Power management device with heat dissipation function and outdoor operation vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power management device with a heat dissipation function and an outdoor operation vehicle, the power management device with the heat dissipation function is at least applied to the outdoor operation vehicle, and the power management device comprises a shell main body which is provided with a cavity with an opening, and the cavity is configured to accommodate at least one circuit board; and the heat conduction piece can be arranged at the opening of the cavity in a covering mode, and heat generated during operation of the circuit board and an external cold medium can be subjected to heat exchange through the heat conduction piece. According to the outdoor operation vehicle, heat dissipation is conducted on the circuit board through the heat dissipation part, the limitation of heat dissipation of the circuit board is overcome, the efficiency of heat exchange between the circuit board and the outside is improved, the heat dissipation effect of the circuit board is improved, the use effect of the circuit board is guaranteed, and the service life of the circuit board can be prolonged easily.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application relates to the field of work equipment technology, and in particular to a power management device with heat dissipation function and an outdoor work vehicle. [Background Technology]

[0002] With the development of battery technology, electric drive is gradually replacing engine drive in outdoor work vehicles. A battery pack typically contains one or more battery cells and can serve as a power source for outdoor work vehicles or as a power source for portable power tools. A power management device, which manages the charging and discharging of the battery pack, is an essential component of electrically driven outdoor work vehicles.

[0003] The power management device includes a housing and a circuit board installed inside the housing. The circuit board generates heat during operation, especially the circuit board with excessive current. In order to protect the circuit board, it is housed in the housing. Although this protects the circuit board from external physical impact, the heat dissipation effect of the circuit board is greatly reduced, which will affect the performance and lifespan of the circuit board.

[0004] Although some power management devices expose the circuit board portion with excessive current to the air, the heat dissipation effect is still not ideal because most of the circuit board structure is still located inside the housing.

[0005] Therefore, it is indeed necessary to provide an improved outdoor work vehicle to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. [Utility Model Content]

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, one of the objectives of this application is to provide an outdoor work vehicle that can dissipate heat from the circuit board of the power management device.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve the prior art problem is: a power management device with heat dissipation function, which is at least applied to outdoor operation vehicles. The power management device includes: a housing body with an open chamber, the chamber being configured to accommodate at least one circuit board; and a heat-conducting element that can cover the opening of the chamber, the heat-conducting element being able to exchange the heat generated by the circuit board during operation with the external cold medium.

[0008] In some embodiments, one surface of the circuit board is provided with electrical components that can generate heat, and the other surface is attached to the heat-conducting element.

[0009] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation area of ​​the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the heat dissipation area of ​​the circuit board.

[0010] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element is arranged parallel to the circuit board, and along a direction perpendicular to the parallel direction between the heat-conducting element and the circuit board, the projected area of ​​the heat-conducting element is greater than or equal to the projected area of ​​the circuit board.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ratio of the projected area of ​​the heat-conducting component to the projected area of ​​the circuit board is 1 to 1.5.

[0012] In some embodiments, the outer casing and the heat-conducting element are made of different materials, and the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is greater than that of the outer casing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element is made of a metallic material, and the housing body is made of a non-metallic material.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outdoor work vehicle includes a battery compartment with a battery pack installed, an airflow channel is formed between the battery compartment and the power management device, and the heat-conducting element is at least partially located within the airflow channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the power management device is attached to the battery compartment via a bracket.

[0016] This application also provides an outdoor work vehicle, including: a walking assembly configured to support the outdoor work vehicle in motion; a power output assembly configured to perform outdoor work; a power system configured to at least power the outdoor work vehicle, the power system including: a battery compartment; a battery pack assembled in the battery compartment; and a power management device as described above, the power management device being configured to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In this application, by using a heat sink to dissipate heat from the circuit board, the limitations of the circuit board's own heat dissipation are overcome, the efficiency of heat exchange between the circuit board and the outside is improved, the heat dissipation effect of the circuit board is enhanced, the performance of the circuit board is guaranteed, and the service life of the circuit board is extended. [Image Description]

[0019] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 These are perspective views of the outdoor work vehicles in some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the battery compartment and the power management device of an outdoor work vehicle in some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the battery compartment and the power management device of an outdoor work vehicle from another angle in some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the power management device for outdoor work vehicles in some embodiments of this application from one angle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the power management device for outdoor work vehicles in some embodiments of this application from another angle;

[0025] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the power management device for outdoor work vehicles in some embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in some embodiments of this application, showing the battery compartment of an outdoor work vehicle connected to a first circuit board and a second circuit board respectively;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell of an outdoor work vehicle from one angle in some embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the outer shell of the outdoor work vehicle from another angle in some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first circuit board in some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second circuit board in some embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a top view of the first circuit board and the second circuit board in the stacking direction in some embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first circuit board, the second circuit board, and the first cover plate of the outdoor work vehicle in some embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a logic block diagram of the power management device, battery compartment, battery pack, controller, power output component, and walking component of an outdoor work vehicle in some embodiments of this application.

[0034] Meaning of the reference numerals in the diagram:

[0035] 1. Frame; 2. Power system; 21. Battery compartment; 211. First side panel; 2111. First cooling fan; 2112. Charging connector; 212. Second side panel; 2112. Second cooling fan; 213. External terminal; 214. Reversing radar; 215. Radar controller; 216. Taillight;

[0036] 22. Battery pack;

[0037] 23. Power management device; 230. Housing; 2301. First interface group; 23011. First battery pack connection interface; 23012. Charging interface; 23013. First fan interface; 23014. Expansion interface;

[0038] 2302, Second interface group; 23021, Second battery pack connection interface; 23022, Power transmission interface; 23023, Signal transmission interface; 23024, Second fan interface;

[0039] 231. Outer shell body; 232. First receiving cavity; 2321. First stepped surface; 23211. First through hole; 2322. Second stepped surface; 23221. Second through hole;

[0040] 233, Second receiving cavity; 2331, First wiring area; 2332, Second wiring area;

[0041] 234. First cover plate; 2341. Sealing receiving groove; 2342. Sealing strip; 235. Second cover plate;

[0042] 24. First circuit board; 241. First mounting surface; 242. First connecting part;

[0043] 2421, First terminal group; 24211, First battery pack connection terminal; 24212, Charging terminal; 242121, Positive charging terminal; 242122, Negative charging terminal;

[0044] 2422, Second terminal group; 24221, Second battery pack connection terminal; 24222, Power output terminal; 242221, Output positive terminal; 242222, Output negative terminal; 243, Switch array; 2431, MOSFET switch; 244, Capacitor array; 2441, Capacitor; 245, Conductor; 2451, Conductive post;

[0045] 25. Second circuit board; 251. Second mounting surface; 252. Second connecting part;

[0046] 2521, Third terminal group; 25211, First battery pack signal terminal; 25212, First fan terminal; 25213, Charge / discharge signal terminal;

[0047] 2522, Fourth terminal group; 25221, Second battery pack signal terminal; 25222, Second fan terminal; 25223, Signal transmission terminal;

[0048] 253. Radar terminal; 254. Radar step-down module; 255. Taillight terminal; 2551. Taillight step-down module; 256. Switch terminal; 2561. Fan step-down module; 257. Processor; 258. Hall effect ring; 259. Overlapping area;

[0049] 26. Bracket; 27. Airflow channel; 28. Monitoring switch; 3. Operating components; 31. Left operating lever; 32. Right operating lever; 4. Seat; 5. Power output component; 6. Walking component; 61. Front walking wheel; 62. Rear walking wheel. [Detailed Implementation]

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 The image shows an outdoor work vehicle according to one embodiment of the present application, including a frame 1, an operating component 3, a seat 4, a power output component 5, a walking component 6, and a power system 2.

