Low-energy-consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-energy-consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device which comprises a support, a vapor-liquid separation buffer tank arranged on the support, an adsorption tower group and a hydrogen buffer tank, the adsorption tower group and the hydrogen buffer tank are arranged in parallel, and the adsorption tower group comprises five adsorption towers which are arranged in parallel and provided with gas outlet pipes and gas inlet pipes. A raw material pipe with a first valve and a reverse discharge pipe with a second valve are arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a first pressure equalizing pipe, a second pressure equalizing pipe and a third pressure equalizing pipe which are provided with pressure equalizing valves and a first air pipe with a third valve are arranged on the air outlet pipe in parallel; the support is further provided with a first communicating pipeline communicated with the first pressure equalizing pipe, a second communicating pipeline communicated with the second pressure equalizing pipe, a third communicating pipeline communicated with the third pressure equalizing pipe and a fourth communicating pipeline communicated with the first gas pipe and a gas inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank. And the lower part of the bracket is provided with a fifth communicating pipeline communicated with the raw material pipe and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank and a sixth communicating pipeline communicated with the reverse releasing pipe. The hydrogen recovery device can improve the effective recovery rate of hydrogen.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device, especially to a low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is a new type of gas adsorption separation technology, which has the following advantages: high product purity; it can generally work at room temperature and low pressure, and the bed regeneration does not need heating, so the product purity is high; the equipment is simple, and the operation and maintenance are simple; continuous circulation operation can completely achieve automation.

[0003] The traditional pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction generally adopts a 4-tower process, which adopts four adsorption towers for twice pressure equalization adsorption process, and the recovery rate is generally 75%, but the existing 4-tower process has low hydrogen effective recovery rate, large loss of raw material mixed gas, and once a valve is out of order, the machine must be stopped for repair. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims at overcoming the insufficient of prior art and provides a low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device, which solves the problems of low hydrogen effective recovery rate and large loss of raw material mixed gas.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme: a low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device, which comprises a support, a vapor-liquid separation buffer tank arranged on the support, a parallelly arranged adsorption tower group and a hydrogen buffer tank, the adsorption tower group comprises five parallelly arranged adsorption towers, each adsorption tower is provided with a gas outlet pipe at the top and a gas inlet pipe at the bottom, the gas inlet pipe is provided with a raw material pipe and a reverse discharge pipe, the raw material pipe is provided with a first valve, the reverse discharge pipe is provided with a second valve, the gas outlet pipe is provided with a first gas pipe, a second pressure reduction pipe and a third pressure reduction pipe in parallel, each of the first pressure reduction pipe, the second pressure reduction pipe and the third pressure reduction pipe is provided with a pressure equalization valve, the first gas pipe is provided with a third valve, the support is further provided with a first communication pipeline, a second communication pipeline, a third communication pipeline and a fourth communication pipeline, the first communication pipeline is communicated with the first pressure reduction pipe, the second communication pipeline is communicated with the second pressure reduction pipe, the third communication pipeline is communicated with the third pressure reduction pipe, and the fourth communication pipeline is communicated with the first gas pipe, the tail end of the fourth communication pipeline is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank, the lower part of the support is further provided with a fifth communication pipeline and a sixth communication pipeline, the fifth communication pipeline is communicated with the raw material pipe, and the sixth communication pipeline is communicated with the reverse discharge pipe, the fifth communication pipeline is communicated with the gas outlet of the vapor-liquid separation buffer tank, the tail end of the sixth communication pipeline is provided with a gas discharge port, the gas outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank is provided with a product gas pipe, and the product gas pipe is provided with an outlet flow detection system.

[0006] Further, the first communication pipeline and the third communication pipeline are provided with a first connecting pipe in communication with each other, and the second communication pipeline and the fourth communication pipeline are provided with a second connecting pipe in communication with each other, and each of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe is provided with a fourth valve.

[0007] Further, the equalizing valve, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve are all program-controlled valves.

[0008] Further, the adsorption tower is provided with tower-internal adsorption fillers.

