Thermal runaway flue gas treatment device

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device which mainly solves the problem that potential safety hazards exist after thermal runaway flue gas generated by thermal runaway of an existing battery is exhausted. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device comprises a combustion barrel, an ignition assembly, a supercharging device and a flow dividing device, a combustion cavity for combusting thermal runaway flue gas is formed in the combustion barrel, and meanwhile, a plurality of first air holes communicated with the combustion cavity are formed in the combustion barrel; the ignition assembly is used for carrying out ignition treatment on thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion cavity; the pressurizing device is arranged in the combustion cylinder and used for pressurizing the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion cavity to form jet-flow-shaped gas, so that flames generated during combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas are thin and long columnar flames; the flow dividing device is connected to the inlet end of the supercharging device, and when the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the supercharging device exceeds a threshold value, the flow dividing device conducts pressure relief and flow dividing on the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet end of the supercharging device so that the thermal runaway flue gas can be continuously and stably combusted in the combustion cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery safety, specifically relating to a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries have a wide range of applications, including energy storage and power batteries. In recent years, with the further development of lithium-ion batteries, their safe use has also attracted attention. Due to the principles and structural characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, and mechanical impacts can easily cause the battery separator to collapse and internal short circuits, leading to thermal runaway.

[0003] When lithium-ion batteries experience thermal runaway, they generate a large amount of thermal runaway fumes. These fumes are highly susceptible to combustion or explosion upon release, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the safety hazards posed by the exhaust of thermal runaway fumes generated by existing battery thermal runaway, this invention provides a thermal runaway fumes treatment device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A thermal runaway flue gas treatment device includes a combustion cylinder, an ignition assembly, a pressurization device, and a diversion device. The combustion cylinder has a combustion chamber for burning thermal runaway flue gas, and the combustion cylinder is provided with multiple first vents communicating with the combustion chamber. The ignition assembly is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber. The pressurization device is located in the combustion cylinder and is used to pressurize the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber to form a jet-like gas, so that the flame during the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas is a slender columnar flame. The diversion device is connected to the inlet end of the pressurization device. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the pressurization device exceeds a threshold, the diversion device depressurizes and diverts the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet end of the pressurization device, so that the thermal runaway flue gas continues to burn stably in the combustion chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the diversion device includes a diversion pipe and a pressure relief valve. The inlet of the diversion pipe is connected to the inlet end of the booster device, and the outlet is located inside the combustion chamber. The pressure relief valve is installed on the diversion pipe. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the booster device exceeds the threshold, the pressure relief valve is opened, and part of the thermal runaway flue gas is transported to the combustion chamber through the diversion pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the diversion pipe includes a tee pipe and a branch pipe; the first port of the tee pipe is connected to the inlet of the booster device, a pressure relief valve is installed on the second port, and the angle between the second port and the first port is an acute angle; the third port serves as the inlet port for thermal runaway flue gas; one end of the branch pipe is connected to the pressure relief valve, and the other end is located inside the combustion chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressurization device is a venturi tube, which includes a constriction section, a throat, and a diffuser section arranged in sequence, with the constriction section installed on the bottom plate of the combustion chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the top open end of the combustion cylinder is provided with a porous structure, which diverts the combustion flame overflowing from the top of the combustion chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the combustion cylinder and the side wall of the combustion cylinder are both provided with first air holes.

[0012] Furthermore, a protective shell is fitted on the outside of the combustion cylinder. The protective shell includes a protective cylinder and two annular plates located at the open end of the protective cylinder. The protective cylinder is fitted onto the combustion cylinder, and an annular isolation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the combustion cylinder and the inner wall of the protective cylinder. The annular plates are provided with multiple second air holes that penetrate the annular plates.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a triggering device for activating the ignition assembly when thermal runaway flue gas enters the combustion chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a backfire prevention device, which is located at the bottom of the combustion cylinder to prevent the combustion flame from flowing back.

