Cable searching monitoring device integrating optical fiber cable accurate positioning and environment situation beforehand perception

Abstract

The utility model provides a cable searching monitoring device integrating accurate positioning of optical fibers and cables and beforehand perception of environment situations, which comprises a multi-wavelength light source, a first multi-wavelength WDM coupler, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector, a third photoelectric detector and an optical fiber loop to be detected, and the first multi-wavelength WDM coupler is provided with a first beam splitting and combining unit and a second beam splitting and combining unit. The output end of the second beam splitting and combining unit is connected with the third photoelectric detector, the first beam splitting and combining unit is connected with the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector, the optical fiber loop to be detected is connected with the first beam splitting and combining unit and the second beam splitting and combining unit in series, and the optical fiber loop to be detected is provided with a port A and a port B; the first beam splitting and combining unit is provided with a first Sagnac interference structure, a first light path and a second light path. The optical cable external vibration sensing and positioning device has the advantages that the low-cost Sagnac interference technology principle is adopted, the optical cable external vibration sensing and positioning device with the over 200 km performance of the ring topology is achieved, multiple functions are integrated, the convenience of a system can be greatly facilitated, the cost performance is high, and large-scale popularization is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model mainly relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication management system, concretely relates to a kind of cable searching monitoring device of optical fiber cable accurate positioning and environmental situation pre-sensing. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current optical cable length in China has exceeded 65 million skin long kilometers, such huge optical cable network belongs to passive infrastructure, and it is difficult to monitor and early warn, so fault positioning and maintenance mainly rely on on-site investigation, with complex process, more manpower and long construction period;Example: inter-provincial trunk line optical cable is interrupted about 6 times per 100 kilometers per year, which seriously affects the existing network business and system;Municipal interface, road interface, blocking back interface, equipment interface, routing migration, etc., plus natural disasters, performance degradation, various human factors, system failure and other reasons unknown, etc., will lead to optical cable interruption, therefore, a high cost-effective rapid and accurate fault positioning means and fault pre-monitoring means are needed.

[0003] The utility model person finds the following defects in the specific embodiment operation process:

[0004] 1.The similar technical scheme for optical cable fault accurate positioning is mainly based on M-Z interference optical cable routing survey instrument, which finds fault optical cable and commonly used optical cable survey by contacting or knocking the fault optical cable, listening to the restored sound and the displayed optical power intensity signal.

[0005] 2.The similar technical scheme for optical cable monitoring is mainly based on Phi-OTDR technology, and its basic principle structure and principle are as follows:

[0006] The loss generated by light in the transmission process, part of which is returned along the fiber in the form of random reflection, called Rayleigh scattering;The common OTDR also detects the light of Rayleigh scattering, judges the reflection point (Rayleigh light power abnormal enhancement) and loss point (Rayleigh light power step reduction) by the sudden change of light power, but the light source has poor coherence, and the random interference change cannot be detected;Phi-OTDR uses narrow linewidth light source, the phase relationship of light in the same pulse is fixed, the front of the pulse is transmitted to a point reflection and the back is transmitted to b point reflection, and reaches PD at the same time, and interference occurs.The spatial resolution of phi-OTDR is not more than pulse transmission distance / 2, and the light phase is very sensitive to fiber vibration.When a part of the optical fiber is vibrated, the phase difference between the front and the back changes with time, resulting in unstable interference pattern with time, and through the detection of unstable interference, the position, intensity and frequency of vibration can be identified, but the solution of Phi-OTDR is high in cost, and the core device and module are limited by production capacity and technical requirements, resulting in high price, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion.

[0007] It should be noted that the above content belongs to the technical cognition category of the utility model person, and due to the vast and complex technical content in the art, the above content of the present application does not necessarily constitute the prior art. Utility model content

[0008] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the utility model:

[0009] The cable searching and monitoring device provided by the utility model for precise positioning of optical fiber cables and pre-sensing of environmental situation solves the technical problems in the above background art.

[0010] 2. Technical scheme:

[0011] To achieve the above purpose, the cable searching and monitoring device provided by the utility model for precise positioning of optical fiber cables and pre-sensing of environmental situation comprises a multi-wavelength light source, a multi-wavelength WDM coupler one, a photoelectric detector one, a photoelectric detector two, a photoelectric detector three and a to-be-measured optical fiber loop, the multi-wavelength WDM coupler one has a beam splitting and combining unit one and a beam splitting and combining unit two, the beam splitting and combining unit two is connected with the photoelectric detector three, the beam splitting and combining unit one is connected with the photoelectric detector one and the photoelectric detector two respectively, the to-be-measured optical fiber loop is connected in series with the beam splitting and combining unit one and the beam splitting and combining unit two, the to-be-measured optical fiber loop has an A port and a B port, the beam splitting and combining unit one has a Sagnac interference structure one, an optical path one and an optical path two, the Sagnac interference structure one is connected with the photoelectric detector one and the photoelectric detector two through a dual-wavelength WDM coupler five, the beam splitting and combining unit two has a Sagnac interference structure two, and the Sagnac interference structure two is connected with the photoelectric detector three.

