Discharging and collecting device

Abstract

The utility model provides a discharging and collecting device. The discharging and collecting device comprises a containment, a collecting water tank, a pressure container and a steam generator, the collecting water tank, the pressure container and the steam generator are positioned in the containment; a steam inlet of the steam generator is communicated with the pressure container through a connecting pipeline, and a first branch pipe is arranged at a first position of the connecting pipeline; the connecting pipeline is communicated with the collecting water tank through a first branch pipe, and a first isolating valve and a first explosion valve are sequentially arranged on the first branch pipe; a steam outlet of the steam generator is communicated with a steam turbine outside the containment through a main steam pipeline, and the main steam pipeline comprises a first part located in the containment and a second part located outside the containment; a second branch pipe is arranged at a second position of the first part, the main steam pipeline is communicated with the collecting water tank through the second branch pipe, and a second isolating valve and a second explosion valve are sequentially arranged on the second branch pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of post-accident safety in nuclear power plants, and in particular to an emission collection device. Background Technology

[0002] The pressure vessel of a nuclear power plant is the second line of defense. It is used to contain radioactivity and prevent large amounts of radioactive material from leaking out after a nuclear power plant accident.

[0003] In existing nuclear power technologies, during accidents involving a rapid increase in pressure within the pressure vessel and steam generator, pressure is typically reduced using safety valves or pressure relief valves, water is replenished through a safety-grade injection system, and cooling is achieved through a safety-grade cooling system. These systems largely rely on power equipment and power sources, resulting in relatively poor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This utility model provides an emission collection device to solve the problem that in existing nuclear power technology, after a nuclear power plant accident, the depressurization system relies heavily on power equipment and power sources, resulting in poor reliability.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides an emission collection device, including: a containment vessel, a collection pool, a pressure vessel, and a steam generator; the collection pool, the pressure vessel, and the steam generator are located inside the containment vessel; the steam inlet of the steam generator is connected to the pressure vessel via a connecting pipe, and a first branch pipe is provided at a first position of the connecting pipe; the connecting pipe is connected to the collection pool via the first branch pipe, and a first isolation valve and a first rupture valve are sequentially provided on the first branch pipe; the steam outlet of the steam generator is connected to a steam turbine outside the containment vessel via a main steam pipe, the main steam pipe including a first part located inside the containment vessel and a second part located outside the containment vessel; a second branch pipe is provided at a second position of the first part, the main steam pipe is connected to the collection pool via the second branch pipe, and a second isolation valve and a second rupture valve are sequentially provided on the second branch pipe.

[0007] Optionally, the isolation valve is a pneumatic valve.

[0008] Optionally, the first rupture valve is a single-shear cap rupture valve.

[0009] Optionally, the second rupture valve is a double shear cap rupture valve.

[0010] Optionally, the water collection pool is located in the space below the interior of the containment vessel.

[0011] Optionally, the collection tank may contain either boron-containing water or demineralized water.

[0012] Optionally, the water collection tank includes a level sensor, and the inner wall of the water collection tank is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0013] Optionally, the isolation valve includes a solenoid valve, a valve positioner, and an air tank; the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the valve positioner, and the solenoid valve is connected to the air tank through an air inlet pipe; the solenoid valve controls the compressed gas in the air tank to enter or exit the cylinders of the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve according to the instructions of the valve positioner, so as to drive the valve stem of the isolation valve to realize the opening and closing action of the valve.

[0014] Optionally, the isolation valve and the rupture valve are assembled by sealed welding.

[0015] Optionally, a shock-absorbing pad is provided between the water collection tank and the bottom of the containment vessel.

