Fire coal crushing device
By using a primary and secondary screening system to screen fine coal particles for direct combustion in the boiler, combined with a high-amplitude screen and a buffer device, the problems of uneven coal particle size and slow coal discharge speed are solved, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and the power plant's production efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422167888.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-04
AI Technical Summary
In existing circulating fluidized bed boilers, uneven coal particle size leads to incomplete combustion, affecting boiler efficiency and wasting ammonia water. At the same time, the slow coal discharge speed of the screening and crushing system reduces power plant efficiency.
The system employs a primary and secondary screening system, directly feeding fine particles from the coal hull into the boiler for combustion, reducing the amount of coal passing through the ring hammer crusher. Combined with a high-amplitude screen, the screening efficiency is improved, reducing energy consumption and production costs. The conveying device is protected by a buffer device and a dust removal system.
It improved the coal output efficiency of the screening and crushing system, reduced energy consumption and production costs, ensured the stable operation of the conveying device, and improved the boiler combustion efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223556109U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present scheme belongs to the field of coal crushing and screening, and particularly relates to a coal crushing device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The circulating fluidized bed boiler technology is a high-efficiency and low-pollution clean combustion technology which has developed rapidly in recent ten years. In the existing circulating fluidized bed unit, no coal mill is provided, and the coal materials need to be put into a coal crushing machine to be crushed into particles, and then the coal particles are put into the circulating fluidized bed boiler for combustion. The coal particles crushed by the existing coal crushing machine have the problem of uneven particle size. If the coal particles with uneven particle size are directly put into the circulating fluidized bed boiler for combustion, the larger coal particles will fly out of the bed during combustion, resulting in a decrease in the combustion particles, and the separator of the circulating fluidized bed boiler cannot maintain the normal return amount, thereby causing the output of the circulating fluidized bed boiler to decrease. Meanwhile, when the particle size difference of the coal particles is large, the heat transfer characteristics in the bed will be different, which not only affects the control of denitration and ammonia addition, but also causes the waste of ammonia water. The excess ammonia water corrodes the water-cooled wall more seriously than the scaling at the air preheater, thereby affecting the thermal efficiency of the boiler.
[0003] To solve the above problems, before the coal particles are put into the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the coal materials are put into a screening and crushing system for treatment. The coal materials entering the screening and crushing system are crushed into coarse coal particles by a ring hammer crusher, and then the coarse coal particles are put into a screening device for screening. The fine coal particles (coal particle size ≤10 mm) screened out fall onto a conveying device, and the coal particles (coarse coal particles) larger than 10 mm are put into a reversible hammer crusher to be crushed into fine coal particles. The crushed fine coal particles fall onto the conveying device, and the conveying device transports the fine coal particles into the circulating fluidized bed boiler. However, the coal discharging speed of the screening and crushing system is limited by the ring hammer crusher and the reversible hammer crusher, resulting in a slow coal discharging speed of the screening and crushing system, which increases the time for putting the coal particles into the circulating fluidized bed boiler, thereby reducing the work efficiency of the power plant. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] The purpose of the present scheme is to provide a coal crushing device to solve the problem of low screening and crushing system efficiency.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present scheme provides a coal crushing device, which comprises a screening device, a ring hammer crusher, a reversible hammer crusher and a conveying device. The screening device comprises a primary screen and a secondary screen. The primary screen is a drum screen. The upper outlet of the primary screen is in communication with the inlet of the ring hammer crusher, and the lower outlet of the primary screen is in communication with the inlet of the conveying device. The secondary screen is a high amplitude screen. The inlet of the secondary screen is in communication with the outlet of the ring hammer crusher, the upper outlet of the secondary screen is in communication with the inlet of the reversible hammer crusher, and the lower outlet of the secondary screen is in communication with the inlet of the conveying device.
[0006] The principle and effect of the scheme are that: (1) the scheme divides the screening device into a first screen and a second screen, the first screen is arranged in front of the ring hammer crusher, the fine coal particles in the coal skin are screened out before entering the ring hammer crusher, so that the fine coal particles in the coal skin directly pass through the conveying device and are put into the circulating fluidized bed boiler for combustion, thereby improving the coal output efficiency of the screening and crushing system. (2) After the fine coal particles do not pass through the ring hammer crusher, the total amount of coal skin put into the ring hammer crusher is reduced, the energy consumption of the ring hammer crusher is reduced, and the energy required by the first screen is less than the energy reduced by the ring hammer crusher. Therefore, this way reduces the energy consumption of the screening and crushing system and reduces the production cost. (3) The coal skin is easy to be damp in the transportation process. When the coal skin is damp, the volume of the fine coal particles is small, the higher the water content, the more difficult the large coal skin is to be penetrated by water, and the lower the water content, the more water in the coal skin is filtered out. The first screen in the scheme filters out the fine coal particles, and the water content of the remaining coal skin is low. When filtering for the second time, a high amplitude screen is selected to improve the screening efficiency (the screening efficiency of the high amplitude screen is higher than that of the rotary screen), improve the coal output efficiency of the screening and crushing system, and prevent the high amplitude screen from being blocked. In the prior art, only the coarse coal particles are filtered, and many damp fine coal particles are mixed in the coarse coal particles. If a high amplitude screen is used for filtering, the screen hole will be blocked, which will reduce the screening efficiency.
