Central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot air drying room
By using a centrally distributed air distribution design and biomass heat source, the problems of uneven temperature and humidity and environmental pollution in traditional drying rooms have been solved, achieving a highly efficient and environmentally friendly agricultural product drying process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423228714.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional drying ovens have defects in layout design, ventilation system construction, and heat transfer mechanism, resulting in uneven distribution of temperature, humidity and airflow in different areas of the drying oven, leading to uneven drying degree, increasing the labor intensity of workers and processing costs, while the use of coal fuel causes environmental pollution.
It adopts a central air distribution design, using a biomass hot water boiler to provide heat source, combined with finned heat exchangers and reverse-arranged industrial fans to form a hot air circulation system. Precise temperature and humidity control is achieved through dampers and a dehumidification system to ensure the uniformity and efficiency of the drying process.
It improves drying efficiency and quality, reduces energy consumption, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and achieves an environmentally friendly and energy-saving drying process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223564601U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural product processing technology, more particularly to a central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot air drying room. BACKGROUND
[0002] At present, the defects existing in the layout design, ventilation system construction and heat transfer mechanism of the traditional drying room often lead to uneven distribution of temperature, humidity and airflow field between different areas in the drying room, such as between the carts and between the upper and lower layers of the carts, and further easily cause uneven drying degree between these areas. In order to ensure the uniformity of the products, the workers have to rely on frequent tray adjustment during the processing, which not only increases the labor intensity of the workers, but also significantly increases the processing cost of the enterprise.
[0003] In addition, most of the traditional drying rooms use coal as fuel, which not only consumes a lot of energy, but also causes serious pollution to the environment, which obviously does not meet the current development trend of environmental protection and energy saving. SUMMARY
[0004] In order to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot air drying room, which can effectively improve the drying efficiency and drying quality of the drying room. The motor is placed at the top of the drying chamber to reduce the loss of the motor in the high temperature and high humidity environment. At the same time, the industrial fan in the drying room is placed reversely, and the blowing area and negative pressure area are formed by the rotation of the fan blade, which promotes the circulation of hot air and makes the hot air effectively pass through the materials to ensure the uniformity and efficiency of the drying process.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of:
[0006] A central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot air drying room, the drying room comprises a combustion chamber and a drying chamber arranged side by side, the combustion chamber comprises an expansion water tank 2, the expansion water tank 2 is connected with a biomass hot water boiler 1, the biomass hot water boiler 1 supplies heat energy for the expansion water tank 2, the expansion water tank 2 is connected with a finned heat exchanger 14 in the drying chamber through a pipeline, and a temperature sensor 3 and a circulating water pump 4 are installed on the pipeline; the finned heat exchanger 14 is located in the drying chamber;
[0007] An industrial fan 15 is arranged horizontally corresponding to the finned heat exchanger 14 in the drying chamber, a motor 5 is installed at the top of the industrial fan 15, and a dehumidification fan 6 and a dehumidification window 7 are also installed at the top of the drying chamber.
[0008] A damper 13 is arranged near the side surface of the combustion chamber, the rotation of the fan blade is controlled by the motor 5, a stamping reinforcing rib is arranged in the damper 13, so that the damper 13 can be kept in an opening state at any angle within the range of 0-90°, and the opening and closing can be realized at any time; the damper 13 is mainly used for cold air supplement and temperature adjustment in the drying room;
[0009] The left side of the drying room is provided with a door 10, and a shelf cart 12 is arranged outside the door 10; the shelf cart 12 is pushed into the middle of the drying room through the door 10, and an observation window 11 is arranged on the door 10 to observe the drying condition in the drying room in real time;
[0010] The shelf cart 12 is provided with a tray, and one shelf cart 12 has 15 layers; four shelf carts 12 are arranged in sequence in the length direction of the drying room, and the interval between the shelf cart 12 and the wall and the interval between the shelf carts 12 are all 0.3 m;
[0011] In the width direction of the drying room, two shelf carts 12 are arranged in sequence.
[0012] The finned heat exchanger 14 is placed in the middle of the drying room, and the finned tubes on the finned heat exchanger 14 are connected through threads.
[0013] The industrial fan 15 is two, which are arranged on opposite sides in the drying room, and the blowing directions of the two industrial fans 15 are opposite.
