Hydrate solid hydrogen storage equipment and control system

Abstract

The utility model relates to hydrate solid hydrogen storage equipment and a control system, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen solid storage. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage equipment comprises a tank body, a porous carbon medium material arranged on the inner side of the tank body and used for generating hydrogen hydrate, a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline arranged on the tank body, a hydrogen diffusion pipeline connected with the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline and arranged on the inner side of the tank body, and a heat exchange mechanism connected with the tank body, wherein the hydrogen diffusion pipeline is used for diffusing hydrogen in the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline to the porous carbon medium material; and the heat exchange mechanism is used for maintaining a set temperature for the hydrogen hydrate generated by the porous carbon medium material. The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems of low efficiency, poor stability, poor durability, possibly low hydrogen storage capacity, long hydrogen adsorption time, slow hydrogen release rate and the like in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen solid-state storage technology, and in particular to a hydrate solid-state hydrogen storage device and control system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology and the progress of society, hydrogen energy, with its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and renewable characteristics, is regarded as one of the main directions for solving the energy crisis in the future. However, the storage and transportation of hydrogen has always been a key issue restricting its application. Traditional hydrogen storage methods have safety hazards and low storage efficiency.

[0003] Hydrate hydrogen storage technology is a novel solid-state hydrogen storage technology. The principle is that water molecules form a cage to encapsulate and protect hydrogen molecules, thereby achieving hydrogen storage. It has advantages such as high hydrogen purity, rapid dehydrogenation, and high safety.

[0004] Due to the nature of hydrate formation, existing hydrogen storage equipment for hydrates suffers from problems such as small hydrogen storage capacity, small scale, and uneven heat exchange.

[0005] The current main solution is to combine hydrate solid-state hydrogen storage with physical adsorption hydrogen storage. This increases the hydrogen storage capacity to some extent, but due to heat exchange limitations, the total hydrogen storage capacity of the equipment still cannot meet the needs of large-scale use.

[0006] The existing technology has at least the following technical defects:

[0007] 1. Reaction rate limitation: The adsorption / desorption reaction rate in hydrate hydrogen storage methods is usually slow, resulting in low efficiency in hydrogen storage and release.

[0008] 2. Cyclic stability: Solid hydrogen storage may experience structural damage or deactivation after multiple adsorption / release cycles, affecting the stability and durability of the hydrogen storage system;

[0009] 3. Hydrogen storage capacity limitation: The hydrogen storage capacity of some hydrates may be low, and it is necessary to further increase the hydrogen storage density of hydrates;

[0010] 4. Heat exchange efficiency: The adsorption and release of hydrogen in solid-state hydrogen storage are controlled by temperature. Generally, the time for hydrogen adsorption is relatively long, and the rate of hydrogen release is relatively slow. Utility Model Content

[0011] This disclosure presents a technical solution for a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device and control system.

[0012] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device is provided, comprising: a tank and a porous carbon medium material for generating hydrogen hydrate inside the tank, characterized in that it further comprises: a hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe disposed in the tank, a hydrogen diffusion pipe connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe and inside the tank, and a heat exchange mechanism connected to the tank.

[0013] The hydrogen diffusion pipe is used to diffuse hydrogen into and out of the pipe and into the porous carbon medium material; the heat exchange mechanism is used to maintain a set temperature for the formation of hydrogen hydrates in the porous carbon medium material.

[0014] Preferably, the heat exchange mechanism includes: a heat exchange inlet pipe, a heat exchange outlet pipe, and a heat exchange pipe disposed inside the tank; both ends of the heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe and the heat exchange outlet pipe; wherein, the heat exchange pipe is used to maintain a set temperature for the generation of hydrogen hydrates from the porous carbon medium material.

[0015] Preferably, the heat exchange pipe is configured as a multi-pass U-shaped coil; one end of the multi-pass U-shaped coil is connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe, and the other end of the multi-pass U-shaped coil is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the heat exchange mechanism further includes: a main heat exchange outlet pipe and a main heat exchange inlet pipe; the heat exchange inlet pipe is connected to one end of the heat exchange pipe through the main heat exchange inlet pipe; the heat exchange outlet pipe is connected to the other end of the heat exchange pipe through the main heat exchange outlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes: an internal support truss disposed inside the tank body; wherein the internal support truss is connected to the hydrogen diffusion pipe and the heat exchange pipe of the heat exchange mechanism respectively, and is used to support the hydrogen diffusion pipe and the heat exchange pipe of the heat exchange mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the hydrogen diffusion pipe includes: a plurality of diffusion structures of different shapes connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe; wherein, a plurality of gas inlets are provided on the pipe corresponding to the diffusion structure.

[0019] Preferably, the plurality of diffusion structures of different shapes include: annular diffusion structures and straight diffusion structures; wherein, the pipes corresponding to the annular diffusion structures and straight diffusion structures are provided with a plurality of air inlets.

[0020] Preferably, the annular diffusion structure is configured as an annular pipe that is perpendicular / approximately perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank or parallel / approximately parallel to the radial direction of the tank and has a similar shape to the tank.

[0021] Preferably, the straight diffusion structure is configured as a straight pipe that is parallel or approximately parallel to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe.

[0022] Preferably, the number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes is configured to be multiple; wherein, the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes are respectively arranged on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body.

[0023] Preferably, the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes connected to the inner side of the tank are distributed on the tank at equal intervals or according to a set interval.

[0024] Preferably, the number of the plurality of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes disposed on the tank body and communicating with the inner side of the tank body is configured as three; wherein, the three hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes include: a left inlet / outlet hydrogen pipe, a middle inlet / outlet hydrogen pipe and a right inlet / outlet hydrogen pipe.

[0025] Preferably, the outer side of the tank is provided with a tank insulation shell; wherein, the tank insulation shell is used to insulate the tank to further maintain the set temperature.

[0026] Preferably, the material of the tank insulation shell provided on the outside of the tank is polyurethane foam and / or insulation cotton.

[0027] Preferably, a pressure-bearing outer shell is provided on the inner side of the tank; the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell.

