Rail uncovering-free dynamic height-adjusting ballastless track structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ballastless tracks, in particular to a track uncovering-free dynamic height-adjusting ballastless track structure which comprises a bottom supporting structure and a track plate, a sleeper groove is formed in the track plate, a sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove are connected in an embedded and extruded mode through an elastic layer, and the connection face is kept sealed. A closed lifting cavity is formed between the groove bottom of the sleeper groove and the sleeper assembly, a grouting hole and an exhaust hole which are communicated with the lifting cavity are formed in the sleeper assembly, the lifting cavity is filled with grouting liquid and solidified to form a filling layer, the upper portion of the sleeper assembly is connected with a track in a matched mode, and the sleeper assembly is supported by the sleeper groove through adjustment of a track plate structure. Supporting force can be kept in the longitudinal direction, and stable abutting force can be kept in the horizontal direction; the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove can be lifted in the longitudinal direction, a cavity formed after lifting is grouted and filled to form a solidified support, and height adjustment of the sleeper is achieved more easily, conveniently and rapidly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to ballastless track technical field, concretely relates to a kind of track-free dynamic height-adjusting ballastless track structure, it is suitable for being applied to high-speed railway and urban rail transit field. BACKGROUND

[0002] From structural composition and feature classification, the railway track of China is divided into ballast track and ballastless track currently, both have its characteristics, the advantage of ballast track is low cost, construction is convenient and can be easily realized track space geometric shape adjustment by changing ballast, the shortcoming is that granular ballast is easily deformed, and the maintenance workload is large and the maintenance cost is high in later period, and under high-speed condition, ballast is easily splashed to cause traffic safety accident. The advantage of ballastless track is high structural strength, good integrity, less maintenance workload, but the shortcoming is high initial cost, and once ballastless track is built, if excessive settlement is generated in later period, secondary repair is difficult, and the repair cost is high.

[0003] The existing ballastless track puts forward very high requirements to the deformation of track foundation, for example, the post-construction settlement of subgrade should not be more than 15mm, uneven settlement should be less than 5mm, and the angle caused by settlement is not more than 1 / 1000. In order to realize the high-standard technical requirements of ballastless track, strong reinforcement measures must be taken for track foundation, so the construction cost is very high. But even so, according to the actual practice of traditional technology, ballastless track line still appears universal subsidence (especially in subgrade section), the settlement of part of line has already exceeded 15mm, and the settlement of very few lines is even in 50mm-100mm. These problems have serious influence on the safe and stable operation of high-speed railway.

[0004] In addition, due to the harsh conditions, technical requirements and transformation cost of existing ballastless track structure, the existing technology is almost impossible to meet the requirement of transforming ballast track structure into ballastless track structure.

[0005] In view of the above various problems, the most critical technical difficulty is that the deformation adjustable amount of existing ballastless track structure is very limited-0-30mm. Therefore, solving this key technical problem is the key point and breakthrough point of existing high-speed railway, ballast track into ballastless track and a series of problems, and it has a global role.

[0006] Comparing and analyzing the existing various structures and technologies of ballastless track, the elastic supporting block type ballastless track is a potential solution with high adjustment, and is a vibration and noise reduction type ballastless track which is applied more at home and abroad. The structure is to support the independent sleeper block, and to set the rubber sleeve shoe on the sleeper block. The sleeper block of this structure is generally rectangular structure, and is inverted trapezoidal with large upper and small lower, and the buried depth is generally 120-150mm. The supporting stiffness of the track cushion layer can be adjusted to adjust the noise reduction and vibration reduction performance. However, the structure has the following shortcomings:

[0007] (1) The sleeve shoe and the sleeper block, and the sleeve shoe and the track bed plate are easy to loosen, and the loosening of the sleeve shoe further leads to the entry of water and dust;

[0008] (2) The track bed plate and the sleeper block are easy to form stress concentration at the four corners, leading to the structure damage, and under the periodic dynamic action of the train, the water in the sleeper slot forms water dynamic pressure to further scour the sleeper structure;

[0009] (3) The sleeve shoe and the sleeper are easy to float up, and when the supporting stiffness of the bottom cushion layer is low, the track may be inclined outward under the horizontal force, the stability is poor, and the driving safety is affected, so the application is generally limited to the railway line above 200km / h;

[0010] (4) The sleeper block cannot be adjusted in height, and cannot adapt to the condition that the track foundation (especially the subgrade) has a large amount of subsidence;

[0011] (5) The design standard of the track foundation is high, and the construction cost is large.