[0015] Furthermore, the ignition assembly includes a pulse ignition needle and a pulse generator, wherein the pulse ignition needle is disposed inside the combustion chamber and the pulse generator is disposed outside the combustion cylinder.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. This utility model's thermal runaway gas treatment device provides controllable ignition of the thermal runaway gas emitted after battery thermal runaway, avoiding safety hazards caused by the emission of thermal runaway gas. Before the thermal runaway gas is ignited, the device uses a pressurization device to pressurize and accelerate the gas, causing it to be ejected at high speed as a jet of gas. After the jet of thermal runaway gas is ignited, the combustion flame inside the combustion chamber is a thin, columnar flame, preventing flame overflow and improving safety during combustion, thereby enhancing the safety of the thermal runaway gas treatment device during use. Simultaneously, the pressurization device increases the flow rate of the thermal runaway gas, and the pressure difference generated by this flow rate draws more air into the combustion chamber through the first air hole to participate in the combustion of the thermal runaway gas, resulting in more complete combustion.

[0018] After the thermal runaway flue gas is pressurized by the pressurization device, in order to ensure the continuous and stable combustion of the combustion flame in the combustion chamber, a diversion device is set at the inlet end of the pressurization device. When the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet end of the pressurization device exceeds the threshold, the diversion device depressurizes and diverts the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet end of the pressurization device, preventing the high-pressure and high-speed thermal runaway flue gas from extinguishing the combustion flame in the combustion chamber, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can continue to burn stably in the combustion chamber, and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device can continuously and reliably treat the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0019] 2. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, the diversion device includes a diversion pipe and a pressure relief valve. The diversion pipe is connected in parallel to the inlet and outlet ends of the above-mentioned booster device. The pressure relief valve is installed on the diversion pipe. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the booster device exceeds the threshold, the pressure relief valve is opened, and part of the thermal runaway flue gas is transported to the combustion cylinder through the diversion pipe. The thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the diversion pipe is ignited accordingly to reduce the safety hazards caused by the diverted thermal runaway flue gas.

[0020] 3. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, the diversion pipe includes a tee pipe and a branch pipe. The pressure relief valve is connected to the inlet end of the booster device through the tee pipe, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the pressure relief valve. At the same time, the included angle between the second port and the first port of the tee pipe is an acute angle. This setting allows the inlet end of the pressure relief valve to directly receive the direct triggering of the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can open the pressure relief valve in a timely and reliable manner, thereby improving the reliability of the pressure relief valve when it is opened.

[0021] 4. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, the pressurization device adopts a Venturi tube, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0022] 5. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, the top open end of the combustion cylinder is provided with a porous structure. The porous structure diverts the combustion flame overflowing from the combustion chamber, making the flame overflowing from the combustion cylinder relatively gentle, further improving the safety of the entire thermal runaway flue gas treatment device during use.

[0023] 6. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, first air holes are provided on the bottom and side walls of the combustion cylinder, and first air holes are provided in multiple areas of the combustion cylinder, so that as much air as possible participates in the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas. This method can not only ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas can be fully burned, but also produce a smaller flame, which improves the flame stability during the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas and further enhances the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device during use.

[0024] 7. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, a protective shell is also fitted on the outside of the combustion cylinder. The protective shell can prevent the combustion flame from overflowing and isolate the heat generated during the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas, further ensuring the safety during combustion and improving the safety of the device during use.

[0025] 8. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, a triggering device is also provided at the bottom of the combustion cylinder. The triggering device can start the ignition component in a timely and reliable manner when the thermal runaway flue gas enters the combustion cylinder, so as to improve the reliability of thermal runaway flue gas treatment.

[0026] 9. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of this utility model, a backfire prevention device is also provided between the combustion cylinder and the triggering device. The backfire prevention device can effectively prevent flame backflow, protect the triggering device, avoid damage to the triggering device by the flame, and ensure the accurate and reliable opening of the ignition component.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device (with a first vent hole on the side wall of the combustion cylinder) in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device (the bottom plate of the combustion cylinder is provided with a first air hole) in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device (with a triggering device) in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the airflow sensor in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 2;

[0036] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 2.