[0028] Preferably, a hydrogen-blocking coating is provided on one or both sides of the pressure-bearing outer shell disposed inside the tank.

[0029] Preferably, the hydrogen-barrier coating disposed on one or both sides of the pressure-bearing outer shell inside the tank is configured as cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol.

[0030] Preferably, the tank body is further provided with a support frame for supporting the tank body.

[0031] Preferably, the support frame for supporting the tank includes: a first support frame, a second support frame, and a third support frame.

[0032] Preferably, the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines are equipped with corresponding flanges, and the flanges are connected to hydrogen supply equipment or hydrogen demand equipment via valves.

[0033] Preferably, the porous carbon medium material is configured as multi-walled carbon nanotubes and other carbon materials at a set concentration; wherein, the other carbon materials are configured as activated carbon, single-walled carbon nanotubes, or one or more of multi-walled carbon nanotubes at a lower concentration than the set concentration.

[0034] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a control system is provided for use in the initial hydrogen refueling phase, comprising: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller;

[0035] The heat exchange mechanism is connected to the refrigeration unit via a heat exchange valve. The tank is also equipped with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank. The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the opening of the heat exchange valve and the start of the refrigeration unit according to the first control command corresponding to the first hydrogen refueling. The controller is also used to control the opening or closing of the valves in the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipelines according to the corresponding temperature and pre-cooling temperature in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank, and the corresponding pressure and safety pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank.

[0036] Preferably, the controller includes: a memory and a processor connected to the memory; wherein, the memory is used to pre-store the values ​​corresponding to the precooling temperature and the safety pressure; the processor is used to control the valves installed in the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline to open or close according to the corresponding temperature and precooling temperature in the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or inside the tank, / the corresponding pressure and safety pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or inside the tank.

[0037] Preferably, it further includes: a timer or a timer built into the controller or a processor of the controller having a timing component; wherein, the timer or the processor of the controller is used to start timing after the valve installed in the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline is closed; wherein, the controller or the processor of the controller is used to maintain the pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or the inside of the tank below the safety pressure and maintain the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or the inside of the tank at the pre-cooling temperature after the timing time reaches a first set time.

[0038] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a control system is provided for use in a secondary hydrogen refueling stage, comprising: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller; wherein the number of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes is configured to be multiple; each of the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes is further provided with a hydrogen concentration sensor for detecting the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank; the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected to the controller; wherein the controller is used to determine the opening or corresponding opening degree of the valves in the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes based on the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank and a preset hydrogen concentration.

[0039] Preferably, the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the controller; wherein, the controller is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank within a first set temperature range; the controller is also used to control the valves corresponding to the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes to close according to the corresponding pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank and the first set pressure.

[0040] Preferably, the controller includes: a memory and a processor connected to the memory; wherein, the memory is used to pre-store values ​​corresponding to the first set temperature range and the first set pressure; the processor is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or inside the tank within the first set temperature range; the processor is also used to control the valves corresponding to multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes to close according to the corresponding pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or inside the tank and the first set pressure; the processor is also used to determine the opening or corresponding opening degree of the valves in the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes based on the hydrogen concentration at different positions inside the tank and a preset hydrogen concentration.

[0041] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a control system is provided for use in an internal reaction stage, comprising: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller; the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the controller; wherein the controller is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank at a first set temperature; the controller is also used to maintain the corresponding pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank at a safe pressure.

[0042] Preferably, the controller includes: a memory and a processor connected to the memory; wherein, the memory is used to pre-store values ​​corresponding to the first set temperature and the safety pressure; the processor is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or inside the tank at the first set temperature; the processor is also used to maintain the corresponding pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or inside the tank at the safety pressure.

[0043] Preferably, it further includes: a timer or a built-in timer of the controller or a processor of the controller having a timing component; wherein, the timer or the processor of the controller is used to time the internal reaction stage; wherein, the controller or the processor of the controller is used to indicate that hydrogen storage is complete after the timing time reaches a second set time.

[0044] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a control system is provided for use in the hydrogen storage stage, comprising: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller; the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor is connected to the controller; wherein the controller is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank within a second set temperature or a second set temperature range corresponding to temperature fluctuations.

[0045] Preferably, the controller includes: a memory and a processor connected to the memory; wherein, the memory is used to pre-store values ​​corresponding to a second set temperature range corresponding to a second set temperature or temperature fluctuation; the processor is used to maintain the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or the inside of the tank within the second set temperature range corresponding to the second set temperature or temperature fluctuation.

[0046] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a control system is provided for use in a hydrogen release phase, comprising: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller; the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the controller; wherein, the controller is configured to control the valves corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes to open according to a second control command corresponding to hydrogen release; the controller is further configured to control the heat exchange mechanism to reduce the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank to a third set temperature; the controller is further configured to maintain the pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon media material is located or inside the tank greater than or equal to the second set pressure during hydrogen release.

[0047] Preferably, the number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes is configured to be multiple; each of the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes is also equipped with a hydrogen concentration sensor for detecting the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank; the hydrogen concentration sensor is connected to the controller; wherein, the controller is used to determine whether the valves in the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes are open or closed, or the corresponding opening degree, based on the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank and a preset hydrogen concentration during the hydrogen release process.

[0048] Preferably, the controller includes: a memory and a processor connected to the memory; wherein, the memory is used to pre-store one or more values ​​corresponding to a third set temperature, a second set pressure, and a preset hydrogen concentration; the processor is used to control the heat exchange mechanism to reduce the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or the interior of the tank to the third set temperature; the processor is also used to maintain the pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or the interior of the tank greater than or equal to the second set pressure during hydrogen release; the processor is also used to determine the opening or closing of valves or their corresponding opening degrees in multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes based on the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank and the preset hydrogen concentration during hydrogen release.

[0049] Preferably, the controller or its processor is configured to control the valves corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes to close according to a third control command corresponding to the end of the hydrogen release process; the controller or its processor is configured to control the heat exchange mechanism to adjust the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or the inside of the tank to a fourth set temperature; the controller or its processor is configured to maintain the pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material is located or the inside of the tank at a third set pressure.

