Printing head mechanism and 3D printer

Abstract

According to the printing head mechanism and the 3D printer, a switching channel is located between a heating piece and an extrusion mechanism, during material returning, the heated deformation position of a consumable does not need to pass through an extruder, the molten consumable is prevented from being clamped at the position of the extruder, and then smooth material changing is guaranteed. According to the main technical scheme, the printing head mechanism comprises a main body assembly, and a switching channel is formed in the main body assembly; an extrusion mechanism; the spray head assembly is provided with a discharging channel, the spray head assembly at least comprises a heating piece, and the heating piece is used for heating consumables in the discharging channel; the switching channel is located between the extrusion mechanism and the spray head assembly, and the extrusion mechanism is used for moving one of the consumables so that the consumables can be conveyed to the discharging channel through the switching channel. The 3D printer is mainly used for 3D printing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to 3D printing technical field especially relates to a print head mechanism and 3D printer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In FDM printer, consumables are supplied in the form of filaments, and an extruder pushes the consumables by extrusion to send them into a print head. After entering the print head, the consumables are heated by a heating block in the print head and then become in a molten state, and are sprayed out of a nozzle below the print head, cooperating with the relative movement of the print head and the printing platform to realize spraying according to the model contour, layer by layer, to realize three-dimensional forming.

[0003] To realize the diversification of printed models, there is a scheme in the prior art that uses multiple different consumables to switch feeding to realize color printing. Multiple feeding channels are provided in the print head, and after converging together, they pass through an extrusion mechanism on the print head and are sprayed at the nozzle. The channels are curved at the converging position, and the temperature at the nozzle is high, so the consumables are mostly in a molten state at the nozzle. When switching consumables, the consumables need to be fed back, and the front end of the consumables close to the nozzle is melted and then retracts, which is easy to form nodules and cause the extrusion mechanism to be stuck when feeding back, so that the consumables cannot be normally switched. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the utility model provides a print head mechanism and a 3D printer.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model mainly provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] On the one hand, the utility model provides a print head mechanism, which comprises:

[0007] A main body assembly, a switching channel is formed in the main body assembly;

[0008] An extrusion mechanism;

[0009] A nozzle assembly, a discharging channel is formed in the nozzle assembly, and the nozzle assembly at least comprises a heating member for heating the consumables in the discharging channel;

[0010] The switching channel is located between the extrusion mechanism and the nozzle assembly, and the extrusion mechanism is used to move one of the multiple consumables to transmit the consumables to the discharging channel through the switching channel.

[0011] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a 3D printer, which comprises the print head mechanism according to any one of the above.

[0012] The utility model provides a kind of print head mechanism and 3D printer, mainly by switching channel is located between heating piece and extrusion mechanism, when material is returned, consumable is heated and deformed place does not need to pass through extruder, avoid the consumable that melts is stuck in extruder, then guarantee to change material smoothly.In prior art, multiple consumables are gathered after passing through multiple feeding channels, pass through extrusion mechanism on print head, and are sprayed at nozzle, when switching consumable, consumable is returned, and the front end of consumable close to nozzle is melted and retreated, easy to form nodule, cause the jam of extrusion mechanism when material is returned, cannot normally switch consumable.Compared with prior art, in the present application, switching channel is located between discharging channel and extruder, when extruder is conveying consumable, consumable is switched first by switching channel, enters discharging channel by switching channel, and then is heated and melted in discharging channel, when material is returned, only original consumable is withdrawn from discharging channel, and is returned to switching channel, the part of consumable that melts does not pass through extruder, does not affect the transmission of extruder, does not cause the extruder to be jammed, without cutting and extruding waste material of melting section of consumable, guarantee the success rate and efficiency of consumable switching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The first print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown in the structure diagram of the first perspective view.

[0014] Figure 2 The first print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown in the structure diagram of the second perspective view.

[0015] Figure 3 The first print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown in the sectional structure diagram of the first position.

[0016] Figure 4 The first print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown in the sectional structure diagram of the second position.

[0017] Figure 5 The second print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown in the sectional structure diagram of the first position.

[0018] Figure 6 The second print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown in the sectional structure diagram of the second position.

[0019] Figure 7 The second print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown in the exploded structure diagram.

[0020] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the upper switching piece in the print head mechanism provided by the utility model embodiment is shown.