[0037] Reference numerals: 1-combustion cylinder, 2-pressurization device, 3-ignition assembly, 4-flow divider, 5-triggering device, 6-porous structure, 7-protective shell, 8-anti-backfire device, 11-combustion chamber, 12-first vent, 13-outer cylinder, 14-bottom plate, 31-pulse ignition needle, 32-pulse generator, 41-flow divider pipe, 42-pressure relief valve, 43-tee pipe, 44-branch pipe, 431-first port, 432-second port, 433-third port, 51-airflow sensor, 61-pin, 71-protective cylinder, 72-annular plate, 73-second vent. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0039] The phrase "other embodiments" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0040] In this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate component, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0042] Existing energy storage devices or power battery packs generally consist of multiple individual cells (which can be existing cylindrical cells, prismatic cells, pouch cells, etc.). These individual cells are connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel to meet different capacity requirements. During use, or in the event of overcharging, over-discharging, or mechanical impact, these multiple individual cells are prone to thermal runaway, generating thermal runaway fumes. These fumes accumulate outside the energy storage device or power battery pack, posing a safety hazard.

[0043] This utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which performs controllable ignition treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from energy storage devices or power battery packs, so that the thermal runaway flue gas will not cause safety hazards after being discharged, thereby improving the safety of energy storage devices or power battery packs.

[0044] Before the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited, the aforementioned thermal runaway flue gas treatment device uses a pressurization device to pressurize the flue gas. The increased pressure and flow rate of the flue gas cause it to be ejected at high speed, forming a jet-like gas stream. Once ignited, the jet-like flue gas produces a slender, columnar flame within the combustion chamber. This slender, columnar flame reduces the likelihood of flame spread, increasing safety during combustion and thus enhancing the safety of the treatment device. Simultaneously, the increased pressurization also accelerates the flow rate of the flue gas. The resulting pressure difference draws more air through the first air vent into the combustion chamber, contributing to more complete combustion and further improving the safety of the treatment device.

[0045] When a battery experiences thermal runaway, thermal runaway gas is continuously generated, and the pressure of the thermal runaway gas continues to increase. Alternatively, when multiple batteries experience thermal runaway, the pressure of the thermal runaway gas may suddenly increase at a certain moment. After the thermal runaway gas with increased pressure is pressurized by the pressurization device, the pressure of the thermal runaway gas becomes too high. When the pressure of the thermal runaway gas ejected by the pressurization device exceeds a certain limit, the high-pressure thermal runaway gas may extinguish the combustion flame, causing the thermal runaway gas to be unable to continue burning.

[0046] Based on this, a diversion device is installed at the inlet of the aforementioned booster device. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet of the booster device exceeds the threshold, the diversion device depressurizes and diverts the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet of the booster device. The high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas is depressurized through the diversion device to prevent the high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas from extinguishing the combustion flame, so that the combustion flame can burn stably in the combustion chamber. This thermal runaway flue gas treatment device can continuously and reliably treat the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device provided in this embodiment includes a combustion cylinder 1, an ignition assembly 3, a pressurizing device 2, and a diversion device 4. The combustion cylinder 1 has a combustion chamber 11 for burning thermal runaway flue gas, and the combustion cylinder 1 is provided with multiple first air holes 12 communicating with the combustion chamber 11. The ignition assembly 3 is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber 11. The pressurizing device 2 is located in the combustion cylinder 1 and is used to pressurize the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber 11 to form a jet-like gas, so that the flame during the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas is a thin, columnar flame. The diversion device 4 is connected to the inlet end of the pressurizing device 2. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the pressurizing device 2 exceeds a threshold, the diversion device 4 depressurizes and diverts the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet end of the pressurizing device 2, so that the thermal runaway flue gas continues to burn stably in the combustion chamber 11. The structure of each component is described in detail below.

[0049] like Figures 2 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 1 is a combustion chamber 11 for thermal runaway flue gas combustion, mainly providing combustion space for the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas. Specifically, the combustion cylinder 1 is mainly composed of an outer cylinder 13 and a base plate 14 located at the bottom of the outer cylinder 13. The outer cylinder 13 can be a cylindrical structure with an open top and an open bottom, or a rectangular shell structure with an open top and an open bottom, etc., whichever is not required. The base plate 14 includes a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe with different outer diameters. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are coaxial and fixedly connected. The outer diameter of the first connecting pipe is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 13. After the first connecting pipe is embedded into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 13, a screw is used to fix the connection between the side wall of the outer cylinder 13 and the first connecting pipe. The second connecting pipe is used for connection with the device below the combustion cylinder 1.

