Magnetorheological fluid intelligent self-adaptive shock absorber

Abstract

The utility model discloses a magnetorheological fluid intelligent self-adaptive shock absorber which comprises a shock absorber body, the shock absorber body comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston is arranged in the cylinder barrel, the piston is provided with a spiral flow channel and embedded with an electromagnetic coil, and the shock absorber body is provided with a current driver used for adjusting the current of the electromagnetic coil. An energy recovery device is arranged outside the shock absorber body and comprises a permanent magnet fixed outside the cylinder barrel. The shock absorber body is further provided with a sensor used for collecting the states of the piston and the cylinder barrel, the sensor and the current driver are electrically connected with a control module, and the control module receives information of the sensor and then transmits the information to the current driver so as to adjust the current of the electromagnetic coil. The damping force can be intelligently adjusted according to the vibration working condition, energy can be recycled, the damping device has wide application prospects in multiple fields, and the cooling effect of the damping device is improved to a certain degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of shock absorber technology, specifically relating to a magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive shock absorber. Background Technology

[0002] Vibration problems are prevalent in numerous industrial, transportation, and construction sectors, negatively impacting equipment stability, accuracy, lifespan, and operator comfort. Traditional vibration dampers are often single-function, only effective against specific vibration frequencies or conditions, resulting in poor adaptability. Furthermore, their damping performance is difficult to adjust and upgrade to meet diverse application needs, leading to high maintenance and replacement costs. In addition, with increasing emphasis on energy efficiency, traditional vibration dampers cannot effectively recover and utilize vibration energy, resulting in energy waste. Moreover, their cooling effect is generally poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-functional modular vibration damper that overcomes these shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper that can intelligently adjust the damping force according to vibration conditions and recover energy. It has broad application prospects in multiple fields and also improves the cooling effect to a certain extent.

[0004] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper includes a vibration damper body, the vibration damper body includes a cylinder, a piston is disposed inside the cylinder, the piston is provided with a spiral flow channel and an electromagnetic coil is embedded therein, and a current driver for adjusting the current of the electromagnetic coil is disposed on the vibration damper body.

[0006] An energy recovery device is provided on the outside of the shock absorber body, and the energy recovery device includes a permanent magnet fixed on the outside of the cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the shock absorber body is also equipped with a sensor for collecting the state of the piston and cylinder. The sensor and the current driver are electrically connected to the control module. After receiving the information from the sensor, the control module transmits it to the current driver to adjust the current of the electromagnetic coil.

[0008] Furthermore, the sensor includes an integrated acceleration sensor, displacement sensor, pressure sensor, strain sensor, and multi-sensor fusion unit.

[0009] Furthermore, a heat dissipation mechanism is provided outside the cylinder barrel. The heat dissipation mechanism is a heat dissipation sleeve provided outside the cylinder barrel. The heat dissipation sleeve includes a heat dissipation inner shell and a heat dissipation outer shell. A cooling channel is formed between the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell and the inner wall of the heat dissipation outer shell. A water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the cooling channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling channel is formed by a cooling buffer plate and a cooling groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the cooling buffer plate is spirally arranged from top to bottom on the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell, and the cooling groove is spirally arranged from top to bottom on the inner wall of the heat dissipation outer shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the cooling buffer plate is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the heat dissipation shell from top to bottom, and the cooling groove is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell from top to bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the cylinder has a cylindrical cavity inside and sealed end caps at both ends. The piston rod connected to the piston head extends to the outside of the cylinder, and a composite guide is installed at the end of the piston head 3 near the piston rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the composite guide and the inner wall of the cylinder, and the lip of the sealing ring is provided with a groove filled with sealing grease.

[0015] Furthermore, an air bladder is provided at the bottom of the end of the cylinder cavity away from the piston rod, and the air bladder and the piston form a cavity for placing the magnetorheological fluid system.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] (1) This utility model generates the optimal control strategy based on sensor data, thereby controlling the current driver to adjust the electromagnetic coil current; the current driver adopts a high-precision constant current source circuit, which can work stably in a wide voltage range, with an output current accuracy of 0.01A and a response speed of microseconds.