[0016] The emission collection device of this utility model embodiment includes a containment vessel, a collection pool, a pressure vessel, and a steam generator. The collection pool, the pressure vessel, and the steam generator are located inside the containment vessel. The steam inlet of the steam generator is connected to the pressure vessel via a connecting pipe, and a first branch pipe is provided at a first position on the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is connected to the collection pool via the first branch pipe, and a first isolation valve and a first rupture valve are sequentially provided on the first branch pipe. The steam outlet of the steam generator is connected to a steam turbine outside the containment vessel via a main steam pipe, and the main steam pipe includes a first part located inside the containment vessel and a second part located outside the containment vessel. A second branch pipe is provided at a second position on the first part, and the main steam pipe is connected to the collection pool via the second branch pipe. A second isolation valve and a second rupture valve are sequentially provided on the second branch pipe. This device, by installing rupture valves and isolation valves on the connecting pipes and main steam pipes, does not rely on a power source. It can quickly discharge high-pressure media from the pressure vessel, steam generator, connecting pipes, and main steam pipes, achieving rapid pressure reduction, and can make full use of the collection pool inside the containment vessel to effectively collect high-pressure media, thereby improving reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the emission collection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0020] This utility model provides an emission collection device. See also: Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the emission collection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0021] Containment vessel 1, water collection tank 10, pressure vessel 2 and steam generator 3;

[0022] The water collection tank 10, the pressure vessel 2, and the steam generator 3 are located inside the containment vessel 1;

[0023] The steam inlet of the steam generator 3 is connected to the pressure vessel 2 through a connecting pipe 4. A first branch pipe is provided at a first position of the connecting pipe 4. The connecting pipe 4 is connected to the collection pool 10 through the first branch pipe. A first isolation valve 6 and a first burst valve 7 are sequentially provided on the first branch pipe.

[0024] The steam outlet of the steam generator 3 is connected to the steam turbine outside the containment 1 through the main steam pipe 5. The main steam pipe 5 includes a first part located inside the containment 1 and a second part located outside the containment 1. A second branch pipe is provided at the second position of the first part. The main steam pipe 5 is connected to the collection water tank 10 through the second branch pipe. A second isolation valve 8 and a second rupture valve 9 are sequentially provided on the second branch pipe.

[0025] Among them, with Figure 1The distribution of the water collection tank 10, pressure vessel 2, and steam generator 3 within the containment 1 is illustrated by an example. Of course, the water collection tank 10, pressure vessel 2, and steam generator 3 can also be arranged in other relative positions within the containment 1 according to the needs of specific scenarios, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this arrangement. Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the first position can be any position on the connecting pipe 4, and the second position can be any position of the portion of the main steam pipe 5 located within the containment 1; this embodiment of the invention does not limit this arrangement either. Similarly, this embodiment of the invention does not limit the length or specific shape of the first and second portions of the main steam pipe 5. The steam generator 3 produces steam, which enters the steam turbine outside the containment 1 through the main steam pipe 5, driving the turbine blades to rotate, thereby driving the generator to produce electricity, thus realizing the conversion of nuclear energy into electrical energy.

[0026] The aforementioned installation of a first isolation valve 6 and a first rupture valve 7 on the first branch pipe, and a second isolation valve 8 and a second rupture valve 9 on the second branch pipe, is intended to ensure rapid opening of the first rupture valve 7 and the second rupture valve 9 when overpressure occurs in the pressure vessel 2, steam generator 3, and related pipelines (such as connecting pipeline 4 and main steam pipeline 5). Opening the first rupture valve 7 allows high-pressure steam and gas in connecting pipeline 4 to be quickly discharged into the collection pool 10, while opening the second rupture valve 9 discharges high-pressure steam and gas in the main steam pipeline 5 into the collection pool 10. This rapid discharge effectively reduces pressure within the equipment and pipelines, preventing serious consequences such as equipment meltdown and rupture due to overpressure. For example, in the event of an accident such as a reduction in reactor coolant system flow leading to a pressure rise, the rupture valves can open quickly to release the high-pressure medium, preventing further pressure increases that could damage the equipment. The first isolation valve 6 and the second isolation valve 8 can remain normally open during normal operation, ensuring normal heat transfer (such as in connecting pipeline 4) and steam delivery (such as in main steam pipeline 5) of the system. After an accident, when the burst valve opens and the pressure drops to a certain level (such as below the pressure that the safety-grade water injection system can inject), the isolation valve closes. This action isolates the discharged pipeline from other systems, preventing potentially contaminated water or steam in the collection tank 10 from flowing back into the pipeline and equipment, avoiding adverse effects on the operation of subsequent systems. It also helps in the subsequent handling of the accident and the recovery of the system, making the entire process safer and more controllable.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the collection tank 10 can store demineralized water or boron-containing water for firefighting before an accident, and is used to cool the discharged high-temperature steam and gas after an accident. The valves on the first and second branch pipes work in conjunction with the collection tank 10 to discharge high-pressure steam and gas into the collection tank 10 for cooling and collection, so that the discharged medium enters the large free volume space of the containment 1 after being treated by the collection tank 10, and then the heat is discharged from the containment 1 through the safety system, realizing the long-term heat removal of the containment 1.