[0021] Figure 9The structure schematic diagram of the heat dissipation piece and the nozzle assembly in the first visual angle in the printing head mechanism provided by the embodiment of the utility model is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 10 The structure schematic diagram of the heat dissipation piece and the nozzle assembly in the second visual angle in the printing head mechanism provided by the embodiment of the utility model is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 11 For Figure 9 The cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the heat dissipation piece and the nozzle assembly in the A-A position is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 12 The explosion structure schematic diagram of the heat insulation piece, the nozzle and the nozzle sleeve in the printing head mechanism provided by the embodiment of the utility model is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the utility model to achieve the predetermined utility model purposes, the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the printing head mechanism according to the utility model are described in detail as follows in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments. In order to facilitate the description, the light emitted by the light source is described in the form of light rays.

[0026] On the one hand, as shown in the figure, Figures 1-6 The utility model embodiment provides a printing head mechanism, which comprises:

[0027] The main body assembly 100 is provided with a switching channel 101;

[0028] The extrusion mechanism 200;

[0029] The nozzle assembly 300 is provided with a discharging channel 301, and the nozzle assembly 300 at least comprises a heating piece 310, which is used for heating the consumables in the discharging channel 301;

[0030] The switching channel 101 is located between the extrusion mechanism 200 and the nozzle assembly 300, and the extrusion mechanism 200 is used for moving one of the plurality of consumables, so that the consumables are transmitted to the discharging channel 301 through the switching channel 101.

[0031] The extrusion mechanism 200 is used to move a plurality of consumables, each of which can be controlled to move individually. In the following embodiments, the direction of conveying the consumables to one side of the nozzle assembly 300 is referred to as forward conveying, and the nozzle assembly 300 is used to heat and melt the consumables, and the direction of conveying the consumables away from one side of the nozzle assembly 300 is referred to as reverse conveying, so as to draw the consumables out of the discharge channel 301. The extrusion mechanism 200 moves a plurality of consumables, which can be the same consumables, and then when the consumables are used up, the next consumable can be conveyed to realize automatic replenishment. Or the plurality of consumables can also be different consumables, which can be consumables of different colors and / or consumables of different materials. During printing, one of the plurality of consumables is controlled to be forward conveyed according to the printing process, and then the consumable enters the discharge channel 301 through the switching channel 101, and after being heated and melted in the discharge channel 301, it is sprayed to the printing platform. During the replacement, the original consumable is controlled to be reverse conveyed and drawn out of the discharge channel 301, and then the new consumable is forward conveyed, so as to realize the replacement.

[0032] The switching channel 101 is used to guide a plurality of consumables and guide the consumable forward conveyed by the extrusion mechanism 200 into the discharge channel 301. The switching channel 101 can have various shapes, and the switching channel 101 is provided with an inlet opening 102 and a discharge opening 103 at two ends respectively. The inlet opening 102 corresponds to the extrusion mechanism 200, realizes the communication between the switching channel 101 and the extrusion mechanism 200, and the consumable can enter the switching channel 101 through the inlet opening 102. The inlet opening 102 can be a single one, and in order to enable a plurality of consumables to enter the switching channel 101 through the inlet opening 102, the inlet opening 102 needs to have a large area. Alternatively, the inlet opening 102 can be a plurality of openings, a single inlet opening 102 corresponds to a single consumable, and then the inlet opening 102 can be a smaller opening, which plays a restraining role on the consumable. The discharge opening 103 is connected with the discharge channel 301, and the opening area thereof can be consistent with the discharge channel 301, or slightly larger than the discharge channel 301, so as to avoid the consumable being stuck at the connection position of the discharge opening 103 and the discharge channel 301.

[0033] The nozzle assembly 300 can be connected to the main body assembly 100, and the end of the nozzle assembly 300 away from the main body assembly 100 is opposite to the printing platform, for spraying the molten consumables on the printing platform. The number of the discharge channel 301 is single, which can be extended in a single direction or can be curved. The inner diameter of the discharge channel 301 can be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the consumables, such as 0.05mm, 0.1mm, etc., to ensure smooth transmission of the consumables, and to guide and constrain the movement of the consumables. The heating element 310 is arranged on the outer periphery of at least part of the discharge channel 301, to ensure that the sprayed consumables have sufficient temperature, and the heating element 310 at least extends to the bottom end opening of the discharge channel 301 away from the switching channel 101, and the distance between the heating element 310 and the switching channel 101 can be set to a certain distance.

