Shock absorption and isolation precast beam
By incorporating energy-dissipating components and elastic connectors into the bridge structure, the precast beams designed for seismic isolation and damping have solved the problems of complex construction and high cost caused by the independent design of damping and isolation devices in existing technologies, thus achieving efficient seismic isolation and damping effects for bridges.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423184039.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-23
AI Technical Summary
In existing bridge structures, damping devices and seismic isolation devices are designed and installed independently, resulting in complex construction, high costs, and a lack of collaborative working mechanisms, which affects the seismic performance.
A seismic isolation precast beam is designed. By setting limiting energy dissipation components and elastic connectors between the piers and the beam body, a seismic isolation precast mechanism is formed. This mechanism enables the limiting energy dissipation components to flexibly deform within the stress range of the elastic connectors and to dissipate energy and reduce vibration when the load is outside the stress range, so that they can work together.
It simplified the construction process, reduced costs, and improved the bridge's seismic performance, achieving a good seismic isolation effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223646921U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to bridge seismic technology field, concretely relates to a kind of shock absorption and isolation prefabricated beam. BACKGROUND
[0002] Bridge is the key node of traffic infrastructure, and its seismic performance is directly related to traffic safety. Under the action of strong earthquake, bridge may occur beam falling, collapse and other serious damage, leading to structural failure and significant loss.
[0003] At present, the seismic of bridge structure mainly relies on damping device and isolation device and other measures, damping device consumes seismic energy by increasing damping, and isolation device prolongs the structure cycle to reduce seismic action. In the prior art, when T beam is designed for shock absorption and isolation, damping device and isolation device are usually designed and installed separately, which improves the seismic performance of bridge to some extent, but also has many problems: first, the independent installation of multiple devices increases the construction complexity and cost;Second, the lack of cooperative working mechanism between devices may lead to poor seismic effect;Third, the maintenance and replacement of multiple independent systems become more difficult and expensive. SUMMARY
[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of shock absorption and isolation prefabricated beam, to solve the technical problem that the damping device and isolation device of the existing bridge structure are arranged independently, resulting in lack of cooperative working mechanism.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a kind of shock absorption and isolation prefabricated beam, including pier, support, beam body and shock absorption and isolation prefabricating mechanism, beam body is supported on pier through support, shock absorption and isolation prefabricating mechanism is arranged between pier and beam body, beam body includes bridge deck, bridge rib plate and bridge transverse partition plate, multiple bridge rib plates are evenly spaced arranged below bridge deck along the transverse direction, bridge transverse partition plate is arranged between adjacent two bridge rib plates, there is a gap between bridge transverse partition plate and the longitudinal outer end surface of bridge deck, bridge rib plate is supported on corresponding support, shock absorption and isolation prefabricating mechanism includes limiting energy dissipation component and elastic connecting piece, limiting energy dissipation component is arranged on the outer side of bridge transverse partition plate and between two bridge rib plates, one end of elastic connecting piece is arranged on limiting energy dissipation component, the other end of elastic connecting piece is arranged outwardly, limiting energy dissipation component is provided with elastic connecting piece between bridge rib plate and bridge transverse partition plate.
[0006] Further, multiple beam bodies are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction, shock absorption and isolation prefabricating mechanism is arranged one by one corresponding to beam body and at the end of beam body, two shock absorption and isolation prefabricating mechanisms adjacent along the longitudinal direction are fixedly connected to form shock absorption and isolation unit body through intermediate connecting mechanism.
[0007] Further, the transverse sides of pier are each provided with shock absorption and isolation unit body.
[0008] Further, the top of the bridge rib plate is connected with the bridge deck plate, the bottom of the bridge rib plate is provided with a support horseshoe, an elastic connecting piece is arranged between the limiting energy dissipation assembly and the adjacent support horseshoe, and an elastic connecting piece is arranged between the limiting energy dissipation assembly and the adjacent bridge cross web plate.
[0009] Further, the bottom of the bridge rib plate on the outer side is provided with a lateral opening slot penetrating in the transverse direction, and a seismic reduction prefabricated mechanism is arranged between the outermost bridge rib plate and the second outermost bridge rib plate.