[0018] (2) This utility model has an electromagnetic induction energy recovery device, including a high-performance permanent magnet fixed outside the cylinder and an induction coil connected to the piston. It can automatically adjust the power generation according to the piston movement speed and the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid. It uses lithium-ion batteries to store electrical energy and can convert excess electrical energy into AC power to feed back to the external power grid or power peripheral equipment.

[0019] (3) The heat dissipation device of this utility model adopts a liquid cooling heat dissipation system. A heat dissipation sleeve is provided on the outside of the cylinder. The heat dissipation sleeve is made of copper material and the coolant is a special heat dissipation coolant. An inlet and an outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the heat dissipation sleeve. The coolant enters the heat dissipation sleeve through the inlet and flows through the cooling buffer plate, cooling groove and cooling channel to divide the overall water flow into 3 streams, prolonging the water flow time and increasing the heat exchange efficiency with the cylinder, so that the cooling effect of the cylinder is better. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration damper body of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism of this utility model;

[0023] Figure descriptions: 1. Shock absorber body; 2. Cylinder; 3. Piston; 4. Electromagnetic coil; 5. Cooling water pipe; 6. Heat sink sleeve; 601. Heat sink inner shell; 602. Heat sink outer shell; 7. Cooling channel; 8. Sealing end cap; 9. Composite guide; 10. Composite guide; 11. Airbag; 12. Magnetorheological fluid system; 13. Piston rod; 14. Control module. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0025] A magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper includes a damper body 1, wherein the damper body 1 includes a cylinder 2, wherein the cylinder 2 is made of a high-strength, lightweight composite material, and the composite material of the cylinder 2 can be a carbon fiber reinforced composite material. The manufacturing process involves winding carbon fiber prepreg onto a mold at a specific winding angle and number of layers, followed by curing, machining, polishing, wear-resistant coating treatment, and sealing treatment.

[0026] The shock absorber body 1 is provided with a current driver for adjusting the current of the electromagnetic coil; the shock absorber body 1 is also provided with a sensor for collecting the state of the piston and cylinder. The sensor and the current driver are electrically connected to the control module 14. After receiving the information from the sensor, the control module 14 transmits it to the current driver to adjust the current of the electromagnetic coil.

[0027] The sensor includes a multi-sensor fusion unit, integrating an accelerometer, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, and a strain sensor. Their measurement ranges and accuracies are as follows: accelerometer measurement range ±100 m / s², accuracy 0.05 m / s²; displacement sensor measurement accuracy 0.01 mm; pressure sensor measurement range 0 - 10 MPa, accuracy 0.01 MPa; strain sensor is used to measure strain in key parts of the cylinder and piston. The control module 14 includes a central processing unit (CPU), which uses a high-performance digital signal processor (DSP) chip and runs a pre-trained and optimized intelligent control algorithm based on artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to generate the optimal control strategy based on sensor data. The multi-sensor fusion unit is connected to a high-speed data acquisition card via a shielded cable. The CPU is electrically connected to the data acquisition card, current driver, and power supply. The intelligent control algorithm program is burned into the CPU and has been debugged and optimized.

[0028] The current driver uses a high-precision constant current source circuit, which can operate stably over a wide voltage range, with an output current accuracy of 0.01A and a response speed at the microsecond level. It is used to adjust the current of the electromagnetic coil. The power supply uses a rechargeable lithium battery pack as the main power source and is equipped with a supercapacitor as an auxiliary power source. The power management system has overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit protection and power monitoring functions.

[0029] An energy recovery device is installed outside the damper body 1. The energy recovery device includes a high-performance permanent magnet fixed outside the cylinder and an electromagnetic coil connected to the piston. It can automatically adjust the power generation according to the piston movement speed and the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid. The energy recovery efficiency is improved by optimizing the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet and the number of turns and wire diameter of the electromagnetic coil.