[0007] In summary, the scheme solves the problem of low coal output efficiency of the screening and crushing system, reduces the energy consumption of the screening and crushing system, and reduces the production cost.
[0008] Further, the screening particle size of the first screen and the second screen is less than or equal to 8 mm.
[0009] When the particle size of the fine coal particles is 0-8 mm, more circulating fluidized bed boilers can be applied.
[0010] Further, the first screen is fixedly connected with the conveying device inlet through a coal falling pipe, the coal falling pipe is fixedly connected with a buffer device, and the coal falling pipe and the conveying device inlet are fixedly connected with a rubber skin.
[0011] The gap between the first screen and the conveying device is large, and the coal falling pipe can limit the falling range of the fine coal particles, so that the fine coal particles can accurately fall into the conveying device. The coal particles are affected by gravity during the falling process, and the impact force on the conveying device is large when the coal particles fall onto the conveying device, which causes heavy wear of the conveying device. The buffer device can reduce the impact force of the fine coal particles on the conveying device, thereby reducing the wear of the conveying device.
[0012] Further, the air flow pipeline is fixedly connected inside the coal falling pipe, one end of the air flow pipeline is in communication with the inside of the coal falling pipe, the other end of the air flow pipeline is fixedly communicated with a fan, and a bag dust collector is fixedly connected at the inlet of the fan.
[0013] The coal dust is collected in the coal falling pipe, so that the coal dust adhered to the inner wall of the coal falling pipe is avoided to narrow the pipe, and the coal dust adhered to the buffer device is also avoided to affect the buffering effect of the buffer device.
[0014] Further, the crushing particle size of the ring hammer crusher is 30mm.
[0015] The crushing particle size of the ring hammer crusher is 30mm, which is larger than the crushing particle size of 30mm of the reversible hammer crusher in the prior art.
[0016] Further, a plurality of first springs are fixedly connected between the upper end of the screen plate of the ring hammer crusher and the shell.
[0017] The coal skin falling into the ring hammer crusher may be damp, and the damp coal skin accumulated on the screen plate of the ring hammer crusher is easy to block the screen plate, thereby reducing the filtering speed of the screen plate and affecting the discharging speed of the ring hammer crusher. The first springs fixedly connected between the screen plate and the shell can vibrate the screen plate during filtering, so as to shake out the coal coarse particles blocked in the screen holes of the screen plate, so that the screen plate is not easy to be blocked. At the same time, the coal coarse particles shaken out are rolled up by the ring hammer and are crushed again, and the diameter of the coal coarse particles after crushing again is smaller, so that the coal coarse particles are not easy to block the screen plate.
[0018] Further, a vibrating component is fixedly connected between the lower end of the screen plate and the bottom of the shell, the vibrating component includes a sliding rod, a vibrating rod and a vibrating table, the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the screen plate, the vibrating table is fixedly connected with the shell, the sliding rod is slidingly connected with the vibrating table, a second spring is fixedly connected between the lower end of the vibrating rod and the vibrating table, a sliding block is slidingly connected in the vibrating rod, a spring is fixedly connected between the side surface of the sliding block and the vibrating rod, a blocking block is fixedly connected on the vibrating table, a sliding groove is arranged between the blocking block and the shell, the sliding rod pushes the sliding block to slide downward, when the sliding block slides to above the blocking block, the sliding rod pushes the sliding block into the vibrating rod, and the second spring is contracted in the sliding process of the sliding rod.
[0019] With the more coal particles accumulated on the screen plate, the weight of the screen plate gradually increases, the lowest point of the screen plate when vibrating moves down continuously, the sliding distance of the sliding block pushed by the sliding rod fixedly connected with the screen plate is farther, the sliding block slides down synchronously with the vibrating rod, and the second spring contracts.When the coal particles accumulated on the screen plate are too much, the sliding rod pushes the sliding block to the blocking block, the blocking block prevents the sliding block from sliding down, the sliding rod continuously pushes the sliding block, and the sliding block is pressed into the vibrating rod, the sliding rod slides into the sliding groove between the blocking block and the shell, the sliding block extends out of the vibrating rod after the sliding rod slides into the sliding groove, the second spring releases the accumulated elastic potential energy, the vibrating rod pops up and hits the screen plate, the coal particles blocking the screen holes are shaken out after the screen plate is hit, and the screen plate moves up and takes the sliding rod up, the sliding rod moves up and the sliding block is pressed into the vibrating rod, and the sliding block extends out of the vibrating rod again when the sliding rod slides above the sliding block.