[0034] In the following embodiments, the switching channel 101 is used to guide one of the four consumables into the discharge channel 301, and the process of replacing the consumables and the process of changing the properties of the consumables are described as follows:

[0035] The extrusion mechanism 200 moves the four consumables in the forward direction, and the first consumable enters the switching channel 101 through the single feeding opening 102 or the feeding opening 102 corresponding to the first consumable, and changes position under the guidance of the switching channel 101, and then enters the discharge channel 301 through the discharge opening 103. Before entering the discharge channel 301, the first consumable is always in a non-molten solid state, and then in the switching channel 101, it will not accumulate due to changes in the shape of the switching channel 101, such as sudden changes in the inner diameter of the switching channel 101 and bending of the side wall. After entering the discharge channel 301, the consumables begin to melt under the heating of the heating element 310, and then are sprayed from the bottom end opening of the discharge channel 301 to the printing platform. When it is necessary to replace the consumables, the first consumable is directly driven in the reverse direction until the end of the first consumable moves at least away from the discharge opening 103. Then, the second consumable can be fed according to the needs, thereby achieving replacement of the consumables. In the following embodiments, the feeding of four consumables is taken as an example to describe the embodiments in detail, and it can be understood that the consumables can also be 2, 3, 5 or more.

[0036] The utility model discloses a kind of print head mechanism and 3D printer, mainly by switching channel is located between heating piece and extrusion mechanism, when material is returned, consumable is heated and deformed place does not need to pass through extruder, avoid the consumable that melts is stuck in extruder, in turn guarantee smooth replacement of material.The prior art, multiple consumables are gathered together after passing through multiple feeding channels, pass through extrusion mechanism on print head, and are sprayed at nozzle, when switching consumable, consumable needs to be returned, and the front end of consumable close to nozzle is retreated after melting, easy to form nodule, cause the jam of extrusion mechanism when material is returned cannot normally switch consumable.Compared with prior art, in the present application, switching channel is located between discharge channel and extruder, when extruder conveys consumable, consumable is switched first through switching channel, enters discharge channel by switching channel, and then is heated and melted in discharge channel, when material is returned, only original consumable is withdrawn from discharge channel, and is returned to switching channel, the part of consumable that melts does not pass through extruder, will not affect the transmission of extruder, will not cause extruder to be jammed, without cutting and extruding waste material of consumable melting section, guarantee the success rate and efficiency of consumable switching.

[0037] The number of feeding openings 102 and the specific form of switching channel 101 can be various, aiming at guiding different consumables to the same discharge opening 103.

[0038] In one embodiment, the feeding openings 102 can be multiple, and the number of discharge openings 103 is one. Different feeding openings 102 can be independent of each other, and different feeding openings 102 correspond to different consumables. Different consumables enter the switching channel 101 through different feeding openings 102. The switching channel 101 includes multiple sub-channels 1011 and one converging channel 1012. The first end of the sub-channel 1011 communicates with the feeding opening 102, the second end of the sub-channel 1011 communicates with the first end of the converging channel 1012, and the second end of the converging channel 1012 communicates with the discharge opening 103. The cross-sectional area of the converging channel 1012 decreases in the direction away from the extrusion mechanism 100.

[0039] The inner diameter of the feeding opening 102 and the sub-channel 1011 can be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding consumable, such as 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, etc., without affecting the transmission of the consumable, while playing a restraining role on the consumable. The sub-channel 1011 is provided, on the one hand, to stabilize the consumable, so that the consumable can smoothly enter the converging channel 1012; on the other hand, the extrusion mechanism 200 is arranged adjacent to the feeding opening 102, and the feeding opening 102 and the sub-channel 1011 can avoid the shaking of the consumable near the extrusion mechanism 200; on the other hand, when switching consumables, such as reverse transmission of the consumable, the end of the consumable can be moved to the junction of the sub-channel 1011 and the converging channel 1012, which ensures that multiple consumables do not interfere with each other while reducing the reverse transmission length and saving the material changing time, and without the need to cut off the consumable. The converging channel 1012 plays a role in converging the consumable removed from the sub-channel 1011, and is used to introduce the consumable into the discharge opening 103. The cross-sectional area of the converging channel 1012 can uniformly or non-uniformly decrease in the direction away from the extrusion mechanism 100, such as the inner wall of the converging channel 1012 being conical, pyramidal, spherical or aspherical, etc.

[0040] Alternatively, in another embodiment, the feeding opening 102 and the discharge opening 103 are both single. The area of at least part of the feeding opening 102 is larger than the area of the discharge opening 103, and the cross-sectional area of at least part of the switching channel 101 decreases in the direction close to the discharge opening 103.

[0041] For example, the switching channel 101 uniformly or non-uniformly decreases in cross-sectional area in the direction close to the discharge opening 103, such as the entire inner wall of the switching channel 101 being conical, pyramidal, spherical or aspherical, etc. Different consumables correspond to different regions of the feeding opening 102, and then the consumables are fed from different sides of the feeding opening 102.

[0042] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the feeding opening 102 is multiple and independent of each other, which can be that multiple consumables share one feeding opening 102, and the multiple consumables sharing one feeding opening 102 correspond to different regions of the feeding opening 102. For example, four consumables are grouped into two groups, two feeding openings 102 are provided, and a single feeding opening 102 corresponds to a group of consumables.