[0010] Further, the limiting energy dissipation assembly comprises a rigid limiting box body and a honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism, the honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism is accommodated in the rigid limiting box body, the honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism comprises a plurality of composite energy dissipation units connected with each other and a foam filler unit filled in the composite energy dissipation units, and the elastic connecting piece is connected to the side wall surface of the rigid limiting box body.
[0011] Further, the composite energy dissipation unit adopts one of a single-circle composite energy dissipation structure, a multi-circle composite energy dissipation structure and a non-circle composite energy dissipation structure, the single-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding an intermediate core circular pipe in the middle, outer peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon in the periphery and radial connecting steel plates, and the welding space is filled with foam filler to form a foam filler unit; the multi-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding the intermediate core circular pipe in the middle, the outer peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon in the periphery, outer circular pipes between adjacent two outer peripheral connecting steel plates and the radial connecting steel plates, and the welding space is filled with foam filler to form a foam filler unit; and the non-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding the outer peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon and the radial connecting steel plates, and the welding space is filled with foam filler to form a foam filler unit.
[0012] Further, the limiting energy dissipation assembly is detachably arranged on the bridge pier, the top of the bridge pier is pre-buried with a pier top pre-buried connecting piece, the rigid limiting box body is a rectangular box body, and the rigid limiting box body is connected with the pre-buried connecting piece through fastening bolts.
[0013] Further, the rigid limiting box body comprises a box bottom plate, four edge side plates, a box top plate and a box stiffening rib, the bottom of the four edge side plates is fixedly connected with the box bottom plate through the stiffening rib, the top of the four edge side plates is arranged with the box top plate, the honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism is accommodated in the space enclosed by the box bottom plate, the four edge side plates and the box top plate, and the box bottom plate is fixedly connected with the pier top pre-buried connecting piece.
[0014] Further, the elastic connecting piece comprises a connecting side steel plate and a connecting spring, the connecting side steel plate is arranged on the side wall surface of the limiting energy dissipation assembly, the first end of the connecting spring is arranged on the connecting side steel plate, and the second end of the connecting spring extends outward.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the seismic isolation bridge provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] The seismic isolation bridge provided by this utility model includes piers, supports, beams, and a seismic isolation prefabrication mechanism. The beam includes a bridge deck, bridge ribs, and bridge diaphragms. Multiple bridge ribs are evenly spaced laterally below the bridge deck. A bridge diaphragm is arranged between two adjacent bridge ribs, with a gap between the bridge diaphragm and the longitudinal outer end face of the bridge deck. The bridge ribs are supported on corresponding supports. The seismic isolation prefabrication mechanism includes a limiting energy dissipation component and an elastic connector. The limiting energy dissipation component is located on the outside of the bridge diaphragm and between two bridge ribs. One end of the elastic connector is attached to the limiting energy dissipation component, and the other end extends outward, so that the elastic connector and the limiting energy dissipation component form a seismic isolation device. During installation, only the limiting energy dissipation component needs to be installed on the seismic isolation device. The present invention addresses the technical problem of existing bridge structures where vibration damping and isolation devices are arranged independently, resulting in a lack of coordinated working mechanism. Furthermore, in this invention, the elastic connector is positioned on the outside of the bridge diaphragm and between the two bridge ribs. When the elastic connector is under stress within its deformation range, flexible deformation will not cause rigid impact to the elastic connector. When the elastic connector is under stress outside its deformation range, the stress is transferred to the elastic connector, which then absorbs energy and damps vibrations, resulting in good vibration damping and isolation effects. The elastic connector can also be laterally limited by the bridge ribs and longitudinally limited by the bridge diaphragms. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a vibration-damping and isolation bridge according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Exploded structural diagram of a prefabricated seismic isolation and damping mechanism;
[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1A side view of the seismic mitigation and isolation precast mechanism;
[0022] Figure 5 A sectional view at B-B; Figure 4
[0023] Figure 6 A perspective view of the seismic mitigation and isolation bridge in another embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 7 A structural schematic view of the composite energy dissipation unit in one embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 8 A structural schematic view of the composite energy dissipation unit in another embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Figure 9 A structural schematic view of the composite energy dissipation unit in another embodiment of the present application.