[0012] It can be seen that the existing ballastless track structure still has room for improvement, and therefore should be optimized to improve the ballastless track structure to propose a new ballastless track structure with large adjustable height, high height adjustment flexibility and convenience. Therefore, a more reasonable technical solution is needed to solve the defects in the prior art. Content of the utility model

[0013] In order to overcome at least one of the defects mentioned above, the utility model provides a dynamic height adjustment ballastless track structure without removing the track, which improves the cooperation structure of the sleeper and the track plate. When the supporting height of the track plate on the sleeper needs to be adjusted, the position of the sleeper can be adjusted, and the supporting bottom plate is formed by pouring in the track plate. The process does not need to remove the sleeper assembly and other structures, the whole process is fast and efficient, can meet more track adjustment requirements, and improves the convenience of actual use feedback and maintenance of the track.

[0014] In order to realize the above technical effects, the ballastless track structure disclosed by the utility model can adopt the following technical scheme:

[0015] The application discloses a kind of free rail dynamic height-adjusting ballastless track structures, including bottom support structure and track slab being arranged on foundation, the track slab is formed to accommodate sleeper assembly with sleeper slot, and the sleeper assembly is connected with the sleeper slot by the compression deformation of elastic layer and keeps the sealing of connecting surface, when adjusting track height, the sleeper assembly is kept in the sleeper slot and forms closed lifting cavity between the bottom of the sleeper slot and the sleeper assembly, the sleeper assembly is formed with grouting hole and exhaust hole that communicate with lifting cavity, the lifting cavity is filled with grouting liquid and solidified to form filling layer, and the sleeper assembly and filling layer form an integral structure to bear external load, and the track is connected and matched above the sleeper assembly.

[0016] The ballastless track structure disclosed above can inject grouting liquid into lifting cavity from outside by arranging grouting hole and exhaust hole on sleeper assembly, fill lifting cavity with grouting liquid, and use the grouting liquid as support structure after solidification, so that the volume of support structure is equal to the volume of lifting cavity, thereby stably supporting sleeper assembly and adjusting the height of sleeper assembly.

[0017] Further, the structure of sleeper slot can be configured in various forms, which is not uniquely limited, and one feasible option is optimized and proposed herein: the sleeper slot is arranged at intervals between track slab and is arranged in pairs, the sleeper slot includes circular slot and extends downward from the upper surface of track slab to form cylindrical slot body. When the above scheme is used, the circular slot can release force in multiple directions, and the circular slot can avoid stress concentration, thereby effectively improving the stability and reliability of sleeper fixation.

[0018] Further, when the sleeper assembly is connected and fixed to the sleeper slot, various schemes can be used, which is not uniquely limited, and one feasible option is optimized and proposed herein: the sleeper assembly includes cylindrical sleeper and is correspondingly matched with the sleeper slot, the grouting hole extends from the upper end surface to the lower end surface of the sleeper and communicates with the lifting cavity, and the exhaust hole extends from the lower end surface to the upper end surface of the sleeper and is used to exhaust gas in the lifting cavity. When the above scheme is used, the grouting hole and the exhaust hole can be poured at the same time when pouring the sleeper, or the grouting hole and the exhaust hole can be separately drilled and formed after the sleeper is formed; the grouting hole and the exhaust hole are located outside the area covered by the track, so as not to affect the installation and arrangement of the track.