[0014] Through rotation of the industrial fan 15, the industrial fan 15 on one side forms a blowing area, and hot air is blown to directly pass through the materials for drying; and the industrial fan 15 on the other side forms a negative pressure area in the corresponding area, and effectively attracts and guides the hot air blown by the former to continue to flow.
[0015] The industrial fan 15 and the motor 5 are connected through the flat belt 8.
[0016] The exhaust window 7 adopts the structure of an electric shutter, and the opening and closing of the exhaust window 7 can be controlled at any time through an electric device; and the exhaust window 7 is used for adjusting the humidity in the drying room.
[0017] The circulating water pump 4, the motor 5, the exhaust fan 6 and the air door 13 are connected with the controller 9, the controller 9 collects the temperature and humidity data in the drying room, and the model of the controller 9 is Lingkong LK3U.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
[0019] The utility model adopts the biomass hot water boiler 1 as a heat source, hot water is delivered to the finned heat exchanger 14 through the circulating water pump 4 to exchange heat, and a high-efficiency hot air circulation system is constructed in combination with the centrally arranged industrial fan 15, so that uniform drying of the materials is realized.
[0020] The motor 5 is optimized and arranged on the roof, so that the loss caused by the high-temperature and high-humidity environment is avoided, and the durability of the device is further improved.
[0021] Meanwhile, the moisture removal system and the intelligent controller are integrated, the temperature and humidity in the drying room can be accurately controlled, and the drying quality of the agricultural products is ensured. The partition design of the combustion chamber and the drying chamber improves the heat energy utilization efficiency and enhances the safety. The utility model discloses not only improve the drying efficiency and quality, but also reduce the energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] Fig. 1 It is the overall structure front view of the utility model.
[0023] Fig. 2 It is the overall structure side view of the utility model.
[0024] Fig. 3 It is the overall structure plan view of the utility model.
[0025] Reference signs:
[0026] Biomass hot water boiler 1, expansion water tank 2, temperature sensor 3, circulating water pump 4, motor 5, moisture removal fan 6, moisture removal window 7, flat belt 8, controller 9, door 10, observation window 11, goods shelf trolley 12, air door 13, finned heat exchanger 14, industrial fan 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The utility model will be further explained in detail in connection with the drawings.
[0028] As Figs. 1-3 The central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot air drying room utilizes biomass hot water boiler 1 to supply heat energy for expansion water tank 2, and the water temperature is monitored in real time by temperature sensor 3, then through the action of circulating water pump 4, it is guaranteed that hot water can uniformly flow through finned heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat.
[0029] The motor 5 of industrial fan 15 is arranged on the roof, so that the problem that the motor 5 is placed in high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time and generates great loss is solved. And power transmission is realized through flat belt 8. The moisture removal system of the drying room integrates moisture removal fan 6 and moisture removal window 7, so that the humidity in the drying room can be effectively managed.
[0030] The flat belt 8 is in the open state and is connected between the driving wheel and the driven wheel of industrial fan 15, and proper tension is maintained through the tensioning device, so that the stability and efficiency in the transmission process are ensured.
[0031] The circulating water pump 4, the motor 5, the exhaust fan 6 and the air door 13 are respectively connected with the controller 9, the controller 9 collects the temperature and humidity data in the drying room, the operation of the whole drying room is intelligently controlled by the controller 9, and it is ensured that each parameter is in the optimal state. The design of the air door 13 aims to flexibly adjust the cold air supplement in the drying room to achieve more accurate temperature control. When it is necessary to dry the agricultural products, the materials are placed on the shelf trolley 12 and easily pushed into the drying chamber through the door 10. The real-time state in the drying chamber can be directly observed and monitored through the observation window 11.
[0032] The design of the drying room can process 1 ton of agricultural products per batch, and the main structure is divided into two main areas: the left side is the drying chamber, which is specially used for hot air drying treatment of agricultural products; and the right side is the combustion chamber, which is the location of the biomass hot water boiler 1 and is responsible for providing the necessary heat energy for the drying chamber.
[0033] The size of the combustion chamber is 1.8 meters long and 2.5 meters wide, which together with the drying chamber completes the drying task. The height of the whole drying room is 2.6 meters, and the wall thickness is 0.05 meters, which is made of benzene board.