[0027] Legend:
[0028] 100, seismic mitigation and isolation precast beam; 10, pier; 20, support; 30, beam body; 31, bridge deck; 32, bridge rib plate; 321, support horseshoe; 322, lateral opening slot; 33, bridge transverse diaphragm; 40, seismic mitigation and isolation precast mechanism; 41, limiting energy dissipation assembly; 411, rigid limiting box body; 412, honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism; 4121, composite energy dissipation unit; 42, elastic connecting piece; 50, intermediate connecting mechanism.
[0029] The purposes, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein merely exemplify the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.
[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.
[0033] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the technical features or implying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor in the protection scope required by the present application.
[0034] Please refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The utility model provides a seismic reduction prefabricated beam 100, including pier 10, support 20, beam body 30 and seismic reduction prefabricated mechanism 40, beam body 30 is supported on pier 10 through support 20, seismic reduction prefabricated mechanism 40 is located between pier 10 and beam body 30, beam body 30 includes deck slab 31, bridge rib plate 32 and bridge transverse partition plate 33, a plurality of bridge rib plate 32 is arranged in the below of deck slab 31 along the lateral even interval, the bridge transverse partition plate 33 is arranged between the two adjacent bridge rib plate 32, the bridge transverse partition plate 33 and the longitudinal outer end surface of deck slab 31 leave the spacing, bridge rib plate 32 is supported on the corresponding support 20, seismic reduction prefabricated mechanism 40 includes limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 and elastic connecting piece 42, limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 is located at the outside of bridge transverse partition plate 33 and is between two bridge rib plate 32, one end of elastic connecting piece 42 is located limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41, the other end of elastic connecting piece 42 extends outwardly and is arranged, limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 and bridge rib plate 32 and bridge transverse partition plate 33 between all be equipped with elastic connecting piece 42.
[0035] The utility model provides a seismic reduction and isolation prefabricated beam 100, including pier 10, support 20, beam body 30 and seismic reduction and isolation prefabricate mechanism 40, beam body 30 includes deck slab 31, bridge rib plate 32 and bridge cross partition 33, a plurality of bridge rib plate 32 is evenly spaced in the below of deck slab 31 along the transverse, the bridge cross partition 33 is arranged between the adjacent two bridge rib plate 32, and the bridge cross partition 33 and the longitudinal outer end surface of deck slab 31 leave the spacing, and the bridge rib plate 32 is supported on the corresponding support 20, by setting up seismic reduction and isolation prefabricate mechanism 40 includes limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 and elastic connecting piece 42, limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 is located at the outside of bridge cross partition 33 and is between two bridge rib plate 32, and one end of elastic connecting piece 42 is located on limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41, and the other end of elastic connecting piece 42 extends outward arrangement, so that elastic connecting piece 42 and limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 form the seismic reduction and isolation device, when installing, limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 is installed in the seismic reduction and isolation position, and at the same time, elastic connecting piece 42 is arranged between limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 and bridge rib plate 32, and elastic connecting piece 42 is arranged between limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 and bridge cross partition 33, and the technical problem that the lack of cooperative working mechanism caused by the independent arrangement of the shock absorber and the shock isolation device of the existing bridge structure is solved, and simultaneously, in the scheme of the utility model, limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 is located at the outside of bridge cross partition 33 and is between two bridge rib plate 32, when the stress of elastic connecting piece 42 is in the deformation range, flexible deformation does not rigidly impact limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41, when the stress of elastic connecting piece 42 is out of the deformation range, the stress is transmitted to limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41, limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 works and consumes energy and reduces the shock, the seismic reduction and isolation effect is good, and limiting energy dissipation subassembly 41 can be limited horizontally through bridge rib plate 32 and limited longitudinally through bridge cross partition 33.