[0030] The energy storage and management unit uses lithium-ion batteries to store electrical energy and includes a battery management system (BMS). The BMS monitors and manages the battery charge, voltage, current and temperature in real time, and has a battery balancing function that can convert excess electrical energy into AC power to feed back to the external power grid or power peripheral equipment.

[0031] A heat dissipation mechanism is also provided outside the cylinder 2. The heat dissipation mechanism is a heat dissipation sleeve 6 disposed outside the cylinder. The heat dissipation sleeve 6 includes a heat dissipation inner shell 601 and a heat dissipation outer shell 602. A cooling channel 7 is formed between the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell 601 and the inner wall of the heat dissipation outer shell 602. The cooling channel 7 is formed by a cooling buffer plate and a cooling groove. The cooling buffer plate and the cooling groove can be arranged alternately or correspondingly. The cooling buffer plate is spirally disposed from top to bottom on the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell 601, and the cooling groove is spirally disposed from top to bottom on the inner wall of the heat dissipation outer shell 602. Alternatively, the cooling buffer plate is spirally disposed from top to bottom on the inner wall of the heat dissipation outer shell 602, and the cooling groove is spirally disposed from top to bottom on the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell 601.

[0032] The heat sink 6 is made of copper and uses a special heat dissipation coolant. There are inlets and outlets at both ends of the heat sink. The coolant enters the heat sink through the inlet and flows through the cooling buffer plate, cooling groove and cooling channel 7 to divide the water flow into 3 streams, which prolongs the water flow time and increases the heat exchange efficiency with the cylinder, resulting in better cooling effect of the cylinder.

[0033] The cooling mechanism can also be a cooling water pipe that surrounds the outside of the cylinder. The cooling water pipe is made of copper and has temperature sensors at the inlet and outlet, which can automatically adjust the coolant flow rate or start the auxiliary cooling fan.

[0034] The cylinder 2 has a cylindrical cavity inside, with sealed end caps 8 at both ends, employing a double-sealing structure to prevent leakage of the magnetorheological fluid. The piston 3, located inside the cylinder 2, is made of a special magnetic alloy material, has a spiral flow channel, and is embedded with an electromagnetic coil 4. The electromagnetic coil 4 can generate a continuously adjustable high-intensity magnetic field around the piston through current control. The electromagnetic coil 4 is wound with ultra-fine, high-temperature resistant, and high-conductivity copper wire, with the number of turns and wire diameter precisely calculated and designed according to the required magnetic field strength and power.

[0035] The piston rod 13 connected to the piston head extends to the outside of the cylinder 2, and a composite guide 9 is installed at the end of the piston head 3 near the piston rod. A sealing ring 10 is provided between the composite guide 9 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2, and the lip of the sealing ring 10 has a groove filled with sealing grease. The sealing ring 10 maintains close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder during the reciprocating motion of the piston, effectively preventing leakage of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0036] An air bladder 11 is located at the bottom of the end of the cylinder 2, away from the piston rod 13. The air bladder 11 and the piston 3 form a cavity for housing the magnetorheological fluid system 12. The magnetorheological fluid system consists of nano-sized carbonyl iron powder as magnetic particles, a specially formulated synthetic ester oil as the base fluid, and additives such as antioxidants, dispersants, and anti-settling agents. The antioxidants in the magnetorheological fluid system prevent performance degradation due to oxidation, the dispersants ensure uniform dispersion of magnetic particles in the base fluid, and the anti-settling agents inhibit the sedimentation of magnetic particles, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the magnetorheological fluid under static or low-speed flow conditions. This magnetorheological fluid exhibits low-viscosity Newtonian fluid characteristics in the absence of a magnetic field, and under the influence of a magnetic field, its viscosity increases rapidly within milliseconds, generating a strong and reversible damping force.

