Novel insulating flange equipment for ship-shore oil conveying pipeline

Abstract

The utility model relates to novel insulating flange equipment for a ship-shore oil conveying pipeline, and belongs to the technical field of ship-shore oil conveying operation safety monitoring. The equipment comprises an anti-explosion structure located between a ship side oil conveying pipe and a shore side oil conveying pipe; the lightning protection circuit is connected in the explosion-proof structure; the special resistor is located in the anti-explosion structure and connected between the ship side oil conveying pipe and the shore side oil conveying pipe; wherein the oil tanker, the ship side oil conveying pipe, the special resistor and the shore side oil conveying pipe are combined to form a safe release channel of static electricity and stray current. According to the novel insulating flange equipment for the ship-shore oil conveying pipe, the failure of an anti-static and anti-stray current path is avoided through a formed new static and stray current safe release channel, so that it is ensured that arc sparks and deflagration are not generated in an emergency state, and meanwhile, the lightning protection circuit is additionally arranged between the ship-side oil conveying pipe and the shore-side oil conveying pipe, so that the safety of the ship-shore oil conveying pipe is improved. Lightning protection is conveniently provided for an oil conveying pipeline, and the safety performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of safety monitoring technology for ship-to-shore oil transportation operations, and in particular to a novel insulating flange device for ship-to-shore oil transportation pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] In the traditional operation mode of docking between various chemical tankers and oil tankers, eliminating static electricity and ensuring proper grounding are closely related to the safety and reliability of the production process. During docking, the potential difference between the ship and the land can cause stray currents and unsafe static discharges, which can easily lead to tanker fires and explosions in pipelines used for loading and unloading hazardous chemicals (gas), seriously threatening the safety of tankers, docks, and port areas. To avoid these dangers, anti-static insulating flanges or anti-static hoses (or non-conductive short pipes) must be installed at the docking point. These flanges or hoses connect the ship-side oil pipelines to the shore-side oil pipelines to ensure that no electric arcs or explosions occur. However, due to the difficulty in manufacturing anti-static insulating flanges, or long-term exposure to the outdoors, the material resistance may fail due to sun and rain, resulting in excessive resistance between the ship and shore, or even insulation failure. This interrupts the static discharge path, causing the anti-static and stray current protection pathways to fail, leading to static electricity accumulation and ineffective stray current release. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange equipment to address the problems of immature manufacturing processes for antistatic insulating flanges or long-term exposure to the outdoors, where the material resistance value may fail and become unqualified due to sun and rain, ultimately leading to excessive resistance between ship and shore, or even insulation failure and interruption of the electrostatic discharge path, resulting in the failure of the safe path for antistatic and stray current prevention, thus causing electrostatic accumulation and ineffective release of stray current.

[0004] This utility model provides a novel insulating flange device for ship-to-shore oil pipelines, comprising:

[0005] The explosion-proof structure is located between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline.

[0006] Lightning protection circuit, connected inside the explosion-proof structure;

[0007] A dedicated resistor is located within an explosion-proof structure and is connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline.

[0008] The combination of the oil tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the dedicated resistor, and the shore-side oil pipeline forms a safe channel for the release of static electricity and stray current.

[0009] In one embodiment, the dedicated resistor is connected in parallel with an antistatic and stray current prevention device, which is an antistatic insulating flange or an antistatic hose.

[0010] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof structure adopts explosion-proof, potting, sandblasting, or other explosion-proof structures and measures that comply with GB3836 national standard for explosive atmospheres.

[0011] In one embodiment, the gas explosion protection rating of the explosion-proof structure reaches Ex IIC T6 or above, and the dust explosion protection rating of the explosion-proof structure reaches Ex IIIC T85°C or above.

[0012] In one embodiment, the resistance value of the dedicated resistor is between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ or meets international standards of 1KΩ or above.

[0013] In one embodiment, the lightning protection circuit includes a lightning discharge tube and an induction device. The lightning discharge tube meets the requirements of national lightning protection standards, and the induction device is resistant to high current and high voltage.