[0036] Understandably, in the utility model, elastic connecting piece 42 can be connecting spring or flexible connecting pad, and optionally, beam body 30 adopts T beam, in a specific embodiment of the utility model, the specific structure of T beam is that five bridge rib plate 32 are arranged at the bottom of deck slab 31, adjacent bridge rib plate 32 are connected through bridge cross partition 33, deck slab 31 is arranged protruding from bridge cross partition 33 along the longitudinal direction, and then installation space for installing seismic reduction and isolation prefabricate mechanism 40 is formed between adjacent bridge rib plate 32 and bridge cross partition 33.
[0037] Further, the plurality of beam bodies 30 are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction, the seismic mitigation and isolation prefabricated mechanism 40 is arranged one by one corresponding to the beam body 30 and is located at the end of the beam body 30, and two seismic mitigation and isolation prefabricated mechanisms 40 adjacent along the longitudinal direction are fixedly connected through the intermediate connecting mechanism 50 to form a seismic mitigation and isolation unit body. It can be understood that the seismic mitigation and isolation unit body of the utility model is used for damping and isolating a group of beam bodies 30 connected with each other. Optionally, a group of seismic mitigation and isolation unit bodies can be arranged in each mounting space, a group of seismic mitigation and isolation unit bodies can be arranged in one of the mounting spaces, or two seismic mitigation and isolation unit bodies can be arranged in any two mounting spaces. Optionally, the intermediate connecting mechanism 50 adopts a longitudinal connecting steel beam, and the longitudinal connecting steel beam is fixedly connected between the two limiting energy dissipation assemblies 41.
[0038] Further, the number of the seismic mitigation and isolation unit bodies is two, and the seismic mitigation and isolation unit bodies are arranged on both sides of the bridge pier 10 in the transverse direction.
[0039] Further, the top of the bridge rib plate 32 is connected with the bridge deck plate 31, the bottom of the bridge rib plate 32 is provided with a support horseshoe 321, the limiting energy dissipation assembly 41 and the closest support horseshoe 321 are provided with an elastic connecting piece 42, and the limiting energy dissipation assembly 41 and the closest bridge transverse partition plate 33 are provided with an elastic connecting piece 42. By arranging the horseshoe structure, the stress performance of the bottom of the bridge rib plate 32 is improved, and the limiting energy dissipation assembly 41 is connected with the support horseshoe 321 through the elastic connecting piece 42, which is beneficial to avoiding damage to the beam body 30 when damping and isolation are performed.
[0040] Please refer to Figure 2 , further, the bottom of the bridge rib plate 32 on the outer side is provided with a lateral opening slot 322 penetrating in the transverse direction, and the seismic mitigation and isolation prefabricated mechanism 40 is arranged between the outermost bridge rib plate 32 and the next outer bridge rib plate 32. In specific implementation, by arranging the lateral opening slot 322, two bridge rib plates 32 assembled with each other along the longitudinal bridge direction are spliced with each other and form an inspection slot, the outermost bridge transverse partition plate 33 at both ends of the beam body 30 is respectively provided with the seismic mitigation and isolation prefabricated mechanism 40, and when the seismic mitigation and isolation prefabricated mechanism 40 needs to be inspected, the inspection slot can be used for operation.
[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , further, the limiting energy dissipation assembly 41 comprises a rigid limiting box body 411 and a honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism 412, the honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism 412 is accommodated in the rigid limiting box body 411, the honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism 412 comprises a plurality of composite energy dissipation units 4121 connected with each other and a foam filler unit filling the plurality of composite energy dissipation units 4121, and the elastic connecting piece 42 is connected to the side wall surface of the rigid limiting box body 411.