[0037] Overall working process of this utility model:

[0038] (a) Component manufacturing and assembly

[0039] 1. Cylinder Manufacturing: The cylinder is manufactured using advanced composite material winding molding technology. First, a mold for the cylinder is made according to the design requirements. After applying a release agent to the mold surface, carbon fiber prepreg is evenly wound onto the mold at a specific winding angle and number of layers. Then, it is placed in a high-temperature curing oven for curing, allowing the carbon fiber to fully bond with the resin matrix, forming a high-strength cylinder structure. After curing, the inner wall of the cylinder is machined and polished to achieve the required smoothness and dimensional accuracy. Finally, a wear-resistant coating is sprayed onto the inner wall of the cylinder, and a sealing treatment is performed.

[0040] 2. Piston Assembly Manufacturing: The piston is manufactured using precision casting technology. A suitable magnetic alloy material is selected, melted, and poured into a pre-made piston mold. After cooling, demolding, cleaning, and machining, a piston blank with precise dimensions and good surface quality is obtained. Then, grooves for embedding an electromagnetic coil are machined inside the piston. The wound electromagnetic coil is carefully embedded into the grooves and encapsulated and fixed using high-temperature resistant insulating material to ensure insulation between the electromagnetic coil and the piston. Finally, a spiral flow channel is machined on the piston surface and polished to reduce flow resistance within the channel.

[0041] 3. Magnetorheological fluid preparation: Nano-sized carbonyl iron powder, synthetic ester oil, antioxidants, dispersants, and anti-settling agents are added to a high-speed mixer in a specific ratio. The mixture is thoroughly stirred and mixed under vacuum to ensure the magnetic particles are uniformly dispersed in the base fluid, forming a stable magnetorheological fluid. After preparation, the magnetorheological fluid undergoes performance testing, including viscosity characteristics, magnetorheological effect, and sedimentation stability, to ensure its performance meets design requirements.

[0042] 4. Intelligent Control System Integration: Accelerometers, displacement sensors, pressure sensors, and strain sensors are installed at corresponding positions on the cylinder and piston, and connected to a high-speed data acquisition card via shielded cables. The central processing unit (DSP chip) is installed in the vibration damper's control box and electrically connected to the data acquisition card, current driver, and power supply. The pre-trained intelligent control algorithm program is burned into the DSP, and debugged and optimized to ensure correct algorithm operation and accurate control signal output based on sensor data.

[0043] 5. Energy Recovery and Storage System Assembly: The permanent magnet of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is fixedly installed at a predetermined position outside the cylinder. The electromagnetic coil is reliably connected to the piston to ensure that the electromagnetic coil can stably cut magnetic field lines relative to the permanent magnet when the piston moves. The rectifier, voltage regulator, filter, and battery management system (BMS) and other energy processing circuits are connected and debugged with the energy storage battery to ensure that the recovered electrical energy can be successfully stored and managed.

[0044] 6. Cooling and Sealing System Installation: A cooling mechanism is installed around the outside of the cylinder to improve heat dissipation efficiency. Temperature sensors are installed at the inlet and outlet of the cooling jacket and connected to the control system to achieve real-time monitoring and control of the coolant temperature. Seals are installed at the mating points of the piston and cylinder, and the lips of the seals are filled with sealing grease. The piston assembly is then carefully installed into the cylinder, ensuring smooth reciprocating motion without leakage.

[0045] (II) Debugging and Optimization

[0046] 1. Performance Testing Platform Setup: A dedicated vibration performance testing platform is built, capable of simulating various vibration conditions, such as sinusoidal vibrations and random vibrations with different frequencies, amplitudes, and impact forces. The assembled magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper is installed on the testing platform, and various testing instruments and equipment, such as laser displacement gauges, accelerometers, force sensors, data acquisition instruments, and oscilloscopes, are connected to measure the vibration damper's vibration response, damping force changes, energy recovery, and other performance parameters under different operating conditions.

[0047] 2. Preliminary Commissioning: On the test platform, static commissioning of the vibration damper is first performed to check the correct installation of each component, the reliability of electrical connections, the normal operation of sensors, and whether the resistance and inductance of the electromagnetic coil meet design requirements. Then, dynamic commissioning is conducted, observing the vibration damper's operation at different vibration frequencies and amplitudes, checking the smoothness of the magnetorheological fluid flow, whether the damping force changes as expected, and whether the energy recovery device can generate electricity normally. Through preliminary commissioning, some basic problems and faults are identified and resolved.