[0053] The frame 1 extends along a straight line, and the operating components 3, seat 4, power output components 5, running components 6 and power system 2 are located at different positions on the frame 1.

[0054] The operating component 3 includes a left operating lever 31 on the left side and a right operating lever 32 on the right side of the outdoor work vehicle. The operator controls the outdoor work vehicle to move forward, backward, or turn by manipulating the left operating lever 31 and the right operating lever 32. The operating component 3 can also be a steering wheel that controls the outdoor work vehicle.

[0055] In some embodiments, the operating component 3 is provided with control buttons for adjusting the operating speed of the power output component 5 and the walking component 6, so as to facilitate the operator to quickly and accurately control the operation of the outdoor work vehicle. Furthermore, the operating component 3 may also be provided with buttons for adjusting the brightness of the vehicle's lights, buttons for adjusting the cutting speed, etc.

[0056] In some embodiments, a vehicle-mounted hair dryer can also be installed at the front end of the frame 1 to blow away fallen leaves on the lawn, thereby reducing the inconvenience caused to outdoor work vehicles during operation. Furthermore, the operating component 3 is equipped with buttons to control the direction and air volume of the vehicle-mounted hair dryer, so that operators can control the vehicle-mounted hair dryer from the vehicle while performing driving operations, without having to get out of the vehicle.

[0057] The seat 4 is mounted on the frame 1, and the left control lever 31 and the right control lever 32 are positioned close to the seat 4 and located on the left and right sides of the seat 4 respectively, so that the operator sitting on the seat 4 can control the operation of the outdoor work vehicle by operating the left control lever 31 and the right control lever 32.

[0058] The power output component 5 serves as the component that enables the tool's function. In one embodiment, the outdoor work vehicle is specifically a ride-on lawnmower, and the power output component 5 is specifically a cutting component, located below the frame 1. It is used to output power to enable the lawnmower's mowing function.

[0059] In some embodiments, the cutting assembly includes a blade disc, a mowing element, and a cutting motor. The cutting motor is controlled by a control button on the operating assembly 3, and the mowing element is used to cut vegetation such as grasses when rotating at high speed. For example, the mowing element is a blade used to cut vegetation on a lawn. The blade disc forms a mowing space for accommodating the mowing element, which is at least partially located within the mowing space.

[0060] The power output component 5 can also be detached from the outdoor work vehicle. It is understood that the power output component 5 can be replaced with other components to meet the usage needs of different garden operations. Therefore, the outdoor garden lawnmower can not only cut vegetation, but the cutting component can also be replaced with functional parts such as snow shoveling, snow sweeping, snow blowing, and rinsing. Those skilled in the art should be able to adapt and replace various functional parts without creative effort, and all of the above should be included within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0061] When the cutting components are replaced with functional components such as snow shovel, snow sweeper, or snow blower, the power system 2 of the outdoor work vehicle of this application can also supply power to the aforementioned functional components such as snow shovel, snow sweeper, and snow blower.

[0062] The walking assembly 6 includes walking wheels mounted on the frame 1 and a walking motor for driving the walking wheels. The walking wheels are located on both sides of the frame 1, so that the center of gravity of the outdoor work vehicle is kept within the frame 1, thereby reducing the probability of the outdoor work vehicle overturning when walking.

[0063] In one embodiment, the number of wheels is set to four, including two front wheels 61 and two rear wheels 62. The front wheels 61 can be omnidirectional wheels. A drive motor is connected to each of the rear wheels 62 to drive their rotation. Both rear wheels 62 are matched with drive motors, and the speeds of the two drive motors can be the same or different. When the operator is driving the outdoor work vehicle straight, the speeds of the two drive motors are approximately the same; when the operator is driving the outdoor work vehicle turning, the speeds of the two drive motors are different, and the outdoor work vehicle turns towards the side with the lower speed drive motor. The diameter of the front wheels 61 is smaller than the diameter of the rear wheels 62.

[0064] The power system 2 is located at the rear of the vehicle frame 1. The power system 2 includes multiple battery packs 22, a power management device 23 (power management module) configured to uniformly manage the charging and discharging processes of at least the multiple battery packs, and a battery compartment 21 for mounting the multiple battery packs 22. The multiple battery packs 22 are electrically connected to external terminals 213 on the battery compartment 21 via terminals thereon to power the outdoor work vehicle. The multiple battery packs 22 include first-type battery packs 22 and second-type battery packs 22. Furthermore, the battery compartment 21 can be configured to accommodate first-type and second-type battery packs 22 with different capacities or sizes to increase the compatibility of the outdoor work vehicle with different types of battery packs 22. At least one of the battery packs 22 can be detached from the outdoor work vehicle to power other handheld power tools or energy storage devices, increasing the versatility of the battery packs 22. In some embodiments, the first-type battery pack includes a ternary lithium battery pack, and the second-type battery pack includes a lithium iron phosphate battery pack.

[0065] Compared to traditional methods that use fossil fuels as an energy source, the outdoor work vehicle proposed in this application is more environmentally friendly and better suited to long-term development plans.

[0066] Please also refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9In some embodiments, the power system 2 includes a battery compartment 21, a battery pack 22, and a power management module, with the battery pack 22 housed within the battery compartment 21. The power management module is located outside the battery compartment 21 and includes a housing body 231. The housing body 231 includes a first receiving cavity 232 and a second receiving cavity 233 that are isolated from each other. The first receiving cavity 232 is configured to accommodate at least one circuit board, on which a connection portion for connecting to an external device is provided. The connection portion extends into the second receiving cavity 233, and the second receiving cavity 233 is at least configured as a wiring area for electrically and / or signally connecting the connection portion located within the second receiving cavity 233 to an external device.

[0067] By separating the first receiving cavity 232 for accommodating the circuit board and the second receiving cavity 233 for wiring the circuit board, the operator can perform wiring or disconnection operations only in the second receiving cavity 233 without touching the circuit board, thus providing good protection for the circuit board and the electrical components on it.

[0068] like Figures 6-11 As shown, in some embodiments, two circuit boards are disposed within the first receiving cavity 232. One circuit board 24 is configured to supply power to the walking assembly 6 and / or the power output assembly 5, and the other is configured to output communication information. A connection portion is configured as a first connection portion 242 on the first circuit board 24 and as a second connection portion 252 on the second circuit board 25. The first connection portion 242 can extend from the first receiving cavity 232 to the second receiving cavity 233; the second connection portion 252 can extend from the first receiving cavity 232 to the second receiving cavity 233. By disposing the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 in the first receiving cavity 232, and extending the first connection portion 242 of the first circuit board 24 and the second connection portion 252 of the second circuit board 25 to the second receiving cavity 233, the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 can be electrically and / or signal connected to external devices through their respective connection portions, while reducing direct physical contact between the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 and the outside world, thus avoiding impacts.

[0069] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in some embodiments, the outer shell body 231 has a first stepped surface 2321 and a second stepped surface 2322 formed in the first receiving cavity 232. The first stepped surface 2321 is provided with a first through hole 23211, and the second stepped surface 2322 is provided with a second through hole 23221. The first connecting portion 242 can extend from the first receiving cavity 232 to the second receiving cavity 233 through the first through hole 23211, and the second connecting portion 252 can extend from the first receiving cavity 232 to the second receiving cavity 233 through the second through hole 23221. The first through hole 23211 and the second through hole 23221 both connect to the first receiving cavity 232 and the second receiving cavity 233. The first connecting part 242 passes through the first through hole 23211 and is partially located in the second receiving cavity 233. The second connecting part 252 passes through the second through hole 23221 and is partially located in the second receiving cavity 233. In this way, the first connecting part 242 and the second connecting part 252 extend to the second receiving cavity 233 through different first step surfaces 2321 and second step surfaces 2322, respectively. This helps to make the wiring harness connection neat by independently wiring the first connecting part 242 and the second connecting part 252.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first through-hole 23211 and the second through-hole 23221 are located above the second receiving cavity 233. This prevents liquid or water droplets in the second receiving cavity 233 from flowing into the first receiving cavity 232, thus avoiding contamination of the first circuit board, the second circuit board, or other components in the first receiving cavity 232.