[0020] In this way, the coal particles in the screen holes can be shaken out when the screen plate accumulates too many coal particles, the problem of coal particles blocking the screen plate is solved, the coal output efficiency of the ring hammer crusher is guaranteed, and thus the coal output efficiency of the screening and crushing system is guaranteed.
[0021] Further, the bottom of the screen plate is provided with a protruding block, and the bottom of the protruding block is fixedly connected with the sliding rod.
[0022] In this way, the coal particles can be prevented from accumulating at the bottom of the screen plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Fig. 1 It is a structural schematic view of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0024] Fig. 2 It is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0025] The specific embodiments are further described in detail as follows:
[0026] The reference signs in the drawings of the specification include: 1, feed inlet; 2, discharge outlet; 3, first spring; 4, first telescopic rod; 5, screen plate; 6, vibrating rod; 7, protruding plate; 8, second spring; 9, transmission shaft; 10, hammer head; 11, sliding rod; 12, vibrating table; 13, first sliding block; 14, sliding limiting rod; 15, blocking block; 16, second telescopic rod; 17, sliding block; 18, fixed block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The concept and the technical effects of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purposes, features and effects of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application:
[0028] A pulverized coal crushing device comprises a primary screen, a secondary screen, a ring hammer crusher, a reversible hammer crusher and a conveying device. The primary screen and the secondary screen both use a screen plate 5 with a screen hole of 8 mm. The primary screen is a drum screen (100 type sand screening machine of Dongguan Qingxi Dingguan General Mechanical Equipment Factory). The upper outlet of the primary screen is communicated with the inlet of the ring hammer crusher. The lower outlet of the primary screen is communicated with the inlet of the conveying device. A coal falling pipe is threadedly connected between the lower outlet of the primary screen and the inlet of the conveying device. A buffer device is threadedly connected inside the coal falling pipe. Flanges are cast on the coal falling pipe and the conveying device. Sealing grooves are opened on the end faces of the flanges. Rubber sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves. After the flanges are abutted, the pipeline is tightly connected by bolts or studs. An airflow pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the coal falling pipe. One end of the airflow pipe is communicated with the inside of the coal falling pipe. A fan is fixedly connected to the other end of the airflow pipe. A bag-type dust collector is fixedly connected to the inlet of the fan.
[0029] The secondary screen is a high-amplitude screen (ZDS2882 with a screen plate 5 with a screen hole of 8 mm can be selected). The inlet of the secondary screen is communicated with the outlet of the ring hammer crusher. The upper outlet of the secondary screen is communicated with the inlet of the reversible hammer crusher. The lower outlet of the secondary screen is communicated with the inlet of the conveying device.
[0030] The reversible hammer crusher can be PCK1413. The conveying device can be a closed large-inclination belt conveyor of Kunwei Machinery.
[0031] As Figs. 1-2As shown, the ring hammer crusher includes a shell, a screen plate 5 and a transmission shaft 9, the upper end of the shell is provided with a hopper-shaped feed port 1. The lower end of the shell is provided with a discharge port 2, the shell is rotatably connected with the transmission shaft 9, the transmission shaft 9 is fixedly connected with a hammer head 10, a nut is connected with a motor which drives the transmission shaft 9 to rotate on one side of the transmission shaft 9. The shell is slidably connected with the upper end of the screen plate 5, the shell and the upper end of the screen plate 5 are fixedly adhered with four first springs 3, the first springs 3 are slidably connected with first extension rods 4, one end of the first extension rods 4 is fixedly connected with the shell, the other end of the first extension rods 4 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the screen plate 5, and the screen plate 5 is selected to be a screen plate 5 with a 30mm mesh. The bottom of the screen plate 5 is fixedly welded with a convex plate 7, the bottom of the convex plate 7 is fixedly welded with sliding rods 11 on both sides, the sliding rods 11 are slidably connected with a vibrating table 12, the vibrating table 12 is slidably connected with a vibrating rod 6, the vibrating rod 6 is located between the two sliding rods 11, four sliding limit rods 14 are arranged between the vibrating rod 6 and the sliding rods 11, the four sliding limit rods 14 are fixedly welded with the vibrating table 12, the sliding rods 11 are fixedly welded with first sliding blocks 13, the first sliding blocks 13 are slidably connected with the sliding limit rods 14 on both sides, the lower end of the sliding limit rods 14 is screwedly connected with a blocking block 15, the upper end of the blocking block 15 is provided with an inclined slope, a sliding groove is arranged between the upper end of the blocking block 15 and the sliding limit block, and the sliding groove is slidably connected with the first sliding blocks 13. The second spring 8 is fixedly adhered between the vibrating rod 6 and the vibrating table, the second spring 8 is slidably connected with a second extension rod 16, and the second extension rod 16 is fixedly welded with the vibrating rod 6 and