[0050] The combustion cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of first air holes 12 that communicate with the combustion chamber 11. The functions of the first air holes 12 are to discharge the gas after combustion and to provide air during combustion. The first air holes 12 deliver external air into the combustion cylinder 1 to participate in the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first vent 12 can be installed on the bottom plate 14 of the combustion chamber 1 or on the side wall of the combustion chamber 1. The first vent 12 can be a circular hole, a directional hole, or a strip-shaped hole; there are no specific requirements. Figure 1 The first vent 12 is located on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1. Figure 2 The first air vent 12 is disposed on the bottom plate 14 of the combustion cylinder 1. When the first air vent 12 is provided on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1, there can be multiple sets of the first air vent 12. Each set of the first air vent 12 is arranged circumferentially along the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 1, and multiple sets of the first air vent 12 are arranged axially along the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 1. In specific configuration, the first air vent 12 can be provided on both the bottom plate 14 of the combustion cylinder 1 and the side wall of the outer cylinder 13. The first air vent 12 is provided in multiple areas of the combustion cylinder 1, so that as much air as possible participates in the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas. This method can not only ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas can be fully combusted, but also reduce the flame height during the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas, improve the flame stability during the combustion of thermal runaway flue gas, and further enhance the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device during use.

[0052] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a pressurizing device 2 is provided inside the combustion chamber 1. The pressurizing device 2 is used to pressurize the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber 11 to form a jet-like gas, so that the flame when the thermal runaway flue gas is burning is a slender columnar flame. In specific installation, the pressurizing device 2 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 11 and is installed on the bottom plate 14 of the combustion chamber 1. It is used to pressurize and accelerate the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber 11.

[0053] In this embodiment, the pressurization device 2 is a Venturi tube, which includes a converging section, a throat, and a diffuser section arranged sequentially. The thermal runaway flue gas enters the combustion chamber 11 after passing through the converging section, throat, and diffuser section in sequence. Specifically, during installation, the converging section is fixed to the bottom plate 14 of the combustion chamber 1. The Venturi tube pressurizes and accelerates the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber 1, making it a jet-like gas. After ignition, this jet-like gas produces a slender, columnar flame that does not overflow the sidewall of the combustion chamber 1, improving the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas combustion. Simultaneously, by increasing the flow rate of the thermal runaway flue gas, the Venturi tube utilizes the pressure difference generated by the flow rate to ensure that more air (oxygen) can stably and continuously enter the combustion chamber 11 through the first vent 12, allowing more air to participate in the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas, resulting in more complete combustion. In other embodiments, a gas booster pump or similar device can also be used to pressurize and accelerate the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0054] When a battery experiences thermal runaway, thermal runaway gas is continuously generated, and the pressure of the thermal runaway gas continues to increase. Alternatively, when multiple batteries experience thermal runaway, the pressure of the thermal runaway gas may suddenly increase at a certain moment. After the thermal runaway gas with increased pressure is pressurized by the pressurization device 2, the pressure of the thermal runaway gas becomes too high. When the pressure of the thermal runaway gas ejected by the pressurization device 2 exceeds a certain limit value, the thermal runaway gas may extinguish the combustion flame, causing the thermal runaway gas to be unable to continue burning.

[0055] Based on this, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a diversion device 4 is added to the thermal runaway flue gas. The diversion device 4 is used to depressurize and divert the thermal runaway flue gas entering the pressurization device 2 so that the combustion flame can burn stably in the combustion chamber 11.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the diversion device 4 in this embodiment includes a diversion pipe 41 and a pressure relief valve 42. The inlet of the diversion pipe 41 is connected to the inlet end of the booster device 2, and the outlet is located in the combustion chamber 11. The pressure relief valve 42 is installed on the diversion pipe 41. The pressure relief valve 42 has a certain opening threshold. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the booster device 2 exceeds the threshold, the pressure relief valve 42 opens, and part of the thermal runaway flue gas is depressurized through the diversion pipe 41 and diverted into the combustion chamber 11.