[0071] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, one end of the first through hole 23211 is located in the first wiring area 2331, and the other end is located in the first stepped surface 2321. One end of the second through hole 23221 is located in the second wiring area 2332, and the other end is located in the second stepped surface 2322.

[0072] like Figures 8-11As shown, in some embodiments, the first step surface 2321 and the second step surface 2322 have different heights. The first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 are arranged in a top-bottom layer. Specifically, the height of the first step surface 2321 is higher than the height of the second step surface 2322, and the height of the first circuit board 24 is similar to and slightly higher than the height of the first step surface 2321. The height of the second circuit board 25 is similar to and slightly higher than the height of the second step surface 2322. The portion of the first circuit board 24 with the first connecting portion 242 is correspondingly arranged with the first step surface 2321, and the portion of the second circuit board 25 with the second connecting portion 252 is correspondingly arranged with the second step surface 2322. By independently arranging the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 in layers, and by setting the first step surface 2321 and the second step surface 2322 to match the heights of the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25, the overall power management device 23 has a compact structural layout, and the layered design of the first connecting portion 242 and the second connecting portion 252 prevents interference between them.

[0073] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the second receiving cavity 233 includes at least a wiring area, which includes a first wiring area 2331 and a second wiring area 2332 with different heights. A first connecting portion 242 can enter the first wiring area 2331 through a first through hole 23211 via a first stepped surface 2321, and a second connecting portion 252 can enter the second wiring area 2332 through a second through hole 23221 via a second stepped surface 2322. The wiring areas are configured as the first wiring area 2331 and the second wiring area 2332 with different heights. The first connecting portion 242 is connected to an external device via a wiring harness in the first wiring area 2331, and the second connecting portion 252 is connected to an external device via a wiring harness in the second wiring area 2332. In this way, within the second receiving cavity 233, the wiring harnesses connected to the first connecting portion 242 and the second connecting portion 252 are also arranged in layers, reducing interference between the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 when connecting wiring harnesses to external devices.

[0074] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, on outdoor work vehicles, the height of the first circuit board 24 is higher than the height of the second circuit board 25, and the height of the first wiring area 2331 is higher than the height of the second wiring area 2332.

[0075] like Figures 8 to 11As shown, in some embodiments, two second receiving cavities 233 are provided, and the two second receiving cavities 233 are respectively provided on both sides of the first receiving cavity 232. Specifically, each second receiving cavity 233 has one first wiring area 2331 on each side of the first receiving cavity 232, for a total of two first wiring areas 2331. Correspondingly, two first stepped surfaces 2321 are provided in the first receiving cavity 232, each first stepped surface 2321 corresponding to one first wiring area 2331, and each first stepped surface 2321 is provided with a first through hole 23211 to connect the first wiring area 2331. Each second receiving cavity 233 has one second wiring area 2332 on each side of the first receiving cavity 232, for a total of two second wiring areas 2332. Correspondingly, two second stepped surfaces 2322 are provided within the first receiving cavity 232. Each second stepped surface 2322 corresponds to a second wiring area 2332, and each second stepped surface 2322 is provided with a second through hole 23221 to connect to the second wiring area 2332. The first circuit board 24 can be electrically connected and / or signal connected to external devices through the two first wiring areas 2331, and the second circuit board 25 can be electrically connected and / or signal connected to external devices through the two second wiring areas 2332.

[0076] like Figures 4 to 6 and Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, a first cover plate 234 is provided at the opening of the first receiving cavity 232, and a second cover plate 235 is provided at the opening of the second receiving cavity 233. After the circuit board is installed in the first receiving cavity 232, the circuit board can be sealed in the first receiving cavity 232 by the first cover plate 234 to protect the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25.

[0077] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when an external device is connected to the first connecting part 242 and the second connecting part 252 via a wire harness, the second cover plate 235 is used to store the first connecting part 242, the second connecting part 252, and part of the wire harness located in the second receiving cavity 233 within the second receiving cavity 233. A first notch is provided on the outer casing body 231, and a second notch is provided on the second cover plate 235. When the second cover plate 235 is closed with the outer casing body 231, the first notch and the second notch combine to form a connection interface, allowing the wire harness to pass through.

[0078] like Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, a first sealing element is provided between the first cover plate 234 and the outer shell body 231, which can be a sealing strip 2342 or other sealing devices. Specifically, a sealing receiving groove 2341 is provided around the first cover plate 234, and a sealing strip 2342 is provided in the sealing receiving groove 2341. The sealing strip 2342 is partially exposed in the sealing receiving groove 2341. When the first cover plate 234 is closed with the outer shell body 231, the outer shell body 231 presses the sealing strip 2342 and is sealed and locked with the outer shell body 231 by screws.

[0079] In some embodiments, a second sealing element is provided between the second cover plate 235 and the outer casing body 231, which may be a sealing strip 2342 or other sealing devices. Furthermore, two second receiving cavities 233 are provided, correspondingly two second cover plates 235 are provided, and two sealing strips 2342 are also provided to seal the gap between the second cover plate 235 and the outer casing body 231.

[0080] In some embodiments, two, three or more first receiving cavities 232 may be provided, and one, three or more second receiving cavities 233 may be provided.

[0081] Please also refer to section 2. Figure 3 , Figures 7 to 9 In some embodiments, the power system 2 includes a battery compartment 21, a battery pack 22, and a power management device 23. The battery compartment 21 has an opening; the battery pack 22 is configured to be detachably fitted into the battery compartment 21 along the opening; the power management device 23 includes a housing body 231, which includes a first receiving cavity 232 and a second receiving cavity 233 separated from each other. The first receiving cavity 232 is configured to accommodate at least one circuit board, on which a connection portion for connecting to an external device is provided. The connection portion extends into the second receiving cavity 233, and the second receiving cavity 233 is at least configured as a wiring area for electrically and / or signally connecting the connection portion located in the second receiving cavity 233 to an external device. The connection portion is disposed on a mounting surface of the circuit board, the orientation of which is different from the orientation of the opening of the battery compartment 21.

[0082] In some embodiments, the opening of the battery compartment 21 faces upward and the mounting surface of the circuit board faces downward. This allows the battery compartment 21 to be unsecured from the frame 1 and the power management device 23 to be flipped when wiring or disconnecting wires or repairing the circuit board inside the power management device 23 on the vehicle. This allows the power management device 23 to be flipped from the bottom of the battery compartment 21 to an angle and position that is easy for workers to access, thereby facilitating wiring or disconnecting of the connection part or disassembling of the housing 230 for circuit board repair.

[0083] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the connector is different from the opening direction of the battery compartment 21. Furthermore, the extension is disposed on the mounting surface of the circuit board and extends away from the mounting surface. The opening direction of the battery compartment 21 is upward, the mounting surface of the circuit board is downward, and the extension direction of the connector is also downward.

[0084] Furthermore, the power management device 23 can be installed at the bottom of the battery compartment 21, or on the side or top of the battery compartment 21, depending on the actual usage requirements.

[0085] The mounting surface of the circuit board can also be aligned with the opening direction of the battery compartment 21. In some embodiments, when the opening of the battery compartment 21 faces upward, the mounting surface of the circuit board also faces upward. In some embodiments, when the opening of the battery compartment 21 is horizontal, the mounting surface of the circuit board is also horizontal.