[0034] The internal size of the drying chamber is 4.9 meters long, 3 meters wide and 2.5 meters high, which can accommodate 1 ton of materials.
[0035] The materials are placed on each material disc that can bear about 8.5 kg, and the disc is placed on the shelf trolley 12. One shelf trolley 12 has 15 layers, and there are 4 such shelf trolleys 12. In the length direction of the drying room, 2 shelf trolleys 12 are sequentially placed, and the interval between the trolley and the wall and the shelf trolley 12 is 0.3 meters.
[0036] In the width direction of the drying room, 2 shelf trolleys 12 are sequentially placed, and the interval between the trolley and the wall is 0.28 meters, and the interval between the trolleys is 0.68 meters.
[0037] Each shelf trolley 12 of the drying room carries a total weight of 250 kg, the total length of the shelf trolley 12 is 2 m, the total width is 0.88 m, the overall height is about 1.9 m, there are 15 layers per trolley, each layer can place 2 material discs, each material disc carries about 8.5 kg, and the lowest layer of the shelf is 0.24 m away from the ground.
[0038] The finned heat exchanger 14 is placed in the middle of the drying chamber, with a size of about 4x1.5x0.07m, and there are 8 finned pipes. The outer diameter of the finned pipe base pipe is 25mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, the total outer diameter is 50mm, the fin thickness is 0.5mm, the fin distance is 3.6mm, and the fin height is 12.5mm. The finned pipes are connected by threads.
[0039] The drying room uses a biomass hot water boiler 1 to provide a heat source. The heated water from the biomass hot water boiler 1 exchanges heat with the air in the drying room through a heat exchanger. The hot air generated by the heat exchange is blown to the material layer by an industrial fan 15. The water after heat exchange flows back into the biomass hot water boiler 1 for secondary heating.
[0040] The two industrial fans 15 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the drying room, and their blowing directions are opposite. Through the rotation of the fan blades, one side of the industrial fan 15 forms a blowing area, and the hot air directly passes through the material for drying. The other side of the industrial fan 15 forms a negative pressure area in its corresponding area, effectively attracting and guiding the hot air blown by the former to continue to flow. In this way, the two fans work together, not only making the hot air evenly and efficiently pass through the material, but also forming a continuous hot air circulation through the suction effect of the negative pressure area.
[0041] During the control process, the controller 9 automatically adjusts the opening angle of the damper 13 according to the preset drying process requirements to control the amount of cold air supplement in the drying room, thereby adjusting the temperature in the drying room. At the same time, the controller 9 also controls the opening and closing state of the dehumidification window 7 according to the humidity monitoring results, effectively discharging excess moisture in the drying room, and ensuring the smooth progress of the drying process.
[0042] The damper 13 is located on the side of the drying room near the combustion chamber. The rotation of the fan blades is controlled by the motor 5. The stamping reinforcing ribs are arranged inside the fan blades to maintain any opening angle within the range of 0-90°, realizing the opening and closing at any time. The damper 13 is mainly used for cold air supplement and temperature adjustment in the drying room.
[0043] The dehumidification window 7 is designed as an electric shutter, which can be controlled to open and close at any time by an electric device. The dehumidification window 7 is mainly used for adjusting the humidity in the drying room.
[0044] When the biomass hot water boiler 1 is working, the biomass fuel enters the bunker through the feeding port, and then enters the combustion chamber through the red auger rotation. The fuel is fully burned in the combustion chamber under the action of the air blower. The flame rapidly heats the water through the fire tube that fully wraps the water, causing the water to generate hot water and circulate.
[0045] The drying chamber will have a large loss due to the long-term placement of the motor 5 of the industrial fan 15 in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment. Therefore, the motor 5 is designed to be placed on the roof to reduce the adverse effects of the internal environment of the drying room on the fan. The industrial fan 15 in the center of the drying room is placed reversely, and the blowing area and the negative pressure area are formed by the rotation of the fan blades. One side of the industrial fan 15 blows hot air through the material, and the other side of the industrial fan 15 forms a negative pressure area to attract the hot air blown by the other side of the industrial fan 15, forming a hot air circulation to dry the material in the drying room.