[0009] Further, the tower-internal adsorption fillers are loaded in sequence from bottom to top and include porcelain balls, aluminum oxide, activated carbon and hydrogen-extraction molecular sieves.

[0010] Further, the adsorption tower adopts a complex double-cylinder long-flow structure.

[0011] Further, the adsorption tower with the complex double-cylinder long-flow structure includes a cylinder, a cavity arranged in the cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the cavity, the cylinder bottom is provided with an air inlet passing through the cavity and communicating with the inner cylinder bottom, the bottom sidewall is provided with an air outlet communicating with the cavity, the inner cylinder top communicates with the cylinder cavity, the air inlet communicates with an air inlet pipe, and the air outlet communicates with an air outlet pipe.

[0012] The low-energy-consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects achieved by the above structure: the device adopts a 5-tower process, utilizes five adsorption towers to perform three times of equalizing adsorption process, maximally improves hydrogen recovery rate, and hydrogen effective recovery rate can reach more than 90%. Compared with the traditional process, 10% raw material gas of the raw material mixed gas is saved, the complex double-cylinder long-flow structure of the adsorption tower shortens the height of the adsorption tower, and gas passes through the adsorption tower bed layer for a longer time, so that hydrogen purity is higher; once a valve is out of order, the 4-tower process can be switched immediately, so that economic loss caused by equipment failure is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] The technical scheme of the utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the low-energy-consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device is shown.

[0015] Figure 2 The structure schematic view of another adsorption tower is shown.

[0016] Wherein: 1, support; 2, vapor-liquid separation buffer tank; 3, hydrogen buffer tank; 4, adsorption tower; 5, gas pipe; 6, gas pipe; 7, raw material pipe; 8, reverse pipe; 9, first valve; 10, second valve; 11, one pressure reducing pipe; 12, two pressure reducing pipe; 13, three pressure reducing pipe; 14, first gas pipe; 15, pressure equalizing valve; 16, third valve; 17, first communication pipeline; 18, second communication pipeline; 19, third communication pipeline; 20, fourth communication pipeline; 21, fifth communication pipeline; 22, sixth communication pipeline; 23, gas discharge port; 25, first connecting pipe; 26, second connecting pipe; 27, fourth valve; 28, cylinder; 29, cavity; 30, inner cylinder; 31, gas inlet; 32, gas outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the scheme of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] The designer of the utility model in view of the demand of pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction, innovatively puts forward a kind of low-energy-consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device, can improve hydrogen effective recovery rate, reduce raw material mixed gas loss.

[0019] As Figure 1As shown, a low-energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device, including a support 1 and a vapor-liquid separation buffer tank 2, a parallelly arranged adsorption tower group and a hydrogen buffer tank 3 arranged on the support 1, the adsorption tower group includes five parallelly arranged adsorption towers 4, each adsorption tower 4 is provided with a gas outlet pipe 5 at the top and a gas inlet pipe 6 at the bottom, the gas inlet pipe 6 is provided with a raw material pipe 7 and a reverse discharge pipe 8, the raw material pipe 7 is provided with a first valve 9, the reverse discharge pipe 8 is provided with a second valve 10, the gas outlet pipe 5 is provided with a first pressure reducing pipe 11, a second pressure reducing pipe 12, a third pressure reducing pipe 13 and a first gas pipe 14 in parallel, each of the first pressure reducing pipe 11, the second pressure reducing pipe 12 and the third pressure reducing pipe 13 is provided with a pressure equalizing valve 15, the first gas pipe 14 is provided with a third valve 16, the support 1 is further provided with a first communication pipe 17, a second communication pipe 18, a third communication pipe 19 and a fourth communication pipe 20, the first communication pipe 17 communicates with the first pressure reducing pipe 11, the second communication pipe 18 communicates with the second pressure reducing pipe 12, the third communication pipe 19 communicates with the third pressure reducing pipe 13, and the fourth communication pipe 20 communicates with the first gas pipe 14, the tail end of the fourth communication pipe 20 communicates with the gas inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank 3, the lower part of the support 1 is further provided with a fifth communication pipe 21 and a sixth communication pipe 22, the fifth communication pipe 21 communicates with the raw material pipe 7, and the sixth communication pipe 22 communicates with the reverse discharge pipe 8, the fifth communication pipe 21 communicates with the gas outlet of the vapor-liquid separation buffer tank 2, the tail end of the sixth communication pipe 22 is provided with a gas discharge port 23, the gas outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank 3 is provided with a product gas pipe, and the product gas pipe is provided with an outlet flow detection system.