[0028] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit the particular model, structure, or assembly method of the aforementioned burst valve and isolation valve. For example, the burst valve can be a spring-loaded burst valve, a pilot-operated burst valve, a single-shear cap burst valve, or a double-shear cap burst valve, and the isolation valve can be a pneumatic isolation valve, an electric isolation valve, or a hydraulic isolation valve, etc. Of course, the first burst valve 7 and the second burst valve 9 can be the same burst valve, or different burst valves can be selected according to the needs of the specific scenario. The same applies to the first isolation valve 6 and the second isolation valve 8. This invention does not limit these aspects. Regarding the assembly method of the aforementioned isolation valve and burst valve, flange connection, welding connection, or threaded connection are all acceptable. Different assembly methods do not affect the realization of the basic function of the emission collection device.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, by installing a burst valve and an isolation valve on the connecting pipe 4 and the main steam pipe 5, the high-pressure medium in the pressure vessel 2, steam generator 3, connecting pipe 4, and main steam pipe 5 can be quickly discharged without relying on a power source, thus achieving rapid pressure reduction. At the same time, the collection pool 10 in the containment 1 can be fully utilized to effectively collect the high-pressure medium, thereby improving reliability.

[0030] As an optional implementation, the isolation valve is a pneumatic valve.

[0031] In this embodiment, a pneumatic valve is selected as the isolation valve, powered by compressed gas, and does not rely on an external power source. In the event of a nuclear power plant accident, even in the event of a power outage, it can still operate normally using the compressed gas in the storage tank. For example, when a nuclear power plant experiences natural disasters such as earthquakes or floods that cause partial power system failure, the pneumatic valve can ensure that the pipeline control in the post-accident emission collection device remains unaffected, effectively performing its function and improving the reliability and safety of the entire system in emergency situations. Furthermore, the pneumatic valve has a relatively simple structure. Its main components include a cylinder, piston, valve stem, and valve body, resulting in relatively few potential failure points. Moreover, maintenance mainly involves checking the gas supply system and valve seals, making maintenance relatively easy.

[0032] The present invention does not specifically limit the model of the pneumatic valve. In some optional embodiments, a pneumatic butterfly valve can be used, which has a compact structure, small size, light weight, and is easy to install in pipeline layouts with limited space. The sealing pair of the butterfly valve uses a rubber seal, which has good sealing performance and can effectively prevent steam and gas leakage. Alternatively, a pneumatic ball valve adapted to higher pressure conditions can be used, or a pneumatic diaphragm valve with good corrosion resistance can be used. This type of pneumatic diaphragm valve has reliable sealing performance and can effectively prevent media leakage when closed.

[0033] Alternatively, other types of isolation valves can be used, such as hydraulic isolation valves, electromagnetic isolation valves, or diaphragm isolation valves. Selecting different types of isolation valves does not affect the realization of the basic function of the emission collection device in this utility model embodiment.

[0034] As an optional implementation, the first rupture valve 7 is a single shear cap rupture valve.