[0019] Further, the support force of the sleeper can be balanced by the base plate structure, the pressure of each part of the lower end surface of the sleeper is balanced, the sleeper can be protected, the sleeper is prevented from being damaged by force, and various schemes can be used to protect the sleeper, which is not limited to only one, and one feasible scheme is optimized and proposed herein: the lower end surface of the sleeper is attached to a rail base plate, and the rail base plate is provided with through holes corresponding to the grouting holes and the exhaust holes. When the above scheme is used, the rail base plate can be made of a metal plate. The pupil of the rail base plate corresponds to the grouting holes and the exhaust holes, the grouting liquid entering through the grouting holes passes through the through holes and enters the lifting cavity, and the air in the lifting cavity enters the exhaust holes through the through holes.

[0020] Further, the sleeper and the sleeper groove are closely attached to prevent the internal grouting liquid from leaking, and the close attachment of the sleeper and the sleeper groove can keep the sleeper assembly stable and reliable. The scheme for stably attaching the sleeper to the sleeper groove is not limited to only one, and one feasible scheme is optimized and proposed herein: the elastic layer is wrapped on the side surface of the sleeper, and the elastic layer is compressed and deformed by the inner side wall of the sleeper groove after the sleeper is fitted into the sleeper groove. When the above scheme is used, the elastic layer can be made of high-strength rubber material or other wear-resistant and pressure-resistant elastic material, and the elastic layer is compressed by the groove wall of the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove after the sleeper assembly is installed in the sleeper groove, so that a close structure is formed.

[0021] Further, in other schemes, the structure of the sleeper can be improved to achieve higher strength, which is not limited to only one, and one feasible scheme is optimized and proposed herein: the sleeper comprises a sleeve and a pouring member inside the sleeve, and the elastic layer is wrapped on the outer side surface of the sleeve. When the above scheme is used, the sleeve is made of high-strength metal material, and the pouring member can be made of concrete material.

[0022] Further, in other schemes, the structure of the sleeper groove can be optimized and improved to achieve high strength, so as to form a stable and reliable installation structure with the sleeper assembly: the inner wall surface of the sleeper groove is provided with a sleeve seat, and the outer side wall of the sleeper assembly is fitted with the sleeper groove. When the above scheme is used, the sleeve seat can be made of high-strength metal material, and the inner wall surface is smooth and used to fit the side wall surface of the sleeper assembly, so that a close attachment effect can be achieved.

[0023] The above content discloses a scheme of the ballastless track structure, and the ballastless track height adjusting method is disclosed, as follows:

[0024] A ballastless track height adjusting method is used to adjust the height of the ballastless track structure described above, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0025] Measuring the height of the track surface and determining the subsidence of the track surface, and when the subsidence exceeds a set value, height adjustment is performed by the sleeper assembly;

[0026] Adjusting the height of the sleeper assembly to the required height, so that a lifting cavity is formed between the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove;

[0027] Supporting and maintaining the height of the sleeper assembly, and injecting grouting liquid into the lifting cavity;

[0028] After the grouting liquid is cured to form a required strength, the sleeper assembly is released.

[0029] In some schemes, the track on the sleeper assembly is stably matched by a fastener, and the fastener can adjust the height of the track within a certain range, so that after the height of the track surface of the ballastless track is measured, if the subsidence is within the adjustment range of the fastener, the height of the track can be adjusted and restored by the fastener; if the subsidence exceeds the adjustment range of the track, height adjustment is performed by the sleeper assembly.

[0030] In some schemes, the grouting liquid can use an existing grouting material or a self-prepared grouting material, and after the grouting is cured, a pouring structure is formed to support the sleeper assembly.

[0031] Further, the sleeper assembly is lifted to the required height by a jacking device or a lifting device, and the height of the track surface is monitored in real time during the lifting process; and before lifting, the sealing filler layer between the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove is removed, and after the sleeper assembly is released, the sealing filler layer is restored, and the grouting hole and the exhaust hole are sealed.

[0032] In some schemes, the sealing filler layer between the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove is used to help seal the fitting surface, maintain the stability and reliability of the fitting between the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove, and the sealing filler layer is supported by a waterproof material and is poured into the analysis position between the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove to realize sealing.