[0012] Further, the Sagnac interference structure one comprises a four-port coupler one, a light ray roll one and a four-port coupler two.

[0013] Further, the optical path one comprises an isolator one, a dual-wavelength WDM coupler one, a dual-wavelength WDM coupler two, a multi-wavelength WDM coupler two.

[0014] Further, the optical path two comprises an isolator two, a dual-wavelength WDM coupler three, a dual-wavelength WDM coupler four and a multi-wavelength WDM coupler three, and the dual-wavelength WDM coupler four is connected in series with the dual-wavelength WDM coupler one, the dual-wavelength WDM coupler three and the multi-wavelength WDM coupler three.

[0015] Further, the multi-wavelength WDM coupler two and the multi-wavelength WDM coupler three are connected with the A port and the B port respectively.

[0016] Further, the Sagnac interference structure two includes a four-port coupler three, a light ray roll two and a three-port coupler, and the three-port coupler is connected with the multi-wavelength WDM coupler two.

[0017] Further, the four-port coupler three is connected with the multi-wavelength WDM coupler one and the photoelectric detector three respectively.

[0018] 3. Beneficial effects:

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The utility model discloses a design is reasonable, adopts low -cost sagnac interference technical principle, realizes the outside world vibration of the super 200km high -performance cable of annular topology and perceives and positions, and multi -functional is integrated in one, can greatly convenient system's convenience and high cost performance, it is convenient for large -scale popularization, the utility model discloses a design is reasonable, adopts low -cost sagnac interference technical principle, realizes the outside world vibration of the super 200km high -performance cable of annular topology and perceives and positions, and multi -functional is integrated in one, can greatly convenient system's convenience and high cost performance, it is convenient for large -scale popularization,

[0021] 1. The cost and detection distance of the existing optical cable environment situation awareness system are greatly simplified, and compared with the traditional one-way Phi-OTDR vibration positioning system, the cost and measurement length are superior, the cost is one order of magnitude lower, and the measurement length is doubled.

[0022] 2. Precise optical cable surveying function can be realized, and through non-contact vibration sensing, optical path routing surveying is realized in combination with vibration positioning.

[0023] 3. Whether the optical cable is interrupted or not, precise cable searching function can be realized.

[0024] It should be noted that the structures not introduced in the utility model are the same as the prior art or can be realized by using the prior art, and details are not described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the cable searching monitoring device for precise positioning of optical fiber cable and pre-sensing of environment situation based on different wavelengths of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the cable searching monitoring device for precise positioning of optical fiber cable and pre-sensing of environment situation based on a wide spectrum light source.

[0027] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0028] 1, multi-wavelength light source; 2, photodetector one; 3, multi-wavelength WDM coupler one; 4, photodetector two; 5, four-port coupler one; 6, light coil one; 7, four-port coupler two; 8, isolator one; 9, isolator two; 10, dual-wavelength WDM coupler one; 11, dual-wavelength WDM coupler three; 12, dual-wavelength WDM coupler four; 13, dual-wavelength WDM coupler two; 14, photodetector three; 15, four-port coupler three; 16, light coil two; 17, three-port coupler; 18, multi-wavelength WDM coupler two; 19, dual-wavelength WDM coupler five; 20, multi-wavelength WDM coupler three; 21, fiber loop to be measured. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the present application are given. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "page", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0032] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," "provided with," and "located in" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. Example

[0033] See attached document Figures 1-2 The cable-finding and monitoring device provided by this utility model, which integrates precise positioning of optical fiber cables and pre-emptive perception of environmental conditions, includes a multi-wavelength light source 1, a multi-wavelength WDM coupler 3, a photodetector 2, a photodetector 4, a photodetector 5, and a fiber loop under test 21. The multi-wavelength WDM coupler 3 has a split-and-comb unit 1 and a split-and-comb unit 2. The output end of the split-and-comb unit 2 is connected to the photodetector 5 14. The split-and-comb unit 1 is connected to the photodetector 2 and the photodetector 4, respectively. The fiber loop under test 21 is connected in series with the split-and-comb unit 1 and the split-and-comb unit 2. The fiber loop under test 21 has an A port and a B port. The split-and-comb unit 1 has a Sagnac interference structure 1, an optical path 1, and an optical path 2. The Sagnac interference structure 1 is connected to the photodetector 2 and the photodetector 4, respectively, through a dual-wavelength WDM coupler 5 19. The split-and-comb unit 2 has a Sagnac interference structure 2, which is connected to the photodetector 5 14.