[0035] In this embodiment, the single-shear cap rupture valve has a relatively simple structure, with its main components including a valve body, valve cover, shear cap, and cartridge drive device. Compared to a double-shear cap rupture valve, it lacks the complex structure and components associated with the shear cap, making its manufacturing process relatively easier and the production cycle potentially shorter, thus reducing manufacturing costs to some extent. Furthermore, in accident conditions, when the pressure inside the pipeline exceeds a set value, the single-shear cap rupture valve can respond rapidly. The propellant in the cartridge drive device is ignited, generating high-pressure gas that pushes the piston and other components to move, rapidly impacting and shearing the shear cap, opening the valve flow path. Due to its relatively simple structure and short, direct energy transfer path, it can achieve pressure relief more quickly. Since the pressure environment on the connecting pipeline 4 may be lower than that on the main steam pipeline 5, the performance characteristics of the single-shear cap rupture valve can match the operating conditions of the connecting pipeline 4, ensuring pipeline safety while achieving efficient pressure release and media discharge functions.

[0036] Of course, in some alternative implementations, spring-loaded and pilot-operated rupture valves can be used to replace single-shear bonnet rupture valves to achieve the basic functions of rupture valves. A spring-loaded rupture valve consists of a valve body, valve cover, spring, valve core, and rupture disc. During normal operation, the spring force keeps the valve core in the closed position, preventing media flow. When the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the set pressure of the rupture disc, the rupture disc breaks, and the media pressure quickly acts on the valve core, overcoming the spring force and pushing the valve core open, achieving rapid pressure relief. Pilot-operated rupture valves are suitable for high-pressure, high-flow systems, but by adjusting the relevant parameters of the pilot valve and main valve, they can also be used to replace single-shear bonnet rupture valves in some relatively low-pressure environments. For example, the set pressure of the pilot valve can be adjusted to match the opening pressure of the original single-shear bonnet rupture valve. Simultaneously, to improve sealing, auxiliary parts such as metal sealing rings can be added between the main valve core and the valve body, achieving similar pressure relief and sealing effects as single-shear bonnet rupture valves.

[0037] As an optional implementation, the second rupture valve 9 is a double shear cap rupture valve.

[0038] In this implementation, the dual shear cap design provides additional redundancy. Under extreme conditions, if one shear cap fails to open properly for some reason (e.g., manufacturing defects, localized corrosion, or obstruction by foreign objects), the other shear cap still has a high chance of functioning normally, ensuring that the burst valve can open and release pressure as expected. This significantly increases the probability of reliable valve opening at critical moments, ensuring system safety. Furthermore, the dual shear cap design may result in more even force distribution on the valve during opening, reducing instability caused by unilateral shearing. Moreover, the sealing fit between the two shear caps and the valve body is more effective in preventing media leakage compared to a single shear cap. This is crucial for systems with high sealing requirements, reducing the risk of leakage of radioactive materials or high-temperature, high-pressure media.

[0039] Of course, in some optional embodiments, other types of rupture valves can also be used, such as spring-loaded self-closing rupture relief valves. These mainly consist of a valve body, valve disc, spring, and seals. When the pressure inside the container exceeds a preset value, the valve disc opens the rupture port under the push of the spring to release the pressure, and automatically closes after the pressure decreases. Its features include automatic control, high sensitivity, convenient maintenance, and strong adaptability. Alternatively, an adjustable rupture pressure spring-loaded rupture relief valve can be used, where the pressure of the spring on the cover plate is changed by adjusting the bolt, thereby adjusting the preset rupture pressure. Alternatively, a rupture valve of the same type as the first rupture valve 7 can be used. This embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit the specific type of rupture valve.

