Air distribution and slag discharge device of fluidized bed boiler and fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air distribution and slag discharge device of a fluidized bed boiler and the fluidized bed boiler, and relates to the technical field of fluidized bed boilers. An air supply device is arranged on the outer surface of the hearth, an air distribution assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the hearth, a first fuel plate and a second fuel plate are arranged on the inner wall of the hearth, a combustion groove is formed in the hearth, and the first fuel plate and the second fuel plate are located in the combustion groove. The driving device is arranged outside the hearth, when fuel slag blocks combusted in the hearth need to be discharged, the slag stirring assembly and the slag jacking assembly are driven by the driving device to rotate together in the combustion groove, and meanwhile the air supply device supplies air close to the lower portion of the second fuel plate; and smoke dust on the surfaces of the slag blocks is conveyed upwards, so that fuel has sufficient combustion time, meanwhile, the slag discharging process is smooth, fuel resource waste is prevented, and the slag discharging effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fluidized bed boiler technology, and specifically relates to an air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler and a fluidized bed boiler. Background Technology

[0002] A fluidized bed boiler is a type of boiler that uses fluidized bed combustion, characterized by clean combustion and strong fuel adaptability. Fluidized bed boilers can be classified into bubbling fluidized bed boilers and circulating fluidized bed boilers according to their hydrodynamic characteristics, and into atmospheric pressure fluidized bed boilers and pressurized fluidized bed boilers according to the flue gas pressure in the furnace.

[0003] In the prior art, a search of Chinese patent number CN202220283380.4 discloses a fluidized bed boiler air distribution device with a forced slag discharge pipe, including a furnace, an inclined air distribution plate installed at the bottom of the furnace, and an equal pressure air chamber provided at the bottom of the air distribution plate, a central slag discharge pipe installed at the center of the air distribution plate, and two sets of forced slag discharge pipes installed on the downward inclined side of the air distribution plate, and several sets of small perforated air caps are opened through the interior of the air distribution plate.

[0004] The bed surface of existing fluidized bed boilers consists of air distribution plates and air caps. Multiple slag discharge pipes are installed on the air distribution plates. Larger debris cannot be automatically discharged during operation, which can easily lead to incomplete combustion of some fuel, thus wasting fuel resources. Moreover, the slag after combustion will accumulate for a long time, causing poor fluidization of the boiler and forcing it to be shut down for treatment.

[0005] No effective solutions have yet been proposed to address the problems in the relevant technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems in the related technologies, this utility model proposes an air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler and a fluidized bed boiler, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] This utility model relates to an air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler, comprising a furnace, an air supply device on the outer surface of the furnace, an air distribution assembly on the inner wall of the furnace, a first fuel plate and a second fuel plate on the inner wall of the furnace, a combustion groove inside the furnace, the first fuel plate and the second fuel plate being located inside the combustion groove, an ash removal groove at the bottom of the furnace, an isolation hopper fixedly installed at the bottom of the ash removal groove, a drive device fixedly installed inside the isolation hopper, and an ash stirring assembly and an ash top assembly respectively installed at the output end of the drive device.

[0009] Furthermore, the air supply device includes a blower, a support frame is provided at the bottom of the blower, an air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the blower, and one end of the air supply pipe is connected to the interior of the furnace.

[0010] Furthermore, the air distribution assembly includes an air distribution plate, the inner wall of which is provided with air distribution holes, and the air distribution plate is located inside the combustion chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving device includes a drive motor, the output end of which is fixedly mounted with an output shaft, and the drive motor is located inside the isolation bucket.

[0012] Furthermore, the slag stirring assembly includes a slag stirring rod, and slag stirring blades are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the slag stirring rod;

[0013] The top ash assembly includes an extension shaft, the top of which is fixedly connected to a top ash plate, which is located at the bottom of the second fuel plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a spiral shaft is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the furnace chamber, a sealing plate is threaded onto the outer surface of the spiral shaft, and an inner through groove is formed on the inner wall of the furnace chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, a limiting slide rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace chamber, and a sleeve block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sealing plate, with the sleeve block slidably connected to the outer surface of the limiting slide rod.

[0016] A fluidized bed boiler includes the aforementioned air distribution and ash removal device.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This utility model sets the drive device outside the furnace. When it is necessary to discharge the fuel slag blocks burning inside the furnace, the drive device drives the slag stirring assembly and the top slag assembly to rotate together inside the combustion chamber. At the same time, the air supply device supplies air near the bottom of the second fuel plate, so that the smoke and dust on the surface of the slag blocks are transported upward. This combination ensures that the fuel has sufficient combustion time and makes the slag discharge process smoother, preventing fuel waste and making the slag discharge effect better.

[0019] 2. This utility model places the top ash plate above the ash-stirring blades and makes it contact the bottom gap of the second fuel plate. When it is necessary to discharge the fully burned fuel ash, the top ash plate rotates continuously below the second fuel plate, causing vibration and contact with the ash in the gap. This allows the fuel waste after combustion to fall below and be further shredded by the ash-stirring blades, making the ash discharge process more efficient and smooth.

