Battery heating system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery heating system, which comprises a high-voltage-to-low-voltage circuit, a temperature management module, a battery temperature acquisition module and a main control module, the corresponding end of the high-voltage-to-low-voltage circuit is electrically connected with the corresponding end of the temperature management module. The corresponding end of the main control module is electrically connected with the corresponding end of a temperature management module and the corresponding end of a battery temperature acquisition module. The temperature management module comprises a heating control circuit and an external temperature acquisition circuit; corresponding ends of the heating control circuit and the external temperature acquisition circuit are electrically connected with corresponding ends of the main control module respectively; wherein the external temperature acquisition circuit is used for acquiring the external temperature of the battery, and the battery temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the internal temperature of the battery. Through the built-in temperature detection circuit, the external temperature detection circuit and the master control module, power supplies are reasonably distributed, the inside and the outside of the battery are ensured to be used in a reliable temperature range, the risk of overheating or low-temperature damage of the battery is avoided, and the safety of the system is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery heating technology, and in particular to a battery heating system. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of battery technology in various applications, especially in electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, and industrial equipment, battery performance in low-temperature environments has become a crucial consideration. Low temperatures significantly affect battery discharge capacity and charging efficiency, and may even lead to performance degradation or damage. Therefore, battery heating systems have become a key technology to ensure the normal operation of batteries under low-temperature conditions.

[0003] However, existing battery heating technologies have several problems that limit the maximization of battery performance and the improvement of safety. Specifically, the drawbacks of existing technologies include:

[0004] Insufficient thermal efficiency: Many existing battery heating systems use direct contact heating methods, which often result in uneven heat distribution throughout the battery. Because heat is concentrated near the contact points, some areas of the battery may overheat while others remain at low temperatures. This not only reduces overall thermal efficiency but can also lead to uneven battery performance and shortened lifespan.

[0005] Inaccurate temperature control: Existing battery heating systems often lack precise temperature feedback mechanisms, making it impossible to monitor and adjust battery temperature in real time. This inaccuracy in temperature control may cause the battery to exceed its safe operating temperature during heating, increasing the risk of overheating, expansion, and even fire, seriously affecting battery safety and reliability.

[0006] Design complexity and cost issues: Some existing heating systems are complex in design, requiring multiple components and complex circuit control, which not only increases the manufacturing cost of the system, but also increases the failure rate and maintenance difficulty of the system.

[0007] Poor environmental adaptability: Many existing battery heating systems can only work effectively within a limited temperature range and are poorly adaptable to extreme low-temperature environments, limiting their application in low-temperature environments such as outdoors or high-latitude regions.

[0008] Battery damage risk: Due to the lack of effective heat insulation and heat equalization measures, existing systems may cause local overheating or thermal shock to the battery during the heating process, increasing the risk of battery damage.

[0009] These problems not only limit the battery's performance in low-temperature environments, but also threaten the battery's safety and lifespan. Utility Model Content

[0010] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a battery heating system.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0012] This utility model provides a battery heating system, including: a high-voltage to low-voltage circuit, a temperature management module, a battery temperature acquisition module, and a main control module;

[0013] The corresponding terminal of the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal of the temperature management module;

[0014] The main control module is also electrically connected to the temperature management module and the battery temperature acquisition module respectively.

[0015] The temperature management module includes a heating control circuit and an external temperature acquisition circuit; the corresponding terminals of the heating control circuit and the external temperature acquisition circuit are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the main control module.

[0016] The external temperature acquisition circuit is used to acquire the external temperature of the battery, the battery temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the internal temperature of the battery, and the heating control circuit is used to heat the battery.

[0017] The main control module is used to control the heating control circuit to heat the battery based on the temperature inside and outside the battery.

[0018] Preferably, the battery heating system further includes a power interface, the corresponding end of which is electrically connected to the corresponding end of the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit;

[0019] The power interface is used to connect to an external power source, including a solar power source, a 12V external adapter, and a 5V external power adapter.

