook plate 3 to swing vertically and open outward.

[0043] In this embodiment, in order to successfully remove the hook during the upward movement of the limiting hook plate 3, the maximum outer diameter of the upper part of the hook removal sleeve 22 should be greater than the maximum outer diameter of the hook platform 21, so as to guide the limiting hook plate 3 to move upward and smoothly disengage from the hook platform 21, so that the limiting hook plate 3 can be successfully removed.

[0044] When the hoisting cylinder 1 moves the limiting hook plate 3 upward, the limiting hook plate 3 can swing outward to the maximum outer diameter of the hook removal sleeve 22 under the action of the upper guide surface. Since the hook platform 21 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the top of the hook removal sleeve 22, the limiting hook plate 3 can move upward smoothly to release the locking effect formed by the hook platform 21, thus achieving the purpose of successfully removing the hook. Then, the hoisting cylinder 1 can continue to move upward to drive the swing hook 5 to swing vertically until it is hooked in the center hole 81, thus completing the hoisting operation.

[0045] In some embodiments, the aforementioned feature hook platform 21 may adopt the following... Figures 1 to 5 The structure shown is provided. Please refer to it as well. Figures 1 to 5 The top surface of the hook removal sleeve 22 is provided with an inner groove 25 for avoiding the hook platform 21. The inner groove 25 provides clearance space for the hook platform 21, ensuring that the hook platform 21 can sink into the inner groove 25, avoiding interference with the limiting hook plate 3, and ensuring the smooth hook removal process of the limiting hook plate 3.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the aforementioned feature base bracket 23 adopts, for example... Figures 1 to 5The structure shown is provided. Please refer to it as well. Figures 1 to 5 The base bracket 23 extends radially along the sliding column 2 and has a vertically penetrating mounting cavity. The swing hook 5 is rotatably connected to the mounting cavity through a horizontally extending pivot 231.

[0047] In this embodiment, the base bracket 23 extends radially along the sliding column 2, allowing the swing hook 5 to be installed. When it falls above the center hole 81 of the suspended object 8, it also satisfies the requirement to limit the sliding column 2 from moving further downward, facilitating the smooth removal of the subsequent limiting hook plate 3.

[0048] The mounting cavity facilitates the installation of the rotating shaft 231 and the swing hook 5, meets the swing requirements of the swing hook 5, and enables the swing hook 5 to be hooked into or detached from the central hole 81.

[0049] In some possible implementations, the aforementioned lifting chain 4 and base bracket 23 adopt the following... Figures 1 to 5 The structure shown is provided. Please refer to it as well. Figures 1 to 5 There are three hoisting chains 4 and three base brackets 23 respectively. The three hoisting chains 4 and the three base brackets 23 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The three hoisting chains 4 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the hoisting cylinder 1, and the three base brackets 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sliding column 2.

[0050] In this embodiment, three lifting chains 4 and three base brackets 23 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, four or five chains can be provided as needed to meet the lifting requirements of objects 8 of different weights. Since the central hole 81 on the object 8 is circular, three swing hooks 5 are sufficient for reliable lifting, effectively preventing the object 8 from falling off.

[0051] Please refer to some possible implementation methods as well. Figures 1 to 5 The lifting device also includes a controller and a pressure sensor located at the lower end of the swing hook 5. The pressure sensor is used to contact the inner wall of the object being lifted 8 to obtain pressure parameters, and the controller is used to receive the pressure parameters transmitted by the pressure sensor.

[0052] In this embodiment, a pressure sensor installed at the lower end of the swing hook 5 is used to contact the inner wall of the object being lifted 8 (that is, the top wall of the cavity of the central hole 81), thereby detecting the force state of the swing hook 5 to determine whether the object being lifted 8 has been successfully lifted, making the lifting operation safer. The pressure sensor can send pressure parameters to the controller, which then determines the lifting status of the swing hook 5 during that period according to a preset program.

[0053] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a lifting device, which includes an electric hoist 6 and a lifting device. The electric hoist 6 has a hook 61 for hooking the lifting ring 11. A vision sensor 7 is provided below the electric hoist 6 for detecting the position of the center hole 81 of the object being lifted 8. The vision sensor 7 is used to cooperate with the electric hoist 6 and the lifting device to locate the object being lifted 8. The vision sensor 7 transmits visual parameters to the controller so that the controller can determine the alignment status of the center line of the lifting device with the center hole 81 of the object being lifted 8, and then adjusts to ensure that the two are effectively aligned, so that the swing hook 5 can be stably hooked in the center hole 81.