[0020] Of course, any product implementing this utility model does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model embodiments, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the blower structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion chamber structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slag-stirring blade structure of this utility model;

[0028] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0029] 1. Furnace; 2. Air supply device; 3. Air distribution assembly; 4. First fuel plate; 5. Second fuel plate; 6. Combustion chamber; 7. Slag discharge chute; 8. Isolation hopper; 9. Drive device; 10. Slag stirring assembly; 11. Top slag assembly; 201. Blower; 202. Support frame; 203. Air supply pipe; 301. Air distribution plate; 302. Air distribution hole; 901. Drive motor; 902. Output shaft; 1011. Slag stirring rod; 1012. Slag stirring blade; 1101. Extension shaft; 1102. Top slag plate; 12. Spiral shaft; 13. Sealing plate; 14. Inner through groove; 15. Limiting slide bar; 16. Sleeve block. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the utility model embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "top", "middle", "inner", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-6 As shown, this utility model is an air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler, including a furnace 1. An air supply device 2 is provided on the outer surface of the furnace 1. An air distribution assembly 3 is provided on the inner wall of the furnace 1. A first fuel plate 4 and a second fuel plate 5 are provided on the inner wall of the furnace 1. A combustion groove 6 is opened inside the furnace 1. The first fuel plate 4 and the second fuel plate 5 are located inside the combustion groove 6. A ash removal groove 7 is opened at the bottom of the furnace 1. An isolation hopper 8 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the ash removal groove 7. A driving device 9 is fixedly installed inside the isolation hopper 8. A ash stirring assembly 10 and a ash top assembly 11 are respectively provided at the output end of the driving device 9.

[0033] When in use, the air supply device 2 is connected to the inside of the furnace 1. By starting the air supply device 2 and cooperating with the air distribution component 3, the combustion-supporting air force is transmitted to the inside of the furnace 1. When the fuel enters the inside of the furnace 1, it burns on the first fuel plate 4 inside the combustion chamber 6. After the combustion is completed and the consumed volume is separated, it falls onto the second fuel plate 5. When slag needs to be discharged, the drive device 9 is started to drive the slag stirring component 10 and the top slag component 11 to rotate simultaneously. In this way, when the fuel is burning, the second fuel plate 5 receives it and continues to exert heat. At the same time, the top slag component 11 rotates and contacts its bottom, pushing the fuel slag block to fall from the gap to the bottom of the combustion chamber 6. The continuously rotating slag stirring component 10 then spins and crushes it to disperse the material for discharge.

[0034] This invention places the drive device 9 outside the furnace 1. When it is necessary to discharge the fuel slag blocks burning inside the furnace 1, the drive device 9 drives the slag stirring assembly 10 and the top slag assembly 11 to rotate together inside the combustion chamber 6. At the same time, the air supply device 2 supplies air near the bottom of the second fuel plate 5, so that the smoke and dust on the surface of the slag blocks are transported upward. This combination ensures that the fuel has sufficient combustion time and makes the slag discharge process smoother, preventing fuel waste and improving the slag discharge effect.

[0035] In one embodiment, the air supply device 2 includes a blower 201, a support frame 202 is provided at the bottom of the blower 201, and an air supply pipe 203 is fixedly connected to the output end of the blower 201. One end of the air supply pipe 203 is connected to the interior of the furnace 1.

[0036] By starting the blower 201, the combustion-supporting air force generated inside the blower is delivered to the combustion chamber 6 inside the furnace 1 through the blower pipe 203. The air distribution component 3 is used to distribute the air force evenly inside the furnace 1, thereby increasing the combustion-supporting effect.

[0037] In one embodiment, the air distribution assembly 3 includes an air distribution plate 301, the inner wall of which is provided with air distribution holes 302, and the air distribution plate 301 is located inside the combustion chamber 6.

[0038] The air distribution plate 301 is horizontally mounted on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 6. When the air supply pipe 203 transmits the air force to the interior of the combustion chamber 6, the air distribution plate 301 and multiple air distribution holes 302 work together to separate the air flow of the combustion-supporting gas flow after it hits the air distribution plate 301 and flows upward to increase the combustion-supporting effect on the fuel.

[0039] In one embodiment, the driving device 9 includes a drive motor 901, the output end of which is fixedly mounted with an output shaft 902, and the drive motor 901 is located inside the isolation bucket 8.

[0040] The drive motor 901 is located inside the isolation hopper 8. When the drive motor 901 is started, its drive output shaft 902 rotates to drive the top slag stirring assembly 10 and top slag assembly 11 to rotate, thereby providing driving force for the slag discharge operation.

[0041] In one embodiment, the slag stirring assembly 10 includes a slag stirring rod 1011, and a slag stirring blade 1012 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the slag stirring rod 1011.

[0042] The top ash assembly 11 includes an extension shaft 1101, and a top ash plate 1102 is fixedly connected to the top of the extension shaft 1101. The top ash plate 1102 is located at the bottom of the second fuel plate 5.

