Device for calibrating depth of hole in perforation section of oil and gas well

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil and gas well perforation section hole depth calibration device which comprises a photoelectric composite cable, an underground pulse unit and a ground photoelectric control unit, and the two ends of the photoelectric composite cable are connected with the underground pulse unit and the ground photoelectric control unit respectively. The photoelectric composite cable is used for supplying power to the underground pulse unit and measuring vibration and temperature; the underground pulse unit is used for emitting pulse shock waves; the ground photoelectric control unit is used for controlling the underground pulse unit to emit pulse shock waves and receiving and processing vibration signals and temperature signals. The optical fiber is not interfered by external electromagnetic interference, the measurement precision is high, various measurement parameters are mutually verified, the accuracy and reliability of test data are ensured, and the service life of the device is long; the perforation section is deep and is completed with other operation measures at one time, so that the operation links are reduced, and the operation cost is reduced; the optical fiber is used for measuring vibration and temperature, the output profile of the well can be monitored in real time after other operation measures are finished, and the measure effect is rapidly evaluated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to downhole positioning tool technical field, concretely relates to a device of oil and gas well school defines the depth of perforation section hole. BACKGROUND

[0002] Petroleum, natural gas is generally produced in the underground reservoir, through a series of engineering means such as drilling, fracturing, the petroleum, natural gas in the reservoir flows to the wellbore from the casing perforation hole, reaches the ground through measures such as self-blowing or artificial lifting.

[0003] In the oil and gas field development process, accurately obtaining the perforation hole position and depth of the oil and gas well is the operation basis of a series of stimulation, repair and other measures in the later period. Every oil and gas well will form a logging depth data through logging instrument when completing the well, because the stretching amount of the cable is different, so the corresponding perforation section position and depth under this cable need to be corrected every time.

[0004] In the prior art, the magnetic positioning or gamma positioning method is usually used to correct the perforation hole depth, and special equipment such as magnetic positioning nipple and gamma nipple is needed for magnetic positioning or gamma positioning, and the depth correction operation is completed by the logging truck. But this correction method is easy to be affected by external electromagnetic interference, and the measurement accuracy needs to be improved. The separate measurement method has high operation cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a correction device or method which is not easy to be affected by external electromagnetic interference, has high measurement accuracy, has few operation links and low operation cost to solve this problem. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] Therefore, the utility model provides a device of oil and gas well school defines the depth of perforation section hole to solve or alleviate one or more of the above problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] The utility model discloses a device of oil and gas well school defines the depth of perforation section hole, including photoelectric composite cable, downhole pulse unit and ground photoelectric control unit, both ends of photoelectric composite cable are connected downhole pulse unit and ground photoelectric control unit respectively, photoelectric composite cable includes copper conductor, single mode optical fiber and multimode optical fiber, copper conductor is used for power supply for downhole pulse unit, single mode optical fiber is used for measuring vibration and transmits vibration signal to ground photoelectric control unit, multimode optical fiber is used for measuring temperature and transmits temperature signal to ground photoelectric control unit, downhole pulse unit is used for sending pulse shock wave, ground photoelectric control unit is used for controlling downhole pulse unit sends pulse shock wave, accepts and handles vibration signal, temperature signal.

[0008] Further, the photoelectric composite cable includes 5 copper conductors, 1 single mode optical fiber and 1 multimode optical fiber.

[0009] Further, the fiber is provided with a scale.

[0010] Further, the downhole pulse unit is equivalent to the mass of the logging downhole tool string.

[0011] The utility model discloses a kind of methods for calibrating shot hole depth of oil and gas well, which uses the device for calibrating shot hole depth of oil and gas well provided in the first aspect of the utility model, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Obtain original hole depth value H1;

[0013] Lower downhole pulse unit using winch, pay attention to the length value H2 of winch release photoelectric composite cable, stop lowering downhole pulse unit when H2 is greater than H1;

[0014] Under the control of ground photoelectric control unit, downhole pulse unit releases pulse shock wave, and pulse shock wave is reflected after meeting casing wall and hole eye;

[0015] Single-mode fiber receives reflected wave to form vibration signal and transfer to ground photoelectric control unit;Meanwhile, temperature signal measured by multimode fiber is transferred to ground photoelectric control unit;

[0016] Ground photoelectric control unit determines scale value H3 in fiber corresponding to reflected wave of hole eye through amplitude of vibration signal;

[0017] Calculate the difference ΔH between hole eye and H3;

[0018] Calculate calibrated hole depth H=H3+ΔH.