[0086] Please also refer to section 2. Figure 3 , Figures 7 to 9 In some embodiments, on outdoor work vehicles, the opening of the battery compartment 21 faces upward, while the opening of the second receiving cavity 233 faces downward, opposite to the opening of the battery compartment 21. In conjunction with the above embodiments, since the mounting surface of the circuit board faces downward, the connection portion of the mounting surface also faces downward, and since the connection portion of the circuit board is located within the second receiving cavity 233, the opening of the second receiving cavity 233 is set downward. During maintenance, when the battery compartment 21 is flipped, the battery management device is also flipped, so that the second receiving cavity 233 is presented to the operator at a convenient position and angle for wiring harness assembly / disassembly or disassembly / assembly of the power management device 23 housing 230.

[0087] Please also refer to section 2. Figure 3 , Figures 7 to 9 In some embodiments, the power management device 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the battery compartment 21 and can move with the battery compartment 21. When the battery compartment 21 is moved, the power management device 23 can be moved simultaneously. Furthermore, when the opening of the battery compartment 21 faces upward and the second receiving cavity 233 of the power management device 23 faces downward, when the battery compartment 21 is moved and its opening is oriented horizontally or downward, the opening of the second receiving cavity 233 of the power management device 23 will correspondingly be oriented horizontally or upward. This facilitates operation within the second receiving cavity 233, allowing for the wiring harness connection of the first and second terminals to external devices.

[0088] In some embodiments, when the opening direction of the battery compartment 21 is upward, the opening direction of the second receiving cavity 233 of the power management device 23 can also be set horizontally or upward. Of course, the opening direction of the second receiving cavity 233 can also be set tilted upward or tilted downward, or it can be set horizontally.

[0089] In some embodiments, the opening direction of the first receiving cavity 232 is different from the opening direction of the battery compartment 21, that is, the opening direction of the first receiving cavity 232 is also downward. In some embodiments, the opening direction of the first receiving cavity 232 is the same as the opening direction of the battery compartment 21. Of course, the opening direction of the first receiving cavity 232 can also be set upward, horizontal, or downward according to actual needs.

[0090] In some embodiments, the opening of the battery compartment 21 is upward, the opening of the first receiving cavity 232 is upward, and the opening of the second receiving cavity 233 is downward.

[0091] In some embodiments, the power management device 23 is disposed on an outdoor work vehicle, and the surface on the outdoor work vehicle that connects to the power management device 23 is the connecting surface, and the opening direction of the second receiving cavity 233 is opposite to the connecting surface. Further, the power management device 23 may also be disposed on the frame 1 or seat 4, or other feasible locations, with the surface on the outdoor work vehicle that connects to the power management device 23 being the connecting surface, and the opening direction of the second receiving cavity 233 being set opposite to the connecting surface. This is to ensure that the connecting surface does not interfere with the installation or removal of the housing 230 of the power management device 23 or the installation or removal of the wiring harness within the second receiving cavity 233.

[0092] Please also refer to section 2. Figure 3 , Figures 6 to 10 and Figure 12In some embodiments, the power system 2 includes a battery compartment 21, a battery pack 22, and a power management device 23. The battery pack 22 is assembled within the battery compartment 21. The power management device 23 is configured to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack 22. The power management device 23 includes a housing body 231, which is configured as a first receiving cavity 232 and a second receiving cavity 233 isolated from each other. The first receiving cavity 232 is configured to receive a first circuit board 24 and a second circuit board 25. The first circuit board 24 is used to provide electrical power to the walking assembly 6 and / or the power output assembly 5. The second circuit board 25 is configured to transmit communication signals. The first circuit board 24 is provided with a first connecting portion 242, and the second circuit board 25 is provided with a second connecting portion 252. Both the first connecting portion 242 and the second connecting portion 252 can extend from the first receiving cavity 232 to the second receiving cavity 233. The first connecting portion 242 and the second connecting portion 252 can respectively make electrical connections and / or signal connections with external devices.

[0093] The outer casing 231 has a first stepped surface 2321 and a second stepped surface 2322 with different heights within the first receiving cavity 232. The first stepped surface 2321 has a first through hole 23211 connecting the first receiving cavity 232 and the second receiving cavity 233, and the second stepped surface 2322 has a second through hole 23221 connecting the first receiving cavity 232 and the second receiving cavity 233. The first connecting part 242 can enter the second receiving cavity 233 through the first through hole 23211, and the second connecting part 252 can enter the second receiving cavity 233 through the second through hole 23221. This allows terminals on two circuit boards within one cavity to be led out to another cavity via stepped surfaces of different heights. This ensures that when wiring to the two circuit boards is done separately, the wiring harness on the first circuit board 24 will not interfere with the wiring harness on the second circuit board 25, resulting in neat and orderly wiring connections. Furthermore, it prevents overcrowding when arranging wiring harnesses on a single circuit board. In particular, it reduces the likelihood of wires bridging between wiring harnesses on circuit boards subject to overcurrent, thereby reducing the occurrence of short circuits and thus minimizing potential safety hazards.

[0094] Furthermore, configuring the first circuit board to provide power to the walking assembly or power output assembly, and configuring the second circuit board to transmit communication signals, will reduce the impact of the magnetic field generated by the first circuit board when it experiences overcurrent on the transmission of communication signals on the second circuit board.

[0095] Furthermore, the height of the first step surface 2321 is higher than the height of the second step surface 2322, and the height of the first circuit board 24 is similar to and slightly higher than the height of the first step surface 2321. The height of the second circuit board 25 is similar to and slightly higher than the height of the second step surface 2322. The portion of the first circuit board 24 with multiple first terminals is correspondingly arranged to the first step surface 2321, and the portion of the second circuit board 25 with multiple second terminals is correspondingly arranged to the second step surface 2322. By adopting a layered and independently arranged method for the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25, and by setting the first step surface 2321 and the second step surface 2322 corresponding to the respective heights of the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25, the structural layout of the entire power management device 23 can be made more compact, while reducing the length of the first and second terminals.

[0096] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the wiring area of ​​the second receiving cavity 233 includes a first wiring area 2331 and a second wiring area 2332, with the height of the first wiring area 2331 being higher than the height of the second wiring area 2332. The two wiring areas are divided into different heights, which facilitates wire harness connection and reduces the occurrence of short circuits caused by wire bridging.

[0097] Please also refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 12 In some embodiments, the power system 2 of the outdoor work vehicle of this application further includes a battery compartment 21, a battery pack 22, and a power management device 23. The battery pack 22 is assembled inside the battery compartment 21. The power management device 23 includes a housing 230 and a circuit board assembly located within the housing 230. The circuit board assembly includes at least two circuit boards arranged in a stacked manner, and each of the two stacked circuit boards has a connection portion. In the stacking direction, the frontal projection surfaces of the two circuit boards have an overlapping area 259, and the connection portion on at least one circuit board is at least partially located outside the overlapping area 259. Because the two circuit boards are stacked, placing the connection portion of the circuit board at least partially outside the overlapping area 259 of the two circuit boards helps to reduce interference caused by the space limitation of the circuit board when external wiring harnesses are connected to the circuit board, thereby improving wiring efficiency.

[0098] In some embodiments, in the stacking direction, the projected area of ​​one of the two circuit boards is larger than the projected area of ​​the other circuit board, and the connection portion on the larger circuit board is located outside the overlapping area 259.

[0099] Please also refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments, one of the two circuit boards is at least configured as a first circuit board 24 capable of supplying power to the walking assembly 6 and / or the power output assembly 5, and the other is at least configured as a second circuit board 25 capable of outputting communication information. A connection portion is configured on the first circuit board 24 as a first connection portion 242 for connection to an external device, and on the second circuit board 25 as a second connection portion 252 for connection to an external device. In the stacking direction, the projected surfaces of the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 have an overlap region 259, and the first connection portion 242 on the first circuit board 24 is at least partially located outside the overlap region 259.