[0034] The Sagnac interference structure includes a four-port coupler 5, a light roll 6, and a four-port coupler 7.

[0035] Optical path one includes isolator one 8, dual-wavelength WDM coupler one 10, dual-wavelength WDM coupler two 13, and multi-wavelength WDM coupler two 18.

[0036] Optical path two includes isolator two 9, dual-wavelength WDM coupler three 11, dual-wavelength WDM coupler four 12 and multi-wavelength WDM coupler three 20. Dual-wavelength WDM coupler four 12 is connected in series with dual-wavelength WDM coupler one 10, dual-wavelength WDM coupler three 11 and multi-wavelength WDM coupler three 20.

[0037] Multi-wavelength WDM coupler 218 and multi-wavelength WDM coupler 320 are connected to port A and port B, respectively.

[0038] The Sagnac interference structure II includes a four-port coupler III 15, a light roll II 16, and a three-port coupler 17, with the three-port coupler 17 connected to a multi-wavelength WDM coupler II 18.

[0039] The four-port coupler three 15 is connected with the multi-wavelength WDM coupler one 3 and the photoelectric detector three 14 respectively.

[0040] Embodiment one, refer to the attached Figure 1 The spectrum light emitted by the multi-wavelength light source 1 is divided into three wavelengths of light ƛ1, ƛ2 and ƛ3, and is injected into the multi-wavelength WDM coupler one 3 and is divided into two paths. The specific working process is as follows:

[0041] Among them, ƛ1 and ƛ2 pass through the Sagnac interference structure one (four-port coupler one 5 + straight connected optical fiber under the optical fiber roll + four-port coupler two 7) and pass through the single-way isolator one 8 to reach the dual-wavelength WDM coupler one 10, and are divided into two paths of different wavelengths again.

[0042] One path of light ƛ1 is injected from the dual-wavelength WDM coupler two 13 and the multi-wavelength WDM coupler two 18 (integrated with ƛ3) into the A port of the to-be-measured optical fiber loop 21, returns through the B port, is injected into the multi-wavelength WDM coupler three 20, the dual-wavelength WDM coupler four 12 and the dual-wavelength WDM coupler three 11, passes through the single-way isolator two 9 to reach the Sagnac interference structure one (four-port coupler one 5 + straight connected optical fiber under the optical fiber roll + four-port coupler two 7), reaches the photoelectric detector one 2 from the dual-wavelength WDM coupler five 19.

[0043] Another path of light ƛ2 is injected from the dual-wavelength WDM coupler one 10, the dual-wavelength WDM coupler four 12 and the multi-wavelength WDM coupler three 20 into the B port of the to-be-measured optical fiber loop 21, returns through the A port, is injected into the multi-wavelength WDM coupler two 18, the dual-wavelength WDM coupler two 13 and the dual-wavelength WDM coupler three 11, passes through the single-way isolator two 9 to reach the Sagnac interference structure one (four-port coupler one 5 + straight connected optical fiber under the optical fiber roll + four-port coupler two 7), reaches the photoelectric detector two 4 from the dual-wavelength WDM coupler five 19.

[0044] The last path of ƛ3 passes through the Sagnac interference structure two (four-port coupler three 15 + straight connected optical fiber under the optical fiber roll + three-port coupler 17), is injected from the multi-wavelength WDM coupler two 18 into the A port of the to-be-measured optical fiber loop 21, and the reflected signal of any point on the to-be-measured optical fiber loop 21 returns through the A port, reaches the Sagnac interference structure two (four-port coupler three 15 + straight connected optical fiber under the optical fiber roll + three-port coupler 17) through the multi-wavelength WDM coupler two 18, and reaches the photoelectric detector three 14.

[0045] In any point of the fiber loop 21 to be measured, vibration occurs, which will cause the change of the refractive index of the fiber through the fiber Kerr effect, thereby causing the change of the phase of the optical signal, and the change of the intensity of the optical signal after Sagnac interference, so that the above two light paths ƛ1 and ƛ2 can detect the change of the intensity of the optical power caused by the vibration at any point in the entire fiber loop to be measured, because in the loop structure, the same vibration point has different optical path differences for the two light paths, and the time difference of sensing vibration after the two light paths is detected by the rear detection circuit, so that the position of the vibration in the entire fiber loop to be measured can be accurately located.