[0040] As an optional implementation, the water collection pool 10 is located in the space below the interior of the containment vessel 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, the collection pool 10 is located in the lower space inside the containment vessel 1. In the event of an accident, when high-pressure steam and gas from equipment such as the steam generator 3 and main steam pipe 5 are discharged into the collection pool 10 through the rupture valve and isolation valve, the discharged medium can naturally flow into the collection pool 10 under gravity, utilizing the spatial layout inside the containment vessel 1. This natural drainage method does not require additional power equipment to drive the flow of the medium, conforming to the passive design concept and improving the reliability of the system under accident conditions. Furthermore, its location in the lower space inside the containment vessel 1 facilitates natural convection and conduction of heat within the containment vessel 1. The water temperature rises after absorbing heat, and the heat can be further conducted to the walls of the containment vessel 1 through the air or other media inside the containment vessel 1, and then the cooling system of the containment vessel 1 dissipates the heat to the external environment. This layout facilitates heat transfer and dissipation, helping to maintain the temperature balance inside the containment vessel 1. In addition, the space below the interior of the containment 1 is usually reserved in the design. Setting the water collection tank 10 here can make full use of this space resource, avoid occupying too much space in other critical parts of the containment 1, and affect the installation and operation of other equipment, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the space inside the containment 1.

[0042] Of course, in some alternative embodiments, the collection pool 10 can be arranged along the inner wall of the containment vessel 1. For example, it can be designed in a ring or semi-ring shape, surrounding a portion of the interior of the containment vessel 1; the collection pool 10 can also be arranged in the corner space inside the containment vessel 1. It can be designed in a polygonal shape (such as a triangle, quadrilateral, etc.) to better adapt to the geometry of the corners, etc. Different arrangements and shapes of the collection pool 10 do not affect the realization of the basic function of the discharge collection device in this utility model.

[0043] As an optional implementation, the collection tank 10 may contain either boron-containing water or demineralized water.

[0044] In this embodiment, boron-containing water possesses the property of absorbing neutrons. During a nuclear power plant accident, radioactive materials may leak, potentially including neutrons. Boron-containing water can absorb these neutrons, reducing the radiation hazards and further improving the safety of the nuclear power plant after an accident. This property makes the application of boron-containing water particularly important in some critical areas of the nuclear power plant (such as near the reactor). Using boron-containing water in the collection pool 10 can also provide some degree of auxiliary protection. Demineralized water has high chemical stability and is almost free of impurities. This ensures that it will not react chemically with various media (such as steam and gases) discharged into the collection pool 10, preventing the formation of new harmful substances. It can maintain a relatively stable chemical environment within the collection pool 10, which is beneficial for the treatment of discharged media and potential subsequent recycling. Simultaneously, the chemical stability of demineralized water also helps extend the service life of the collection pool 10 and related equipment, reducing equipment damage caused by chemical corrosion and other reasons. Both boron-containing water and demineralized water have good thermal conductivity. After an accident, when high-pressure steam and gas from equipment such as steam generator 3 and main steam pipeline 5 are discharged into the collection tank 10, the water in the tank absorbs the heat from this high-temperature steam and gas, causing the steam to condense rapidly into water and the gas temperature to decrease. This helps to lower the temperature inside containment 1, preventing excessive temperature from damaging containment 1 and its internal equipment, and also facilitates subsequent heat removal and treatment. Furthermore, both boron-containing water and demineralized water have relatively mild physical and chemical properties, exhibiting less corrosiveness to collection tank 10 and connected pipes, valves, and other equipment. This helps reduce equipment maintenance costs and replacement frequency, improving equipment operating efficiency and reliability.

[0045] Of course, in some alternative embodiments, the collection tank 10 may also include other liquids to achieve cooling and absorption effects, such as heavy water (D2O), which has a certain ability to absorb neutrons. Although its neutron absorption cross-section is smaller than that of boron, it can still absorb neutrons to a certain extent, reducing the radiation hazards of neutrons. Alternatively, a lithium salt solution can be used. Lithium has a high neutron absorption cross-section, and lithium in the lithium salt solution can absorb neutrons, reducing the radiation hazards of neutrons. At the same time, the lithium salt solution has certain thermal conductivity and can absorb heat. For example, aqueous solutions of some lithium salts (such as lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, etc.) will increase in temperature after absorbing heat, thereby achieving cooling of high-temperature steam and gas.