[0020] Preferably, the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit includes a high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit and a low-voltage LDO circuit electrically connected to the corresponding terminal of the high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit.

[0021] The high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit includes a step-down converter chip U3 and its peripheral circuits. The step-down converter chip U3 is used to convert the voltage input from the power interface into 4.5V to power the circuit.

[0022] The low-voltage LDO circuit includes a step-down chip U4 and its peripheral circuits. The step-down chip U4 is used to convert the input 4.5V voltage to 3.3V to power the circuit.

[0023] Preferably, the buck converter chip U3 is model STI3427 and the buck converter chip U4 is model ME6211C3.3V.

[0024] Preferably, the main control module includes a main control circuit, which includes an MCU and its peripheral circuits, and the MCU is model GD32L32XX.

[0025] Preferably, the heating control circuit includes capacitors C12, C13, C14, and C15, resistors R22 and R24, a constant current chip U2, an inductor L1, and a graphite heating element (RV1).

[0026] The first pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of resistor R24 ​​and the graphite heating element, respectively, and the second end of resistor R24 ​​is grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of resistor R22 and the corresponding end of the MCU, respectively, and the second end of resistor R22 is grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C12 and capacitor C14, respectively, and the second end of capacitor C12 is electrically connected to the second end of capacitor C14 and grounded; the fifth pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C13 and inductor L1, respectively, and the second end of capacitor C13 is electrically connected to the sixth pin of the constant current chip U2; the first end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C15 and the second end of the graphite heating element, respectively; the second end of capacitor C15 is grounded.

[0027] Preferably, the inner wall of the graphite heating element is provided with an aluminum heat spreader, and the outer surface is provided with an insulating sheet; the constant current chip U2 is model SY8718A.

[0028] Preferably, the external temperature acquisition circuit includes a thermistor NTC1 and a resistor R19; the thermistor NTC1 is electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU and the resistor R19.

[0029] Preferably, the battery temperature acquisition module includes a battery temperature acquisition circuit, which includes a fuel gauge and an NTC resistor; the corresponding terminals of the fuel gauge are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the NTC resistor and the MCU, respectively.

[0030] Preferably, the model of the fuel meter is SH366002.

[0031] The technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] Enhanced safety: This system uses built-in and external temperature detection circuits and an MCU to rationally allocate power and ensure that the battery's internal and external temperatures are within a reliable range, avoiding the risk of battery overheating or low-temperature damage and significantly improving system safety. The system is controlled by an MCU, which can adjust the heating strategy in real time according to the temperature inside and outside the battery, realizing intelligent temperature control and improving the system's response speed and control accuracy.

[0033] Improved thermal efficiency: This system, through the coordinated operation of a high-voltage to low-voltage circuit, a temperature management module, and a battery temperature acquisition module, heats the battery cells to above 0°C in low-temperature conditions before charging, ensuring that the battery can be charged using an external power source even in continuously low-temperature scenarios, thus improving energy utilization efficiency; by heating the battery to a suitable temperature before charging, the charging efficiency is improved and the charging time is reduced.

[0034] This system incorporates an aluminum heat spreader on the inner wall of the graphite heating element and an insulating sheet on the outside, enabling the heating element to perform heating, insulation, and heat spreader functions. This maximizes heating efficiency, avoids heat loss in low-temperature environments, and improves system energy efficiency. Simultaneously, it avoids the risk of localized overheating of the battery's external surface, protecting the battery from overheating damage. By employing external heating, combined with heating element heating, insulating sheet insulation, and aluminum heat spreader heat spreader, the battery can be heated more evenly, avoiding the uneven heat distribution problems caused by traditional direct contact heating methods. This improves battery performance and lifespan in low-temperature environments.

[0035] The components and design methods used in this system are low-cost, while ensuring the system's stability and reliability, making it suitable for large-scale production and application, and reducing the user's operating costs.