[0050] In the embodiments of this disclosure, a technical solution for a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device and control system is proposed to solve at least one of the following technical problems in the prior art: low efficiency in hydrogen storage and release, poor stability and durability of hydrogen storage system (equipment), potentially low hydrogen storage capacity, long hydrogen adsorption time, and slow hydrogen release rate.

[0051] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0052] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0053] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0055] Figure 2 This diagram shows the location of the heat exchange pipes in a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0057] Figure 4 This illustrates an embodiment according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 A magnified view of the truss structure and heat exchange coil at point B;

[0058] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen diffusion pipeline in a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0059] Figure 6 A block diagram corresponding to a control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0061] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0062] In this document, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, the term "at least one" in this document means any combination of at least two of any one or more elements. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C can mean including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0063] Furthermore, to better illustrate this disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this disclosure.

[0064] It is understood that the various embodiments mentioned above in this disclosure can be combined with each other to form combined embodiments without violating the principle and logic. Due to space limitations, this disclosure will not elaborate further.

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2This diagram shows the location of the heat exchange pipes in a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the hydrate solid hydrogen storage device includes: a tank and a porous carbon medium material 11 for generating hydrogen hydrate on the inside of the tank, a hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 disposed on the tank, a hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 and located on the inside of the tank, and a heat exchange mechanism connected to the tank; wherein, the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 is used to diffuse hydrogen in the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 to the porous carbon medium material 11; the heat exchange mechanism is used to maintain a set temperature for the generation of hydrogen hydrate on the porous carbon medium material 11.

[0066] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the heat exchange mechanism includes: a heat exchange inlet pipe 5, a heat exchange outlet pipe 6, and a heat exchange pipe 7 disposed inside the tank; the two ends of the heat exchange pipe 7 are respectively connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6; wherein, the heat exchange pipe 7 is used to maintain a set temperature for the generation of hydrogen hydrates from the porous carbon medium material 11.

[0067] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the heat exchange pipe 7 is configured as a multi-pass U-shaped coil; one end of the multi-pass U-shaped coil is connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe 5, and the other end of the multi-pass U-shaped coil is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe 6.

[0068] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the heat exchange mechanism further includes: a main heat exchange outlet pipe and a main heat exchange inlet pipe; the heat exchange inlet 5 is connected to one end of the heat exchange pipe 7 through the main heat exchange inlet pipe; the heat exchange outlet 6 is connected to the other end of the heat exchange pipe 7 through the main heat exchange outlet pipe.

[0069] Figure 4 This illustrates an embodiment according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 A magnified view of the truss structure and heat exchange coil at point B. Figure 4 As shown, in the embodiments of this disclosure, it further includes: an internal support truss 14 disposed inside the tank body; wherein the internal support truss 14 is connected to the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 and the heat exchange pipe 7 of the heat exchange mechanism respectively, and is used to support the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 and the heat exchange pipe 7 of the heat exchange mechanism.

[0070] In embodiments of this disclosure, the number of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 is configured to be multiple; wherein, the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 are respectively disposed on the tank body and communicate with the inner side of the tank body.

[0071] In embodiments of this disclosure, a plurality of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes 3 connected to the inner side of the tank are distributed on the tank at equal intervals or at a set interval.

[0072] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the number of the plurality of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 disposed on the tank body and communicating with the inner side of the tank body is configured as three; wherein, the three hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 include: a left hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3.1, a middle hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3.2, and a right hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3.3.

[0073] In the embodiments of this disclosure, a tank insulation shell 2 is provided on the outside of the tank body; wherein, the tank insulation shell 2 is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature; wherein, the material of the tank insulation shell 2 provided on the outside of the tank body is polyurethane foam and / or insulation cotton.

[0074] In the embodiments of this disclosure, a pressure-bearing outer shell 4 is provided on the inner side of the tank; the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material 11 are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell 4. A hydrogen-barrier coating 15 is provided on one or both sides of the pressure-bearing outer shell 4 inside the tank; the material of the hydrogen-barrier coating 15 on one or both sides of the pressure-bearing outer shell 4 inside the tank is cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol.

[0075] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the tank body is further provided with a support frame 1 for supporting the tank body; wherein, the support frame 1 for supporting the tank body includes: a first support frame 1.1, a second support frame 1.2, and a third support frame 1.3.

[0076] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 3 is provided with a corresponding flange 9, and the flange 9 is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment 18 through the valve 10.

[0077] In embodiments of this disclosure, the porous carbon medium material 11 is configured as multi-walled carbon nanotubes and other carbon materials at a set concentration; wherein, the other carbon materials are configured as activated carbon, single-walled carbon nanotubes, or one or more of multi-walled carbon nanotubes at a lower concentration than the set concentration.

[0078] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the hydrogen diffusion pipeline in a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 As shown in the embodiments of this disclosure, the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 includes: a plurality of diffusion structures of different shapes connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3; wherein, a plurality of gas inlets 8.3 are provided on the pipes corresponding to the diffusion structures.

[0079] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the plurality of diffusion structures of different shapes include: annular diffusion structure 8.1 and straight diffusion structure 8.2; wherein, the pipes corresponding to the annular diffusion structure 8.1 and the straight diffusion structure 8.2 are provided with a plurality of air inlets 8.3.

[0080] In embodiments of this disclosure, the annular diffusion structure 8.1 is configured as an annular pipe that is perpendicular / approximately perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank or parallel / approximately parallel to the radial direction of the tank and has a similar shape to the tank; and / or, the straight diffusion structure 8.2 is configured as a straight pipe that is parallel / approximately parallel to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3.

[0081] In the embodiments and other possible embodiments disclosed herein, the hydrate solid hydrogen storage device includes: a first support frame 1.1, a second support frame 1.2, and a third support frame 1.3. The support frame 1 supports and connects to the tank insulation shell 2 and a pressure-bearing shell 4 disposed within the tank insulation shell 2. The support frame 1, the tank insulation shell 2, and the pressure-bearing shell 4 are detachable structures. The pressure-bearing shell 4 has a hydrogen-blocking coating 15 inside.