[0100] like Figure 12 In some embodiments, in the stacking direction, the projected area of ​​the first circuit board 24 is larger than the projected area of ​​the second circuit board 25, and the first connection portion 242 on the first circuit board 24 is at least partially located outside the overlapping area 259, or the first connection portion 242 on the first circuit board 24 may be entirely located outside the overlapping area 259.

[0101] Please also refer to Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments, one of the two circuit boards is at least configured as a first circuit board 24 capable of supplying power to the walking assembly 6 and / or the power output assembly 5, and the other is at least configured as a second circuit board 25 capable of outputting communication information. The first circuit board 24 has a first mounting surface 241 for mounting a first connector 242, and the second circuit board 25 has a second mounting surface 251 for mounting a second connector 252. The first and second mounting surfaces 241 face the same direction. When the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 are stacked, and the first and second mounting surfaces 241 face the same direction, the first mounting surface 241 will face the non-mounting surface of the second circuit board 25. This would cause the first connector 242 on the first mounting surface 241 to be interfered with by the second circuit board 25 when making external connections. Therefore, by placing the first connector 242 on the first mounting surface 241 outside the overlapping area 259, the interference from the second circuit board 25 can be reduced when making connections.

[0102] Please also refer to Figures 10 to 12In some embodiments, a first connection portion 242 is disposed on a first mounting surface 241 of a first circuit board 24. The first connection portion 242 includes a first terminal group 2421 and a second terminal group 2422 located in different regions. In the stacking direction, the frontal projection surface of the first circuit board 24 and the frontal projection surface of the second circuit board 25 have an overlapping region 259, and the first terminal group 2421 and the second terminal group 2422 are located on both sides of the overlapping region 259. Especially when the first mounting surface 241 and the second mounting surface 251 face the same direction, the above-described arrangement allows the first terminal group 2421 and the second terminal group 2422 located on the first circuit board 24 to connect to external devices while avoiding interference from the second circuit board 25.

[0103] Please also refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figures 10 to 12 Furthermore, in conjunction with the foregoing embodiments, the battery compartment 21 includes a first side plate 211 and a second side plate 212 disposed opposite to each other, and both the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212 are provided with external terminals 213; the battery pack 22 is located between the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212, and the terminals at one end of the battery pack 22 are connected to the external terminals 213 on the first side plate 211, and the terminals at the other end of the battery pack 22 are connected to the external terminals 213. In some embodiments, some terminals in the first terminal group 2421 that avoids the second circuit board 25 are connected to the external terminals 213 on the first side plate 211, and some terminals in the second terminal group 2422 that avoids the second circuit board 25 are connected to the external terminals 213 on the second side plate 212.

[0104] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, in the horizontal direction, the first terminal group 2421 is disposed near the first side plate 211, and the second terminal group 2422 is disposed near the second side plate 212.

[0105] like Figure 7 and Figure 12 In some embodiments, the first terminal group 2421 and the second terminal group 2422 on the first circuit board 24 are located on both sides of the second circuit board 25 and are arranged one in front of the other along the forward direction of the outdoor work vehicle. The third terminal group 2521 and the fourth terminal group 2522 on the second circuit board 25 are arranged one in front of the other along the forward direction of the outdoor work vehicle.

[0106] like Figure 10As shown, in some embodiments, a first connecting portion 242 is disposed on a first mounting surface 241 of a first circuit board 24. The first connecting portion 242 includes a first terminal group 2421 and a second terminal group 2422 located in different regions, and the first terminal group 2421 and the second terminal group 2422 are located on the same side of the overlapping region 259. Further, the battery compartment 21 includes a first side plate 211 and a second side plate 212 disposed opposite to each other, and the battery pack 22 is located between the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212. In the horizontal arrangement direction, the first terminal group 2421 and the second terminal group 2422 can both be disposed close to the first side plate 211, or both can be disposed close to the second side plate 212.

[0107] In some embodiments, the battery compartment 21 includes a first side plate 211 and a second side plate 212 disposed opposite to each other, and the battery pack 22 is located between the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212. In the horizontal row direction, the third terminal group 2521 and the fourth terminal group 2522 on the second circuit board 25 may be disposed close to the first side plate 211, or both may be disposed close to the second side plate 212.

[0108] In some embodiments, the power system 2 of the outdoor work vehicle of this application includes a battery pack 22, a battery compartment 21 and a power management device 23. In order to reduce the overheating of the output terminal during the charging and discharging process due to the setting of a single output terminal in the large-capacity battery pack 22, two output terminals are provided on the battery pack 22, respectively located at both ends of the battery pack 22. The output terminal of each end is configured as a terminal for outputting electrical energy to the outside or charging the battery pack 22.

[0109] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, to facilitate electrical conduction between the two terminals of the battery pack 22, the battery compartment 21 of this application includes a first side plate 211 and a second side plate 212 disposed opposite to each other. External terminals 213 are provided on both the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212. The battery pack 22 is located between the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212. A terminal at one end of the battery pack 22 is connected to the external terminal 213 on the first side plate 211, and a terminal at the other end of the battery pack 22 is connected to the external terminal 213. The power management device 23 includes a housing 230 and at least one circuit board located within the housing 230. A connection portion is provided on the circuit board. In the horizontal direction, a portion of the connection portion is disposed near the first side plate 211, and another portion is disposed near the second side plate 212. This facilitates the electrical connection of the portion of the power management device 23 to its respective external terminal 213, thereby facilitating the power management device 23's control over the charging and discharging of the battery pack 22.

[0110] Please also refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 In some embodiments, two circuit boards are disposed within the housing 230, one of which is at least configured as a first circuit board 24 capable of supplying power to the walking assembly 6 and / or the power output assembly 5, and the other is at least configured as a second circuit board 25 capable of outputting communication information. A connection portion is configured as a first connection portion 242 on the first circuit board 24, which, in the horizontal direction, includes a first terminal group 2421 disposed near the first side plate 211 and a second terminal group 2422 disposed near the second side plate 212. A connection portion is configured as a second connection portion 252 on the second circuit board 25, which, in the horizontal direction, includes a third terminal group 2521 disposed near the first side plate 211 and a fourth terminal group 2522 disposed near the second side plate 212. The first connecting portion 242 is divided into a first terminal group 2421 located near the first side plate 211 and a second terminal group 2422 located near the second side plate 212. This allows the first circuit board 24 to connect a portion of the terminals in its first terminal group 2421 to the external terminals 213 on the first side plate 211 via wiring harnesses, and similarly, to connect a portion of the terminals in its second terminal group 2422 to the external terminals 213 on the second side plate 212 via wiring harnesses. Simultaneously, the second circuit board 25 connects a portion of the terminals in its third terminal group 2521 to the external terminals 213 on the first side plate 211 via wiring harnesses, and similarly, to a portion of the terminals in its fourth terminal group 2522 to the external terminals 213 on the second side plate 212 via wiring harnesses. This saves wiring harnesses and makes the wiring harness layout more rational.

[0111] It should be understood that, in some embodiments, the first circuit board 24 of this application is configured to receive external electrical energy to charge the battery pack 22, or to receive electrical energy from the battery pack 22 and supply power to one of the power output component 5 and the walking component 6, or simultaneously supply power to both the power output component 5 and the walking component 6. The second circuit board 25 is configured primarily to receive and transmit information to control the first circuit board 24 to receive external electrical energy to charge the battery pack 22 or to control the battery pack 22 to discharge externally.

[0112] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 12In some embodiments, in the horizontal direction, a first interface group 2301 connecting the interior and exterior of the housing 230 is provided on the housing 230 near the first side plate 211, and a second interface group 2302 connecting the interior and exterior of the housing 230 is provided on the housing 230 near the second side plate 212. The first terminal group 2421 and the third terminal group 2521 are connected to external devices through the first interface group 2301, and the second terminal group 2422 and the fourth terminal group 2522 are connected to external devices through the second interface group 2302.

