Three-way valve with pressure selection function, electronic injection system and multi-cylinder engine

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-way valve with a pressure selection function, an electronic injection system and a multi-cylinder engine, and relates to the field of electronic control fuel injection. The three-way valve comprises a shell, a medium inflow channel A, a medium inflow channel B and a medium outflow channel are arranged in the shell, and a valve element, a valve seat and an elastic piece are arranged between the medium inflow channel A and the medium inflow channel B. According to the utility model, one fuel pressure regulator can provide fuel pressure regulation for fuel injection of the two cylinders, on one hand, the configuration number of the fuel pressure regulators is reduced exponentially, and the adverse effect of dispersion difference of the fuel pressure regulators on an engine is reduced; and secondly, the fuel injection pressure and the fuel injection quantity of the two cylinders connected with the three-way valve can be ensured to be consistent. According to the utility model, the problems of uneven combustion, insufficient power, overlarge vibration, uneven cooling and the like of an engine caused by large dispersion difference of opening pressure of a fuel pressure regulator in the prior art are solved, and the service life of the engine is effectively prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model discloses a three-way valve with pressure selection function, electronic injection system and multi-cylinder engine, relates to electric control fuel injection technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, electric control fuel injection system (hereinafter referred to as electronic injection system) is widely used in the field of internal combustion engine including piston aeroengine. The cycle injection quantity of electronic injection system is adjusted by the time of ECU (engine control unit) controlling the opening of injector, in order to ensure the consistency of injection quantity, which requires that the injection pressure of injector and the pressure difference of back pressure in combustion chamber, air passage and other parts are always constant. In the electronic injection system, fuel pressure regulator is usually used to keep the constant pressure difference. Fuel pressure regulator has oil inlet hole and oil return hole communicated with oil supply system, air hole communicated with combustion chamber, and spring sliding core structure similar to pressure reducing valve, which can change fuel pressure with the change of combustion chamber back pressure, and always keep the constant pressure difference.

[0003] For multi-cylinder engine, each piston in each cylinder has its own stroke, and the problem of multi-point back pressure asynchronization will occur, so each cylinder needs to be independently configured with a fuel pressure regulator. The existing problem is that due to the manufacturing process, the opening pressure of each fuel pressure regulator has a large dispersion, which will actually cause the difference of fuel injection pressure and injection quantity between each cylinder, resulting in a series of problems such as uneven combustion, insufficient power, excessive vibration, uneven cooling and so on. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background art, the utility model discloses a three-way valve with pressure selection function, which aims to alleviate the problems of uneven combustion, insufficient power, excessive vibration and uneven cooling of engine caused by large dispersion of opening pressure of fuel pressure regulator in the prior art.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A three-way valve with pressure selection function, comprising a shell, a medium inflow channel A, a medium inflow channel B and a medium outflow channel are arranged in the shell, wherein the medium outflow channel is communicated with the end of the medium inflow channel A and the medium inflow channel B respectively;

[0007] The valve core, valve seat and elastic member are arranged between the medium inflow channel A and the medium inflow channel B, when the medium pressure in the medium inflow channel A is greater than the medium pressure in the medium inflow channel B, the valve core moves to the side of the medium inflow channel B to block the medium inflow channel B; when the medium pressure in the medium inflow channel B is greater than the medium pressure in the medium inflow channel A, the valve core moves to the side of the medium inflow channel A to block the medium inflow channel A.

[0008] The elastic member is an elastic diaphragm, the elastic diaphragm is fixed around and suspended in the middle; the valve core is two, and the two valve cores are fixed on the two sides of the elastic diaphragm.

[0009] The shell is composed of multiple parts.

[0010] The shell is composed of a valve cover, an upper shell and a lower shell, the medium outflow channel is located in the valve cover, the medium inflow channel A is located in the upper shell, the medium inflow channel B is located in the lower shell, and the valve core and the elastic member are arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell.

[0011] The electric injection system comprises a three-way valve and a fuel pressure regulator, and the medium outflow channel of the three-way valve is communicated with the vent hole of the fuel pressure regulator.

[0012] The multi-cylinder engine comprises a three-way valve and a fuel pressure regulator, and the medium inflow channel A and the medium inflow channel B of the three-way valve are respectively communicated with two cylinders in the multi-cylinder engine through pipelines, and the two cylinders are 180 degrees different in crank angle.