[0042] Please refer to Figure 7 ,Figure 8 and Figure 9 Further, the composite energy dissipation unit 4121 adopts one of a single-circle composite energy dissipation structure, a multi-circle composite energy dissipation structure and a circle-free composite energy dissipation structure, the single-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding an intermediate core circular pipe in the middle, peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon in the periphery and radial connecting steel plates, and the surrounding space is filled with foam filler to form a foam filler unit; the multi-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding an intermediate core circular pipe in the middle, peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon in the periphery, external circular pipes between two adjacent peripheral connecting steel plates and radial connecting steel plates, and the surrounding space is filled with foam filler to form a foam filler unit; the circle-free composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon and radial connecting steel plates, and the surrounding space is filled with foam filler to form a foam filler unit. In specific implementation, the longitudinal and lateral stiffnesses of the internal core energy dissipation component can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the structure of the composite energy dissipation unit 4121 and the longitudinal and lateral arrangement numbers, so as to meet different seismic demand scenarios.
[0043] In the utility model, the limiting energy dissipation assembly 41 is a framework-foam filler dense structure, which jointly bears the seismic load transmitted by the bridge superstructure. The seismic performance of the circle-free composite energy dissipation structure, the single-circle composite energy dissipation structure and the multi-circle composite energy dissipation structure increases in turn.
[0044] Further, the limiting energy dissipation assembly 41 is detachably arranged on the pier 10, the top of the pier 10 is pre-buried with a pier top pre-buried connecting piece, the rigid limiting box body 411 is a rectangular box body, and the rigid limiting box body 411 is connected with the pre-buried connecting piece through fastening bolts.
[0045] Further, the rigid limiting box body 411 comprises a box bottom plate, four edge side plates, a box top plate and a box stiffening rib, the bottom of the four edge side plates is fixedly connected with the box bottom plate through the stiffening rib, the top of the four edge side plates is arranged with the box top plate, the cellular energy dissipation mechanism 412 is accommodated in the space enclosed by the box bottom plate, the four edge side plates and the box top plate, and the box bottom plate is fixedly connected with the pier top pre-buried connecting piece.
[0046] Further, the elastic connecting piece 42 comprises a connecting side steel plate and a connecting spring, the connecting side steel plate is arranged on the side wall surface of the limiting energy dissipation assembly 41, the first end of the connecting spring is arranged on the connecting side steel plate, and the second end of the connecting spring is arranged to extend outward.
[0047] In the specific embodiment of the utility model, the two outermost bridge cross partitions 33 of the beam body 30 are respectively arranged with shock absorption units, the shock absorption units are formed by fixing and connecting two shock absorption prefabricated mechanisms 40 arranged along the longitudinal direction through an intermediate connecting mechanism 50; the rigid limiting box body 411 of the shock absorption unit is arranged with connecting springs on the side wall surface facing the bridge cross partition 33 through connecting side steel plates, the rigid limiting box body 411 of the shock absorption unit is arranged with connecting springs on the side wall surface facing the outermost bridge rib plate 32 through connecting side steel plates, the outer end of the connecting spring is in abutment with the supporting horseshoe 321, and the bottom of the outermost supporting horseshoe 321 is arranged with a lateral opening slot 322. In the utility model, each limiting energy consumption component 41 has two elastic connecting pieces 42, which are respectively in contact connection with the T-beam secondary beam end web horseshoe area and the end cross partition; through the integrated device, the normal displacement change of the structure is adapted through the spring element in the normal use limit state, the energy consumption element does not play a role, the energy consumption element prevents beam falling while damping and energy consumption in the extreme working condition; due to the existence of the integrated device, the cover beam two ends can save the conventional stop block structure, the structure is simplified, and construction is facilitated; through the maintenance slot opening arranged on the side beam, the integrated device can be quickly repaired and replaced after the earthquake.
[0048] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent range of the utility model, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection range of the utility model.