[0082] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the A-side (one end face) of the pressure-bearing shell 4 is connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6. The heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6 are made of steel and penetrate through the A-side (one end face) of the pressure-bearing shell 4. The heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6 are connected to the heat exchange pipe 7 inside the pressure-bearing shell 4.

[0083] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6 are respectively connected to the heat exchange main outlet pipe and the heat exchange main inlet pipe; the heat exchange water enters the heat exchange main inlet pipe from the heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6, and then enters the heat exchange pipe 7 for heat exchange.

[0084] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the heat exchange pipe 7 is configured as a multi-pass U-shaped coil, and the heat exchange water in the heat exchange pipe 7 is collected into the main heat exchange water inlet pipe after the heat exchange is completed.

[0085] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, there are three or more hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3, which are arranged at equal intervals, namely the left hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3.1, the middle hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3.2, and the right hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3.3.

[0086] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 is located above the pressure-bearing outer shell 4 and the tank insulation outer shell 2, and penetrates through the pressure-bearing outer shell 4 and the tank insulation outer shell 2.

[0087] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 is connected to the gas diffusion pipe 8 inside the pressure-bearing shell 4; the right inlet / outlet hydrogen pipe 3.3, the left inlet / outlet hydrogen pipe 3.1, and the middle inlet / outlet hydrogen pipe 3.2 corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 are respectively provided with three corresponding flanges 9, and the three flanges 9 are respectively connected to valves 10.

[0088] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, a hydrogen flow meter is provided on the pipeline connected to the valve 10, and the valve 10 may be configured as a solenoid valve; the valve 10 is externally connected to a hydrogen supply device or a hydrogen demand device 18.

[0089] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 is divided into an annular diffusion structure 8.1 and a straight diffusion structure 8.2. Both the annular diffusion structure 8.1 and the straight heat exchange structure 8.2 are provided with a large number of gas guide ports 8.3, which are evenly arranged on the hydrogen diffusion pipe. Hydrogen is evenly diffused from the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 into the porous carbon medium material 11 inside the pressure-bearing protective shell 4.

[0090] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the porous carbon medium material 11 fills the interior of the pressure-bearing protective shell 4, and hydrogen hydrate is generated in the porous carbon medium material 11 to achieve hydrogen storage.

[0091] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the porous carbon media material 11 contains pre-added water and a thermodynamic promoter for promoting the formation of hydrogen hydrates; the main component of the porous carbon media material 11 is a combination of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a purity of 95% and other carbon materials; for example, the other carbon materials may be activated carbon, single-walled carbon nanotubes, or multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a purity of less than 90%.

[0092] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the hydrogen barrier coating 15 is located between the porous carbon medium material 11 and the pressure-bearing shell 4, and is attached to the inner surface of the pressure-bearing shell 4; wherein, the main component of the hydrogen barrier coating 15 is cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the coating thickness is 2-3 mm.

[0093] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 and the heat exchange pipe 7 both have internal support trusses 14; there are three internal support trusses 14 in total; the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8, the heat exchange pipe 7, and the support trusses 14 are all wrapped with porous carbon media material 11, and all three have the function of supporting the porous carbon media material 11 and shaping it.

[0094] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, by using a multi-flow U-shaped coil in the hydrate hydrogen storage equipment, the heat exchange area is increased, the heat exchange thermal resistance between the coil and the hydrogen storage material is reduced, the formation of hydrogen hydrate and hydrogen adsorption are promoted, the generation and decomposition rate of hydrogen hydrate is accelerated, and the porous carbon medium material 11 is promoted to adsorb or release hydrogen, thus solving the problem of low hydrogen release and storage efficiency of traditional equipment.

[0095] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the large-scale mass transfer scheme of the hydrate hydrogen storage device controls the hydrogen concentration in the adsorbent material through three (or more) hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes 3, so that the hydrogen concentration in the porous carbon medium material 11 is uniform, which is conducive to the full utilization of the porous material.

[0096] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the multi-pass U-shaped coil (multi-pass U-shaped coil) increases or decreases the number of passes according to the size of the tank to achieve the maximum heat exchange effect, so that the equipment can be scaled up or down according to actual needs for hydrogen storage capacity.

[0097] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the porous design of the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 combined with the annular straight design achieves a sufficient hydrogen diffusion effect, and the hydrogen hydrate inside the porous carbon material 11 is evenly distributed, increasing the utilization efficiency of the porous carbon medium material 11.

[0098] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the porous carbon media material 11 has the advantages of high porosity and high specific surface area, providing attachment sites for hydrogen hydrates while adsorbing a large amount of hydrogen internally, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage capacity of the equipment.

[0099] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the hydrogen barrier coating 15 on the pressure-bearing housing 4 suppresses the hydrogen embrittlement effect of hydrogen on the pressure-bearing metal housing, improves the reliability of the pressure-bearing housing, and enhances the safety of the equipment.

[0100] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the internal support truss 14 supports the forming of the porous carbon medium material 11, the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8, and the heat exchange pipe 7. The heat exchange structure and the mass transfer structure are interlocked to improve the efficiency of use.

[0101] Figure 6 A block diagram corresponding to a control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. For example... Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the carbon medium material 11 provides attachment sites for hydrogen hydrates and adsorbs hydrogen; the porous carbon medium material 11 has a built-in temperature sensor 12, pressure sensor 13, and hydrogen concentration sensor 16, and can monitor the internal state of the tank through a controller 17; wherein, the controller 17 can be configured as a computer.

[0102] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the heat exchange pipe 7 is mainly made of copper, which is not easily embrittled by hydrogen, and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange pipe 7 is water during heat exchange; the temperature of the heat exchange water in the heat exchange pipe 7 is controlled to a preset temperature of 0°C; the pressure-bearing shell 4 is designed with a preset pressure of 12MPa.

[0103] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the main components of the tank insulation shell 2 are polyurethane foam and insulation cotton.