[0043] It can also be that the feeding opening 102 is multiple and independent of each other, and the sub-channel 1011 includes at least two levels of sub-channels, and the multiple levels of sub-channels are arranged in the direction from the feeding opening 102 to the converging channel 1012. For example, four feeding openings 102 correspond to four primary sub-channels, each group of primary sub-channels corresponds to a secondary sub-channel, and two secondary sub-channels converge into the converging channel 1012. Alternatively, there can be other ways, which are not described here.

[0044] In one embodiment, the plurality of sub-channels 1011 are inclined towards each other in the direction in which the printhead assembly 300 ejects the consumable.

[0045] In other words, the sub-channels 1011 are inclined towards the axis of the discharge channel 301 in the direction in which the printhead assembly 300 ejects the consumable, thereby reducing the space occupied by the sub-channels 1011 at the junction with the converging channels 1012, and reducing the size of the opening on the side of the converging channels 1012 at which they join the sub-channels 1011. This reduces the space occupied by the sub-channels 1011 and the converging channels 1012, and reduces the overall size of the mechanism. It also serves to guide the consumable, causing it to enter the converging channels 1012 in a direction that is inclined towards the middle, which facilitates the smooth entry of the consumable into the discharge opening 103 under the guidance of the converging channels 1012.

[0046] In one embodiment, the switching channel 101 further comprises a junction channel 1013, the second end of the converging channel 1012 being in communication with the discharge opening 103 via the junction channel 1013.

[0047] The inner diameter of the junction channel 1013 can be the same as or slightly larger than the inner diameter of the discharge channel 301, and the junction channel 1013 is coaxial with the discharge channel 301. The junction channel 1013 causes the direction of the consumable to be consistent at the junction of the switching channel 101 and the discharge channel 301, which makes the movement of the consumable smoother and improves the fault tolerance to machining errors.

[0048] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-4 The main body assembly 100 comprises a heat dissipation member 130, and at least part of the switching channel 101 is located on the heat dissipation member 130. The heat dissipation member 130 comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins arranged at intervals, which are used for heat dissipation to prevent the heat of the printhead assembly 300 from being transmitted upwards and causing the consumable to melt prematurely before it enters the printhead assembly 300. The fact that at least part of the switching channel 101 is located on the heat dissipation member 130 reduces the space occupied by the switching channel 101 and shortens the overall length of the printhead mechanism.

[0049] In the aforementioned embodiment in which the switching channel 101 comprises the converging channel 1012, the main body assembly 100 can comprise an upper switching member 110 and a heat dissipation member 130. The upper switching member 110 is provided with the sub-channels 1011, and the heat dissipation member 130 is provided with the converging channels 1012. The heat dissipation member 130 is connected to the printhead assembly 300, and is used for heat dissipation. The separate arrangement of the sub-channels 1011 and the converging channels 1012 facilitates machining and cleaning in the event of blockage. The printhead assembly 300 can be connected to the heat dissipation member 130 in a plug-in manner, and the converging channels 1012 extend to the heat dissipation member 130 at a position that is intermediate between the extrusion mechanism 200 and the printhead assembly 300, or as shown in Figure 4The middle position of the vertical direction is shown, and then the connection of the converging channel 1012 and the discharge channel 301 is realized by the middle position of the heat dissipation member 130.

[0050] In another embodiment, all switching channels 101 are located between the heat dissipation member 130 and the extrusion mechanism 200, and no switching channel 101 is arranged on the heat dissipation member 130. The heat of the nozzle assembly 300 is difficult to be transmitted to the switching channel 101 through the heat dissipation member 130, thereby ensuring the low temperature in the switching channel 101 and avoiding the problem that the consumables are easily blocked when heated.

[0051] In one embodiment, as shown in the drawings, Figures 5-7 The main body assembly 100 includes an upper switching member 110, a lower switching member 120, and a heat dissipation member 130. The upper switching member 110 is provided with a distribution channel 1011, the lower feeding member 220 is provided with a converging channel 1012, and the heat dissipation member 130 is provided with a heat dissipation channel 131. The converging channel 1012 is communicated with the discharge channel 301 through the heat dissipation channel 131, and the heat dissipation member 130 is used for heat dissipation. The upper switching member 110 and the lower switching member 120 can be separately arranged and connected together, or the upper switching member 110 and the lower switching member 120 are integrally formed, that is, the upper switching member 110 and the lower switching member 120 form the same component.

[0052] The lower switching member 120 is connected with the heat dissipation member 130, and the heat dissipation member 130 is connected with the nozzle assembly 300, which can be inserted into the heat dissipation member 130. The upper switching member 110 and the lower switching member 120 realize the separate arrangement of the distribution channel 1011 and the converging channel 1012, which is convenient for processing and cleaning when blocked.