[0046] As an optional implementation, the water collection tank 10 includes a liquid level sensor, and the inner wall of the water collection tank 10 is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0047] In this embodiment, the level sensor can monitor the water level in the collection pool 10 in real time. Under normal operation of the nuclear power plant, the demineralized water or boron-containing water in the pool can be replenished in a timely manner based on the data from the level sensor, ensuring that the pool has sufficient water to cope with possible accidents. After an accident, the level sensor can be used to understand the absorption and cooling of high-temperature steam and gas in the pool, and determine whether further measures are needed, such as increasing cooling measures or adjusting the discharge strategy. In some optional embodiments, the level sensor can issue an alarm in a timely manner when it detects an abnormal rise or fall in the water level. An abnormal rise in the water level may be due to excessive steam and gas discharged into the pool, exceeding the pool's normal capacity, which may cause the pool to overflow and damage other equipment inside containment 1. An abnormal fall in the water level may be due to leakage or other reasons causing water loss, which will affect the pool's cooling and absorption functions and reduce the safety of the nuclear power plant after an accident. Timely alarms allow operators to take rapid measures to prevent further deterioration of the accident.

[0048] Because the water collection tank 10 may come into contact with various corrosive media, such as steam emitted into it which may contain trace amounts of corrosive components, and some chemicals that may be generated during long-term use, the anti-corrosion coating can form a protective film on the inner wall of the tank, preventing these corrosive media from directly contacting the inner metal wall, thereby effectively preventing corrosion of the inner wall. This helps extend the service life of the water collection tank 10, reduce the frequency of repairs and replacements, and lower maintenance costs.

[0049] In this embodiment, the material type of the anti-corrosion coating is not specifically limited. Epoxy resin with good adhesion and chemical corrosion resistance can be used, and it can be used in combination with various curing agents to form a tough coating. Polyurethane coating or ceramic coating can also be used. As for the specific structure and assembly position of the liquid level sensor, this embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited, as long as it can realize the function of measuring the water level height in the collection pool 10.

[0050] Furthermore, the absence of the aforementioned liquid level sensor and anti-corrosion coating does not affect the realization of the basic functions of the emission collection device in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] As an optional implementation, the isolation valve includes a solenoid valve, a valve positioner, and an air tank; the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the valve positioner, and the solenoid valve is connected to the air tank through an air inlet pipe; the solenoid valve controls the compressed gas in the air tank to enter or exit the cylinders of the first isolation valve 6 and the second isolation valve 8 according to the instructions of the valve positioner, so as to drive the valve stem of the isolation valve to realize the opening and closing action of the valve.

[0052] In this embodiment, the isolation valve utilizes a cylinder as an actuator, enabling rapid opening or closing of the valve within a short time. When equipment such as the reactor pressure vessel 2, steam generator 3, and related pipelines experience overpressure, the pneumatic valve can respond quickly, opening or closing promptly to rapidly adjust the flow state of the medium within the pipeline. Through the coordinated operation of accessories such as valve positioners and solenoid valves, on / off or proportional regulation can be achieved. The valve positioner can precisely control the valve opening based on signals from the control system, allowing the isolation valve to accurately adjust the flow rate of steam or gas in the pipeline according to actual needs. The isolation valve employs a passive design, using compressed gas from a gas storage tank as a power source to drive its operation. During normal operation, the gas storage tank maintains a certain gas pressure reserve. Even in emergencies such as power outages at the nuclear power plant, since no external power source is needed to directly drive the valve (only the valve positioner requires a small amount of electrical energy for signal transmission), the isolation valve can still operate normally relying on the compressed gas in the gas storage tank. In facilities like nuclear power plants with extremely high safety requirements, this passive design greatly improves system reliability. Furthermore, because compressed gas is used as power, the gas action within the cylinder can quickly push the valve stem. Upon receiving an open or close signal from the valve positioner, the solenoid valve actuates rapidly, allowing compressed gas to quickly enter or exit the cylinder. Compared to some valves that rely on liquid actuation or manual operation, the compressibility and rapid flow characteristics of gas enable the isolation valve to complete the opening or closing action in a short time.