[0013] The multi-cylinder engine is a two-stroke multi-cylinder engine.

[0014] After the above technical scheme is implemented, compared with the background art, the beneficial effects are as follows:

[0015] The three-way valve has a three-way structure with two inlets and one outlet, and is different from the existing three-way valve in that the three-way valve does not need external force, and can only rely on the pressure difference between media to close one way of medium while opening another way of medium, and plays a role of pressure selective switch.

[0016] The three-way valve can make one fuel pressure regulator provide fuel pressure regulation for oil injection of two cylinders, which can reduce the number of fuel pressure regulators by several times, reduce the adverse effects of fuel pressure regulator dispersion on the engine, and ensure that the fuel injection pressure and the oil injection amount of the two cylinders connected with the three-way valve are consistent.

[0017] The electric injection system and the multi-cylinder engine reduce the difference of fuel injection pressure among the cylinders, relieve the problems of uneven combustion, insufficient power, excessive vibration, uneven cooling and the like of the engine caused by the large dispersion of the opening pressure of the fuel pressure regulator in the prior art, and effectively improve the service life of the engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 1 A structure diagram of a three-way valve is shown.

[0019] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 2 An explosion diagram of the three-way valve is shown.

[0020] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 3 A diagram showing that the valve core blocks the medium inflow channel A is shown.

[0021] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 4 A diagram showing that the valve core blocks the medium inflow channel B is shown.

[0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 5 A structure diagram of an electric injection system is shown.

[0023] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 6 A working diagram of a multi-cylinder engine is shown. Figure 1 .

[0024] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 7 The solid line in the figure is a variation curve of back pressure P1 in the 1# cylinder.

[0025] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 8 The dotted line in the figure is a variation curve of back pressure P2 in the 2# cylinder.

[0026] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 9 A working diagram of a multi-cylinder engine is shown. Figure 2 .

[0027] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 10 A variation curve of pressure P3 in the medium outflow channel is shown.

[0028] In the drawings: 1, housing; 11, upper housing; 12, lower housing; 13, valve cover; 14, sealing gasket; 15, joint A; 16, joint B; 17, joint C; 2, medium inflow channel A; 3, medium inflow channel B; 4, medium outflow channel; 5, valve seat; 6, elastic diaphragm; 7, valve core; 8, bolt-nut connecting pair; 9, fuel pressure regulator; 91, oil inlet hole; 92, oil return hole; 93, air hole; 94, compression spring; 95, slide valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that the preferred embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and other terms indicating direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation and positional relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. It should also be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be understood broadly. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] A three-way valve with pressure selection function relates to the field of electronic fuel injection, and is mainly used for relieving the problems of uneven combustion, insufficient power, excessive vibration, uneven cooling and the like of an engine caused by large opening pressure dispersion of a fuel pressure regulator in the prior art. The composition structure and working principle of the three-way valve are described below.

[0031] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 and the accompanying drawings Figure 2 The three-way valve mainly comprises a shell 1, a medium inflow passage A2, a medium inflow passage B3 and a medium outflow passage 4 are arranged in the shell 1, wherein the medium outflow passage 4 is in communication with the tail ends of the medium inflow passage A2 and the medium inflow passage B3 respectively. A valve core 7, a valve seat 5 and an elastic member are arranged between the medium inflow passage A2 and the medium inflow passage B3.

[0032] In the embodiment, the shell 1 is composed of a valve cover 13, an upper shell 11 and a lower shell 12. Among them, the medium outflow passage 4 is located in the valve cover 13, the medium inflow passage A2 is located in the upper shell 11, the medium inflow passage B3 is located in the lower shell 12, and the valve cover 13, the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 are connected together by screws.

[0033] In order to seal, a sealing gasket 14 is arranged between the valve cover 13 and the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12. In order to facilitate the connection of external medium, a connector A 15 is screwed at the inlet of the medium inflow passage A2, a connector B 16 is screwed at the inlet of the medium inflow passage B3, and a connector C 17 is screwed at the outlet of the medium outflow passage 4.