[0019] Further, when lowering downhole pulse unit using winch, read zero of winch when pulse unit is at wellhead.

[0020] Further, the energy of reflected wave formed by pulse shock wave at casing wall is higher than that of reflected wave formed by pulse shock wave at hole eye;The amplitude of reflected wave corresponding to casing wall in vibration signal is greater than that of reflected wave corresponding to hole eye, and the scale corresponding to the weakest amplitude in vibration signal is H3.

[0021] Further, ΔH=H2-H1, H=H+H2-H1.

[0022] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] According to the original logging depth data, the downhole pulse unit is lowered into the well through the photoelectric composite cable, a pulse shock wave is emitted by the downhole pulse unit at a position beyond the depth of the perforation hole, the pulse shock wave is reflected after meeting the casing around the perforation hole, the single-mode optical fiber in the photoelectric composite cable receives the vibration caused by the reflected wave, when the incident wave of the pulse shock wave reaches the position of the perforation hole, part of the vibration will be incident into the formation from the hole, the area of the perforation hole will not cause reflection or the reflected wave is little, so that there is a significant difference between the reflected wave of the perforation hole position and the reflected wave of other casing reflection areas when the single-mode optical fiber receives the vibration, the perforation area of the well can be effectively determined through the difference, and the position and depth of the corresponding perforation section of the optical fiber composite can be corrected through calculation by combining the original logging data and the fiber vibration depth.

[0024] The foregoing summary is provided only for the purposes of summarizing the disclosure and is not intended to limit the application in any way. Additional or other aspects and / or embodiments of the application can be apparent from the following detailed description of the application and from the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative labor.

[0026] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present application, so they do not have technical substantive significance. Any modification of structure, change of proportion relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0027] Figure 1 A structure and use schematic diagram of a device for calibrating the perforation hole depth of the perforation section of an oil and gas well are provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2The amplitude curve diagram of the single-mode optical fiber vibration measurement in the device for calibrating the hole depth of the perforation section of the oil and gas well provided by the utility model provides an amplitude curve diagram of the single-mode optical fiber vibration measurement in the device for calibrating the hole depth of the perforation section of the oil and gas well provided by the utility model in the use process.

[0029] Figure 3 The auxiliary calculation diagram when the device for calibrating the hole depth of the perforation section of the oil and gas well provided by the utility model is used to check the hole depth.

[0030] In the figure: 1, casing; 2, photoelectric composite cable; 3, perforation hole; 4, downhole pulse unit; 5, reflected wave; 51, hole reflected wave; 52, pipe wall reflected wave; 6, incident wave; 7, ground photoelectric control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are simply described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and the description are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than limiting.

[0032] The present application provides a device and method for calibrating the hole depth of the perforation section of the oil and gas well, which realizes the positioning of the perforation section in the well by adopting the fiber vibration measurement (das) technology.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1 Embodiment 1 provides a device for calibrating the hole depth of the perforation section of the oil and gas well, which comprises a photoelectric composite cable 2, a downhole pulse unit 4 and a ground photoelectric control unit 7, both ends of the photoelectric composite cable 2 are connected with the downhole pulse unit 4 and the ground photoelectric control unit 7 respectively; the photoelectric composite cable 2 comprises copper wires, a single-mode optical fiber and a multi-mode optical fiber, the copper wires are used for supplying power for the downhole pulse unit 4, the single-mode optical fiber is used for measuring vibration and transmitting the vibration signal to the ground photoelectric control unit 7, and the multi-mode optical fiber is used for measuring temperature and transmitting the temperature signal to the ground photoelectric control unit 7; the downhole pulse unit 4 is used for emitting a pulse shock wave; and the ground photoelectric control unit 7 is used for controlling the downhole pulse unit 4 to emit the pulse shock wave, receiving and processing the vibration signal and the temperature signal. Wherein, the photoelectric composite cable 2 comprises 5 copper wires, 1 single-mode optical fiber and 1 multi-mode optical fiber. Wherein, a scale is arranged in the optical fiber. Wherein, the quality of the downhole pulse unit 4 is equivalent to that of the logging downhole tool string.