[0113] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments, the first interface group 2301 includes a first battery pack connection interface 23011. Some terminals in the first terminal group 2421 are configured as first battery pack power terminals 24211, and external terminals 213 on the first side plate 211 connected to the battery pack 22 are electrically connected to the first battery pack power terminals 24211 through the first battery pack connection interface 23011. Some terminals in the third terminal group 2521 are configured as first battery pack signal terminals 25211, and external terminals 213 on the first side plate 211 connected to the battery pack 22 are electrically connected to the first battery pack signal terminals 25211 through the first battery pack connection interface 23011. This achieves electrical connection between the power terminals on the battery pack 22 located near the first side plate 211 and the first circuit board 24, and signal connection with the second circuit board 25.

[0114] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments, the second interface group 2302 includes a second battery pack connection interface 23021. A portion of the terminals of the second terminal group 2422 are configured as second battery pack power terminals 24221. An external terminal 213 on the second side plate 212 connected to the battery pack 22 is electrically connected to the second battery pack power terminals 24221 through the second battery pack connection interface 23021. A portion of the fourth terminal group 2522 is configured as a second battery pack signal terminal 25221. The external terminal 213 on the second side plate 212 connected to the battery pack 22 is electrically connected to the second battery pack signal terminal 25221 through the second battery pack connection interface 23021. This enables the external terminal 213 on the battery pack 22, located near the second side plate 212, to be electrically connected to the first circuit board 24 and to achieve signal connection with the second circuit board 25.

[0115] like Figure 10 -to Figure 12In some embodiments, a first electrical component is configured on a first circuit board 24, located between a first terminal group 2421 and a second terminal group 2422. The first electrical component includes a switch array 243 and a capacitor array 244. The switch array 243 may be an array composed of multiple MOSFET switches 2431, and the capacitor array 244 may be an array composed of multiple capacitors 2441. A second electrical component is configured on a second circuit board 25, located between a third terminal group 2521 and a fourth terminal group 2522. The second electrical component includes a processor 257 and other processing modules, etc.

[0116] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments, the first side plate 211 is further provided with a charging connector 2112 for connecting to an external charging gun. The first interface group 2301 includes a charging interface 23012. Some terminals in the first terminal group 2421 are configured as charging terminals 24212 capable of connecting to the charging connector 2112, and the charging connector 2112 can be connected to the charging terminal 24212 via a wire harness passing through the charging interface 23012. The charging terminal 24212 is electrically connected on the first circuit board 24 to the first battery pack connection terminal 24211 and the second battery pack connection terminal 24221, respectively. The third terminal group 2521 includes a charge / discharge signal terminal 25213 capable of connecting to the charging connector 2112, and the charging connector 2112 can be connected to the charge / discharge signal terminal 25213 via a wire harness passing through the charging interface 23012. The charging gun supplies power to the outdoor work vehicle through the charging connector 2112. The charging connector 2112 is connected to the charging terminal 24212. The charging terminal 24212 is electrically connected to the first battery pack terminal 24211 and the second battery pack terminal 24221 through the first circuit board 24, which can supply power to the battery pack 22 and transmit the charging information of the charging terminal 24212 to the battery pack 22 in real time through the charging and discharging signal terminal 25213.

[0117] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14In some embodiments, the outdoor work vehicle further includes a controller that controls the operation of at least the walking assembly 6 and the power output assembly 5. The second interface group 2302 includes a power delivery interface 23022. The second terminal group 2422 includes a power output terminal 24222 capable of outputting electrical energy, which can be connected to the controller via a wiring harness passing through the power delivery interface 23022. The second interface group 2302 also includes a signal transmission interface 23023, and the fourth terminal group 2522 is configured as a signal transmission terminal 25223 connected to the controller via a wiring harness passing through the signal transmission interface 23023. The battery pack 22 delivers electrical energy to the power output assembly 5 and / or the walking assembly 6 on the outdoor work vehicle through the power output terminal 24222 on the first circuit board 24, and monitors the power delivery status of the power output terminal 24222 in real time through the signal transmission terminal 25223, so that the second circuit board 25 controls the battery pack 22 to supply power to the walking assembly 6 and / or the power output assembly 5.

[0118] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14 In some embodiments, the charging terminal 24212 includes a positive charging terminal 242121 and a negative charging terminal 242122, and the power output terminal 24222 includes a positive output terminal 242221 and a negative output terminal 242222. A conductor 245 is connected between the negative charging terminal 242122 and the negative output terminal 242222. A current sensor for detecting current is provided on the second circuit board 25. Further, the current sensor includes a Hall ring 258 with an inner hole. The conductor 245 extends at least partially into the inner hole of the Hall ring 258. Specifically, a conductive post 2451 is also provided on the conductor 245, extending into the inner hole of the Hall ring 258. The Hall ring 258 can monitor the magnitude of the current flowing through the conductor 245, so as to transmit the current magnitude to the second circuit board 25 and the controller, so as to interact with the battery pack 22 based on the magnitude of the current monitored by the Hall ring 258.

[0119] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14In some embodiments, a first cooling fan 2111 capable of dissipating heat from the battery pack 22 is provided on the first side plate 211, and a second cooling fan 2112 capable of dissipating heat from the battery pack 22 is provided on the second side plate 212. Some interfaces in the first interface group 2301 further include a first fan interface 23013 configured to connect to the first cooling fan 2111, and a third terminal group 2521 includes a first fan terminal 25212 configured to be electrically connected to the first cooling fan 2111. The second interface group 2302 further includes a second fan interface 23024 configured to connect to the second cooling fan 2112, and a fourth terminal group 2522 includes a second fan terminal 25222 configured to be electrically connected to the second cooling fan 2112. In some embodiments, multiple first cooling fans 2111 and multiple second cooling fans 2112 are provided on the first side plate 211.

[0120] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14 In this application, the first cooling fan 2111 and the second cooling fan 2112 are controlled by the second circuit board 25 to dissipate heat from the battery pack 22. Specifically, the second circuit board 25 can control the speed and forward / reverse rotation of the first cooling fan 2111 and the second cooling fan 2112, and thus execute corresponding instructions according to the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack 22. For example, when the heat generated by the battery pack 22 is not high, only some of the multiple first cooling fans 2111 and multiple second cooling fans 2112 are used to dissipate heat from the battery pack 22; when the heat generated by the battery pack 22 is high, all of the multiple first cooling fans 2111 and multiple second cooling fans 2112 are started to dissipate heat from the battery pack 22.

[0121] Furthermore, the plurality of first cooling fans 2111 and the plurality of second cooling fans 2112 in this application can simultaneously blow air onto the battery pack 22 or simultaneously exhaust air to the outside, thereby extracting heat from the battery pack 22 to achieve the purpose of cooling the battery pack 22, or some of the plurality of first cooling fans 2111 and the plurality of second cooling fans 2112 can rotate in the forward direction or some can rotate in the reverse direction.

[0122] In some embodiments, a fan step-down module 2561 is also provided on the second circuit board 25. The second circuit board 25 is electrically connected to the first circuit board 24, and obtains electrical energy from the battery pack 22 through the first circuit board 24. The fan step-down module 2561 converts the high voltage of the battery pack 22 into the low voltage required for the operation of the first cooling fan 2111 and the second cooling fan 2112.

[0123] It should be understood that, in addition to providing power to the power output assembly 5 and / or the walking assembly 6, the first circuit board 24 in this application also provides power to the second circuit board 25. The second circuit board 25 is capable of outputting communication information to the first circuit board 24 to control the external power supply operation of the first circuit board 24.