[0034] The working cavity and valve seat 5 are arranged in the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12, and the valve core 7 and the elastic member are arranged in the working cavity between the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12. The elastic member can be a spring or an elastic diaphragm. In the embodiment, the elastic member is an elastic diaphragm 6 made of rubber. The elastic diaphragm 6 is fixed around the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12, and the middle part is suspended. A thin-walled ring groove with a semicircular cross section is arranged at the suspended part of the elastic diaphragm 6, and the thin-walled ring groove is used to generate deformation. The valve core 7 is two, and the two valve cores 7 are fixed on the upper and lower sides of the elastic diaphragm 6 through the bolt-nut connecting pair 8.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] Referring to the accompanying drawings again Figure 1 In working, medium A is introduced into the medium inflow channel A2 through the joint A15, and medium B is introduced into the medium inflow channel B3 through the joint B16. Medium A and medium B can be gas medium or liquid medium. When the pressure of medium A is substantially equal to the pressure of medium B, the elastic diaphragm 6 and the valve core 7 are located in the middle of the upper valve seat 5 and the lower valve seat 5 and do not move substantially. At this time, medium A and medium B enter the medium outflow channel 4 through the medium inflow channel A2 and the medium inflow channel B3 respectively.

[0037] Referring to the accompanying drawings again Figure 3 When the pressure of medium B is greater than the pressure of medium A, the elastic diaphragm 6 starts to deform upward, and at this time, the valve core 7 moves to one side of the medium inflow channel A2 until it is completely pressed on the valve seat 5 of the upper shell 11, thereby blocking the medium inflow channel A2. In this way, only the medium inflow channel B3 is unblocked, medium B enters the medium outflow channel 4 through the medium inflow channel B3, and then flows out of the three-way valve through the joint C17.

[0038] Referring to the accompanying drawings again Figure 4 Similarly, when the pressure of medium A is greater than the pressure of medium B, the elastic diaphragm 6 starts to deform downward, and at this time, the valve core 7 moves to one side of the medium inflow channel B3 until it is completely pressed on the valve seat 5 of the lower shell 12, thereby blocking the medium inflow channel B3. In this way, only the medium inflow channel A2 is unblocked, medium A enters the medium outflow channel 4 through the medium inflow channel A2, and then flows out of the three-way valve through the joint C17.

[0039] As can be seen from the above, the three-way valve has a three-way structure of two in and one out. Different from the existing three-way valve, the three-way valve does not need external force, but only relies on the pressure difference between the media to open one way of medium and close the other way of medium, thereby playing the role of pressure selective switch.

[0040] Referring to the accompanying drawings again Figure 5An electronic fuel injection system includes a three-way valve and a fuel pressure regulator 9, wherein the medium outflow passage 4 of the three-way valve is connected to the vent 93 of the fuel pressure regulator 9.

[0041] Specifically, the existing fuel pressure regulator 9 has an inlet port 91, a return port 92, and a vent port 93. A spool valve 95 and a spring 94 are installed within the fuel pressure regulator 9. The medium outlet channel 4 is connected to the vent port 93, allowing medium A or medium B to be introduced into the vent port 93 during operation, providing back pressure to the spool valve 95. The electronic fuel injection system is connected to the inlet port 91, allowing high-pressure fuel to be introduced into the inlet port 91 during operation.

[0042] When the pressure exerted by medium A or medium B and the spring 94 on the slide valve 95 is greater than the pressure of the high-pressure fuel, the slide valve 95 sits down and closes the return port 92. When the pressure exerted by medium A or medium B and the spring 94 on the slide valve 95 is less than the pressure of the high-pressure fuel, the slide valve 95 opens, and the high-pressure fuel is depressurized through the return port 92, ensuring that the pressure of the high-pressure fuel remains constant relative to the back pressure of medium A or medium B.

[0043] See attached document Figure 6 A multi-cylinder engine, wherein the medium inflow channel A2 and medium inflow channel B3 of the three-way valve are respectively connected to two cylinders in the multi-cylinder engine whose crankshaft rotation angles differ by 180° via pipes.

[0044] In this embodiment, the multi-cylinder engine is a two-stroke four-cylinder engine. The crankshaft of this engine has four cranks, and the angle difference between each crank is 180°. Cylinder #1 and Cylinder #2 are connected to the medium inflow channel A2 and medium inflow channel B3 of the three-way valve, respectively, and the medium outflow channel 4 is connected to the vent 93 of the fuel pressure regulator 9. The same applies to Cylinder #3 and Cylinder #4.