[0014] In one embodiment, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange device further includes a first terminal, which is fixedly installed to the pipeline on the ship side.

[0015] In one embodiment, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange device further includes a second terminal, which is fixedly installed to the pipeline on the shore side or fixed to the nearest grounding busbar via a cable.

[0016] The aforementioned new type of insulated flange equipment for ship-to-shore oil pipelines utilizes a new safe release channel for static electricity and stray currents, composed of the tanker, ship-side oil pipeline, dedicated resistor, and shore-side oil pipeline. This prevents the failure of anti-static and stray current protection pathways, ensuring that no electric arcs or deflagration occur in emergency situations. Furthermore, national standards such as the JTS Oil & Gas Chemical Terminal Design Fire Protection Code 8.3 stipulate that metal components such as loading arms should be electrically connected and form an electrical path with the grounding system. The grounding resistance should not exceed 30Ω. Current requirements for the resistance of insulated flanges or anti-static hoses in anti-static and stray current protection pathways are between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ. Therefore, by adding a lightning protection circuit between the ship-side and shore-side oil pipelines, the problem of insufficient electromagnetic pulse protection channels due to the high location of the user's oil pipeline arms and their susceptibility to lightning strikes can be effectively solved, providing lightning protection for the oil pipeline and improving its safety performance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device in one embodiment.

[0019] Figure label:

[0020] 100. Explosion-proof structure; 200. Lightning protection circuit; 300. Special resistor; 400. First terminal; 500. Second terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this specification belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] In the traditional operation mode of docking between various chemical tankers and oil tankers, eliminating static electricity and ensuring proper grounding are closely related to the safety and reliability of the production process. Stray currents and unsafe releases of static electricity caused by the potential difference between the ship and the land during docking can easily lead to tanker fires and explosions in hazardous chemical loading / unloading pipelines (gas pipelines), seriously threatening the production safety of tankers, wharves, and port areas.

[0027] To avoid the aforementioned dangers, the ship-shore connection must be equipped with an anti-static insulating flange or anti-static flexible hose (or non-conductive short pipe). This insulating flange or hose connects the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline, and its resistance must meet the following requirements: not less than 25KΩ and not more than 2500KΩ (Chinese standard) or not less than 1KΩ (international standard). This ensures that the instantaneous stray current generated by the inherent potential difference between the ship and the shore is minimized by the aforementioned "safety" resistance between the ship and the shore, thereby preventing the generation of electric arcs and explosions. However, this method still carries risks, such as:

[0028] 1. Due to immature production technology or long-term exposure of the original oil transport arm's antistatic and stray current insulation flange to the outdoors, the resistance value of the antistatic and stray current insulation flange may fail and become unqualified due to sun and rain. This will eventually result in the resistance between the ship and the shore being too small or even close to 0, or too large or even insulated, which will not be able to effectively reduce the overload current caused by the potential difference between the ship and the shore, or will not be able to effectively release static electricity.

[0029] 2. The oil pipeline at the ship's end usually requires a section of "non-conductive flexible hose" or "insulated flexible hose" for connection. Due to immature manufacturing processes or long-term use, corrosion can occur, resulting in resistance that is too low or even close to zero, or too high or even leads to insulation. Too low resistance can lead to dangerous overload current, while too high resistance can interrupt the electrostatic discharge path.

[0030] 3. The oil loading arm uses anti-static and stray current insulated flanges that meet national standards of 25KΩ and 2500KΩ or international standards of >1KΩ. However, national standards such as the "JTS Oil and Gas Chemical Terminal Design Fire Protection Code" 8.3 stipulate that metal components such as loading arms should be electrically connected to form an electrical path with the grounding system. The grounding resistance should not exceed 30Ω. This 30Ω is far below the threshold of 25KΩ. This results in a missing electromagnetic pulse path for lightning protection, causing lightning accumulation and rendering the safety path of the lightning protection grounding ineffective.