[0104] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6 are externally connected to heat exchange valves and refrigeration units; wherein, the heat exchange valves include: a first valve 19 and a second valve 20; the heat exchange inlet pipe 5 is connected to the refrigeration unit 21 through the first valve 19, and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6 is connected to the refrigeration unit 21 through the second valve 20.

[0105] An embodiment of this disclosure also proposes a control system, including the above-mentioned hydrogen hydrate storage device and controller 17, which are applied to the first hydrogen refueling stage, the second hydrogen refueling stage, the internal reaction stage, the hydrogen storage stage, and the hydrogen release stage when storing and releasing hydrogen.

[0106] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the controller 17 may be configured as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), microcontrollers, single-chip microcomputers, programmable logic units (PLCs), microprocessors, etc. For example, the controller 17 may be configured as a single-chip microcomputer corresponding to the STC89751 model.

[0107] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the controller 17 includes: a memory 17.1 and a processor 17.2 connected to the memory 17.1. The memory 17.1 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0108] In embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the controller 17 may also operate on an operating system stored in memory 103, such as Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, FreeBSD™, or similar.

[0109] The control system proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure is applied in the initial hydrogen refueling stage (control system for the initial hydrogen refueling stage), including: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller 17; wherein the heat exchange mechanism is connected to the refrigeration unit 21 through a heat exchange valve; the tank is also provided with a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 13 for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material 11 is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are connected to the controller 17; wherein the controller 17 is used to control the opening of the heat exchange valve and the start of the refrigeration unit 21 according to the first control command corresponding to the initial hydrogen refueling; the controller 17 is also used to control the opening or closing of the valve 10 provided in the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 3 according to the corresponding temperature and pre-cooling temperature in the space where the porous carbon media material 11 is located or inside the tank / the corresponding pressure and safety pressure in the space where the porous carbon media material 11 is located or inside the tank.

[0110] In an embodiment of this disclosure, the controller 17 includes: a memory 17.1 and a processor 17.2 connected to the memory 17.1; wherein, the memory 17.1 is used to pre-store the values ​​corresponding to the pre-cooling temperature and the safety pressure; the processor 17.2 is used to control the valve 10 provided in the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 3 to open or close according to the corresponding temperature and pre-cooling temperature in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank, / the corresponding pressure and safety pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank.

[0111] In embodiments of this disclosure, the system further includes: a timer or a built-in timer in the controller 17 or a processor 17.2 of the controller 17 having a timing component; wherein the timer or the processor 17.2 of the controller 17 is used to start timing after the valve 10 of the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline 3 is closed; wherein the controller 17 or the processor 17.2 of the controller 17 is used to maintain the pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank below the safety pressure and maintain the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank at the pre-cooling temperature after the timing time reaches a first set time.

[0112] In the embodiments disclosed herein and other possible embodiments, during the initial hydrogen refueling stage: the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 on the heat exchange inlet pipe 5 and the heat exchange outlet pipe 6 are opened, the external refrigeration unit 21 is started, and the porous carbon media material 11 in the hydrogen storage tank is pre-cooled, with the pre-cooling temperature set to 0°C; when the pre-cooling temperature is reached to approximately 0°C, the valve 10 on the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 is opened, and hydrogen diffuses from the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 through the hydrogen diffusion pipe 8 to the porous carbon media material 11; the carbon media material 11 contains pre-added water and... A thermodynamic promoter facilitates the formation of hydrogen hydrates, which are generated in a porous carbon medium material. Pressure sensor 13 and temperature sensor 12 detect the internal pressure and temperature of the tank. After reaching a safe pressure of 10 MPa at a pre-cooling temperature of around 0°C, the hydrogen supply is shut off, valve 10 is closed, and the tank waits for the first set time of approximately 10 minutes. After sufficient contact between the hydrogen and the porous carbon medium material 11, the hydrogen is adsorbed, and some hydrogen hydrates are generated. After the first filling and waiting period, the internal pressure of the equipment drops below the safe pressure of 10 MPa, and the temperature is maintained at around the pre-cooling temperature of 0°C.

[0113] The embodiments of this disclosure also propose a control system applied in the secondary hydrogen refueling stage (control system for the secondary hydrogen refueling stage), comprising: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller 17; wherein the number of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 is configured to be multiple; each of the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 is respectively provided with a hydrogen concentration sensor 16 for detecting the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank; the hydrogen concentration sensor 16 is connected to the controller 17; wherein the controller 17 is used to determine the opening or corresponding opening degree of the valves 10 in the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 based on the hydrogen concentration corresponding to different locations inside the tank and a preset hydrogen concentration.

[0114] In embodiments of this disclosure, the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 13 for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are connected to the controller 17; wherein, the controller 17 is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank within a first set temperature range; the controller 17 is also used to control the valves 10 corresponding to the plurality of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes 3 to close according to the corresponding pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank and the first set pressure.

[0115] In embodiments of this disclosure, the controller 17 includes: a memory 17.1 and a processor 17.2 connected to the memory 17.1; wherein, the memory 17.1 is used to pre-store the values ​​corresponding to the first set temperature range and the first set pressure; the processor 17.2 is used to maintain the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank within the first set temperature range; the processor 17.2 is also used to control the valves 10 corresponding to the plurality of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 to close according to the pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank and the first set pressure; the processor 17.2 is also used to determine the opening or corresponding opening degree of the valves 10 in the plurality of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 based on the hydrogen concentration corresponding to different positions inside the tank and the preset hydrogen concentration.

[0116] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, during the secondary hydrogen refueling stage: when injecting hydrogen, the hydrogen distribution inside the tank can be obtained through the hydrogen concentration sensor 16. For areas with low hydrogen concentrations (below the preset hydrogen concentration), the nearest hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 is selected, and the valve 10 is opened again for hydrogen injection. During the secondary hydrogen refueling, the internal pressure of the equipment is kept below the first set pressure of 11 MPa, and the temperature is maintained within the first set temperature range of -3°C to 5°C. When the internal pressure of the equipment approaches the first set pressure of 11 MPa or 10.8 MPa, hydrogen refueling is stopped, and the valve 10 is closed. After the secondary hydrogen refueling is completed, the internal reaction stage is carried out.