[0057] In other embodiments, the outlet of the aforementioned diversion pipe 41 can also be directly connected to the external environment, allowing the diversion pipe 41 to directly discharge the depressurized and diverted thermal runaway flue gas into the external environment. However, directly discharged thermal runaway flue gas may pose a hazard. Therefore, preferably, the outlet of the diversion pipe 41 is located within the combustion chamber 11, and the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the diversion pipe 41 is also subjected to corresponding ignition treatment, thereby improving the safety of the device during use.

[0058] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the diversion pipe 41 in this embodiment includes a three-way pipe 43 and a branch pipe 44. The first port 431 of the three-way pipe 43 is connected to the inlet of the booster device 2, a pressure relief valve 42 is installed on the second port 432, and the angle between the second port 432 and the first port 431 is an acute angle. The third port 433 serves as the inlet port for thermal runaway flue gas. One end of the branch pipe 44 is connected to the pressure relief valve 42, and the other end is located inside the combustion chamber 11. In this structure, the pressure relief valve 42 is connected to the inlet of the booster device 2 through the three-way pipe 43, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the pressure relief valve 42. At the same time, the angle between the second port 432 and the first port 431 of the three-way pipe 43 is an acute angle. This arrangement allows the inlet of the pressure relief valve 42 to directly receive the direct triggering of the thermal runaway flue gas, enabling the thermal runaway flue gas to open the pressure relief valve 42 in a timely and reliable manner, thus improving the reliability of the opening of the pressure relief valve 42.

[0059] In other embodiments, the above-mentioned diversion pipe 41 may also include only one branch pipe 44, the inlet of which is connected to the inlet end of the booster device 2, the outlet is located in the combustion chamber 11, and the pressure relief valve 42 is connected in series on the branch pipe 44.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the ignition assembly 3 in this embodiment is mainly used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber 11, achieving controllable combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas. The ignition assembly 3 can be implemented using different structures; for example, it can use existing arc igniters or resistance wire igniters. Specifically, the arc igniter can be a pulse igniter. This arc igniter can be powered by a dry cell battery or by an external circuit. In this embodiment, the ignition assembly 3 preferably uses a reliable pulse igniter. The aforementioned arc igniter specifically includes a pulse ignition needle 31 and a pulse generator 32. The pulse generator 32 includes a high-voltage transformer and a circuit board. During installation, the pulse ignition needle 31 passes through the through hole on the bottom plate of the combustion chamber 1, with its ignition head located inside the combustion chamber 1. The pulse generator 32 is installed outside the combustion chamber 11 and can be fixed to the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 to prevent damage from the combustion flame or heat of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0061] The ignition component 3 mentioned above can be activated through the BMS (Battery Management System). When activated by the BMS, the BMS monitors the battery voltage, current and temperature in real time. When any battery experiences thermal runaway and the voltage, current and temperature exceed the threshold, the pulse igniter is activated and the ignition needle ignites.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, to ensure timely ignition of the thermal runaway flue gas, this embodiment activates the ignition assembly 3 via a triggering device 5. The triggering device 5 is installed along the path of the thermal runaway flue gas, reliably activating the ignition assembly 3 when the flue gas enters the combustion chamber 1. This triggering device 5 can be a sensor of various types, such as a pressure sensor, gas sensor, airflow sensor, or temperature sensor. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the sensor monitors the flow rate, pressure, temperature, and gas composition of the flue gas in real time. When the monitored data exceeds a threshold, a signal is sent to the pulse generator 32, thereby initiating ignition.

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, the sensor in this embodiment can specifically be an airflow sensor 51 or a flow switch. The airflow sensor 51 can specifically be an electronic cigarette microphone, etc., to ensure that the igniter can be triggered in a timely and reliable manner after the battery thermal runaway smoke. In specific installation, the airflow sensor 51 is set at the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1, so that it can directly receive the direct triggering of the thermal runaway smoke, ensuring that the igniter can be triggered in a timely and reliable manner after the battery thermal runaway smoke.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, after the ignition assembly 3 ignites the thermal runaway flue gas, to prevent the combustion flame from flowing back and affecting the triggering device 5 and other components, this embodiment also provides a backfire prevention device 8 at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1. The backfire prevention device 8 is specifically installed between the combustion chamber 1 and the triggering device 5. After the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited, if the flame spreads backward, it is blocked by the backfire prevention device 8, thus preventing damage to the triggering device 5. This backfire prevention device 8 effectively protects the triggering device 5, ensuring that it can be opened accurately and reliably, thereby ensuring reliable ignition of the ignition assembly 3.