[0031] GB12158-2024, "General Requirements for the Prevention of Static Electricity Accidents," stipulates the following requirements for anti-static operations on oil tankers and ships: When the oil delivery boom or hose does not have a jumper, it should be equipped with an insulating flange with a resistance greater than 25kΩ and not greater than 2500kΩ, or an anti-static hose should be used. Similar provisions exist in domestic and international standards such as the Ministry of Transport's JTS158-2019 "Code for Fire Protection Design of Oil and Gas Chemical Terminals" and the ISO GOTT "International Guidelines for Safety of Oil Tankers and Oil Terminals," requiring the installation of insulating flanges with resistance values ​​conforming to the standards between ship-to-shore pipelines.

[0032] However, due to the complexity of the production technology and the chemical properties of the materials, the resistance of current insulating flanges is either too high or too low, and very few meet the national standards. In addition, there are external environmental problems such as sun exposure, rain, and corrosion. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of insulating flange equipment for ship-to-shore oil pipelines.

[0033] The following is combined Figure 1 This invention describes an insulating flange device for ship-to-shore oil pipelines.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, a novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device includes an explosion-proof structure 100, a lightning protection circuit 200, and a dedicated resistor 300.

[0035] The explosion-proof structure 100 is located between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline.

[0036] Because the oil delivery arms or anti-static hoses of user oil pipelines are often located at high altitudes, in open areas near rivers and seas, they are susceptible to lightning strikes. Furthermore, the existing insulation flange resistance must meet the requirement of 25KΩ < R < 2500KΩ. If the resistance is too high, there will be problems with the lightning protection discharge channel. For example, the national standard GB15599-2009 "Code for Lightning Safety of Petroleum and Petroleum Facilities" 7.2 stipulates that all metal parts of the pipeline system, including the metal cladding of the sheath, should be grounded. Grounding devices should be installed at both ends of the pipeline, every 200m-300m, as well as at branches and bends. The grounding point should preferably be at the pipe pier, and its impulse grounding resistance should not exceed 10Ω. Therefore, this equipment is also specially designed to provide a dedicated lightning protection circuit 200 for the ship-side oil pipeline, providing lightning protection for the oil pipeline. The lightning protection circuit 200 is connected within the explosion-proof structure 100, meeting the requirements of GB3836 Explosive Atmosphere Devices.

[0037] Considering that the hoses used for transporting media from the oil boom or the shore to the oil tanker are all in the explosion hazard zone, and that the dedicated resistor 300 is a specialized electrical component, the dedicated resistor 300 is connected inside the explosion-proof structure 100.

[0038] Among them, the combination of the oil tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the dedicated resistor 300 and the shore-side oil pipeline forms a safe release channel for static electricity and stray current.

[0039] This new type of ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange equipment, through a new safe release channel for static electricity and stray current composed of the tanker, ship-side oil pipeline, dedicated resistor 300, and shore-side oil pipeline, avoids the failure of the anti-static and anti-stray current pathways, thus ensuring that no electric arc sparks or deflagration will occur in an emergency. At the same time, by adding a lightning protection circuit 200 between the ship-side and shore-side oil pipelines, it can effectively solve the problem of the oil pipeline arm being susceptible to lightning strikes due to its relatively high position, providing lightning protection for the oil pipeline and improving safety performance.

[0040] It should be further explained that the dedicated 300Ω resistor is connected in parallel with the anti-static and stray current protection device. This device is an anti-static insulating flange or an anti-static hose. The anti-static and stray current protection device is a user-supplied anti-static insulating flange for ship-to-shore oil pipelines. This flange can be fully insulated, and such materials are readily available on the market. However, it cannot fail to meet the lower limit requirements of national standards, such as greater than 25KΩ. If it is less than 25KΩ, the installation of this equipment will be ineffective in terms of "insulation" due to the excessively low bypass resistance of the dedicated 300Ω resistor. Therefore, the original traditional pipeline isolation flange must be equipped with an insulating flange made of material with a resistance value of 25KΩ < R < 2500Ω or higher, meeting the national standard requirements. Currently, most flanges with mature manufacturing processes on the market have very high resistance values ​​and are almost fully insulated.