the vibrating table 12. The vibrating rod 6 is fixedly welded with a fixed block 18, the fixed block 18 is coaxial with the vibrating rod 6, springs are fixedly adhered on both sides of the fixed block 18 in the transverse direction, the other ends of the springs are fixedly adhered with sliding blocks 17, the sliding blocks 17 are trapezoidal, and the inclined surfaces of the sliding blocks 17 are matched with the arc of the inclined slope of the blocking block 15.When the spring on the fixed block 18 is in a natural state, the slope of the sliding block 17 is located between the sliding limit rods 14 and is in sliding connection with the sliding limit rods 14, when the sliding rod 11 slides downward with the first sliding block 13, the first sliding block 13 pushes the sliding block 17 to slide downward, when the sliding block 17 slides downward, the vibration rod 6 synchronously slides downward, the second telescopic rod 16 below the vibration rod 6 contracts, and the second spring 8 compresses and accumulates elastic potential energy; the sliding block 17 stops sliding downward when contacting the blocking block 15 and moves to the direction of the fixed block 18 under the continuous pushing of the first sliding block 13 to compress the springs on both sides of the fixed block 18, the first sliding block 13 slides into the sliding groove when the sliding block 17 and the bottom end of the first sliding block 13 are no longer in contact; after the first sliding block 13 passes through the sliding block 17, the sliding block 17 is ejected from the vibration rod 6, the second spring 8 releases the elastic potential energy to pop up the vibration rod 6 upward, the vibration rod 6 drives the second telescopic rod 16 and the sliding block 17 to synchronously slide upward; after the vibration rod 6 hits the screen plate 5, the vibration rod 6 contracts downward, at the same time, the screen plate 5 slides upward, the screen plate 5 drives the sliding rod 11 fixedly connected thereto to move upward, the first sliding block 13 moves upward, the first sliding block 13 compresses the sliding block 17 into the vibration rod 6 when the first sliding block 13 passes through the slope of the sliding block 17, and the sliding block 17 is stretched out from the vibration rod 6 when the first sliding block 13 slides to above the sliding block 17.
[0032] The above is only the embodiment of the present application, and the specific structure and characteristics of the scheme and other common knowledge are not described in detail. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and other records in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A coal pulverizing device, comprising: The screening device, ring hammer crusher, reversible hammer crusher and conveying device are characterized in that the screening device comprises a primary screen and a secondary screen, the primary screen is a drum screen, an upper outlet of the primary screen is communicated with an inlet of the ring hammer crusher, a lower outlet of the primary screen is communicated with an inlet of the conveying device, the secondary screen is a high amplitude screen, an inlet of the secondary screen is communicated with an outlet of the ring hammer crusher, an upper outlet of the secondary screen is communicated with an inlet of the reversible hammer crusher, and a lower outlet of the secondary screen is communicated with the inlet of the conveying device. A plurality of first springs are fixedly connected between the upper end of the screen plate of the ring hammer crusher and the shell. A vibrating component is fixedly connected between the lower end of the screen plate and the bottom of the shell, the vibrating component comprises a sliding rod, a vibrating rod and a vibrating table, the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the screen plate, the vibrating table is fixedly connected with the shell, the sliding rod is slidingly connected with the vibrating table, a second spring is fixedly connected between the lower end of the vibrating rod and the vibrating table, a sliding block is slidingly connected in the vibrating rod, a spring is fixedly connected between the side surface of the sliding block and the vibrating rod, a blocking block is fixedly connected on the vibrating table, a sliding groove is arranged between the blocking block and the shell, the sliding rod pushes the sliding block to slide downward, the sliding block is pushed by the sliding rod into the vibrating rod when the sliding block slides above the blocking block, and the second spring is contracted in the sliding process of the sliding rod.
2. A coal pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening size of the primary screen and the secondary screen is less than or equal to 8 mm.
3. A coal pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A coal falling pipe is fixedly connected between the lower outlet of the primary screen and the inlet of the conveying device, a buffer device is fixedly connected in the coal falling pipe, and rubber is fixedly connected between the coal falling pipe and the inlet of the conveying device.
4. A coal pulverizing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air flow pipe is fixedly connected in the coal falling pipe, one end of the air flow pipe is communicated with the inside of the coal falling pipe, a fan is fixedly connected to the other end of the air flow pipe, and a bag dust collector is fixedly connected to the inlet of the fan.
5. A coal pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing size of the ring hammer crusher is 30 mm.
6. A coal pulverizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protruding block is arranged at the bottom of the screen plate, and the bottom of the protruding block is fixedly connected with the sliding rod.