[0053] In one embodiment, the main body assembly 100 further includes a main support body 140, and at least the upper switching member 110 and the heat dissipation member 130 are connected with the main support body 140.

[0054] The upper switching member 110 can be connected with the main support body 140, the lower switching member 120 is connected with the heat dissipation member 130, and then the heat dissipation member 130 is connected with the main support body 140, thereby facilitating disassembly and cleaning of the converging channel 1012. The main support body 140 can be a housing provided with an accommodation space. In one embodiment, the main support body 140 includes an accommodation space, and at least the extrusion mechanism 200 is located in the accommodation space. In addition, the aforementioned upper switching member 110, lower switching member 120, and heat dissipation member 130 can be arranged in the accommodation space, which plays a role in simple appearance and protection of each component.

[0055] In one embodiment, as shown in the drawings, Figure 8As shown, the upper switching piece 110 includes a connecting plate 111 and a plurality of extension cylinders 112, the extension cylinders 112 are connected with the connecting plate 111, a split channel 1011 is arranged on the extension cylinder 112, and penetrates through one side of the connecting plate 111 opposite to the extension cylinder 112.

[0056] The cylindrical structure of the extension cylinder 112 can save space on one hand, and on the other hand, can realize the accommodation of the extrusion mechanism 200, so that the extrusion mechanism 200 can better approach the feeding opening 102, ensure the stable transmission of the consumables, and at the same time, can reduce the material use of the extension cylinder 112. The connecting plate 111 facilitates the installation of the upper switching piece 110 and the position fixing of the extension cylinder 112.

[0057] In one embodiment, as shown in the drawings, Figure 8 The edge of the feeding opening 102 is provided with a first accommodation inclined surface 1021, and the first accommodation inclined surface 1021 is used for accommodating the extrusion mechanism 200.

[0058] The specific description of the action of the first accommodation inclined surface 1021 is as follows in combination with the structure of the extrusion mechanism 200: a set of fixed wheel assemblies and extrusion assemblies can be respectively arranged corresponding to any consumable, the fixed wheel assembly includes a rotating shaft and a first extrusion wheel, the rotating shaft is used for connecting an external motor, the extrusion assembly includes a handle, a second extrusion wheel and an elastic member, the handle is connected with the second extrusion wheel, and the handle and the main support body 140 are connected through the elastic member, the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel are used for penetrating through the consumable, the elastic member is used for providing the elastic force for extruding the consumable, and the motor is used for driving the fixed wheel assembly to rotate, thereby driving the consumable to move. Alternatively, as shown in the drawings, Figure 7 A single fixed wheel assembly is arranged, the fixed wheel assembly includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of first extrusion wheels, and the second extrusion wheels corresponding to the consumables needing to be moved are matched with the first extrusion wheels to clamp the consumables by controlling the movement of different handles. The first accommodation inclined surface 1021 is used for accommodating the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel, for example, two first accommodation inclined surfaces 1021 are arranged on the opposite sides in the radial direction of the feeding opening 102, and the two first accommodation inclined surfaces 1021 are respectively arc-shaped with the profiles of the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel.

[0059] In one embodiment, the extension cylinder 112 is inclined to the axis close to the converging channel 1012 in the direction in which the consumable is sprayed by the nozzle assembly 300, thereby realizing that the split channel 1011 is inclined to the axis close to the converging channel 1012 in the direction in which the consumable is sprayed by the nozzle assembly 300, and ensuring that the side wall of the extension cylinder 112 is uniform in thickness, and reducing the space occupation.

[0060] In one embodiment, as shown in the drawings, Figures 3-6 , Figures 9-12As shown, the nozzle assembly 300 further comprises a heat insulation member 320 and a nozzle 330, the heating member 310 is connected with the main body assembly 100 through the heat insulation member 320, the nozzle 330 is connected with the heating member 310, and the discharge channel 301 penetrates through the heat insulation member 320, the heating member 310 and the nozzle 330. The nozzle 330 is used for spraying the consumable.