[0033] Further, when grouting, the grouting pressure needs to be set, so that the resultant force of the grouting force borne by the bottom surface of the sleeper assembly is less than the frictional force between the side wall of the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, some beneficial effects of the technical scheme of the utility model include:

[0035] By adjusting the track plate structure, the sleeper assembly is supported by the sleeper groove, which can maintain the supporting force in the longitudinal direction and can also maintain the stable abutting force in the horizontal direction; the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove can be lifted in the longitudinal direction, and the cavity formed after lifting is filled with grouting to form a cured support, so that the height adjustment of the sleeper is more simple and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 The track structure after lifting in the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 The top view of the rail sleeper assembly and the fastener assembly in the present application.

[0039] Figure 3 The top view of the rail sleeper assembly and the fastener assembly with sleeve in the present application.

[0040] Figure 4 The track structure after lifting in the present application. Figure 2 The A-A sectional view (remove the fastener assembly and the track).

[0041] Figure 5 The track structure after lifting in the present application.

[0042] Figure 6 The track structure after grouting in the present application.

[0043] Figure 7 The transverse sectional view of the track slab in the present application.

[0044] Figure 8 The track slab structure with sleeve seat in the present application.

[0045] Figure 9 The slab-type ballastless track structure in the present application

[0046] Figure 10 The cast-in-place ballastless track structure in the present application.

[0047] The diagram shows the following markings: 1. Track; 2. Fastener assembly; 3. Sleeper assembly; 4. Track slab; 4a. Track slab center axis; 4b. Sleeper groove center axis; 5. Adjustment layer; 6. Bottom support structure; 7. Foundation; 8. Sleeper pad; 9. Cast-in-place structure; 20. Elastic strip; 21. Iron pad; 22. Anchor bolt; 23. Gauge block; 27. Embedded iron seat; 30. Sleeper; 31. Elastic layer; 32. Sleeper top surface; 33. Sealing filler; 36. Sleeve; 37. Grouting hole; 38. Vent hole; 39. Lifting space; 40. Sleeper groove; 41. Sleeve seat, 41a. Cylindrical wall; 42. Bottom of sleeper groove; 43. Inlet; 44. Anchoring connection structure; 51. Rubber base plate; 52. Isolation layer; 53. Rubber side plate; 61. Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] To address the shortcomings of traditional ballastless tracks, such as high maintenance difficulty, inconvenient height adjustment, and limited height adjustment range, the following embodiments are optimized and overcome the defects of the existing technology.

[0050] Example

[0051] like Figures 1-10 The diagram shows a preferred embodiment of the track structure without raised sleeper assemblies in this example. In this preferred embodiment, the track structure is a layered structure composed of multiple materials from top to bottom, including a track 1, fastener assembly 2, sleeper assembly 3, track slab 4, adjustment layer 5, and bottom support structure 6. The bottom support structure 6 includes a support layer or a base. The track 1 is fixed to the sleeper assembly 3 by the fastener assembly 2, and the sleeper assembly 3 is supported on the track slab 4. The train wheels contact the track and transfer and diffuse the load sequentially from the track 1, fastener assembly 2, sleeper assembly 3, track slab 4, adjustment layer 5, support layer or base 6, and finally distribute the force to the track foundation 7. The track foundation 7 includes structures such as roadbeds, bridges, and tunnels. Generally, the support layer refers to a structural layer formed by pouring plain concrete without reinforcement, and the base generally refers to a reinforced concrete structural layer with reinforcement. Overall, the characteristic of this track structure is that the stiffness gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the stress gradually diffuses and decreases, forming a composite structure.

[0052] Among them, fastener assembly 2, such as Figure 2As shown, the fastener structure functions to fix track 1, maintain its geometric position, transmit vertical and lateral loads, and adjust height and track alignment. In this embodiment, the fastener structure includes a spring clip 20, an iron pad 21, anchor bolts 22, a gauge block 23, a lower pad, a rail pad, and a pre-embedded iron seat 27. One end of the spring clip 20 is fastened to the track, and the other end is inserted into the pre-embedded iron seat, providing clamping force to the bottom of track 1. A rail pad is installed at the bottom of track 1, placed on the iron pad 21. A lower pad is placed between the iron pad and the sleeper. The rail pad and the lower pad are generally rubber pads, serving to reduce vibration and adjust height. Anchor bolts 22 fix the iron pad and various types of pads to the sleeper 30.