[0020] The first communication pipe 17 and the third communication pipe 19 are provided with a first connecting pipe 25 in communication with each other, the second communication pipe 18 and the fourth communication pipe 20 are provided with a second connecting pipe 26 in communication with each other, and the first connecting pipe 25 and the second connecting pipe 26 are each provided with a fourth valve 27.

[0021] The pressure equalizing valve 15, the first valve 9, the second valve 10, the third valve 16 and the fourth valve 27 are all program-controlled valves.

[0022] The adsorption tower 4 is provided with an in-tower adsorption filler, and the in-tower adsorption filler is sequentially filled from bottom to top with porcelain balls, aluminum oxide, activated carbon and hydrogen extraction molecular sieve, the porcelain balls can uniformly distribute the raw material gas, the aluminum oxide can adsorb the moisture of the raw material gas in advance, the activated carbon can adsorb the organic pollutants in the raw material gas, and finally the hydrogen extraction molecular sieve adsorbs carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide or nitrogen.

[0023] As Figure 2As shown, in another embodiment, the adsorption tower 4 adopts a double-cylinder long process structure; the double-cylinder long process structure of the adsorption tower 4 includes a cylinder 28, a cavity 29 arranged in the cylinder 28, and an inner cylinder 30 arranged in the cavity 29, the bottom of the cylinder 28 is provided with an air inlet 31 passing through the cavity 29 and communicating with the bottom of the inner cylinder 30, the bottom side wall is provided with an air outlet 32 communicating with the cavity 29, the top of the inner cylinder 30 communicates with the cavity 29 of the cylinder 28, the air inlet 31 communicates with the air inlet pipe 6, the air outlet 32 communicates with the air outlet pipe 5, the adsorption filler in the tower is arranged in the inner cylinder 30, and the double-cylinder long process structure can shorten the height of the adsorption tower 4, so that the device is suitable for more height-limited occasions, and is more easily made into a pry block integrated device.

[0024] In use, the raw gas enters the vapor-liquid separation buffer tank 2 through the feed port, the pretreated gas enters the raw gas pipe 7 through the fifth communication pipeline 21 and finally enters the adsorption tower 4, the gas passes through the filler in the adsorption tower 4 to selectively adsorb some components in the mixed gas by changing the pressure, and separates hydrogen from the mixture; when the pressure in the adsorption tower 4 reaches a certain limit, it needs to be buffered, and the pressure is slowly released, the oxygen adsorbed by the adsorbent is desorbed, so that the adsorbent regains the adsorption capacity, the tail gas after buffering is discharged through the tower bottom reverse discharge pipe 8, and is treated or directly discharged into the atmosphere. In order to release the adsorbed substances in the adsorbent, the pressure of the adsorption tower 4 needs to be reduced to a very low level, after desorption, the adsorption tower 4 needs to be flushed once to remove the residual adsorbent and adsorbed substances in the adsorption tower 4, the flushing is usually carried out using a fluid that does not react with the adsorbent, after flushing, the adsorption tower 4 needs to be regenerated to make the adsorption tower 4 regain the adsorption capacity, regeneration usually includes exposing the adsorbent to appropriate temperature and pressure to completely remove the adsorbed substances in the adsorbent, and the regenerated adsorbent can be converted into adsorption after equalizing pressure and product pressure rising; after regeneration, the adsorption tower 4 returns to the initial working state and is ready for the next adsorption cycle. When the device works, 3 of the 5 adsorption towers 4 are in equal pressure adsorption work, so that the mixed gas passes through 3 times of equal pressure adsorption to enter the hydrogen buffer tank 3 at the rear end, the 5 adsorption towers 4 are used alternately, and the purpose of continuous separation of air to produce hydrogen is achieved.