[0061] The heating member 310 can further comprise a heat-conducting block and a heat-generating member, the heat-generating member can be a heating ceramic or a heating wire, etc., the discharge channel 301 is arranged on the heat-conducting block, the heat-generating member contacts the heat-conducting block, thereby heating the consumable in the discharge channel 301, and the nozzle 330 can be directly connected to the heat-conducting block. Alternatively, a nozzle sleeve 340 can be arranged, the nozzle 330 and the heat insulation member 320 are both connected to the nozzle sleeve 340, the heat-conducting block is arranged at the outer periphery of the nozzle sleeve 340, the discharge channel 301 is arranged on the nozzle sleeve 340, and the nozzle sleeve 340 and the heat-conducting block are both made of heat-conducting materials, thereby heating the consumable in the discharge channel 301. The heat insulation member 320 is connected with the heat dissipation member 130 of the main body assembly 100, for example, by being inserted. The heat insulation member 320 is made of a heat insulation material, which is used to prevent the heat of the heat-generating member from being transferred to the side of the heat dissipation member 130, thereby greatly reducing the heat entering the switching channel 101.

[0062] In an embodiment, the heat insulation member 320 comprises an outer tube 321 and an inner tube 322, the outer tube 321 is connected with the heating member 310, and the inner tube 322 is at least partially nested in the outer tube 321.

[0063] For example, the inner tube can extend to the end of the outer tube 321 away from the nozzle 330, the material of the inner tube 322 comprises a polymer material, which has better smoothness and heat insulation performance, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the consumable when entering the inner tube 322. By arranging the inner tube and the outer tube, the heat insulation can be ensured while the cost is reduced.

[0064] The specific material of the inner tube 322 can be selected according to actual needs and cost, for example, the heat resistance temperature of the inner tube 322 is greater than or equal to 300 degrees Celsius, so as to avoid the deformation of the inner tube caused by high temperature and affect the smooth transmission of the consumable. The surface finish of the inner tube 322 is greater than or equal to 0.1 μm, so as to ensure the smooth transmission of the consumable, and the surface finish of the inner tube 322 is less than or equal to 1.5 μm, so as to reduce the processing cost. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the inner tube 322 at room temperature is greater than or equal to 0.1 W / (m·K), so as to reduce the production cost, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the inner tube 322 at room temperature is less than or equal to 0.5 W / (m·K), so as to reduce the heat transfer to the side of the heat dissipation member 130, increase the heating efficiency of the consumable, and reduce the risk of heating the consumable in the switching channel 101. Optionally, the material of the inner tube 322 can be Teflon, ceramic polymer composite material, etc.

[0065] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the discharge channel 301 is uniform in the direction close to or away from the nozzle 330, i.e. the inner diameter of the discharge channel 301 is equal, and the discharge channel 301 is a uniform cylindrical channel. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, as shown in Figure 11 The discharge channel 301 includes an open area 3011 which penetrates through the inner tube 322 away from the nozzle 330, and the cross-sectional area of the open area 3011 increases in the direction away from the nozzle 330.

[0066] The open area 3011 is used to smoothly enter the consumable from the switching channel 101 into the discharge channel 301, avoiding the jamming at the joint position of the switching channel 101 and the discharge channel 301.

[0067] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 6 The print head mechanism further includes a feeding assembly 700 which includes a plurality of conveying outlets and a plurality of feeding channels 701, the feeding channels 701 being in communication with the conveying outlets, and the feeding channels 701 being used for the transmission of the consumable, and the extrusion mechanism 200 being located between the conveying outlets and the feeding opening 102 to move the consumable.

[0068] There can be four feeding channels 701, and the feeding channels 701 are used for the transmission of a single consumable and play a guiding role for the consumable, avoiding the shaking of the consumable before entering the extrusion mechanism 200. The conveying outlets and the feeding opening 102 are opposite, and the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel of the extrusion mechanism 200 correspond to the conveying outlets and the feeding opening 102, and then the feeding channels 701 and the switching channels 1011 cooperate on both sides of the extrusion mechanism 200 to stabilize the consumable, so that the position of the consumable is accurate and will not be offset. In one embodiment, a second accommodation inclined surface is arranged at the edge of the conveying outlet, and the second accommodation inclined surface is used for accommodating the extrusion mechanism 200. The second accommodation inclined surface is consistent with the structure and function of the first accommodation inclined surface 1021 at the edge of the feeding opening 102, and will not be described here.

[0069] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a kind of 3D printer, including any one of the print head mechanism as above, including the advantages of any one of the print head mechanism, and will not be described here.

[0070] The utility model further provides the following embodiments:

[0071] A print head mechanism comprises: a main body assembly 100, a switching channel 101 is formed on the main body assembly 100; an extrusion mechanism 200; a nozzle assembly 300, a discharge channel 301 is formed on the nozzle assembly 300, the nozzle assembly 300 at least comprises a heating member 310 for heating consumables in the discharge channel 301; the switching channel 101 is located between the extrusion mechanism 200 and the nozzle assembly 300, and the extrusion mechanism 200 is used to move one of the plurality of consumables to make the consumables transmit to the discharge channel 301 through the switching channel 101.