[0124] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14 In some embodiments, a reversing radar 214 and a radar controller 215 electrically connected to the reversing radar 214 are connected to the battery compartment 21. An expansion interface 23014 is also provided on the housing 230. A radar terminal 253 is also provided on the second circuit board 25. The radar terminal 253 can be connected to the radar controller 215 via a wiring harness passing through the expansion interface 23014. The radar controller 215 is connected to the radar via the wiring harness. A radar step-down module 254 is also provided on the second circuit board 25. The second circuit board 25 is electrically connected to the first circuit board 24. It obtains power from the battery pack 22 through the first circuit board 24 and converts the high voltage of the battery pack 22 into the low voltage required for the operation of the radar controller 215 and the radar through the radar step-down module 254. The radar controller 215 obtains information transmitted by the radar, processes the information, and transmits it to the first circuit board 24. Specifically, the reversing radar 214 is used to detect obstacles during vehicle driving or reversing to avoid collisions. The reversing radar is electrically and communicatively connected to the second circuit board, which is also configured to issue a warning when an obstacle is detected within a certain distance range based on the detection results of the reversing radar.

[0125] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14 In some embodiments, a taillight 216 is connected to the battery compartment 21, an expansion interface 23014 is provided on the housing 230, and a taillight 216 terminal is provided on the second circuit board 25. The taillight 216 terminal can be connected to the taillight 216 via a wiring harness passing through the expansion interface 23014. The second circuit board 25 is also provided with a taillight 216 step-down module. The second circuit board 25 is electrically connected to the first circuit board 24, obtains power from the battery pack 22 through the first circuit board 24, and converts the high voltage of the battery pack 22 into the low voltage required for the taillight 216 to operate through the taillight 216 step-down module. The second circuit board 25 is also configured to control the lighting mode of the taillight 216.

[0126] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14In some embodiments, the battery compartment 21 has a cover at its opening, and a monitoring switch 28 is provided on the cover to monitor its opening and closing status. An expansion interface 23014 is provided on the housing 230. The circuit board is configured as at least a second circuit board 25 capable of outputting communication information. The second circuit board 25 has a switch terminal 256, and the monitoring switch 28 can be connected to the switch terminal 256 via a wiring harness passing through the expansion interface 23014. When the vehicle is charging outdoors, since high-voltage charging is often used, when the operator opens the cover, the monitoring switch 28 on the cover detects that the cover is open and transmits this information to the second circuit board 25 within the power management device 23. The second circuit board 25 then controls and reduces the charging current and voltage to prevent injury to the operator.

[0127] This application demonstrates the layered arrangement of the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25, which allows for the installation of more external wiring interfaces on the first and second circuit boards 24 and 25 within a limited space. This enables the addition of functional modules to the first and second circuit boards 24 and 25 as needed, and facilitates information exchange or power transmission through the added interfaces, thereby enriching the functionality of the power management device 23. For example, as mentioned above, the second circuit board 25 can be equipped with a taillight step-down module, a radar step-down module, and a cooling fan step-down module.

[0128] In some embodiments, in the horizontal direction, the power management device 23 is disposed between the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212, so that the power management device 23 can make relatively balanced electrical and signal connections with the external terminals 213, the first cooling fan 2111, and the second cooling fan 2112 on the first side plate 211 and the second side plate 212 in the horizontal direction.

[0129] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14In some embodiments, the power system 2 of the outdoor work vehicle of this application is at least configured to supply power to the outdoor work vehicle. The power system 2 includes a battery compartment 21, a battery pack 22, and a power management device 23. The battery pack 22 is installed in the battery compartment 21 and can discharge to the outdoor work equipment and obtain external power to charge itself. The power management device 23 is at least configured to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack 22. The power management device 23 includes a housing 230 and at least one circuit board located in the housing 230. The circuit board is provided with independently arranged charging terminals 24212 and power output terminals 24222. The charging terminals 24212 are configured to obtain power from the charging connector 2112 and charge the battery pack 22. The power output terminals 24222 are configured to receive power from the battery pack 22 and discharge to the controller. This application independently arranges the terminals for obtaining external power and the terminals for outputting power on the circuit board, so that the wiring harness layout is dispersed and there is no problem of a large number of wiring harnesses being concentrated and inconvenient for external wiring.

[0130] Please also refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figures 10 to 14 In some embodiments, two circuit boards are disposed within the housing 230, one configured as a first circuit board 24 and the other as a second circuit board 25. The first circuit board 24 is at least configured to mount a charging terminal 24212 and a power output terminal 24222. The second circuit board 25 is at least configured to control the operation of the first circuit board 24, which has a charging state and a discharging state. In the charging state, the second circuit board 25 can control the first circuit board 24 to supply power to the battery pack 22 via the charging terminal 24212. In the discharging state, the second circuit board 25 can control the first circuit board 24 to supply power to the controller via the power output terminal 24222. The first circuit board 24 is controlled by the second circuit board 25, which charges the battery pack 22 by controlling the charging terminal 24212 on the first circuit board 24 and supplies power to the controller by controlling the power output terminal 24222 on the first circuit board 24.

[0131] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 are stacked. In the stacking direction, the projection surfaces of the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 overlap in a region 259. The charging terminal 24212 and the power output terminal 24222 are located outside the overlapping region 259. By placing the charging terminal 24212 and the power output terminal 24222 outside the overlapping region 259, interference from the second circuit board 255 when connecting the wiring harness to the charging terminal 24212 and the power output terminal 24222 can be reduced. Moreover, when connecting or disconnecting the wiring harness, the operator can directly and quickly insert and remove the connection portion extending into the second receiving cavity, improving the assembly efficiency on the production line.

[0132] like Figure 13 As shown, in some embodiments, the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 are stacked, and the conductor 245 is disposed across the second circuit board 25. When the first circuit board 24 and the second circuit board 25 are arranged more compactly, the conductor 245 being disposed across the second circuit board 25 can save space.

[0133] like Figures 10 to 14 In some embodiments, a switch array 243 and a capacitor array 244 electrically connected to each other are provided on the circuit board. The switch array 243 is configured to control the on / off state of the current flowing through it, and the capacitor array 244 is configured to store the charge flowing through it. The capacitor array 244 is electrically connected to the charging terminal 24212 and the power output terminal 24222, respectively. In the charging state, the electrical energy transmitted from the charging connector 2112 can sequentially charge the battery pack 22 through the charging terminal 24212, the capacitor array 244, and the switch array 243. In the discharging state, the electrical energy of the battery pack 22 can sequentially discharge to the controller through the switch array 243, the capacitor array 244, and the power output terminal 24222. Specifically, the circuit board is a first circuit board 24.

[0134] like Figures 10 to 14 In some embodiments, the circuit board is further provided with battery pack terminals connected to the battery pack 22. These terminals are configured to be electrically connected to the switch array 243. The battery pack 22 receives electrical energy from the switch array 243 or outputs electrical energy to the switch array 243 through these terminals. In the discharge state, the battery pack 22 transmits electrical energy to the capacitor array 244 via the switch array 243 through its terminals. The capacitor array 244 then supplies the electrical energy to the walking component 6 and / or the power output component 5. The capacitor array 244 can also supply electrical energy to other electrical components on the outdoor work equipment, or to power the second circuit board 25. In the charging state, external electrical energy is supplied to the capacitor array 244 through the charging connector 2112. The capacitor array 244 then supplies the electrical energy to the battery pack 22 for charging via the switch array 243 and the battery pack terminals. In this embodiment, the battery pack terminals are the first battery pack terminal 24211 and the second battery pack terminal 24221 described above.