[0034] Embodiment 2 provides a method for calibrating the hole depth of the perforation section of the oil and gas well, which adopts the device in embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step S1, obtaining an original hole depth value H1. Wherein, the original hole depth H1 can be measured during logging or can be measured during the last operation (such as water jet fracturing).

[0036] Step S2: Lower the downhole pulse unit 4 using a winch. Monitor the length H2 of the released photoelectric composite cable 2. When H2 is greater than H1, stop lowering the downhole pulse unit 4. Since perforation sections are often hundreds to thousands of meters underground, H1 is very large; H2 only needs to be 0.2-2 meters longer than H1. Generally, the entire device is mounted on a logging truck, with the winch serving as a component. The photoelectric composite cable 2 is wound around the winch's winding mechanism. The surface photoelectric control unit 7 can be a controller or processor. The photoelectric composite cable 2 is heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and has a certain pressure resistance. It serves as the steel wire or cable for lowering the downhole pulse unit 4, with one end connected to the surface photoelectric control unit 7 and the other end connected to the downhole pulse unit 4. The downhole pulse unit 4 is essentially a device that releases pulse shock waves underground, possessing heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, waterproof, and oil-proof properties. When lowering the downhole pulse unit 4 using a winch, the winch reading returns to zero when the pulse unit is at the wellhead.

[0037] In step S3, under the control of the ground photoelectric control unit 7, the downhole pulse unit 4 releases a pulsed shock wave. The pulsed shock wave is reflected after encountering the casing 1 wall and the orifice. The pulsed shock wave that strikes the casing 1 wall and the orifice is called the incident wave 6. After being emitted from the casing 1 wall and the orifice, the incident wave 6 is directed towards the single-mode optical fiber and is called the reflected wave 5. The single-mode optical fiber captures the reflected wave 5 for vibration measurement. As shown in the figure, the reflected wave 5 from the casing 1 wall causes a relatively large amplitude in the single-mode optical fiber. At the orifice, a portion of the incident wave 6 enters the reservoir, and the energy of the reflected wave 5 is relatively small, resulting in a smaller amplitude.

[0038] In step S4, the single-mode optical fiber receives the reflected wave 5 and forms a vibration signal, which is then transmitted to the ground photoelectric control unit 7; at the same time, the temperature signal measured by the multimode optical fiber is transmitted to the ground photoelectric control unit 7.

[0039] In step S5, the ground-based photoelectric control unit 7 determines the scale value H3 within the optical fiber corresponding to the reflected wave 5 at the aperture by analyzing the amplitude of the vibration signal. The energy of the reflected wave 5 formed by the pulsed shock wave at the wall of sleeve 1 is higher than that of the reflected wave 5 formed by the pulsed shock wave at the aperture. In the vibration signal, the amplitude of the reflected wave 5 corresponding to the wall of sleeve 1 is greater than the amplitude of the reflected wave 5 corresponding to the aperture. The scale value corresponding to the weakest amplitude in the vibration signal is taken as H3. When determining the reflected wave 5 at the aperture, reference can be made to... Figure 2 The amplitude curve shown corresponds to the position of the reflected wave 5 of the aperture, that is, the amplitude of the reflected wave 51 of the aperture is significantly smaller than that of the reflected wave 52 of the pipe wall.