[0072] Wherein, the switching channel 101 is provided with an inlet opening 102 and an outlet opening 103 at two ends respectively, the switching channel 101 communicates with the extrusion mechanism 200 through the inlet opening 102, and the switching channel 101 communicates with the discharge channel 301 through the outlet opening 103; the inlet opening 102 and the outlet opening 103 are single, the area of at least part of the inlet opening 102 is greater than the area of the outlet opening 103, and the cross-sectional area of at least part of the switching channel 101 decreases in the direction close to the outlet opening 103; or

[0073] The switching channel 101 is provided with an inlet opening 102 and an outlet opening 103 at two ends respectively, the switching channel 101 communicates with the extrusion mechanism 200 through the inlet opening 102, and the switching channel 101 communicates with the discharge channel 301 through the outlet opening 103; the number of the inlet opening 102 is multiple, the number of the outlet opening 103 is one, the switching channel 101 comprises a plurality of branch channels 1011 and a converging channel 1012, the first end of the branch channel 1011 communicates with the inlet opening 102, the second end of the branch channel 1011 communicates with the first end of the converging channel 1012, the second end of the converging channel 1012 communicates with the outlet opening 103, and the cross-sectional area of the converging channel 1012 decreases in the direction close to the outlet opening 103; the plurality of branch channels 1011 are inclined to each other in the direction of the nozzle assembly 300 spraying the consumables.

[0074] The main body assembly 100 comprises an upper switching member 110 and a heat dissipation member 130, the upper switching member 110 is provided with a branch channel 1011, the heat dissipation member 130 is provided with a converging channel 1012, and the heat dissipation member 130 is used for heat dissipation; or,

[0075] The main body assembly 100 comprises an upper switching member 110, a lower switching member 120 and a heat dissipation member 130, the upper switching member 110 is provided with a branch channel 1011, the lower switching member 120 is provided with a converging channel 1012, and the heat dissipation member 130 is provided with a heat dissipation channel 131, the converging channel 1012 communicates with the discharge channel 301 through the heat dissipation channel, and the heat dissipation member 130 is used for heat dissipation.

[0076] The upper switching piece 110 comprises a connecting plate 111 and a plurality of extension cylinders 112 connected with the connecting plate 111, a through channel 1011 is arranged on the extension cylinder 112 and extends through the connecting plate 111 to the side opposite to the extension cylinder 112; a first accommodation inclined surface 1021 is arranged at the edge of the feeding opening 102, and the first accommodation inclined surface 1021 is used for accommodating the extrusion mechanism 200; the plurality of extension cylinders 112 are inclined to each other in the direction in which the nozzle assembly 300 sprays the consumables.

[0077] The main body assembly 100 further comprises a main support body 140, and at least the upper switching piece 110 and the heat dissipation piece 130 are connected with the main support body 140; the switching channel 101 further comprises a connecting channel 1013, and the second end of the converging channel 1012 is connected with the discharging opening 103 through the connecting channel 1013.

[0078] The main body assembly 100 comprises the heat dissipation piece 130 for heat dissipation; at least part of the switching channel 101 is located on the heat dissipation piece 130, or all of the switching channel 101 is located between the heat dissipation piece 130 and the extrusion mechanism 200.

[0079] The nozzle assembly 300 further comprises a heat insulation piece 320 and a nozzle 330, the heating piece 310 is connected with the main body assembly 100 through the heat insulation piece 320, the nozzle 330 is connected with the heating piece 310, and the discharging channel 301 penetrates through the heat insulation piece 320, the heating piece 310 and the nozzle 330; the nozzle 330 is used for spraying the consumables.

[0080] The heat insulation piece 320 comprises an outer tube 321 and an inner tube 322, the outer tube 321 is connected with the heating piece 310, and the inner tube 322 is at least partially nested in the outer tube 321; the material of the inner tube 322 comprises a high polymer material; and / or, the heat resistance temperature of the inner tube 322 is greater than or equal to 300; and / or, the surface finish of the inner tube 322 is greater than or equal to 0.1 μm and less than or equal to 1.5 μm; and / or, the normal temperature thermal conductivity coefficient of the inner tube 322 is greater than or equal to 0.1 W / (m·K) and less than or equal to 0.5 W / (m·K).

[0081] The inner diameter of the discharging channel 301 is the same in the direction close to or away from the switching channel 101; or the discharging channel 301 comprises an open area 3011 which penetrates through one end of the discharging channel 301 close to the switching channel 101, and the cross-sectional area of the open area 3011 increases in the direction close to the switching channel 101; the main support body 140 comprises a containing space, and at least the extrusion mechanism 200 is located in the containing space; the print head mechanism further comprises a feeding assembly 700, the feeding assembly 700 comprises a plurality of conveying outlets and a plurality of feeding channels 701, the feeding channels 701 are in communication with the conveying outlets, the feeding channels 701 are used for conveying the consumables, and the extrusion mechanism 200 is located between the conveying outlet and the switching channel 101 to move the consumables; a second accommodation inclined surface is arranged at the edge of the conveying outlet, and the second accommodation inclined surface is used for accommodating the extrusion mechanism 200.