[0036] Extending battery life: By precisely controlling the heating process and maintaining a suitable operating temperature, this system can effectively extend the battery's lifespan and reduce battery performance degradation and shortened lifespan caused by abnormal temperatures.

[0037] Improved system adaptability: This system is suitable for various power inputs, including solar power, 12V external adapter, 5V external adapter, etc., which improves the system's adaptability and flexibility.

[0038] In summary, the battery heating system solution provided by this application has significant improvements and advantages in terms of improving thermal efficiency, enhancing safety, reducing costs, improving charging efficiency, extending battery life, improving system adaptability, intelligent temperature control, reducing heat loss, and avoiding the risk of local temperature exceeding limits. It provides a reliable, safe, and efficient solution for the application of batteries in low-temperature environments. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a circuit design block diagram of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the main control module of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature management module of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the battery temperature acquisition module of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the graphite heating element of this utility model, in which an aluminum heat spreader is added to the inner wall and an insulating sheet of 1 mm thickness is added to the outer perimeter. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This utility model provides a battery heating system, including: a high-voltage to low-voltage circuit 100, a temperature management module 200, a battery temperature acquisition module 400, and a main control module 300.

[0051] The corresponding terminal of the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit 100 is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal of the temperature management module 200;

[0052] The main control module 300 is also electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the temperature management module 200 and the battery temperature acquisition module 400, respectively.

[0053] The temperature management module 200 includes a heating control circuit 201 and an external temperature acquisition circuit 202; the corresponding terminals of the heating control circuit 201 and the external temperature acquisition circuit 202 are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the main control module 300.

[0054] The external temperature acquisition circuit 202 is used to acquire the external temperature of the battery, the battery temperature acquisition module 400 is used to acquire the internal temperature of the battery, and the heating control circuit 201 is used to heat the battery.

[0055] The main control module 300 is used to control the heating control circuit 201 to heat the battery according to the temperature inside and outside the battery.

[0056] Furthermore, the battery heating system also includes a power interface 500, the corresponding end of which is electrically connected to the corresponding end of the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit 200; the power interface 500 is used to connect to an external power source, including a solar power source, a 12V external adapter, and a 5V external power adapter, to provide the power required by the system and ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0057] Furthermore, the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit 100 includes a high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit 101 and a low-voltage LDO circuit 102 electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit 101. The high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit 101 includes a step-down converter chip U3 and its peripheral circuits. The step-down converter chip U3 is used to convert the voltage input from the power interface into 4.5V to power the circuit. The high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit 101 is composed of capacitor C16, capacitor C17, resistor R23, step-down converter chip U3, capacitor C11, resistor R26, resistor R27, resistor R28, inductor L3, capacitor C18, capacitor C19, capacitor C20, capacitor C21, and capacitor C23. This circuit mainly uses the step-down converter chip U3 to convert the input high voltage into low voltage 4.5V to power the subsequent system. The low-voltage LDO circuit 102 includes a step-down chip U4 and its peripheral circuits. The step-down chip U4 is used to convert the input 4.5V voltage to 3.3V to power the circuit. The step-down converter chip U3 is model STI3427, and the step-down chip U4 is model ME6211C3.3V. The low-voltage LDO circuit 102 is composed of diode D1, diode D2, capacitor C22, capacitor C24, capacitor C25, capacitor C27, capacitor C28, resistor R25, and step-down chip U4. The high-voltage to low-voltage circuit 100 converts the input high-voltage DC power of the entire power supply into a stable low-voltage DC circuit to power the circuit.

[0058] Furthermore, the main control module 300 includes a main control circuit, which includes an MCU and its peripheral circuits. The MCU is model GD32L32XX. The MCU uses (GD32L32XX) to realize external temperature acquisition and internal battery temperature acquisition, as well as control the heating of the electric heating circuit to ensure battery safety.

