Drilling tool structure for karst cave area

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drilling tool structure for a karst cave area, which comprises a drill pipe column, a lower joint and a drill bit, a plurality of support rods are arranged on the side wall of the drill pipe column along the circumferential direction at intervals, one end of each support rod is rotatably connected with the side wall of the drill pipe column, the lower joint is vertically arranged below the drill pipe column, and the drill bit is arranged on the lower joint. A plurality of connecting rods are arranged on the side wall of the lower connector in the circumferential direction at intervals, one end of each connecting rod is rotationally connected with the side wall of the lower connector, the other end of each connecting rod is rotationally connected with the other end of the supporting rod, and a plurality of cutting teeth are fixedly arranged on the side wall of each connecting rod; the drill bit is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower connector through a screw thread and communicated with the lower connector. Through the arrangement, the hole opening in the bottom wall of the karst cave is expanded to be trumpet-shaped, so that the receiving area of the hole opening end during casing running operation is increased, and a casing can conveniently extend into a drill hole in the bottom wall of the karst cave under the guidance of the trumpet-shaped hole opening.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a drilling tool structure for karst cave area. BACKGROUND

[0002] Karst fissure caves develop in karst areas, and large-scale unfilled karst cave areas are often drilled during drilling construction, and the karst cave area cannot form effective restraint and support for the drill string during drilling operation, so that the drill string is deformed and deviated to a large extent under the action of high-speed rotation and vertical drilling pressure, that is, the drill string cannot remain in a vertical state, and although the drill bit can continue to drill into the bottom of the karst cave, the drilling hole is prone to deviation.

[0003] Most drilling holes need to be protected by a steel casing for complete drilling operation, and the casing is lowered into the hole after drilling is completed, but the casing is difficult to be inserted into the drilling hole at the bottom of the karst cave due to the obvious deviation of the drilling hole caused by the drilling of the karst cave, which causes the pipe-lowering process to stop and the drilling hole to fail. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model intends to provide a drilling tool structure for karst cave area to solve the problem that the drilling trajectory of the unfilled karst cave area is easy to deviate, and the casing is difficult to enter the drilling hole at the bottom of the karst cave during casing lowering operation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A drilling tool structure for karst cave area, comprising a drill string, a lower joint and a drill bit, a plurality of support rods are arranged on the side wall of the drill string at intervals in the circumferential direction, one end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the drill string, the lower joint is arranged below the drill string in the vertical direction, and the top of the lower joint is slidably sleeved on the bottom of the drill string, a plurality of connecting rods are arranged on the side wall of the lower joint at intervals in the circumferential direction, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the lower joint, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the support rod, a plurality of cutting teeth are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod, and the drill bit is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the lower joint through a thread and is in communication with the lower joint.

[0007] The principle and effect of the technical scheme are as follows:

[0008] When a karst cave is encountered, a hole is drilled at the top of the karst cave, and the device is placed in the karst cave in the posture of the connecting rod and the support rod being close to the lower joint and the drill string respectively, when the drill bit abuts against the bottom wall of the karst cave, the drill string moves downward relative to the lower joint to open the support rod and the connecting rod, until the drill string cannot continue to move downward, at this time, the drill string is pressed downward and rotated, the drill bit is wedged into the rock layer at the bottom of the karst cave, the cutting teeth fixedly arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod enlarge the hole at the bottom wall of the karst cave into a horn shape, and after the drilling is completed, the drill string is lifted, and the drill string moves upward relative to the lower joint to retract the support rod and the connecting rod.

[0009] Through the above setting, the hole of the bottom wall of the karst cave is enlarged into a horn shape, the receiving area of the hole end during the casing operation is increased, and the casing is guided into the drill hole of the bottom wall of the karst cave under the guidance of the horn-shaped hole.

[0010] In the utility model, the inner wall of lower joint is vertically provided with a sliding groove, the bottom of the outer wall of drill rod column is fixedly provided with a protruding block, and the protruding block is slidingly embedded in the sliding groove. Through the above setting, the rotary torque of the drill rod column can be downwardly transmitted to the drill bit at the lower part through the sliding groove.

[0011] In the utility model, the top of drill rod column is provided with a centralizer. Through the above setting, the deflection swing of the drill rod column during the drilling operation can be reduced.

[0012] In the utility model, the drill bit has an inner bottom and an outer wing, and a plurality of cutting teeth are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner bottom and the outer wing. Through the above setting, the drill bit can be conveniently wedged into the rock stratum, and the lateral deviation swing of the drill bit can be reduced.