[0053] In some alternative implementations, the isolation valve can also employ other structures, such as a floating ball structure. After receiving a signal from the air source, the pneumatic actuator drives the valve stem to rotate the ball. In the fully open state, the ball's orifice aligns with the flow direction in the pipeline, allowing unobstructed fluid flow. In the fully closed state, the ball's rotation aligns the orifice with the flow direction, cutting off the fluid. The valve positioner precisely controls the direction and flow rate of the air source entering the cylinder based on signals from the control system, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the ball valve opening to meet the flow control requirements under different operating conditions. Alternatively, a rotating butterfly plate can be used. When compressed air is supplied, the piston inside the pneumatic actuator drives the valve stem, causing the butterfly plate to rotate. When the butterfly plate rotates to be parallel to the fluid flow direction, the valve opens, allowing smooth fluid flow; when it rotates to be perpendicular to the flow direction, the valve closes, cutting off the fluid. By adjusting the air source pressure and the signal from the valve positioner, proportional adjustment of the butterfly valve opening can be achieved, thereby controlling the flow rate. Different internal structures of isolation valves do not affect the realization of the basic function of the emission collection device in this utility model embodiment. This utility model embodiment does not limit the specific internal structure of the isolation valve, as long as it can realize the basic function of the isolation valve.

[0054] As an optional implementation, the isolation valve and the rupture valve are assembled by sealed welding.

[0055] In this embodiment, during the welding process, the welding material (such as welding rod or welding wire) fuses with the valve and pipe materials being welded, forming a unified sealed structure. Compared with other connection methods (such as flange connections using gasket seals), sealed welding eliminates the risk of leakage due to gasket aging, loosening, or damage. The connection formed by sealed welding has long-term stability and will not loosen due to factors such as pipe vibration, thermal expansion, or contraction. The welded structure can effectively resist the influence of these external factors, maintaining the tightness of the connection between the valve and the pipe; at the same time, the sealed welding connection method forms a closed whole between the valve and the pipe, making it difficult for external impurities, dust, moisture, etc., to enter the connection area.

[0056] Of course, in some alternative implementations, other assembly methods may also be used, such as flange connection, threaded connection or grooved connection.

[0057] In some alternative embodiments, a shock-absorbing pad is provided between the water collection tank 10 and the bottom of the containment vessel 1.

[0058] In this embodiment, during the operation of a nuclear power plant, especially under accident conditions such as earthquakes, water hammer caused by pipe ruptures, or other potential vibration-generating events, the containment 1 and its internal equipment will be subjected to strong impacts and vibrations. A vibration damping pad, located between the collection pool 10 and the bottom of the containment 1, effectively absorbs and buffers these vibrations. Utilizing its own elastic material properties, when the collection pool 10 is subjected to upward or downward impact forces, the damping pad undergoes elastic deformation, converting some of the impact energy into elastic potential energy for storage, and then slowly releasing it, thereby reducing the impact force transmitted to the bottom of the containment 1. For the collection pool 10 itself, the damping pad protects its structural integrity. Strong vibrations may cause cracks in the pool walls or loosening of connecting parts; the damping pad reduces this risk, ensuring that the collection pool 10 can properly perform its function of collecting and containing the medium. For the containment 1, reducing the transmission of vibrations from the direction of the collection pool 10 helps maintain the overall structural stability of the containment 1.