[0135] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 3In some embodiments, the outdoor work vehicle of this application includes a battery compartment 21, a battery pack 22, and a power management device 23. The battery compartment 21 has an opening. The battery pack 22 is configured to be mounted in the battery compartment 21 along the opening, and the battery pack 22 can supply power to the outdoor work vehicle. The power management device 23 is at least configured to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack 22, and an airflow channel 27 is formed between the power management device 23 and the battery compartment 21. The power management device 23 includes a housing 230 having a chamber and at least one circuit board located in the chamber. The portion of the housing 230 in contact with the airflow channel 27 is a heat dissipation part, and the circuit board is at least partially attached to the heat dissipation part. This arrangement allows the heat generated by the power management device 23 during operation to exchange with the external air, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation for the power management device 23.

[0136] See also Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the cavity of the housing 230 can be the first receiving cavity 232 in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0137] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, in some embodiments, two circuit boards are disposed within the cavity, one of which is at least configured as a first circuit board 24 capable of transmitting high-power current, and the other is at least configured as a second circuit board 25 capable of outputting communication information. The first circuit board 24 is attached to the heat dissipation unit. The first circuit board 24 capable of transmitting high-power current in this application is equivalent to the aforementioned first circuit board 24 capable of supplying power to the walking assembly 6 and / or the power output assembly 5. As can be seen from the foregoing, the first circuit board 24 is equipped with a MOSFET switch 2431 and a capacitor 2441, thus generating a considerable amount of heat. Placing the first circuit board 24 close to the first housing 230 is beneficial for heat dissipation of the circuit board.

[0138] like Figure 7 and Figures 10 to 12 As shown, in some embodiments, on outdoor work vehicles, the circuit board assembly includes a first circuit board 24 and a second circuit board 25 arranged in an upper and lower layer, with the first circuit board 24 attached to a heat sink. Specifically, the first circuit board 24 can transmit high-power current, and the second circuit board 25 can transmit control commands to control the operation of the first circuit board 24. Since the first circuit board 24 generates a lot of heat, one of the purposes of designing it independently from the second circuit board 25 is that the high heat generated by the first circuit board 24 will not affect the operation of the second circuit board 25, but will instead be exchanged with the outside environment through the heat sink.

[0139] like Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the power management device 23 is connected to the bottom of the battery compartment 21 via a bracket 26, and an airflow channel 27 is formed between the bottom of the battery compartment 21 and the power management device 23. During the movement of the outdoor work vehicle, airflow passes through the bottom of the battery compartment 21 and carries away the heat generated by the power management device 23. Furthermore, the air within the airflow channel 27 is compressed; once discharged from the airflow channel 27, the compressed air expands instantaneously and absorbs heat, further cooling the heat dissipation unit.

[0140] In some embodiments, the outdoor work vehicle of this application includes a battery compartment 21, a battery pack 22, and a power management device 23. The battery compartment 21 has an opening. The battery pack 22 is configured to be mounted in the battery compartment 21 along the opening and can power the outdoor work vehicle. The power management device 23 is configured to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack 22. An airflow channel 27 is formed between the power management device 23 and the battery compartment 21. The power management device 23 includes a housing 230 having a cavity and at least one circuit board located in the cavity. The portion of the housing 230 that contacts the airflow channel 27 is a heat dissipation portion, and the circuit board is disposed near the heat dissipation portion.

[0141] As mentioned above, by setting the circuit board close to the airflow channel 27, and by setting it relatively far away from the airflow channel 27, the heat dissipation effect of the circuit board is also better.

[0142] In some embodiments, on an outdoor work vehicle, the power management device 23 has two circuit boards disposed within its cavity. One circuit board 24 is configured to deliver high-power current, and the other is configured to output communication information. The first circuit board 24 is disposed close to a heat dissipation section. Distributing the first circuit board 24 close to the portion of the first housing 230 facilitates heat dissipation for the first circuit board 24, which generates significant heat.

[0143] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat dissipation part is a first cover plate 234 at the first receiving cavity 232. Further, the first cover plate 234 is made of a metal material.

[0144] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments, this application further includes a power management device 23 with heat dissipation function, which is at least applied to outdoor work vehicles. The power management device 23 includes: a housing body 231, a chamber with an opening, the chamber being configured to accommodate at least one circuit board; a heat-conducting element that can cover the opening of the chamber, and the heat-conducting element can exchange heat generated by the circuit board during operation with an external cold medium. The circuit board dissipates heat through the heat-conducting element, which can dissipate the heat generated by the circuit board during operation in a timely manner. It should be understood that the chamber is the aforementioned first receiving cavity 232, and the heat-conducting element is the aforementioned first cover plate 234.

[0145] like Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments, one surface of the circuit board is provided with electrical components that can generate heat, and the other surface is attached to a heat-conducting component. This attachment effectively improves the heat dissipation of the circuit board. The electrical components that can generate heat include the aforementioned MOSFET switch 2431 and capacitor 2441, etc.

[0146] like Figure 6 As shown, to further improve heat dissipation, in some embodiments, the heat-conducting component is made relatively large, which facilitates heat exchange between the heat-conducting component and the external cooling medium, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the circuit board. Specifically, the heat-conducting component is arranged parallel to the circuit board, and along a direction perpendicular to the parallel direction between the heat-conducting component and the circuit board, the projected area of ​​the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the projected area of ​​the circuit board. In some embodiments, the ratio of the projected area of ​​the heat-conducting component to the projected area of ​​the circuit board is 1 to 1.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of the projected area of ​​the heat-conducting component to the projected area of ​​the circuit board is 1, 1.2, or 1.5.

[0147] In some embodiments, the power management device 23 of this application has the following dimensions: length of 280mm to 330mm, width of 200mm to 260mm, and height of 45mm to 65mm. In some embodiments, the power management device 23 has the following dimensions: length of 280mm, 310mm, or 330mm, width of 200mm, 230mm, or 260mm, and height of 45mm, 58mm, or 65mm.

[0148] In some embodiments, the outer casing 231 and the heat-conducting element are made of different materials, and the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting element is greater than that of the outer casing 231. The higher the thermal conductivity, the better the heat dissipation effect.

[0149] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting element is made of a metallic material, and the housing body 231 is made of a non-metallic material.

[0150] This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that many alternative solutions exist for the outdoor work vehicle without departing from the principles and scope of this application. The scope of protection of this application is determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A power management device with heat dissipation function, at least applicable to outdoor work vehicles, characterized in that, The power management device includes: The housing body has an open chamber configured to accommodate at least one circuit board; A heat-conducting component is provided to cover the opening of the chamber, and the heat-conducting component can exchange the heat generated by the circuit board during operation with the external cold medium.

2. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: One surface of the circuit board is provided with electrical components that can generate heat, and the other surface is attached to the heat-conducting component.

3. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation area of ​​the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the heat dissipation area of ​​the circuit board.

4. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting component is arranged parallel to the circuit board, and along a direction perpendicular to the parallel direction between the heat-conducting component and the circuit board, the projected area of ​​the heat-conducting component is greater than or equal to the projected area of ​​the circuit board.

5. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the projected area of ​​the heat-conducting component to the projected area of ​​the circuit board is 1 to 1.

5.

6. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell and the heat-conducting component are made of different materials, and the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting component is greater than that of the outer shell.

7. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The heat-conducting component is made of a metallic material, while the outer shell is made of a non-metallic material.

8. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outdoor work vehicle includes a battery compartment with a battery pack installed, and an airflow channel is formed between the battery compartment and the power management device, with the heat-conducting component located at least partially within the airflow channel.

9. The power management device with heat dissipation function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power management device is connected to the battery compartment via a bracket.

10. An outdoor work vehicle, characterized in that, include: The walking assembly is configured to support the movement of the outdoor work vehicle; The power take-off unit is configured to perform outdoor operations; A power system, configured at least to power the outdoor work vehicle, the power system comprising: Battery compartment; The battery pack is assembled within the battery compartment; and, The power management device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the power management device is configured to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack.

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