[0013] In the utility model, the outer periphery of the top of lower joint is fixedly provided with a limiting ring.

[0014] The principle and effects of the technical scheme are as follows:

[0015] When the connecting rod abuts against the side wall of the limiting ring, the connecting rod and the axis of the lower joint and the axis of the support rod and the drill rod column each form an included angle.

[0016] Through the above setting, when the drill rod column moves downward relative to the lower joint, the connecting rod and the support rod can be opened, and the practicability of the utility model is improved.

[0017] In the utility model, an adjusting mechanism and a driving mechanism are further included, the adjusting mechanism includes a sliding block and a limiting rod, the top of the side wall of the sliding groove is transversely recessed with a first mounting slot, the top wall of the first mounting slot is provided with a second mounting slot, the sliding block is slidingly embedded in the first mounting slot, the limiting rod is slidingly embedded in the second mounting slot, two pin holes matched with the limiting rod are separately arranged at the top of the sliding block along the length direction of the first mounting slot, and the driving mechanism can drive the sliding block to move.

[0018] In the utility model, the driving mechanism includes a tension spring and a compression spring, the end wall of the first mounting slot is provided with a first through hole, the side wall of the sliding block is fixedly provided with a first pin rod, the first pin rod is slidingly penetrated through the first through hole, the tension spring is connected between the end wall of the first mounting slot and the sliding block, the top wall of the second mounting slot is provided with a second through hole, the top of the limiting rod is fixedly provided with a second pin rod, the second pin rod is slidingly penetrated through the second through hole, the side wall of the second through hole is provided with a through groove, the side wall of the second pin rod is fixedly provided with a lever, the lever penetrates through the through groove and can slide up and down along the through groove, and the compression spring is sleeved on the second pin rod between the top wall of the second mounting slot and the limiting rod.

[0019] The principle and effects of this technical solution:

[0020] Initially, the slider is located in the first mounting groove, and the limiting rod is inserted into one of the pin holes. Before drilling begins, the device is placed on the ground above the cave. The drill rod is raised, and the protrusion moves upward and passes through the first mounting groove. As the top of the protrusion contacts the lever, the protrusion continues to move upward, pushing the lever upward within the height range of the groove. This, in turn, drives the limiting rod upward until it disengages from one of the pin holes. At this point, the compression spring has elastic force. Then, an external force is applied to push the first pin, causing the slider to protrude from the side wall of the groove and align the other pin hole with the limiting rod. The drill rod is slowly lowered until the bottom of the protrusion abuts against the top of the slider. The compression spring pushes the limiting rod into the other pin hole, releasing the force applied to the slider. At this point, the tension spring has elastic force. The drill string is rotated by the spring force to drill a hole in the rock strata above the cave. At this time, the support rod and connecting rod are both located within the projection plane of the drill bit. After the drill bit penetrates the rock strata above the cave, the drill bit and lower connector, losing their bottom support, move downwards relative to the drill string under the action of gravity. The protrusion contacts the lever again and pushes it to move the limiting rod upwards within the height range of the through groove. The limiting rod moves upwards and disengages from another pin hole. The slider moves into the first mounting groove under the action of the tension spring. When the drill bit contacts the rock strata at the bottom of the cave, the drill string continues to descend, allowing the protrusion to pass through the first mounting groove and abut against the bottom of the sliding groove. The drill string is then rotated to drill a hole in the rock strata at the bottom of the cave, enlarging the opening in the cave floor into a trumpet shape. This setup allows for drilling of both the rock strata above and at the bottom of the cave in one operation, simplifying the operation and improving drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an isometric drawing of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an axonometric sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an axonometric drawing of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an axonometric sectional view of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0027] The reference signs in the drawings of the specification include: 10, drill pipe column; 11, support rod; 12, protruding block; 20, lower joint; 21, connecting rod; 22, sliding groove; 23, first mounting groove; 231, first through hole; 24, second mounting groove; 241, second through hole; 242, through groove; 30, cutting tooth; 40, drill bit; 41, inner bottom; 42, outer wing; 50, centralizer; 60, limiting ring; 71, sliding block; 711, pin hole; 712, first pin rod; 72, limiting rod; 721, second pin rod; 722, push rod; 81, tension spring; 82, compression spring.