[0059] Furthermore, the heating control circuit 201 includes capacitors C12, C13, C14, and C15, resistors R22 and R24, a constant current chip U2, an inductor L1, and a graphite heating element RV1.

[0060] The first pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R24 ​​and graphite heating element RV1, respectively, and the second terminal of resistor R24 ​​is grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R22 and the corresponding terminal of the MCU, respectively, and the second terminal of resistor R22 is grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of capacitor C12 and capacitor C14, respectively, and the second terminal of capacitor C12 and the second terminal of capacitor C14 are electrically connected and grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R24 ​​and graphite heating element RV1, respectively, and the second terminal of capacitor C14 is electrically connected and grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of resistor R24 ​​and graphite heating element RV1, respectively, and the second terminal of the graphite heating element RV1 ... Pin 5 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C13 and inductor L1 respectively. The second end of capacitor C13 is electrically connected to pin 6 of constant current chip U2. The first end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C15 and the second end of graphite heating element RV1 respectively. The second end of capacitor C15 is grounded. In this embodiment, U2 uses constant current chip SY8718A and RV1 uses graphite heating element with an impedance of 20Ω (power 5W). The current flows to the graphite heating element through constant current chip U2 to heat the battery.

[0061] Furthermore, to avoid direct contact between the graphite heating element 66 and the battery, a 0.1mm thick aluminum heat spreader 77 is added to the inner wall of the graphite heating element 66, and a 1mm thick insulating sheet 55 is added to the outer periphery of the graphite sheet. The main function of the aluminum heat spreader 77 is to evenly distribute heat. Due to the high thermal conductivity of aluminum, it can quickly disperse concentrated heat to a larger area, thereby avoiding local overheating and improving heating efficiency. The aluminum heat spreader can also act as a physical barrier to protect the battery from heat damage that may be caused by direct contact with the graphite heating element, reducing the risk of battery damage due to direct contact with the heating element. The 1mm thick insulating sheet can prevent electrical short circuits between the battery and the graphite heating element 66, ensuring electrical safety between the battery and the heating system. At the same time, the insulating sheet can withstand high temperatures, protecting the battery from damage due to overheating during the heating process, thus playing a role in heat insulation and extending the service life of the battery and the heating system. By adding an aluminum heat spreader 77 to the inner wall of the graphite heating element 66 and adding an insulating sheet 55 to the outside, heat can be effectively dispersed, improving heating efficiency and uniformity. It can also ensure the electrical safety and physical protection of the battery, enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire battery heating system.

[0062] Furthermore, the external temperature acquisition circuit 202 includes a thermistor NTC1 and a resistor R19. The thermistor NTC1 is electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU and the resistor R19. The external temperature acquisition circuit 202 is used to acquire temperature information outside the battery so that the main control module 300 can monitor the temperature of the external environment of the battery. The NTC1 uses an NTC resistor of model SDNT1608X103F435FT3F-R, and temperature acquisition is achieved through a voltage divider resistor. According to the characteristics of the NTC resistor, the resistance is 71.78K at -20℃, and the voltage is 1.65V; the resistance is 27.80K at 0℃, and the voltage is 2.4V; and the resistance is 4.13K at 50℃, and the voltage is 3.13V.

[0063] Furthermore, the battery temperature acquisition module 400 includes a battery temperature acquisition circuit, which includes a fuel gauge and an NTC resistor. The corresponding terminals of the fuel gauge are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the NTC resistor and the MCU, respectively. The fuel gauge is model SH366002. The fuel gauge and the NTC resistor are used to monitor the internal temperature of the battery to ensure that the battery operates within a safe temperature range and to ensure safer battery use.