[0065] The aforementioned backfire prevention device 8 can be any type of device, as long as it can prevent the combustion flame from flowing back. Specifically, it can be a backfire prevention valve or a pipeline flame arrester, which is connected to the bottom of the combustion cylinder 1 via threads or flanges. In this embodiment, the backfire prevention device 8 is a backfire prevention valve, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0066] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in order to further improve the safety of thermal runaway flue gas combustion, the top open end of the combustion cylinder 1 is also provided with a porous structure 6. If the combustion flame overflows at the top of the combustion cylinder 1, the porous structure 6 can disperse and divert the overflowing combustion flame, making the overflowing flame relatively gentle, and further improving the safety of the entire thermal runaway flue gas treatment device during use.

[0067] In this embodiment, the porous structure 6 is a honeycomb ceramic column, and the cross-sectional shape of the honeycomb ceramic column matches the cross-sectional shape of the combustion chamber 11. When installing the honeycomb ceramic column, an annular boss can be added to the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 1, the porous structure 6 can be placed on the annular boss, and then it can be fixed. Alternatively, as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, two pins 61 are provided on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1, and the porous structure 6 is placed between the two pins 61. The two pins 61 limit and fix the porous structure 6.

[0068] In other embodiments, the porous structure 6 described above can be a porous dielectric plate or several layers of high-temperature resistant metal mesh, etc.

[0069] The operation process of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0070] When thermal runaway of the battery generates thermal runaway flue gas, the flue gas enters the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device through an external flue gas pipeline. When the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the triggering device 5, the triggering device 5 activates the ignition assembly 3, and the ignition assembly 3 begins ignition. Simultaneously, the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber 11 is pressurized by the pressurizing device 2, forming a jet-shaped gas. The jet-shaped gas is ignited, forming a slender columnar flame, which burns safely within the combustion chamber 11. If the combustion flame overflows from the top of the combustion cylinder 1, the porous structure 6 disperses and diverts the overflowing combustion flame, achieving safe combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet of the pressurizing device 2 exceeds a threshold, the diversion device 4 depressurizes and diverts the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet of the pressurizing device 2, so that the thermal runaway flue gas continues to burn stably within the combustion chamber 11, enabling the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device to continuously and reliably treat the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in order to further ensure the safety of combustion of thermal runaway flue gas, a protective shell 7 is also fitted on the outside of the combustion cylinder 1 of Embodiment 1 in this embodiment. The protective shell 7 includes a protective cylinder 71 and an annular plate 72 provided at the open end of the protective cylinder 71. The protective cylinder 71 is fitted on the combustion cylinder 1 and forms an annular isolation cavity between the outer wall of the combustion cylinder 1 and the inner wall of the protective cylinder 71. The annular plate 72 is provided with a plurality of second air holes 73 that penetrate the annular plate 72.

[0073] This embodiment does not impose requirements on the shape of the protective cylinder 71; it can be a cylindrical structure or a rectangular cylinder structure, etc. To maintain aesthetics and ease of installation, the shape of the protective cylinder 71 should preferably be consistent with the shape of the combustion cylinder 1. Since the combustion cylinder 1 generally adopts a cylindrical structure, the protective cylinder 71 can also adopt a cylindrical structure.

[0074] like Figure 8 As shown, there is at least one annular plate 72 located inside the isolation chamber, connecting the protective cylinder 71 to the combustion cylinder 1. The annular plate 72 can be located in the middle of the isolation chamber or at both ends of the isolation chamber. If the annular plate 72 is located at both ends of the isolation chamber, then the annular plate 72 needs to be provided with multiple second vents 73 to connect the isolation chamber with the external environment.