[0028] First embodiment:

[0029] As shown in the accompanying drawings Figures 1-2 The utility model discloses a kind of drill tool structures for karst cave area, including drill pipe column 10, lower joint 20 and drill bit 40, the side wall of the drill pipe column 10 is spaced apart and is provided with a plurality of support rods 11 along its circumference, support rod 11 one end is rotatably connected with the side wall of drill pipe column 10, the lower joint 20 is vertically arranged in the lower of drill pipe column 10, and the top of lower joint 20 is slidably sleeved in the bottom of drill pipe column 10, the side wall of lower joint 20 is spaced apart and is provided with a plurality of connecting rods 21 along its circumference, connecting rod 21 one end is rotatably connected with the side wall of lower joint 20, and connecting rod 21 other end is rotatably connected with the other end of support rod 11, and the side wall of connecting rod 21 is fixedly provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 30, the drill bit 40 is fixedly arranged in the bottom of lower joint 20 by screw thread, and is communicated with lower joint 20.

[0030] In the embodiment, the inner wall of the lower joint 20 is vertically provided with a sliding groove 22, and the bottom of the outer wall of the drill pipe column 10 is fixedly provided with a protruding block 12, the protruding block 12 is slidably embedded in the sliding groove 22.

[0031] In the embodiment, the top of the drill pipe column 10 is provided with a centralizer 50.

[0032] In the embodiment, the drill bit 40 has an inner bottom 41 and an outer wing 42, and the bottom of the inner bottom 41 and the outer wing 42 is fixedly provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 30.

[0033] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0034] When encountering a karst cave, drill a hole at the top of the cave. Place the device into the cave with the connecting rod 21 and support rod 11 close to the lower connector 20 and drill rod 10, respectively. When the drill bit 40 comes into contact with the bottom wall of the cave, the drill rod 10 moves downward relative to the lower connector 20 to open the support rod 11 and connecting rod 21 until the drill rod 10 can no longer move downward. At this point, press down and rotate the drill rod 10, and the drill bit 40 wedges into the rock layer at the bottom of the cave. The cutting teeth 30 fixed on the side wall of the connecting rod 21 enlarge the opening in the bottom wall of the cave into a trumpet shape. After drilling is completed, lift the drill rod 10, and the drill rod 10 moves upward relative to the lower connector 20 to retract the support rod 11 and connecting rod 21.

[0035] Second embodiment:

[0036] As attached Figures 3-5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a limiting ring 60 is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the top of the lower connector 20 in this embodiment.

[0037] In this embodiment, an adjustment mechanism and a driving mechanism are also included. The adjustment mechanism includes a slider 71 and a limiting rod 72. The top of the side wall of the slide groove 22 is provided with a first mounting groove 23 in a transverse direction. The top wall of the first mounting groove 23 is provided with a second mounting groove 24. The slider 71 is slidably embedded in the first mounting groove 23, and the limiting rod 72 is slidably embedded in the second mounting groove 24. The top of the slider 71 is provided with two pin holes 711 that cooperate with the limiting rod 72 at intervals along the length direction of the first mounting groove 23. The driving mechanism can drive the slider 71 to move.

[0038] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a tension spring 81 and a compression spring 82. A first through hole 231 is formed in the end wall of the first mounting groove 23. A first pin 712 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the slider 71, and the first pin 712 slides through the first through hole 231. The tension spring 81 connects the end wall of the first mounting groove 23 and the slider 71. A second through hole 241 is formed in the top wall of the second mounting groove 24. A second pin 721 is fixedly provided on the top of the limiting rod 72, and the second pin 721 slides through the second through hole 241. A through groove 242 is formed in the side wall of the second through hole 241. A lever 722 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the second pin 721, and the lever 722 passes through the through groove 242 and can slide up and down along the through groove 242. The compression spring 82 is sleeved between the top wall of the second mounting groove 24 and the limiting rod 72 and the second pin 721. (Referring to...) Figures 4-5 As shown, the width of the through groove 242 is not less than the width of the lever 722, and the height of the through groove 242 is greater than the height of the lever 722, so that the lever 722 can slide up and down along the through groove 242.

[0039] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0040] When the connecting rod 21 abuts against the side wall of the limiting ring 60, the connecting rod 21 and the axis of the lower joint 20 and the axis of the support rod 11 and the drill rod string 10 each form an included angle.