[0064] Working principle of this utility model:

[0065] This design utilizes an external power supply to operate the system, while a heating control module 201 heats the battery, providing a maximum power of 5W. In low-temperature conditions, it activates the battery from a low-temperature state to above 0°C. Temperature is detected by an external temperature acquisition circuit 202 and an internal battery temperature acquisition module 400. The MCU controls the power and duration of the heating control module 201. When the MCU detects that the internal battery temperature is below 0°C, it outputs a high level through pin PB3 (ISET signal), activating the heating circuit of the heating control module 201 to heat the battery. The MCU monitors the heating temperature in real-time via the external temperature detection pin PA4 (NTC_DET) and adjusts the PWM output to control the maximum heating temperature below 50°C, ensuring battery safety. Internal temperature monitoring is also conducted in real-time during the heating process. When the MCU detects a temperature exceeding 10°C, it reduces the heating power. By monitoring both internal and external temperatures, and utilizing external power for battery heating while simultaneously charging the battery in low-temperature environments, the system ensures a reasonable power distribution.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery heating system, characterized in that, include: High-voltage to low-voltage circuit, temperature management module, battery temperature acquisition module, main control module; The corresponding terminal of the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal of the temperature management module; The main control module is also electrically connected to the temperature management module and the battery temperature acquisition module respectively. The temperature management module includes a heating control circuit and an external temperature acquisition circuit; the corresponding terminals of the heating control circuit and the external temperature acquisition circuit are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the main control module. The external temperature acquisition circuit is used to acquire the external temperature of the battery, the battery temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the internal temperature of the battery, and the heating control circuit is used to heat the battery. The main control module is used to control the heating control circuit to heat the battery based on the temperature inside and outside the battery.

2. The battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery heating system also includes a power interface, and the corresponding end of the power interface is electrically connected to the corresponding end of the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit. The power interface is used to connect to an external power source, including a solar power source, a 12V external adapter, and a 5V external power adapter.

3. The battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage to low-voltage circuit includes a high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit and a low-voltage LDO circuit electrically connected to the corresponding terminal of the high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit. The high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC circuit includes a step-down converter chip U3 and its peripheral circuits. The step-down converter chip U3 is used to convert the voltage input from the power interface into 4.5V to power the circuit. The low-voltage LDO circuit includes a step-down chip U4 and its peripheral circuits. The step-down chip U4 is used to convert the input 4.5V voltage to 3.3V to power the circuit.

4. The battery heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buck converter chip U3 is model STI3427, and the buck converter chip U4 is model ME6211C3.3V.

5. The battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module includes a main control circuit, which includes an MCU and its peripheral circuits. The MCU is model GD32L32XX.

6. The battery heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating control circuit includes capacitors C12, C13, C14, and C15, resistors R22 and R24, a constant current chip U2, an inductor L1, and a graphite heating element RV1. The first pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of resistor R24 ​​and the graphite heating element, respectively, and the second end of resistor R24 ​​is grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of resistor R22 and the corresponding end of the MCU, respectively, and the second end of resistor R22 is grounded; the second pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C12 and capacitor C14, respectively, and the second end of capacitor C12 is electrically connected to the second end of capacitor C14 and grounded; the fifth pin of the constant current chip U2 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C13 and inductor L1, respectively, and the second end of capacitor C13 is electrically connected to the sixth pin of the constant current chip U2; the first end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first end of capacitor C15 and the second end of the graphite heating element, respectively; the second end of capacitor C15 is grounded.

7. The battery heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The graphite heating element has an aluminum heat spreader on its inner wall and an insulating sheet on its outer periphery; the constant current chip U2 is model SY8718A.

8. The battery heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The external temperature acquisition circuit includes a thermistor NTC1 and a resistor R19; the thermistor NTC1 is electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the MCU and the resistor R19.

9. The battery heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery temperature acquisition module includes a battery temperature acquisition circuit, which includes a fuel gauge and an NTC resistor; the corresponding terminals of the fuel gauge are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the NTC resistor and the MCU, respectively.

10. The battery heating system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The model number of the fuel meter is SH366002.

Images