[0053] Among them, track slab 4, as Figure 4 As shown, multiple rows of independent cylindrical sleeper grooves 40 are arranged longitudinally at required intervals. The sleeper grooves 40 are distributed on both sides of the central axis 4a of the track slab, and the center point of the longitudinally arranged sleeper grooves 40 forms the central axis 4b of the sleeper grooves. The sleeper groove 40 is a groove-shaped structure with a circular opening, including a cylindrical wall 41a and a bottom 42. It should be noted that the track slab can be a precast or cast-in-place structure, such as... Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown.

[0054] The sleeper assembly 3 includes a cylindrical sleeper 30, a sleeper top surface 32 for supporting the fastener assembly 2, and a pre-embedded sleeve for connecting the fastener assembly 2. An elastic layer 31 is provided on the outer circumferential cylindrical surface of the sleeper 30, and a sleeper pad 8 is also provided at the bottom of the sleeper 30. Preferably, the sleeper 30 is made of concrete or reinforced concrete. The pre-embedded sleeve is pre-installed before pouring the concrete and forms a whole with the concrete after solidification. Preferably, a rail bottom slope, typically 1:40, is provided on the sleeper top surface 32. After the rail fastener is supported on the sleeper top surface, the rail 1 forms an inward tilt angle. It is easily inferred by those skilled in the art that a certain slope can also be provided on the fastener assembly 2, for example, by adjusting the thickness of the iron pad 21 in the fastener assembly 2. The elastic layer 31 is fixed to the outer circumferential cylindrical surface of the sleeper 30, and the fixing connection method includes, but is not limited to, adhesive bonding, vulcanization fixing, and bolting.

[0055] It should be noted that the elastic layer 31 is not strictly limited to being installed on the outer circumference of the sleeper assembly. An alternative design is that the elastic layer 31 can be set on the outer circumference of the sleeper groove 40 on the track slab 4 by adhesive bonding or other means, and the sleeper assembly 3 is embedded in the sleeper groove 40 by the compression deformation of the elastic layer 31.

[0056] In order to make the sleeper assembly 3 more stable in the sleeper slot 40, prevent the sleeper assembly from overturning, nodding, pulling out, rotating and other diseases, the sleeper assembly 3 in the sleeper slot 40 should have enough embedding force to form self-stabilizing ability. Therefore, in the design, the inner diameter D1 of the cylindrical wall surface 41a of the sleeper slot 40 of the track plate 4 should be smaller than the outer diameter D2 of the elastic layer 31 of the sleeper, so as to ensure that the sleeper assembly 3 has enough extrusion force when it is embedded in the cylindrical wall surface 41a of the sleeper slot 40 through the elastic layer 31, thereby maintaining the stability of the sleeper assembly 3.

[0057] As shown in Figure 2 In order to facilitate installation and protect the elastic layer 31 during the installation of the sleeper assembly, a guide inlet 43 with a gradually changing opening larger than the outer diameter D2 of the elastic layer 31 is arranged at the top surface opening of the sleeper slot 40. A tapered opening can also be arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer 31, so that when the sleeper assembly 3 is embedded into the sleeper slot 40, a transition guide is formed, which facilitates embedding and does not damage the elastic layer 31.

[0058] In order to prevent water from entering the sleeper slot 40 and forming water dynamic pressure to damage the sleeper and track plate structure under dynamic load, after the sleeper assembly 3 is embedded into the sleeper slot 40 and installed in place, a sealing filling layer 33 is arranged on the gradually changing opening guide inlet 43. The sleeper 30 and the sleeper slot 40 are tightly matched and a sealing filling layer 33 is arranged at the top, which constitutes two sealing measures to prevent external water, air, dust and other impurities from entering the sleeper slot 40.