[0040] Step S6: Calculate the difference ΔH between the hole and H3, where ΔH = H2 - H1. Figure 3 As shown, the incident angle ∠CAD = the reflection angle ∠BAD, so CD = BD, where CD = H2 - H1, BD = △H, so △H = H2 - H1.

[0041] Step S7, calculate the hole depth H = H3 + △H after checking, H = H + H2 - H1.

[0042] The ground photoelectric control unit 7 mainly controls the downhole pulse unit 4 to emit a pulse shock wave, and simultaneously sends and receives a light signal; the ground photoelectric control unit 7 is connected with the downhole pulse unit 4 through the photoelectric composite cable 2, the weight of the downhole pulse unit 4 is roughly equivalent to the weight of the logging downhole tool string, there are two optical fibers (one single-mode optical fiber and one multi-mode optical fiber) and five copper cables in the photoelectric composite cable 2, the single-mode optical fiber is used for fiber vibration measurement, the multi-mode optical fiber is used for fiber temperature measurement, and the copper cables are used for supplying high-voltage electricity to the downhole pulse unit 4. The photoelectric composite cable 2 is lowered into the well according to the original logging depth data, and is located at a position about 1 meter above the logging perforation depth (estimated according to the cable stretching amount and the well depth data); the ground photoelectric control unit 7 sends a command, high-voltage electricity is applied to both ends of the downhole pulse unit 4 through the photoelectric composite cable 2, the downhole pulse unit 4 emits a pulse shock wave, the pulse shock wave forms an incident wave 6 and a reflected wave 5 after encountering the casing 1 around the perforation hole 3, and the single-mode optical fiber in the photoelectric composite cable 2 receives the vibration caused by the reflected wave 5; when the pulse shock wave reaches the position of the perforation hole 3, most of the vibration caused by the pulse shock wave is incident into the formation, and no reflection or little reflected wave 5 is caused in the area of the perforation hole 3, so there is a significant difference between the reflected wave 5 characteristics of the perforation hole 3 position and other casing 1 reflection areas when the optical fiber receives the vibration, and the perforation section area of the well can be effectively determined through the difference; at the same time, part of the perforation holes 3 cause the temperature near the holes to be different from other positions due to water and gas emission, and the other multi-mode optical fiber collects the temperature change curve in the static state, so that the position and depth of the corresponding perforation section of the fiber composite are corrected through calculation by combining the original logging depth, the fiber vibration depth and the temperature characteristics.

[0043] The embodiment provided has the following advantages:

[0044] 1. The fiber is not affected by external electromagnetic interference, the measurement accuracy is high, various measurement parameters are mutually verified, the test data is accurate and reliable, and the service life of the device is long;

[0045] 2. The perforation section is deep, and other operation measures are completed at one time, reducing operation links and operation cost;

[0046] 3. The fiber vibration and temperature measurement can be used to monitor the production profile of the well in real time after the completion of other operation measures, and the measure effect is quickly evaluated.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0049] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or communication; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "above" or "below" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0051] The foregoing disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for carrying out different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described above. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for calibrating the perforation depth of an oil and gas well, characterized in that, The application relates to a photoelectric composite cable, a downhole pulse unit and a ground photoelectric control unit, two ends of the photoelectric composite cable being connected with the downhole pulse unit and the ground photoelectric control unit respectively; the photoelectric composite cable comprises copper wires, a single-mode optical fiber and a multi-mode optical fiber, the copper wires are used for supplying power for the downhole pulse unit, the single-mode optical fiber is used for measuring vibration and transmitting a vibration signal to the ground photoelectric control unit, and the multi-mode optical fiber is used for measuring temperature and transmitting a temperature signal to the ground photoelectric control unit, wherein a scale is arranged in the optical fiber; the downhole pulse unit is used for emitting a pulse shock wave, and the downhole pulse unit has a mass equivalent to that of a logging downhole tool string; the ground photoelectric control unit is used for controlling the downhole pulse unit to emit a pulse shock wave, receiving and processing the vibration signal and the temperature signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The photoelectric composite cable comprises five copper wires, one single-mode optical fiber and one multi-mode optical fiber.

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