[0054] The aforementioned lifting equipment can automatically detect the position of the center hole 81 of the object being lifted 8 using the vision sensor 7, and use the lifting device to hook and lift the object 8 from the center hole 81, which improves the convenience of the lifting process and also increases the lifting efficiency.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lifting and spreading tool, characterized in that, The system includes a lifting cylinder (1), a sliding column (2), a limiting hook plate (3), a lifting chain (4), and a swing hook (5). The upper part of the lifting cylinder (1) is provided with a lifting ring (11) connected to the hook (61). The limiting hook plate (3) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the lifting cylinder (1). The sliding column (2) is slidably connected to the lower part of the lifting cylinder (1). The outer periphery of the sliding column (2) is provided with a hook platform (21) that can be hooked to the limiting hook plate (3). The outer periphery of the sliding column (2) is slidably sleeved with... The hook removal sleeve (22) is located below the hook platform (21). The hook removal sleeve (22) has an upper guide surface that extends outward and upward. The lower end of the sliding column (2) is provided with a bottom bracket (23) that extends outward and can fall to the top of the suspended object (8). The middle part of the swing hook (5) is hinged to the bottom bracket (23), and can swing vertically and hook into the center hole (81) of the suspended object (8). The upper end of the swing hook (5) is connected to the lifting cylinder (1) through the lifting chain (4). When the base bracket (23) falls to the top of the suspended object (8), the limiting hook plate (3) can move down with the lifting cylinder (1) to below the hook removal sleeve (22); the limiting hook plate (3) can also move up with the lifting cylinder (1) and drive the hook removal sleeve (22) to move up, and swing outward to disengage from the hook platform (21) under the guidance of the upper guide surface to remove the hook; when the limiting hook plate (3) is in the hook removal state, the swing hook (5) can swing vertically under the pulling action of the lifting chain (4) so ​​that the lower end of the swing hook (5) is hooked in the center hole (81).

2. The lifting and spreading tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hook platform (21) has a lower guide surface that extends outward and downward. When the hoisting cylinder (1) moves downward, the limiting hook plate (3) can move downward under the guidance of the lower guide surface and hook onto the hook platform (21).

3. The lifting and spreading tool as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the sliding column (2) is provided with a limiting ring (24) protruding outward. The limiting ring (24) is located between the hook sleeve (22) and the bottom bracket (23). The limiting ring (24) is used to limit the downward movement of the hook sleeve (22).

4. The lifting and spreading tool as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer side of the limiting hook plate (3) is provided with a counterweight plate (31), which is connected to the lower outer side of the limiting hook plate (3). The plate surface of the counterweight plate (31) is perpendicular to the plate surface of the limiting hook plate (3).

5. The lifting and spreading tool as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The hook sleeve (22) protrudes outward from the hook platform (21). The inner side of the limiting hook plate (3) is provided with a guide surface (32) that can contact the outer peripheral edge of the hook sleeve (22). The guide surface (32) extends obliquely from top to bottom away from the axis of the hoisting cylinder (1). When the limiting hook plate (3) moves down with the hoisting cylinder (1), the guide surface (32) is used to guide the limiting hook plate (3) to swing vertically and open outward.

6. The lifting and spreading tool as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The top surface of the hook sleeve (22) is provided with an inner groove (25) for avoiding the hook platform (21).

7. The lifting and spreading tool as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The base bracket (23) extends radially along the sliding column (2), and the base bracket (23) has a vertically penetrating mounting cavity. The swing hook (5) is rotatably connected to the mounting cavity via a horizontally extending pivot (231).

8. The lifting and spreading tool as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The hoisting chain (4) and the base bracket (23) are provided in threes respectively. The three hoisting chains (4) and the three base brackets (23) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The three hoisting chains (4) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the hoisting cylinder (1), and the three base brackets (23) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sliding column (2).

9. The lifting and spreading tool as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The lifting device also includes a controller and a pressure sensor located at the lower end of the swing hook (5). The pressure sensor is used to contact the inner wall of the object being lifted (8) to obtain pressure parameters, and the controller is used to receive the pressure parameters transmitted by the pressure sensor.

10. Lifting equipment, characterized in that, The lifting equipment includes an electric hoist (6) and a lifting device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the electric hoist (6) has a hook (61) for hooking the lifting ring (11), and a vision sensor (7) is provided below the electric hoist (6) for detecting the position of the center hole (81) of the object being lifted (8).

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