[0025] The low-energy-consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device has the advantages that the device adopts a 5-tower process, three times of uniform pressure adsorption process are carried out by using five adsorption towers, hydrogen recovery rate is maximally improved, and hydrogen effective recovery rate can reach more than 90%. Compared with a traditional process, 10% raw material gas is saved for the loss of raw material mixed gas, the double-cylinder long-flow structure of the adsorption tower shortens the height of the adsorption tower, gas passes through the adsorption tower bed layer for a longer time, hydrogen purity is higher, and once a valve has a problem, the 4-tower process can be switched immediately, so that economic loss caused by equipment failure is reduced.

[0026] The above-described and above-embodied examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limit the same; although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device, comprising a support and a vapor-liquid separation buffer tank arranged on the support, a parallelly arranged adsorption tower group and a hydrogen buffer tank, characterized in that, The adsorption tower group comprises five adsorption towers arranged in parallel, each of which is provided with a gas outlet pipe at the top and a gas inlet pipe at the bottom, the gas inlet pipe is provided with a raw material pipe and a reverse discharge pipe, the raw material pipe is provided with a first valve, the reverse discharge pipe is provided with a second valve, the gas outlet pipe is provided in parallel with a first pressure reduction pipe, a second pressure reduction pipe, a third pressure reduction pipe and a first gas pipe, each of the first pressure reduction pipe, the second pressure reduction pipe and the third pressure reduction pipe is provided with a pressure equalizing valve, the first gas pipe is provided with a third valve, the bracket is further provided with a first communication pipeline, a second communication pipeline, a third communication pipeline and a fourth communication pipeline, the first communication pipeline communicates with the first pressure reduction pipe, the second communication pipeline communicates with the second pressure reduction pipe, the third communication pipeline communicates with the third pressure reduction pipe, and the fourth communication pipeline communicates with the first gas pipe, the tail end of the fourth communication pipeline communicates with the hydrogen buffer tank gas inlet, the bracket is further provided with a fifth communication pipeline and a sixth communication pipeline at the lower part, the fifth communication pipeline communicates with the raw material pipe, and the sixth communication pipeline communicates with the reverse discharge pipe, the fifth communication pipeline communicates with the gas-liquid separation buffer tank gas outlet, the tail end of the sixth communication pipeline is provided with a gas discharge port, the hydrogen buffer tank gas outlet is provided with a product gas pipe, and the product gas pipe is provided with an outlet flow detection system.

2. The low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device of claim 1, wherein: The first communication pipeline and the third communication pipeline are provided with a first connecting pipe in communication with each other, and the second communication pipeline and the fourth communication pipeline are provided with a second connecting pipe in communication with each other, and each of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe is provided with a fourth valve.

3. The low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device of claim 2, wherein: The pressure equalizing valve, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve are all program-controlled valves.

4. The low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device of claim 3, wherein: The adsorption tower is provided with an adsorption filler in the tower.

5. The low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device of claim 4, wherein: The adsorption filler in the tower comprises, in order from bottom to top, porcelain balls, aluminum oxide, activated carbon and hydrogen extraction molecular sieve.

6. The low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device of claim 1, wherein: The adsorption tower adopts a double-cylinder long-flow structure.

7. The low energy consumption pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction device of claim 6, wherein: The adsorption tower with the double-cylinder long-flow structure comprises a cylinder body, a cavity arranged in the cylinder body and an inner cylinder arranged in the cavity, the bottom of the cylinder body is provided with a gas inlet port penetrating through the cavity and communicating with the bottom of the inner cylinder, the side wall of the bottom is provided with a gas outlet port communicating with the cavity, the top of the inner cylinder communicates with the cavity of the cylinder body, the gas inlet port communicates with the gas inlet pipe, and the gas outlet port communicates with the gas outlet pipe.

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