[0043] By starting the drive motor 901, its drive output shaft 902 drives the stirring rod 1011 to rotate at the bottom of the combustion chamber 6, thereby driving the stirring blade 1012 to rotate. At the same time, the top extension shaft 1101 is driven to rotate, and the top slag plate 1102 distributed on its outer side is also driven to rotate together, thereby generating friction with the bottom of the second fuel plate 5 and contacting the fuel slag blocks that have not fallen out in the gap, causing the slag blocks to be pushed out.

[0044] By placing the top ash plate 1102 above the ash-stirring blade 1012 and making it contact the bottom gap of the second fuel plate 5, when it is necessary to discharge the fully burned fuel ash, the top ash plate 1102 continuously rotates below the second fuel plate 5, causing vibration and contacting the ash in the gap. This allows the fuel waste after combustion to fall below and be further shredded by the ash-stirring blade 1012, making the ash discharge process more efficient and smooth.

[0045] In one embodiment, for the furnace chamber 1, a spiral shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the furnace chamber 1, a sealing plate 13 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the spiral shaft 12, and an inner through groove 14 is provided on the inner wall of the furnace chamber 1.

[0046] By connecting the sealing plate 13 to the spiral shaft 12, when the furnace 1 is no longer in operation, the spiral shaft 12 is rotated to drive the sealing plate 13 to move downward along the outside of the furnace 1, so that the inner passage 14 can be opened, so as to provide a maintenance passage for the outside of the combustion chamber 6, and make it easy to replace the first fuel plate 4 and the second fuel plate 5 after long-term use.

[0047] In one embodiment, for the furnace chamber 1, a limiting slide rod 15 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace chamber 1, and a sleeve block 16 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sealing plate 13. The sleeve block 16 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the limiting slide rod 15.

[0048] When the sealing plate 13 is driven to move by the spiral shaft 12, the sleeve blocks 16 on both sides are driven to slide outside the limiting slide bar 15, thereby limiting the displacement path of the sealing plate 13 and preventing the sealing plate 13 from shifting.

[0049] Through the above technical solutions, 1. By setting the drive device 9 outside the furnace 1, when it is necessary to discharge the fuel slag blocks burning inside the furnace 1, the drive device 9 drives the slag stirring assembly 10 and the top slag assembly 11 to rotate together inside the combustion chamber 6. At the same time, the air supply device 2 supplies air near the bottom of the second fuel plate 5, so that the smoke and dust on the surface of the slag blocks are transported upward. This combination ensures that the fuel has sufficient combustion time and makes the slag discharge process smoother, preventing fuel waste and improving the slag discharge effect; 2. By placing the top slag plate 1102 above the slag stirring blade 1012 and making it contact the bottom gap of the second fuel plate 5, when it is necessary to discharge the fully burned fuel slag blocks, the top slag plate 1102 continuously rotates below the second fuel plate 5, causing vibration and contacting the slag blocks in the gap. This allows the fuel waste after combustion to fall to the bottom and be further shredded by the slag stirring blade 1012, making the slag discharge process more efficient and smooth.

[0050] A fluidized bed boiler includes the aforementioned air distribution and ash removal device.

[0051] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. The utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed boiler air distribution and ash removal device, comprising a furnace (1), characterized in that: An air supply device (2) is provided on the outer surface of the furnace (1), an air distribution assembly (3) is provided on the inner wall of the furnace (1), a first fuel plate (4) and a second fuel plate (5) are provided on the inner wall of the furnace (1), a combustion groove (6) is provided inside the furnace (1), the first fuel plate (4) and the second fuel plate (5) are located inside the combustion groove (6), a slag discharge groove (7) is provided at the bottom of the furnace (1), an isolation hopper (8) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slag discharge groove (7), a drive device (9) is fixedly installed inside the isolation hopper (8), and a slag stirring assembly (10) and a top slag assembly (11) are respectively provided at the output end of the drive device (9).

2. The air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply device (2) includes a blower (201), a support frame (202) is provided at the bottom of the blower (201), and an air supply pipe (203) is fixedly connected to the output end of the blower (201). One end of the air supply pipe (203) is connected to the interior of the furnace (1).

3. The air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air distribution assembly (3) includes an air distribution plate (301), the inner wall of which is provided with air distribution holes (302), and the air distribution plate (301) is located inside the combustion chamber (6).

4. The air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device (9) includes a drive motor (901), and an output shaft (902) is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor (901). The drive motor (901) is located inside the isolation bucket (8).

5. The air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag stirring assembly (10) includes a slag stirring rod (1011), and a slag stirring blade (1012) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the slag stirring rod (1011). The top ash assembly (11) includes an extension shaft (1101), the top of which is fixedly connected to a top ash plate (1102), which is located at the bottom of the second fuel plate (5).

6. The air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the furnace chamber (1) is rotatably connected to a spiral shaft (12), and the outer surface of the spiral shaft (12) is threadedly connected to a sealing plate (13). The inner wall of the furnace chamber (1) is provided with an inner through groove (14).

7. The air distribution and ash removal device for a fluidized bed boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the furnace chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a limiting slide rod (15), and the outer surface of the sealing plate (13) is fixedly connected to a sleeve block (16), which is slidably connected to the outer surface of the limiting slide rod (15).

8. A fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that, Includes the air distribution and slag discharge device as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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