[0041] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof structure 100 adopts explosion-proof structures and measures that comply with GB3836, such as flameproofing, potting, sandblasting, or other national standards for explosive atmospheres GB3836.

[0042] It should be noted that the gas explosion protection rating of the explosion-proof structure 100 reaches Ex IIC T6 or above, and the dust explosion protection rating of the explosion-proof structure 100 reaches Ex IIIC T85℃ or above.

[0043] In this embodiment, the resistance value of the dedicated resistor 300 is between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ, which complies with national standards such as GB12158-2024 "General Requirements for Prevention of Static Electricity Accidents" 8.5 Anti-static operation requirements for oil tankers and ships: when the oil delivery arm or hose is not equipped with a jumper, it should be equipped with an insulating flange with a resistance greater than 25kΩ and not greater than 2500kΩ or use an anti-static hose, which also complies with national standards such as the "International Guide to Safety of Tankers and Oil Terminals" ISGOTT: it should not be less than 1000Ω.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lightning protection circuit 200 includes a lightning discharge tube and an induction device, the induction device being resistant to high current and high voltage.

[0045] It should be noted that the insulation resistance of the lightning protection circuit 200 needs to meet the relevant national lightning protection standards. For example, the insulation resistance should not be less than 50MΩ, and the nominal discharge current In (8 / 20) and impulse discharge current Iimp (10 / 350) should be able to reach 100KA.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange device also includes a first terminal 400, which is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the ship side. It can be installed with bolts, cable ties, or even welding, etc.

[0047] In this embodiment, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange device also includes a second terminal 500. The second terminal 500 is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the shore side or fixed to the nearest grounding bar via a cable. When the second terminal 500 is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the shore side, it can be installed with bolts, cable ties, or even welding, etc.

[0048] It should be noted that the insulated flange equipment for ship-to-shore oil pipelines also includes a grounding circuit. The two ends of the dedicated 300Ω resistor can be connected to both ends of the anti-static insulated flange, or directly to the grounding busbar on the opposite bank, to ensure the safe release of static electricity and stray current. The two ends of the lightning discharge tube can be connected to both ends of the anti-static insulated flange, or directly to the dedicated lightning protection grounding busbar on the opposite bank, to ensure that the insulated flange or non-conductive flexible conduit is not damaged by lightning strikes.

[0049] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0050] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel insulated flange device for ship-to-shore oil pipelines, characterized in that, include: The explosion-proof structure is located between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline. Lightning protection circuit, connected inside the explosion-proof structure; A dedicated resistor is located within an explosion-proof structure and is connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline. The combination of the oil tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the dedicated resistor, and the shore-side oil pipeline forms a safe channel for the release of static electricity and stray current.

2. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dedicated resistor is connected in parallel with the antistatic and stray current prevention device, which is an antistatic insulating flange or an antistatic flexible hose.

3. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The explosion-proof structure adopts explosion-proof, potting, sandblasting or other explosion-proof structures and measures that comply with GB3836 national standard for explosive atmospheres.

4. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The explosion-proof structure has a gas explosion-proof rating of Ex IIC T6 or above, and a dust explosion-proof rating of Ex IIIC T85℃ or above.

5. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The resistance value of the special resistor is between 25KΩ and 2500KΩ or meets international standards of 1KΩ and above.

6. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lightning protection circuit includes a lightning discharge tube and an induction device. The lightning discharge tube meets the requirements of national lightning protection standards, and the induction device is resistant to high current and high voltage.

7. The novel insulated flange device for ship-to-shore oil pipelines according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulation flange device also includes a first terminal, which is fixedly installed with the pipeline on the ship side.

8. The novel ship-to-shore oil pipeline insulating flange device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The insulated flange device for the ship-to-shore oil pipeline also includes a second terminal, which is fixedly installed to the pipeline on the shore side or fixed to the nearest grounding bar via a cable.

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