[0045] See attached document Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 , attached Figure 7 The solid line in the figure represents the curve of the change in back pressure P1 in cylinder #1. Figure 8 The dashed line in the figure represents the curve showing the change in back pressure P2 in cylinder #2. (From the attached...) Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 It can be seen that when the engine is working, the back pressure curve of cylinder #1 and the back pressure curve of cylinder #2 are always 180° out of phase.

[0046] Please refer to the appendix again. Figure 6When the piston in the 1# cylinder is at the top dead center, the piston in the 2# cylinder is at the bottom dead center, at this time the back pressure P1 in the 1# cylinder is greater than the back pressure P2 in the 2# cylinder, the valve core 7 of the three-way valve moves to the side of the medium inflow passage B3, and the medium inflow passage B3 is blocked. At this time, only the gas medium in the 1# cylinder can enter the vent hole 93 of the fuel pressure regulator 9 through the medium inflow passage A2, and the fuel pressure regulator 9 automatically adjusts the fuel pressure according to the back pressure P1, so that the pressure of the fuel is kept constant.

[0047] Referring to the drawings Figure 9 After the crankshaft rotates 180°, when the piston in the 1# cylinder is at the bottom dead center, the piston in the 2# cylinder is at the top dead center, at this time the back pressure P1 in the 1# cylinder is less than the back pressure P2 in the 2# cylinder, the valve core 7 of the three-way valve moves to the side of the medium inflow passage A2, and the medium inflow passage A2 is blocked. At this time, only the gas medium in the 2# cylinder can enter the vent hole 93 of the fuel pressure regulator 9 through the medium inflow passage B3, and the fuel pressure regulator 9 automatically adjusts the fuel pressure according to the back pressure P2, so that the pressure of the fuel is kept constant. The same is true for the 3# cylinder and the 4# cylinder.

[0048] Referring to the drawings Figure 10 , the drawings Figure 10 show the change curve of the pressure P3 in the medium outflow passage. As can be seen from the drawings Figure 10 , when P1>P2, the valve core 7 blocks the medium inflow passage B3, at this time P3=P1. When P2>P1, the valve core 7 blocks the medium inflow passage A2, at this time P3=P2. In this way, the pressure P3 collected by the fuel pressure regulator is always synchronized with the peak value of the back pressure P1 and P2.

[0049] It is worth noting that the contents not described in detail in the above embodiments are prior art. It is also worth noting that any addition, replacement and improvement made by those skilled in the art under the structure and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A three-way valve having a pressure selection function, characterized by: The shell is provided with a medium inflow passage A, a medium inflow passage B and a medium outflow passage, wherein the medium outflow passage is communicated with the end of the medium inflow passage A and the medium inflow passage B respectively; A valve core, a valve seat and an elastic member are arranged between the medium inflow passage A and the medium inflow passage B, when the medium pressure in the medium inflow passage A is greater than the medium pressure in the medium inflow passage B, the valve core moves to one side of the medium inflow passage B to block the medium inflow passage B; when the medium pressure in the medium inflow passage B is greater than the medium pressure in the medium inflow passage A, the valve core moves to one side of the medium inflow passage A to block the medium inflow passage A.

2. The three-way valve having a pressure selection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is an elastic diaphragm, the periphery of the elastic diaphragm is fixed, and the middle part is suspended; the valve core is two, and the two valve cores are respectively fixed on both sides of the elastic diaphragm.

3. The three-way valve having a pressure selection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is composed of multiple parts.

4. The three-way valve having a pressure selection function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell is composed of a valve cover, an upper shell and a lower shell, the medium outflow passage is located in the valve cover, the medium inflow passage A is located in the upper shell, the medium inflow passage B is located in the lower shell, and the valve core and the elastic member are arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell.

5. The three-way valve having a pressure selection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A joint is arranged at the inlet of the medium inflow passage A and the medium inflow passage B, and at the outlet of the medium outflow passage.

6. An electronic injection system using a three-way valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The three-way valve and the fuel pressure regulator are arranged, the medium outflow passage of the three-way valve is communicated with the vent hole of the fuel pressure regulator.

7. A multi-cylinder engine using the electric injection system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The medium inflow passage A and the medium inflow passage B of the three-way valve are respectively communicated with two cylinders of the multi-cylinder engine through pipelines, and the crank angles of the two cylinders are different by 180°.

8. A multi-cylinder engine as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-cylinder engine is a two-stroke multi-cylinder engine.

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