[0046] The working principle of the utility model:
[0047] After the material is treated in advance, the material is loaded into the material tray and placed on the goods shelf cart 12, and the goods shelf cart 12 is pushed into the drying room, and the drying room door 10 is closed. Biomass fuel is added into the hopper of the biomass hot water boiler 1, and high-temperature gas is generated by rapid combustion in the hearth to heat the cold water in the boiler to reach the set temperature, and the flue gas is discharged through the smoke exhaust port. The heated hot water is pumped into the finned heat exchanger 14 by the circulating water pump 4, and the air in the drying room is exchanged, and the hot air generated by the industrial fan 15 is blown to the material layer, and the water after heat exchange is returned to the biomass hot water boiler 11 for secondary heating.
[0048] After the hot air is generated at the finned heat exchanger 14, the industrial fan 15 located in the central part of the drying room is placed in the opposite direction, and the blowing area and the negative pressure area are formed by the rotation of the fan blade, the industrial fan 15 near the finned heat exchanger 14 blows the hot air through the material, and the negative pressure area formed by the other industrial fan 15 attracts the hot air, and the other industrial fan 15 forms a negative pressure area to attract the hot air blown by the industrial fan 15, forming a hot air circulation, so that the material in the drying room is dried.
[0049] During the drying process in the drying room, the controller 9 can monitor the indoor temperature and humidity in real time, the air is allowed to enter the drying room by opening the air door 13 to adjust the temperature in the drying room, and the humidity in the drying room is adjusted by opening and closing the exhaust fan 6.
Claims
1. A central plenum type agricultural biomass hot-air drying house, characterized in that, The drying room comprises a combustion chamber and a drying chamber arranged side by side, the combustion chamber comprises an expansion water tank (2) connected with a biomass hot water boiler (1), the biomass hot water boiler (1) supplies heat energy for the expansion water tank (2), the expansion water tank (2) is connected with a finned heat exchanger (14) in the drying chamber through a pipeline, and a temperature sensor (3) and a circulating water pump (4) are arranged on the pipeline; the finned heat exchanger (14) is arranged in the drying chamber. An industrial fan (15) is arranged horizontally corresponding to the finned heat exchanger (14) in the drying chamber, a motor (5) is arranged on the top of the industrial fan (15) outside the drying chamber, and a dehumidifying fan (6) and a dehumidifying window (7) are arranged on the top of the drying chamber.
2. The central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, A damper (13) is arranged on the side of the drying room close to the combustion chamber, the damper (13) is provided with a stamping reinforcing rib, and the damper (13) is used for cold air supplement and temperature adjustment in the drying room.
3. The central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, A room door (10) is arranged on the side of the drying room, a goods shelf trolley (12) is arranged outside the room door (10), and an observation window (11) is arranged on the room door (10).
4. The central air distribution type agricultural product biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 3, characterized in that, A tray is arranged on the goods shelf trolley (12), the goods shelf trolley (12) has 15 layers, there are four goods shelf trolleys (12) in total, two goods shelf trolleys (12) are sequentially arranged in the length direction of the drying room, and the interval between the goods shelf trolley (12) and the wall and the interval between the goods shelf trolleys (12) are both 0.3 m. Two goods shelf trolleys (12) are sequentially arranged in the width direction of the drying room.
5. The central air distribution type agricultural biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The finned heat exchanger (14) is arranged in the middle of the drying chamber, and the finned pipes on the finned heat exchanger (14) are connected through threads.
6. The central air distribution type agricultural biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The industrial fan (15) is arranged on the opposite sides of the drying chamber, and the blowing directions of the two industrial fans (15) are opposite. Through rotation of the blades of the industrial fan (15), the industrial fan (15) on one side forms a blowing area, hot air is blown out to directly dry the materials, and the industrial fan (15) on the other side forms a negative pressure area in the corresponding area, so that the hot air blown out by the former is effectively attracted and guided to continue to flow.
7. The central air distribution type agricultural biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The industrial fan (15) and the motor (5) are connected through a flat belt (8).
8. The central air distribution type agricultural biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehumidifying window (7) adopts the structure of an electric shutter, and is used for adjusting the humidity in the drying room.
9. The central air distribution type agricultural biomass hot-air drying room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating water pump (4), the motor (5), the dehumidifying fan (6) and the damper (13) are connected with a controller (9) respectively, the controller (9) collects temperature and humidity data in the drying room, and the model of the controller (9) is Lingkong LK3U.