[0059] The present invention does not specifically limit the type, material, and specific shape of the aforementioned shock-absorbing pads. For example, rubber is a commonly used shock-absorbing material with good elasticity and damping properties. Both natural rubber and synthetic rubber (such as nitrile rubber and neoprene rubber) can be used to make shock-absorbing pads; spring shock-absorbing pads can also be used. When the water collection tank 10 vibrates, the spring in the spring shock-absorbing pad will stretch and deform, and the impact force generated by the vibration will be offset by the elastic restoring force. In order to prevent the spring from losing stability when it is overstretched, a guide device can be installed on the outside of the spring. The guide device is usually composed of a metal rod or sleeve, which can limit the direction of spring stretching and ensuring that the spring works stably in the vertical direction.

[0060] In this invention, the emission collection device includes a containment vessel 1, a collection tank 10, a pressure vessel 2, and a steam generator 3. The collection tank 10, the pressure vessel 2, and the steam generator 3 are located inside the containment vessel 1. The steam inlet of the steam generator 3 is connected to the pressure vessel 2 via a connecting pipe 4, and a first branch pipe is provided at a first position on the connecting pipe 4. The connecting pipe 4 is connected to the collection tank 10 via the first branch pipe, and a first isolation valve 6 and a first rupture valve 7 are sequentially provided on the first branch pipe. The steam outlet of the steam generator 3 is connected to a steam turbine outside the containment vessel 1 via a main steam pipe 5. The main steam pipe 5 includes a first part located inside the containment vessel 1 and a second part located outside the containment vessel 1. A second branch pipe is provided at a second position on the first part, and the main steam pipe 5 is connected to the collection tank 10 via the second branch pipe. A second isolation valve 8 and a second rupture valve 9 are sequentially provided on the second branch pipe. This device, by installing rupture valves and isolation valves on the connecting pipe 4 and the main steam pipe 5, does not rely on a power source. It can quickly discharge the high-pressure medium in the pressure vessel 2, steam generator 3, connecting pipe 4, and main steam pipe 5, achieving rapid pressure reduction, and can make full use of the collection pool 10 in the containment 1 to effectively collect the high-pressure medium, thereby improving reliability.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this utility model is not limited to the specific combination of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this utility model.

[0062] Apart from the technical features described in the specification, the other technical features are known to those skilled in the art. To highlight the innovative features of this utility model, the other technical features will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. An emission collection device, characterized in that, include: Containment vessel, water collection pool, pressure vessel, and steam generator; The water collection tank, the pressure vessel, and the steam generator are located inside the containment building; The steam inlet of the steam generator is connected to the pressure vessel via a connecting pipe, and a first branch pipe is provided at a first position of the connecting pipe; the connecting pipe is connected to the collection pool via the first branch pipe, and a first isolation valve and a first rupture valve are sequentially provided on the first branch pipe. The steam outlet of the steam generator is connected to the steam turbine outside the containment via a main steam pipe. The main steam pipe includes a first part located inside the containment and a second part located outside the containment. A second branch pipe is provided at a second position of the first part. The main steam pipe is connected to the collection pool via the second branch pipe. A second isolation valve and a second rupture valve are sequentially provided on the second branch pipe.

2. The emission collection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation valve is a pneumatic valve.

3. The emission collection device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first rupture valve is a single-shear cap rupture valve.

4. The emission collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The second rupture valve is a double shear cap rupture valve.

5. The emission collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The water collection tank is located in the space below the interior of the containment vessel.

6. The emission collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The collection tank contains either boron-containing water or demineralized water.

7. The emission collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The water collection tank includes a level sensor, and the inner wall of the water collection tank is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

8. The emission collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The isolation valve includes a solenoid valve, a valve positioner, and an air tank; the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the valve positioner, and the solenoid valve is connected to the air tank through an air inlet pipe. The solenoid valve controls the compressed gas in the air tank to enter or exit the cylinders of the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve according to the instructions of the valve positioner, so as to drive the valve stem of the isolation valve to realize the opening and closing action of the valve.

9. The emission collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The isolation valve and the rupture valve are assembled using sealed welding.

10. The emission collection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A shock-absorbing pad is provided between the water collection tank and the bottom of the containment vessel.

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