[0041] In the initial state, the sliding block 71 is located in the first installation slot 23, and the limiting rod 72 is inserted into one of the pin holes 711. Before starting drilling, the device is placed on the ground above the cave, the drill rod string 10 is lifted, the protrusion 12 moves upward and passes through the first installation slot 23. When the top of the protrusion 12 contacts the push rod 722, the protrusion 12 continues to move upward, the protrusion 12 pushes the push rod 722 to move upward within the height range of the through slot 242, thereby driving the limiting rod 72 to move upward until it is separated from one of the pin holes 711. At this time, the compression spring 82 has elastic force. Then, an external force is applied to push the first pin rod 712, so that the sliding block 71 protrudes from the side wall of the sliding groove 22, and the other pin hole 711 is aligned with the limiting rod 72. The drill rod string 10 is slowly lowered until the bottom of the protrusion 12 abuts against the top of the sliding block 71. The compression spring 82 pushes the limiting rod 72 to be inserted into the other pin hole 711. The force applied to the sliding block 71 is removed. At this time, the tension spring 81 has elastic force. The drill rod string 10 is rotated to drill the rock layer above the cave. At this time, the support rod 11 and the connecting rod 21 are located in the projection plane of the drill bit 40. When the drill bit 40 penetrates the rock layer above the cave, the drill bit 40 and the lower joint 20 move downward relative to the drill rod string 10 under the action of gravity after losing the support of the bottom. The protrusion 12 contacts the push rod 722 again, and pushes the push rod 722 again to drive the limiting rod 72 to move upward within the height range of the through slot 242. The limiting rod 72 moves upward and separates from the other pin hole 711. The sliding block 71 moves to the first installation slot 23 under the action of the tension spring 81. When the drill bit 40 contacts the rock layer at the bottom of the cave, the drill rod string 10 is further lowered, so that the protrusion 12 passes through the first installation slot 23 and abuts against the bottom of the sliding groove 22. The drill rod string 10 is rotated to drill the rock layer at the bottom of the cave and enlarge the hole at the bottom wall of the cave into a trumpet shape.

[0042] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the well-known specific technical solutions or common knowledge in the scheme are not described in detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical scheme of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of the claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A drill tool structure for a cavern region, characterized by, The utility model relates to a drilling device, including: a drill pipe column, the side wall of the drill pipe column is provided with a plurality of support rods along the circumference thereof, one end of the support rod is rotatably connected with the side wall of the drill pipe column; a lower joint is arranged below the drill pipe column along the vertical direction, the top of the lower joint is slidably sleeved on the bottom of the drill pipe column, the side wall of the lower joint is provided with a plurality of connecting rods along the circumference thereof, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the side wall of the lower joint, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the other end of the support rod, a plurality of cutting teeth are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod, the inner wall of the lower joint is provided with a sliding groove along the vertical direction, the bottom of the outer wall of the drill pipe column is fixedly provided with a protrusion, the protrusion is slidably embedded in the sliding groove; a drill bit is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the lower joint through a thread and communicates with the lower joint; the adjusting mechanism includes a sliding block and a limiting rod, the top of the side wall of the sliding groove is recessed with a first mounting groove along the transverse direction, the top wall of the first mounting groove is provided with a second mounting groove, the sliding block is slidably embedded in the first mounting groove, the limiting rod is slidably embedded in the second mounting groove, the top of the sliding block is provided with two pin holes along the length direction of the first mounting groove, the driving mechanism can drive the sliding block to move.

2. The drill tool configuration for cave region of claim 1, wherein: The top of the drill pipe column is provided with a centralizer.

3. The drill tool configuration for cave region as defined in claim 2 wherein: The drill bit has an inner bottom and an outer wing, the bottom of the inner bottom and the outer wing is fixedly provided with a plurality of cutting teeth.

4. A drill tool configuration for cave region according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the top of the lower joint is fixedly provided with a limiting ring.

5. The drill tool configuration for cave region as defined in claim 4 wherein: The driving mechanism includes a tension spring and a compression spring, the end wall of the first mounting groove is provided with a first through hole, the side wall of the sliding block is fixedly provided with a first pin rod, the first pin rod is slidably embedded in the first through hole, the tension spring is connected with the end wall of the first mounting groove and the sliding block respectively, the top wall of the second mounting groove is provided with a second through hole, the top of the limiting rod is fixedly provided with a second pin rod, the second pin rod is slidably embedded in the second through hole, the side wall of the second through hole is provided with a through groove, the side wall of the second pin rod is fixedly provided with a lever, the lever passes through the through groove and can slide up and down along the through groove, the compression spring is sleeved on the second pin rod between the top wall of the second mounting groove and the limiting rod.

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