[0082] Meanwhile, the application further provides a 3D printer comprising the print head mechanism according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0083] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled person in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A printhead mechanism, characterized in that, include: The main component has a switching channel. Extrusion mechanism; A nozzle assembly having a discharge channel, the nozzle assembly including at least a heating element for heating consumables in the discharge channel; The switching channel is located between the extrusion mechanism and the nozzle assembly. The extrusion mechanism is used to move one of a plurality of consumables so that the consumable is transferred through the switching channel to the discharge channel.

2. The printhead mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching channel has a feed opening and a discharge opening at each end. The switching channel is connected to the extrusion mechanism through the feed opening and to the discharge channel through the discharge opening. Both the feed opening and the discharge opening are single entities. At least a portion of the feed opening has a larger area than the discharge opening, and at least a portion of the switching channel's cross-sectional area decreases towards the discharge opening. The number of feed openings is multiple, the number of discharge openings is one, the switching channel includes multiple sub-channels and one converging channel, the first end of each sub-channel is connected to the feed opening, the second end of each sub-channel is connected to the first end of the converging channel, the second end of the converging channel is connected to the discharge opening, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the converging channel decreases in the direction close to the discharge opening. The multiple channels are inclined toward each other in the direction in which the consumable is ejected from the nozzle assembly.

3. The printhead mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main component includes an upper switching component and a heat dissipation component. The upper switching component has the branch channel, and the heat dissipation component has the converging channel. The heat dissipation component is used for heat dissipation. or, The main component includes an upper switching component, a lower switching component, and a heat dissipation component. The upper switching component has the branch channel, the lower switching component has the convergence channel, and the heat dissipation component has a heat dissipation channel. The convergence channel is connected to the discharge channel through the heat dissipation channel, and the heat dissipation component is used for heat dissipation.

4. The printhead mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper switching component includes a connecting plate and multiple extension cylinders. The extension cylinders are connected to the connecting plate. The sub-channels are opened on the extension cylinders and pass through the side of the connecting plate opposite to the extension cylinders. A first clearance slope is provided at the edge of the feed opening, and the first clearance slope is used to make way for the extrusion mechanism. The plurality of the extension tubes are inclined toward each other in the direction in which the consumable is ejected from the nozzle assembly.

5. The printhead mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main component also includes a main support body, and at least the upper switching component and the heat dissipation component are connected to the main support body; The switching channel also includes a connecting channel, and the second end of the converging channel is connected to the discharge opening through the connecting channel.

6. The printhead mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main component includes a heat sink, which is used for heat dissipation; At least a portion of the switching channels are located on the heat sink, or all of the switching channels are located between the heat sink and the extrusion mechanism.

7. The printhead mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle assembly further includes a heat insulation component and a nozzle. The heating component is connected to the main body assembly through the heat insulation component, and the nozzle is connected to the heating component. The discharge channel passes through the heat insulation component, the heating component, and the nozzle. The nozzle is used to spray out the consumable.

8. The printhead mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat insulation component includes an outer tube and an inner tube, the outer tube is connected to the heating component, and the inner tube is at least partially nested inside the outer tube; The inner tube is made of polymer materials; And / or, the heat resistance temperature of the inner tube is greater than or equal to 300°C; And / or, the surface finish of the inner tube is greater than or equal to 0.1 μm and less than or equal to 1.5 μm; And / or, the thermal conductivity of the inner tube at room temperature is greater than or equal to 0.1 W / (m·K) and less than or equal to 0.5 W / (m·K).

9. The printhead mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the discharge channel is the same in the direction of approaching or moving away from the switching channel; Alternatively, the discharge channel includes an open area that extends through one end of the discharge channel near the switching channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the open area increases in the direction of proximity to the switching channel. The main component includes a main support body, the main support body includes a receiving space, and at least the extrusion mechanism is located in the receiving space; The printhead mechanism also includes: A feeding assembly includes multiple conveying outlets and multiple feeding channels, the feeding channels being connected to the conveying outlets and used for conveying consumables; the extrusion mechanism is located between the conveying outlets and the switching channels to move the consumables. A second clearance slope is provided at the edge of the conveying outlet, which is used to make way for the extrusion mechanism.

10. A 3D printer, characterized in that, Includes the printhead mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9 above.

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