[0059] As shown in Figure 3 A cylindrical sleeve 36 is arranged around the outer periphery of the sleeper 30, and the elastic layer 31 is connected to the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the sleeve 36. The elastic layer 31 and the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the sleeve 36 are fixed together, and the fixed connection mode includes but is not limited to gluing, vulcanization fixing, bolts and other modes. A preferred sleeper assembly manufacturing method is to first fix and connect the elastic layer 31 and the sleeve 36 by gluing, vulcanization fixing, bolts and other modes, then place the steel bars in the sleeve 36, and finally pour the concrete material in it. The concrete material can be selected to have certain micro-expansion performance, so that after solidification, the connection between the sleeper concrete and the sleeve is more firm and the integrity is better.

[0060] The sleeve 36 sleeving the sleeper concrete has the following advantages:

[0061] (1) High structural bearing capacity. The sleeve 36 protects the sleeper concrete, and the sleeper concrete is in a three-way stress state under the constraint of the sleeve 36, so that the core concrete has higher compressive strength and deformation performance, thereby making the sleeper have very high bearing capacity.

[0062] (2) Good plasticity and toughness. The concrete in the core is not only improved in elastic property during the working stage, but also has the characteristics of great plastic deformation when it is broken, under the constraint of the sleeve 36.

[0063] (3) Economic and convenient manufacturing process. The sleeve 36 is used as the template of the sleeper 30 in the prefabrication stage and as the bearing component in the use stage. Therefore, the parts such as the template in the concrete pouring process can be reduced, the prefabrication process is simplified, and the construction period is shortened.

[0064] As shown in Figure 8 , the sleeve seat 41 is arranged on the track slab 4. In order to strengthen the connection between the sleeve seat 41 and the track slab 4 and better transmit the force, the anchoring connection structure 44 is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve seat 41. The anchoring connection structure 44 is connected with the steel bars inside the track slab 4. The sleeper assembly 3 transmits the load to the track slab 4 through the sleeper bottom pad 8, the sleeve seat 41 and the anchoring connection structure 44.

[0065] It should be noted that the sleeper assembly 3 is embedded and extruded on the sleeper groove 40 through the compression deformation of the elastic layer 31. This connection mode has the following characteristics:

[0066] The embedded and extruded force between the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove is large and uniform, and the safety and stability of the sleeper assembly can be easily maintained;

[0067] The sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove have good sealing property. On the one hand, the sealing property can prevent the moisture and dust in the outside from entering the sleeper groove. On the other hand, the sealing property can also prevent the grouting from leaking from the contact periphery between the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove when the grouting is injected into the lifting space 39. Therefore, the sealing property also has the function of isolation and sealing for the grouting, which lays the foundation for the height adjustment method of the embodiment.

[0068] In order to realize the dynamic non-removal height adjustment method, the grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 need to be arranged. The positions of the grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 are generally arranged on the sleeper 30 or the track slab 4, and are preferably arranged on the sleeper 30. The grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 can be prearranged during prefabrication, or can not be prearranged. When the grouting needs to be maintained, the grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 are drilled on site by using a drilling device. The grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 penetrate the sleeper 30 and the track bottom pad 8 to the bottom of the sleeper assembly, forming a grouting and exhaust channel.

[0069] In addition, in order to perform the dynamic non-removal height adjustment without loosening the track 1 and the fastener assembly 2, the grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 are arranged outside the iron pad and the track coverage area, and are distributed at a distance, and are preferably distributed at two opposite angles, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0070] It should be noted that dynamic, non-removable height adjustment refers to raising the sleeper assembly to a certain height in situ without loosening or removing the track or completely removing the sleeper assembly from its slot, and then filling the raised space with grout. The "dynamic" aspect here refers to the ability to adjust according to the manager's needs. Of course, for ease of management, the choice between fastener adjustment and sleeper adjustment can be made based on the track subsidence. Generally, when the track subsidence is within 15mm, it is recommended to prioritize fastener adjustment. When the track subsidence exceeds the fastener's adjustable range of 15mm, sleeper adjustment can be used to raise the sleeper to the correct height in one go, and then this adjustment method can be repeated for multiple cycles.