[0075] After the protective shell 7 is fitted onto the outside of the combustion cylinder 1, if the combustion flame inside the combustion cylinder 1 overflows through the first vent 12, the overflowing flame is blocked by the side wall of the protective shell 71 within the isolation chamber, preventing it from escaping into the external environment and causing safety hazards. Therefore, the protective shell 7 can further prevent the combustion flame from overflowing and also isolate the heat generated during thermal runaway flue gas combustion, further improving the safety of the device during use. At the same time, since the combustion chamber 11 is connected to the external environment through the first vent 12, the second vent 73, and the isolation chamber, it will not affect the air entering the combustion chamber 11 to participate in combustion.

[0076] When the protective housing 7 is installed, the protective cylinder 71 is fixed to the side wall of the combustion cylinder 1 with screws, which effectively prevents the protective housing 7 from falling off, and also facilitates the installation and disassembly of the protective housing 7 and the combustion cylinder 1.

[0077] The thermal runaway flue gas treatment devices in Embodiments 1 and 2 above can be applied to energy storage devices. Thermal runaway flue gas generated by thermal runaway of any battery in the energy storage device is centrally led out through a flue gas pipeline. This flue gas pipeline is connected to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which performs controllable and safe ignition treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0078] The thermal runaway flue gas treatment devices described in Embodiments 1 and 2 above can be applied to electric vehicle power battery packs. In specific installation and use, a flue gas pipeline centrally draws out the thermal runaway flue gas generated by any battery in the power battery pack. The flue gas pipeline is connected to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, which performs controllable and safe ignition treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas. Alternatively, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device can be directly connected to the power battery pack casing. When any single battery cell in the power battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device performs controllable and safe ignition treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas emitted from the battery pack.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, characterized in that, It includes a combustion chamber, ignition assembly, pressurization device, and flow divider; The combustion cylinder has a combustion chamber for thermal runaway flue gas combustion, and the combustion cylinder is provided with multiple first air holes that communicate with the combustion chamber. The ignition assembly is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas in the combustion chamber. The pressurization device is located inside the combustion cylinder and is used to pressurize the thermal runaway flue gas entering the combustion chamber to form a jet-shaped gas so that the flame during the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas is a slender columnar flame. The diversion device is connected to the inlet end of the booster device. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the booster device exceeds the threshold, the diversion device depressurizes and diverts the thermal runaway flue gas at the inlet end of the booster device so that the thermal runaway flue gas can continue to burn stably in the combustion chamber.

2. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion device includes a diversion pipe and a pressure relief valve. The inlet of the diversion pipe is connected to the inlet end of the booster device, and the outlet is located in the combustion chamber. The pressure relief valve is installed on the diversion pipe. When the thermal runaway flue gas pressure at the inlet end of the booster device exceeds the threshold, the pressure relief valve is opened, and part of the thermal runaway flue gas is transported to the combustion chamber through the diversion pipe.

3. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diversion pipe includes a tee pipe and a branch pipe; the first port of the tee pipe is connected to the inlet of the booster device, a pressure relief valve is installed on the second port, and the angle between the second port and the first port is an acute angle; the third port serves as the inlet port for thermal runaway flue gas; one end of the branch pipe is connected to the pressure relief valve, and the other end is located inside the combustion chamber.

4. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization device is a venturi tube, which includes a constriction section, a throat, and a diffuser section arranged in sequence. The constriction section is installed on the bottom plate of the combustion cylinder.

5. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top open end of the combustion cylinder is provided with a porous structure, which diverts the combustion flame that overflows from the top of the combustion chamber.

6. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The bottom plate and side wall of the combustion cylinder are each provided with a first air hole.

7. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer side of the combustion cylinder is also fitted with a protective shell. The protective shell includes a protective cylinder and an annular plate provided at the open end of the protective cylinder. The protective cylinder is fitted onto the combustion cylinder, and an annular isolation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the combustion cylinder and the inner wall of the protective cylinder. The annular plate is provided with a plurality of second air holes penetrating the annular plate.

8. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a triggering device, which is used to activate the ignition assembly when thermal runaway flue gas enters the combustion chamber.

9. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a backfire prevention device, which is located at the bottom of the combustion cylinder to prevent the combustion flame from flowing back.

10. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ignition assembly includes a pulse ignition needle and a pulse generator. The pulse ignition needle is located inside the combustion chamber, and the pulse generator is located outside the combustion cylinder.

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