[0048] 3. Intelligent Control Algorithm Optimization: Based on initial debugging, a large amount of vibration test data was collected using the test platform, including sensor data and vibration damper performance parameters under different operating conditions. This data was input into the intelligent control algorithm for further training and optimization. The parameters and model structure within the algorithm were adjusted to improve its ability to identify different vibration conditions and its control accuracy. For example, the relationship model between vibration frequency and electromagnetic coil current in the algorithm was optimized based on actual test data. This allows the algorithm to more accurately calculate the required magnetic field strength and electromagnetic coil current value based on the vibration frequency, thereby achieving more precise damping force control.

[0049] 4. Overall Performance Optimization: While optimizing the intelligent control algorithm, the overall performance of other components and systems of the vibration damper is also optimized. For example, based on energy recovery test data, the parameters of the electromagnetic induction power generation component, such as the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet and the number of turns of the induction coil, are adjusted to improve energy recovery efficiency; based on heat dissipation test data, the layout of the cooling water pipes and the flow rate of the coolant are optimized to improve heat dissipation; based on sealing performance test data, the materials and structure of the seals are improved to further enhance sealing performance. Through continuous testing, analysis, and optimization, the various performance indicators of the magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper are brought to their optimal state to meet the needs of practical applications.

[0050] It should be noted that although the present invention has been described through the above embodiments, there may be other various embodiments of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obviously make various corresponding changes and modifications to the present invention, but all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper, characterized in that: The damper includes a damper body (1), the damper body (1) includes a cylinder (2), a piston (3) is provided inside the cylinder (2), the piston (3) is provided with a spiral flow channel and an electromagnetic coil (4) is embedded in it, and a current driver for adjusting the current of the electromagnetic coil is provided on the damper body (1). An energy recovery device is provided outside the damper body (1), and the energy recovery device includes a permanent magnet fixed outside the cylinder (2).

2. The magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper body (1) is also equipped with a sensor for collecting the state of the piston and cylinder. The sensor and the current driver are electrically connected to the control module (14). After receiving the information from the sensor, the control module (14) transmits it to the current driver to adjust the current of the electromagnetic coil.

3. The magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor includes an integrated acceleration sensor, displacement sensor, pressure sensor, and strain sensor, as well as a multi-sensor fusion unit.

4. The magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat dissipation mechanism is also provided outside the cylinder (2). The heat dissipation mechanism is a heat dissipation sleeve (6) provided outside the cylinder. The heat dissipation sleeve (6) includes a heat dissipation inner shell (601) and a heat dissipation outer shell (602). A cooling channel (7) is formed between the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell (601) and the inner wall of the heat dissipation outer shell (602). A water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the cooling channel (7).

5. The magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling channel (7) consists of a cooling buffer plate and a cooling groove.

6. The magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling buffer plate is spirally arranged from top to bottom on the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell (601), and the cooling groove is spirally arranged from top to bottom on the inner wall of the heat dissipation outer shell (602).

7. The magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling buffer plate is spirally arranged from top to bottom on the inner wall of the heat dissipation shell (602), and the cooling groove is spirally arranged from top to bottom on the outer wall of the heat dissipation inner shell (601).

8. A magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cylinder (2) has a cylindrical cavity inside and sealed end caps (8) at both ends. The piston rod (13) connected to the piston extends to the outside of the cylinder (2). A composite guide (9) is installed on one end of the piston (3) near the piston rod.

9. A magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing ring (10) is provided between the composite guide (9) and the inner wall of the cylinder (2), and the lip of the sealing ring (10) is provided with a groove filled with sealing grease.

10. A magnetorheological fluid intelligent adaptive vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air bladder (11) is provided at the bottom of the end of the cylinder (2) away from the piston rod (13), and a cavity for placing the magnetorheological fluid system (12) is formed between the air bladder (11) and the piston (3).

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