[0117] The embodiments of this disclosure also propose a control system applied in the internal reaction stage (control system for the internal reaction stage), comprising: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller 17; the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 13 for detecting the corresponding temperature and pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are connected to the controller 17; wherein, the controller 17 is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank at a first set temperature; the controller 17 is also used to maintain the corresponding pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank at a safe pressure.

[0118] In embodiments of this disclosure, the controller 17 includes: a memory 17.1 and a processor 17.2 connected to the memory 17.1; wherein, the memory 17.1 is used to pre-store values ​​corresponding to the first set temperature and the safe pressure; the processor 17.2 is used to maintain the corresponding temperature in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank at the first set temperature; the processor 17.2 is also used to maintain the corresponding pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or inside the tank at the safe pressure.

[0119] In embodiments of this disclosure, the device further includes: a timer or a built-in timer of the controller 17 or a processor 17.2 of the controller 17 having a timing component; wherein the timer or the processor 17.2 of the controller 17 is used to time the internal reaction phase; wherein the controller 17 or the processor 17.2 of the controller 17 is used to indicate that hydrogen storage is complete after the timing time reaches a second set time.

[0120] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the internal reaction stage is as follows: after secondary hydrogen refueling, the temperature inside the equipment is maintained at approximately -5°C (first set temperature), and the pressure is maintained at approximately 10 MPa (safe pressure) for a second set time of 30 minutes; after 30 minutes, hydrogen storage is completed.

[0121] The embodiments of this disclosure also propose a control system applied in the hydrogen storage stage (control system for hydrogen storage stage), including: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller 17; the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor 12 for detecting the temperature and pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank; the temperature sensor 12 is connected to the controller 17; wherein, the controller 17 is used to maintain the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank within a second set temperature or a second set temperature range corresponding to temperature fluctuations.

[0122] In embodiments of this disclosure, the controller 17 includes: a memory 17.1 and a processor 17.2 connected to the memory 17.1; wherein, the memory 17.1 is used to pre-store values ​​corresponding to a second set temperature range corresponding to a second set temperature or temperature fluctuation; the processor 17.2 is used to maintain the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank within the second set temperature range corresponding to the second set temperature or temperature fluctuation.

[0123] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, during the hydrogen storage stage: after the internal reaction stage is completed, the refrigeration equipment is adjusted to maintain the internal temperature of the equipment at around 0°C at the second set temperature, which can be stored for more than 180 days in a long period; during the storage process, attention is paid to indicators such as pressure and temperature inside the tank, and it is normal for the temperature to fluctuate within the second set temperature range of 2°C to 3°C within a short period of time (12 hours at the third set time).

[0124] The embodiments of this disclosure also propose a control system applied in the hydrogen release stage (control system for the hydrogen release stage), including: a hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described above; and a controller 17; the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 13 for detecting the temperature and pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon media material 11 is located or the inside of the tank; the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are connected to the controller 17; wherein, the controller 17 is used to control the valve 10 corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 to open according to the second control command corresponding to the hydrogen release; the controller 17 is also used to control the heat exchange mechanism to reduce the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon media material 11 is located or the inside of the tank to a third set temperature; the controller 17 is also used to maintain the pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon media material 11 is located or the inside of the tank to be greater than or equal to the second set pressure during the hydrogen release process.

[0125] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the number of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 is configured to be multiple; each of the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 is also provided with a hydrogen concentration sensor 16 for detecting the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank; the hydrogen concentration sensor 16 is connected to the controller 17; wherein, the controller 17 is used to determine whether the valves 10 in the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 are open or closed, or the corresponding opening degree, based on the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank and a preset hydrogen concentration during the hydrogen release process.

[0126] In embodiments of this disclosure, the controller 17 includes: a memory 17.1 and a processor 17.2 connected to the memory 17.1; wherein, the memory 17.1 is used to pre-store one or more values ​​corresponding to a third set temperature, a second set pressure, and a preset hydrogen concentration; the processor 17.2 is used to control the heat exchange mechanism to reduce the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the interior of the tank to the third set temperature; the processor 17.2 is also used to maintain the pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the interior of the tank greater than or equal to the second set pressure during hydrogen release; the processor 17.2 is also used to determine the opening or closing of valves 10 in multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes 3 or their corresponding opening degree based on the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank and the preset hydrogen concentration during hydrogen release.

[0127] In embodiments of this disclosure, the controller 17 or its processor 17.2 is configured to control the valve 10 corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 to close according to a third control command corresponding to the end of the hydrogen release process; the controller 17 or its processor 17.2 is configured to control the heat exchange mechanism to adjust the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank to a fourth set temperature; the controller 17 or its processor 17.2 is configured to maintain the pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material 11 is located or the inside of the tank at a third set pressure.

[0128] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, during the hydrogen release stage: when releasing hydrogen, first open the valve 10 located on the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3; then adjust the temperature of the refrigeration equipment to the third set temperature of 30°C, and hydrogen can be released; during the hydrogen release process, monitor indicators such as pressure and temperature inside the tank to ensure that the pressure inside the tank is not lower than the second set pressure of 2MPa; when releasing hydrogen, the left inlet / outlet pipe 3.1, the middle inlet / outlet pipe 3.2, and the right inlet / outlet pipe 3.3 corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3 can be opened simultaneously; when releasing hydrogen, try to keep the hydrogen concentration inside the tank uniform, which can be achieved by adjusting the valve opening / closing status of the left inlet / outlet pipe 3.1, the middle inlet / outlet pipe 3.2, and the right inlet / outlet pipe 3.3 corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe 3; after the hydrogen release process is completed, close the valve 10, adjust the temperature of the refrigeration equipment to about the fourth set temperature of 0°C, and under normal circumstances, the pressure inside the tank is lower than the third set pressure of 10MPa.