[0046] At the same time, the change of any vibration point is realized through the backscattering signal at the vibration point, and the light path of ƛ3 is used to return to the photodetector three 14, so that the precise fault cable searching is realized under the premise of cable interruption (at this time, because of the reasons of the isolator one 8 and the isolator two 9, the cables of ƛ1 and ƛ2 do not work).

[0047] Under the premise of non-cable routing interruption: the three light paths ƛ1, ƛ2 and ƛ3 can realize precise cable searching, and at the same time, ƛ1 and ƛ2 can also realize precise positioning of the environmental situation of the optical cable; under the premise of cable interruption, ƛ3 can realize the multifunctional combination of precise fault cable searching.

[0048] Note that the above different wavelength light sources can be a single light source with different wavelengths, or multiple light sources, each with different wavelengths, as long as different wavelengths can be implemented in the technical solution.

[0049] Embodiment two, refer to the attached Figure 2 In the further case of the above embodiment one, the multi-wavelength light sources ƛ1, ƛ2, ƛ3 and the like can also be replaced by multiple wave bands B1, B2, B3 of a spectral light source, and the biggest difference compared with embodiment one is that the multi-wavelength light source 1 is changed to a spectral light source, and the different wavelength WDM couplers ƛ1, ƛ2, ƛ3 are changed to the red and blue band couplers B1, B2, B3 of multiple spectral bandwidth.

[0050] In summary, the ring structure scheme based on Sagnac interference positioning realizes the systematic solution of precise cable searching and optical cable environmental situation monitoring; the two types (wide spectrum light source and multi-wavelength light source) based on Sagnac interference positioning meet the needs of system design with different performance parameters and costs.

[0051] The above-described embodiments only express certain implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the present application; it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application; therefore, the protection scope of the present application patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cable search monitoring device for precise positioning of fiber optic cable and pre-sensing of environmental situation, characterized in that: The application relates to a multi-wavelength optical fiber loop test device, which comprises a multi-wavelength light source (1), a multi-wavelength WDM coupler (3), a photoelectric detector (2), a photoelectric detector (4), a photoelectric detector (14) and a to-be-tested optical fiber loop (21), wherein the multi-wavelength WDM coupler (3) is provided with a beam splitting and combining unit (1) and a beam splitting and combining unit (2), the beam splitting and combining unit (2) is connected with the photoelectric detector (14), the beam splitting and combining unit (1) is connected with the photoelectric detector (2) and the photoelectric detector (4) respectively, the to-be-tested optical fiber loop (21) is connected with the beam splitting and combining unit (1) and the beam splitting and combining unit (2) in series, the to-be-tested optical fiber loop (21) is provided with an A port and a B port, the beam splitting and combining unit (1) is provided with a Sagnac interference structure (1), an optical path (1) and an optical path (2), the Sagnac interference structure (1) is connected with the photoelectric detector (2) and the photoelectric detector (4) through a double-wavelength WDM coupler (5), and the beam splitting and combining unit (2) is provided with a Sagnac interference structure (2) connected with the photoelectric detector (14).

2. The cable monitoring device for precise positioning of fiber optic cable and pre-sensing of environmental situation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Sagnac interference structure (1) comprises a four-port coupler (5), a light ray roll (6) and a four-port coupler (7). 3.The cable monitoring device for precise positioning of fiber optic cable and pre-sensing of environmental situation according to claim 1, wherein: The optical path (1) comprises an isolator (8), a double-wavelength WDM coupler (10), a double-wavelength WDM coupler (13), a multi-wavelength WDM coupler (18).

4. The cable monitoring device for precise positioning of fiber optic cable and pre-sensing of environmental situation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical path (2) comprises an isolator (9), a double-wavelength WDM coupler (11), a double-wavelength WDM coupler (12) and a multi-wavelength WDM coupler (20), and the double-wavelength WDM coupler (12) is connected with the double-wavelength WDM coupler (10), the double-wavelength WDM coupler (11) and the multi-wavelength WDM coupler (20) in series.

5. The cable monitoring device for precise positioning of fiber optic cable and pre- situation awareness of environmental situation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-wavelength WDM coupler (18) and the multi-wavelength WDM coupler (20) are connected with the A port and the B port respectively.

6. The cable monitoring device for precise positioning of fiber optic cable and pre- situation awareness of environmental situation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The Sagnac interference structure (2) comprises a four-port coupler (15), a light ray roll (16) and a three-port coupler (17), and the three-port coupler (17) is connected with the multi-wavelength WDM coupler (18).

7. The cable monitoring device for precise positioning of fiber optic cable and pre- situation awareness of environmental situation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The four-port coupler (15) is connected with the multi-wavelength WDM coupler (3) and the photoelectric detector (14) respectively.

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