Claims
1. A seismic-prevention prefabricated beam, characterized in that, a bridge pier, a support, a beam body and a seismic-prevention prefabricated mechanism are included, the beam body is supported on the bridge pier through the support, the seismic-prevention prefabricated mechanism is arranged between the bridge pier and the beam body, the beam body includes a bridge deck, a bridge rib plate and a bridge cross diaphragm, a plurality of bridge rib plates are arranged in the bridge deck in a uniform manner along the transverse direction, the bridge cross diaphragm is arranged between two adjacent bridge rib plates, the bridge cross diaphragm is spaced apart from the longitudinal outer end surface of the bridge deck, and the bridge rib plate is supported on the corresponding support, the seismic-prevention prefabricated mechanism includes a limiting energy dissipation assembly and an elastic connecting piece, the limiting energy dissipation assembly is arranged on the outer side of the bridge cross diaphragm and between two bridge rib plates, one end of the elastic connecting piece is arranged on the limiting energy dissipation assembly, and the other end of the elastic connecting piece extends outward, and the limiting energy dissipation assembly is provided with the elastic connecting piece between the bridge rib plate and the bridge cross diaphragm. 2.The seismic-prevention prefabricated beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, a plurality of beam bodies are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction, the seismic-prevention prefabricated mechanism is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the beam body and at the end of the beam body, two seismic-prevention prefabricated mechanisms adjacent in the longitudinal direction are fixedly connected to form a seismic-prevention unit body through an intermediate connecting mechanism. 3.The seismic-prevention prefabricated beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, the bridge pier is provided with the seismic-prevention unit body on both sides in the transverse direction. 4.The seismic-prevention prefabricated beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the top of the bridge rib plate is connected to the bridge deck, the bottom of the bridge rib plate is provided with a support horseshoe, the limiting energy dissipation assembly is provided with the elastic connecting piece between the adjacent support horseshoe, and the limiting energy dissipation assembly is provided with the elastic connecting piece between the adjacent bridge cross diaphragm. 5.The seismic-prevention prefabricated beam according to claim 4, characterized in that, the bottom of the bridge rib plate on the outer side is provided with a lateral opening slot penetrating in the transverse direction, the seismic-prevention prefabricated mechanism is arranged between the outermost bridge rib plate and the next outermost bridge rib plate. 6.The seismic-prevention prefabricated beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the limiting energy dissipation assembly includes a rigid limiting box body and a honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism, the honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism is accommodated in the rigid limiting box body, the honeycomb energy dissipation mechanism includes a plurality of composite energy dissipation units connected to each other and a foam filler unit filling the composite energy dissipation units, the elastic connecting piece is connected to the side wall surface of the rigid limiting box body. 7.The seismic-prevention prefabricated beam according to claim 6, characterized in that, the composite energy dissipation unit adopts one of a single-circle composite energy dissipation structure, a multi-circle composite energy dissipation structure and a non-circle composite energy dissipation structure, the single-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding an intermediate core circular pipe in the middle, an outer peripheral connecting steel plate arranged in a regular hexagonal manner in the outer periphery and a radial connecting steel plate to each other, and the welding space is filled with a foam filler to form the foam filler unit. The multi-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding the intermediate core circular pipe in the middle, the peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon in the periphery, the outer circular pipes between two adjacent peripheral connecting steel plates, and the radial connecting steel plates. The non-circle composite energy dissipation structure is formed by welding the peripheral connecting steel plates arranged in a regular hexagon and the radial connecting steel plates.
8. The shock-absorbing and isolating prefabricated beam according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting energy dissipation assembly is detachably arranged on the pier, and a pier top embedded connecting piece is embedded in the top of the pier, the rigid limiting box body is a rectangular box body, and the rigid limiting box body is connected with the embedded connecting piece through fastening bolts.
9. The shock-absorbing and isolating prefabricated beam according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rigid limiting box body comprises a box bottom plate, four edge side plates, a box top plate and a box stiffening rib, the bottom of the four edge side plates is fixedly connected with the box bottom plate through the stiffening rib, the top of the four edge side plates is arranged with the box top plate, the cellular energy dissipation mechanism is accommodated in the space enclosed by the box bottom plate, the four edge side plates and the box top plate, and the box bottom plate is fixedly connected with the pier top embedded connecting piece.
10. The shock-absorbing and isolating prefabricated beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The elastic connecting piece comprises a connecting side steel plate and a connecting spring, the connecting side steel plate is arranged on the side wall surface of the limiting energy dissipation assembly, the first end of the connecting spring is arranged on the connecting side steel plate, and the second end of the connecting spring extends outward.