[0071] The following is combined Figures 5-7 This section details the method for adjusting the height of ballastless tracks. Figure 4 The image shows the state of the sleeper assembly before it is raised, with the sleeper bottom pad 8 supported at the bottom of the sleeper groove. Figure 5 The diagram shows the state of the sleeper assembly after it has been raised to a certain height. Since the sleeper assembly and the sleeper groove are connected by compression deformation of the elastic layer, the sleeper assembly 3 can be raised along the sleeper groove 40 under the action of external force. At the same time, after being raised, the bottom of the sleeper assembly to the sleeper groove forms a lifting space 39, and the grouting hole 37 and the vent hole 38 are connected to the lifting space 39. Figure 6 The diagram shows the state of the sleeper assembly after grouting. Grouting is performed on the raised space 39 through grouting holes 37 and vent holes 38. The raised space 39 is filled with grout and solidifies to form a filling layer. The grouting material can be cement mortar, CA mortar, or polymer grouting liquid. Generally, polymer grouting liquid with a shorter setting time is recommended.

[0072] It should be noted that, as can be seen from the above method and structure for raising the sleeper assembly 3, the groove depth H is always equal to the sleeper groove depth, and is equal to the sum of the raised sleeper groove depth h and the filling layer thickness Δh. Therefore, the raising method in this embodiment will not reduce the groove depth as the sleeper assembly is raised, thus ensuring that the sleeper assembly has sufficient groove depth, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the train.

[0073] The ballastless track height adjustment method of this embodiment includes the following main steps:

[0074] A. Measure the rail surface elevation to determine whether the rail settlement exceeds the adjustable range of the fasteners;

[0075] B. Select the adjustment method. If the track subsidence does not exceed the adjustable amount of the fastener, adjust via the fastener. If the track subsidence exceeds the adjustable amount of the fastener, adjust via the sleeper assembly.

[0076] C. When adjusting using a sleeper assembly, the following steps are included:

[0077] a. lifting the sleeper assembly to the required elevation by the jacking equipment;

[0078] b. preparing the grouting liquid according to the requirements;

[0079] c. injecting the grouting liquid into the lifting space 39 between the bottom of the sleeper assembly and the sleeper slot through the grouting device;

[0080] d. removing the jacking equipment after the grouting liquid solidifies to the required strength;

[0081] Specifically, the grouting liquid in the present embodiment uses conventional products on the market, which are selected according to actual needs, and will not be described here.

[0082] When adjusting the sleeper assembly, the steps of removing and restoring the sealing layer 33, monitoring the rail surface elevation during the height adjustment process, and sealing the grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 should also be included. Generally, the sealing layer 33 should be removed before lifting the sleeper assembly, and the grouting hole 37 and the exhaust hole 38 should be sealed and the sealing layer 33 should be restored after grouting.

[0083] It should be noted that when the sleeper does not have pre-drilled grouting holes 37 and exhaust holes 38, the required grouting holes 37 and exhaust holes 38 should be drilled and cleaned on the sleeper assembly or the track slab before grouting. This step is recommended to be completed before the sleeper assembly lifting step.

[0084] Although the flow resistance from the grouting hole 37 to the exhaust hole 38 is small, it is still recommended to apply a certain pressure when grouting to ensure that the grouting liquid can fill the lifting space 39 between the bottom of the sleeper assembly and the sleeper slot. At the same time, it should be noted that the grouting pressure should be controlled to be not too large, and generally the jacking force generated by the grouting pressure on the sleeper assembly is less than the friction between the elastic layer of the sleeper assembly and the track slab sleeper slot, preventing further lifting of the sleeper assembly and causing disturbance to the rail surface elevation.