[0129] In the embodiments of this disclosure and other possible embodiments, the design pressure of the hydrate solid hydrogen storage device is 10 MPa, the operating temperature is about 0°C, the mass hydrogen storage density is 3wt% to 4wt%, the hydrogen storage capacity is 400 to 700 kg, and the hydrogen storage time is more than 180 days.

[0130] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrate solid hydrogen storage device, comprising: The tank body and the porous carbon medium material (11) for generating hydrogen hydrate inside the tank body are characterized in that they further include: a hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (3) disposed in the tank body, a hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (3) and inside the tank body, and a heat exchange mechanism connected to the tank body. The hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) is used to diffuse the hydrogen in the inlet and outlet pipe (3) to the porous carbon medium material (11); the heat exchange mechanism is used to maintain a set temperature for the generation of hydrogen hydrate in the porous carbon medium material (11).

2. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange mechanism includes: a heat exchange inlet pipe (5), a heat exchange outlet pipe (6), and a heat exchange pipe (7) disposed inside the tank; the two ends of the heat exchange pipe (7) are respectively connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe (5) and the heat exchange outlet pipe (6); wherein, the heat exchange pipe (7) is used to maintain a set temperature for generating hydrogen hydrate for the porous carbon medium material (11).

3. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange pipe (7) is configured as a multi-pass U-shaped coil; one end of the multi-pass U-shaped coil is connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe (5), and the other end of the multi-pass U-shaped coil is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe (6).

4. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, The heat exchange mechanism further includes: a main heat exchange outlet pipe and a main heat exchange inlet pipe; the heat exchange inlet pipe (5) is connected to one end of the heat exchange pipe (7) through the main heat exchange inlet pipe; the heat exchange outlet pipe (6) is connected to the other end of the heat exchange pipe (7) through the main heat exchange outlet pipe.

5. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Also includes: An internal support truss (14) is installed inside the tank body; wherein the internal support truss (14) is connected to the hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) and the heat exchange pipe (7) of the heat exchange mechanism, respectively, and is used to support the hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) and the heat exchange pipe (7) of the heat exchange mechanism.

6. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: An internal support truss (14) is installed inside the tank body; wherein the internal support truss (14) is connected to the hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) and the heat exchange pipe (7) of the heat exchange mechanism, respectively, and is used to support the hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) and the heat exchange pipe (7) of the heat exchange mechanism.

7. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-3 and 6, characterized in that, The hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) includes: multiple diffusion structures of different shapes connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (3); wherein, multiple gas inlets (8.3) are provided on the pipes corresponding to the diffusion structures.

8. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) includes: multiple diffusion structures of different shapes connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (3); wherein, multiple gas inlets (8.3) are provided on the pipes corresponding to the diffusion structures.

9. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hydrogen diffusion pipe (8) includes: multiple diffusion structures of different shapes connected to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (3); wherein, multiple gas inlets (8.3) are provided on the pipes corresponding to the diffusion structures.

10. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plurality of diffusion structures of different shapes include: annular diffusion structure (8.1) and straight diffusion structure (8.2); wherein, the pipes corresponding to the annular diffusion structure (8.1) and the straight diffusion structure (8.2) are provided with a plurality of air inlets (8.3).

11. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 8-9, characterized in that, The plurality of diffusion structures of different shapes include: annular diffusion structure (8.1) and straight diffusion structure (8.2); wherein, the pipes corresponding to the annular diffusion structure (8.1) and the straight diffusion structure (8.2) are provided with a plurality of air inlets (8.3).

12. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The annular diffusion structure (8.1) is configured as an annular pipe that is perpendicular / approximately perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank or parallel / approximately parallel to the radial direction of the tank and has a similar shape to the tank; and / or, the straight diffusion structure (8.2) is configured as a straight pipe that is parallel / approximately parallel to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (3).

13. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The annular diffusion structure (8.1) is configured as an annular pipe that is perpendicular / approximately perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank or parallel / approximately parallel to the radial direction of the tank and has a similar shape to the tank; and / or, the straight diffusion structure (8.2) is configured as a straight pipe that is parallel / approximately parallel to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipe (3).

14. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, 6, 8-10, 12, and 13, characterized in that, The number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) is configured to be multiple; wherein, the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) are respectively arranged on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body.

15. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) is configured to be multiple; wherein, the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) are respectively arranged on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body.

16. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) is configured to be multiple; wherein, the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) are respectively arranged on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body.

17. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) is configured to be multiple; wherein, the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) are respectively arranged on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body.

18. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) is configured to be multiple; wherein, the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) are respectively arranged on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body.

19. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) connected to the inner side of the tank are distributed on the tank at equal intervals or according to a set interval.

20. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 15-18, characterized in that, The multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) connected to the inner side of the tank are distributed on the tank at equal intervals or according to a set interval.

21. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The number of the plurality of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) provided on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body is configured as 3; wherein, the 3 hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) include: left inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.1), middle inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.2) and right inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.3).

22. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 15-19, characterized in that, The number of the plurality of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) provided on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body is configured as 3; wherein, the 3 hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) include: left inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.1), middle inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.2) and right inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.3).

23. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The number of the plurality of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) provided on the tank body and connected to the inner side of the tank body is configured as 3; wherein, the 3 hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) include: left inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.1), middle inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.2) and right inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe (3.3).

24. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, 6, 8-10, 12, 13, 15-19, 21, and 23, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

25. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

26. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

27. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

28. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

29. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

30. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

31. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The tank body is provided with a tank body insulation shell (2) on the outside; wherein, the tank body insulation shell (2) is used to insulate the tank body to further maintain the set temperature.

32. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, 6, 8-10, 12, 13, 15-19, 21, 23, 25-31, is characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

33. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

34. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

35. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

36. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

37. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

38. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

39. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

40. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 24, characterized in that, The inner side of the tank is provided with a pressure-bearing outer shell (4); the heat exchange mechanism and the porous carbon medium material (11) are provided in the space inside the pressure-bearing outer shell (4).

41. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 32, characterized in that, A hydrogen barrier coating (15) is provided on one or both sides of the pressure-bearing outer shell (4) provided inside the tank.

42. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 33-40, characterized in that, A hydrogen barrier coating (15) is provided on one or both sides of the pressure-bearing outer shell (4) provided inside the tank.

43. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, 6, 8-10, 12, 13, 15-19, 21, 23, 25-31, 33-41, is characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

44. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

45. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

46. ​​The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

47. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

48. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

49. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

50. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

51. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 24, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

52. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 32, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

53. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 42, characterized in that, The tank is also provided with a support frame (1) for supporting the tank.

54. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 43, characterized in that, The support frame (1) for supporting the tank includes: a first support frame (1.1), a second support frame (1.2), and a third support frame (1.3).

55. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 44-53, characterized in that, The support frame (1) for supporting the tank includes: a first support frame (1.1), a second support frame (1.2), and a third support frame (1.3).

56. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, 6, 8-10, 12, 13, 15-19, 21, 23, 25-31, 33-41, 44-54, is characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

57. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

58. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

59. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

60. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

61. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

62. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

63. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

64. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 24, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

65. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 32, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

66. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 42, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

67. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 43, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

68. The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device according to claim 55, characterized in that, The hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is equipped with a corresponding flange (9), which is connected to the hydrogen supply equipment or the hydrogen demand equipment (18) through a valve (10).

69. A control system applied during the initial hydrogen refueling phase, characterized in that, include: The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described in any one of claims 1-68; and the controller (17); The heat exchange mechanism is connected to the refrigeration unit (21) via a heat exchange valve; the tank is also equipped with a temperature sensor (12) and a pressure sensor (13) for detecting the temperature and pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are connected to the controller (17). The controller (17) is used to control the heat exchange valve to open and the refrigeration unit (21) to start according to the first control command corresponding to the first hydrogen refueling; the controller (17) is also used to control the valve (10) set in the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipeline (3) to open or close according to the temperature and pre-cooling temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the inside of the tank / the pressure and safety pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the inside of the tank.

70. The control system according to claim 69, characterized in that, Also includes: The timer or the controller (17) has a built-in timer or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) having a timing component; wherein the timer or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) is used to start timing after the valve (10) provided in the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) is closed; The controller (17) or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) is used to maintain the pressure corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the inside of the tank below the safe pressure and maintain the temperature corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the inside of the tank at the pre-cooling temperature after the timing time reaches the first set time.

71. A control system applied in the secondary hydrogen refueling stage, characterized in that, include: The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described in any one of claims 1-68; and the controller (17); The number of hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes (3) is configured to be multiple; each of the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes (3) is also equipped with a hydrogen concentration sensor (16) for detecting the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank; the hydrogen concentration sensor (16) is connected to the controller (17); the controller (17) is used to determine the opening or corresponding opening degree of the valve (10) in the multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes (3) based on the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank and the preset hydrogen concentration.

72. The control system according to claim 71, characterized in that, The tank is also equipped with a temperature sensor (12) and a pressure sensor (13) for detecting the temperature and pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or inside the tank; the temperature sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are connected to the controller (17); The controller (17) is used to maintain the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the corresponding temperature inside the tank within a first set temperature range; the controller (17) is also used to control the valves (10) corresponding to the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) to close according to the pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the corresponding pressure inside the tank and the first set pressure.

73. A control system applied in an internal reaction stage, characterized in that, include: The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described in any one of claims 1-68; and a controller (17); the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor (12) and a pressure sensor (13) for detecting the temperature and pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the corresponding temperature and pressure inside the tank; the temperature sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are connected to the controller (17); The controller (17) is used to maintain the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the corresponding temperature inside the tank at a first set temperature. The controller (17) is also used to maintain the pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or inside the tank at a safe pressure.

74. The control system according to claim 73, characterized in that, Also includes: The timer or the controller (17) has a built-in timer or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) with a timing component; wherein the timer or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) is used to time the internal reaction stage; wherein the controller (17) or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) is used to indicate that hydrogen storage is complete after the timing time reaches a second set time.

75. A control system applied in the hydrogen storage stage, characterized in that, include: The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described in any one of claims 1-68; and a controller (17); the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor (12) for detecting the temperature and pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the corresponding temperature and pressure inside the tank; the temperature sensor (12) is connected to the controller (17); The controller (17) is used to maintain the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the interior of the tank within a second set temperature range or a second set temperature range corresponding to temperature fluctuations.

76. A control system applied during the hydrogen release phase, characterized in that, include: The hydrate solid hydrogen storage device as described in any one of claims 1-68; and a controller (17); the tank is further provided with a temperature sensor (12) and a pressure sensor (13) for detecting the temperature and pressure of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the corresponding temperature and pressure inside the tank; the temperature sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are connected to the controller (17); The controller (17) is used to control the valve (10) corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) to open according to the second control command corresponding to the hydrogen release; The controller (17) is also used to control the heat exchange mechanism to reduce the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the interior of the tank to a third set temperature. The controller (17) is also used to maintain the pressure in the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or inside the tank during the hydrogen release process greater than or equal to the second set pressure.

77. The control system according to claim 76, characterized in that, The number of hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) is configured to be multiple; each of the multiple hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes (3) is also provided with a hydrogen concentration sensor (16) for detecting the hydrogen concentration at different locations inside the tank; the hydrogen concentration sensor (16) is connected to the controller (17). The controller (17) is used to determine the opening or closing of valves (10) in multiple hydrogen inlet / outlet pipes (3) or their corresponding opening degree based on the hydrogen concentration at different positions inside the tank and the preset hydrogen concentration during the hydrogen release process.

78. The control system according to claim 76 or 77, characterized in that, The controller (17) or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) is used to control the valve (10) corresponding to the hydrogen inlet / outlet pipeline (3) to close according to the third control command corresponding to the end of the hydrogen release process; The controller (17) or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) is also used to control the heat exchange mechanism to adjust the temperature of the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the corresponding temperature inside the tank to the fourth set temperature. The controller (17) or the processor (17.2) of the controller (17) is also used to maintain the pressure of the heat exchange mechanism corresponding to the space where the porous carbon medium material (11) is located or the inside of the tank at a third set pressure.

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