[0085] Compared with the traditional high-speed railway ballastless track, the technical bottleneck that the traditional ballastless track can only adjust the elevation through the fastener part is solved by setting the liftable and adjustable structure and mode at the sleeper part. The track elevation adjustment range of the sleeper height adjustment method of the embodiment can be greatly improved. The track height adjustment range is the sum of the height adjustment range of the sleeper assembly 3 and the fastener assembly 2. In general, the height adjustment range of the sleeper assembly 3 is 50-150 mm, and the height adjustment range of the fastener assembly 2 is 10-15 mm. Through coordination, the height adjustment range of 60-165 mm can be realized, which is comparable to the ballasted track. Therefore, the ability of the ballastless track to adapt to the deformation of the subgrade under the track is significantly enhanced. The structure is especially suitable for the ballastless track of the subgrade section with special geological conditions. At the same time, by setting the elastic pad layer on the side surface and the bottom of the cylindrical sleeper, the vibration and noise reduction effect of the ballastless track can be enhanced, and the comfort and environmental friendliness of the ballastless track operation can be significantly improved.

[0086] Compared with the traditional elastic support block type ballastless track, the cylindrical sleeper structure is set for the sleeper 30 and the sleeper groove 40, the sleeper 30 and the sleeper groove 40 are tightly nested together through the elastic layer 31, the cylindrical elastic support sleeper structure has uniform stress in all directions, small stress concentration, large and uniform embedding force, and more easily guaranteed size precision, can effectively prevent water and dust from entering, and also reduces the construction difficulty of the sleeper assembly 3 and improves the stability of the sleeper assembly 3, which can adapt to higher train running speed.

[0087] The above is the embodiment of the embodiment, but the embodiment is not limited to the above optional implementation manner, and those skilled in the art can obtain other various implementation manners by arbitrarily combining the above manners with each other. Any person can obtain other various forms of implementation manners under the inspiration of the embodiment. The above specific implementation manner should not be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the embodiment, and the protection scope of the embodiment should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A lift-off rail dynamic height adjustment ballastless track structure, characterized in that: The track (1) comprises a base support structure (6) and a track plate (4) arranged on the base (7), a sleeper slot (40) is formed on the track plate (4) to accommodate a sleeper assembly (3), the sleeper assembly (3) is connected to the sleeper slot (40) by compression deformation of the elastic layer and keeps the sealing of the connecting surface, the sleeper assembly (3) is kept in the sleeper slot (40) when the height of the track (1) is adjusted, and a closed lifting cavity is formed between the bottom of the sleeper slot (40) and the sleeper assembly (3), a grouting hole and an exhaust hole are formed on the sleeper assembly (3) to communicate with the lifting cavity, the lifting cavity is filled with grouting liquid and solidified to form a filling layer, the sleeper assembly (3) and the filling layer form an integral structure to bear external load, and the track (1) is connected and matched above the sleeper assembly (3).

2. The ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeper slot (40) is arranged at intervals on the track plate (4) and is arranged in pairs, the sleeper slot (40) comprises a circular slot and a cylindrical slot body extending downward from the upper surface of the track plate (4).

3. The ballastless track structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeper assembly (3) comprises a cylindrical sleeper (30) and is correspondingly matched with the sleeper slot (40), the grouting hole extends from the upper end surface to the lower end surface of the sleeper (30) and communicates with the lifting cavity, and the exhaust hole extends from the lower end surface of the sleeper (30) to the upper end surface of the sleeper (30) and is used to exhaust the gas in the lifting cavity.

4. The ballastless track structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sleeper (30) is matched with a rail pad below, and the rail pad is provided with through holes corresponding to the grouting hole and the exhaust hole.

5. The ballastless track structure according to claim 3, wherein: The elastic layer (31) is wrapped on the side surface of the sleeper (30), and the elastic layer (31) is compressed and deformed by the inner side wall of the sleeper slot (40) after the sleeper (30) is matched to the sleeper slot (40).

6. The maintenance-free, dynamically-height-adjustable ballastless track structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The sleeper (30) comprises a sleeve and a pouring member inside the sleeve, and the elastic layer (31) is wrapped on the outer side surface of the sleeve.

7. The ballastless track structure of claim 1, wherein: The inner wall surface of the sleeper slot (40) is provided with a sleeve seat, and the outer side wall of the sleeper assembly (3) is matched with the sleeper slot (40).

Images