Simulation device based on free fall experiment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simulation device for a free fall experiment. The simulation device comprises a base, a bearing mechanism is arranged above the base, a top plate is arranged above the bearing mechanism, supporting frames are detachably arranged between the top plate and the bearing mechanism, and every two adjacent supporting frames are detachably connected. Two sets of timing mechanisms are detachably arranged on the inner side of the supporting frame, the two sets of timing mechanisms are distributed up and down, an electromagnet is arranged on the top plate in a penetrating mode, the electromagnet and the timing mechanisms are connected with a control box, and the control box is arranged on the base. The detachable base, the supporting frame, the top plate, the timing mechanism and the like are arranged, the device can be detached before the device needs to be transferred, the components can be transferred by teaching personnel, or a single component can be transferred by a plurality of students, the current situation that the device cannot be detached and needs to be cooperatively moved by a plurality of personnel is changed, and the practicability is high. Teaching personnel or students can conveniently transfer the teaching aid to classrooms of different floors.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to free fall simulation experiment technical field, concretely is a kind of simulation device based on free fall experiment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Free fall experiment is a very important experiment in physics, and plays a very key role in understanding the motion law of objects under the action of gravity. The traditional free fall experiment is usually in natural environment, selects suitable weight (such as metal ball, etc.), makes it free fall at high place, and obtains relevant data by means of measuring tool (such as measuring height by tape measure, recording time by stopwatch), and then analyzes the change relationship of physical quantity such as displacement, velocity and acceleration of object in falling process with time.

[0003] In order to adapt to the teaching needs, many simulation devices for free fall experiment appear in the market, such as a high school physics free fall experiment simulation device disclosed in a Chinese patent with publication number CN110148335B, which comprises a fixed base, the fixed base top is provided with a balance plate, the fixed base top two sides are provided with two support slide rods distributed symmetrically, the support slide rod outer side is slidably connected with a slide sleeve, two slide sleeves are provided with two adjusting cross frames between them, and the balance plate top is fixedly connected with two symmetric mounting plates. The device provided by the above patent adjusts the height of adjusting cross frame and bearing plate, so that the first experimental cylinder and the second experimental cylinder are stretched, the falling height of experimental ball is adjusted, the vacuum pump is used to make the inside of first experimental assembly and second experimental assembly vacuum, the experimental balls with two different masses are released from the same height at the same time, the free fall experiment demonstration is carried out, the influence of external force is small, the experimental result is accurate, the experimental error is reduced, the contrast is clear, and the relationship between mass and acceleration is easy to observe.

[0004] Although the experimental simulation device provided by the above patent can complete the teaching of free fall experiment, it has some problems. For example, the device provided by the above patent is not convenient to disassemble according to the demand, that is, the size of the above device is not adjustable. When teaching free fall, simulation demonstration is usually carried out in classroom, so that students have preliminary cognition of free fall experiment. Because the size is not adjustable and the size is large, it is not conducive to carry the simulation device into the classroom, or it needs the cooperation of multiple students to move the simulation device. If the free fall simulation device is moved to the classroom on high floor, the above moving method will be more unfavorable. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a simulation device based on free fall experiment, which aims at improving the problem that free fall simulation experiment device is not convenient to adjust size and is not conducive to carry into classroom for experiment demonstration.

[0006] The utility model discloses a kind of simulation devices based on free fall experiment, including base, load-bearing mechanism is set on the top of base, top plate is set on the top of load-bearing mechanism, detachably set with support frame between top plate and load-bearing mechanism, two adjacent support frames are detachably connected;Two groups of timing mechanism are detachably set on the inner side of support frame, two groups of timing mechanism are arranged in upper and lower distribution, electromagnet is set in the top plate and penetrates, electromagnet and timing mechanism are connected with control box, and control box is set on base.

[0007] Preferably, the load-bearing mechanism is arranged as an annular structure, and the upper side is provided with an annular groove. A first notch is arranged on the outer sidewall of the annular groove. The bottom surface of the first notch is provided with a buckle groove. A pressing plate is arranged at the first notch. A buckle plate is fixedly arranged below the pressing plate. A threaded column is arranged in the buckle plate and penetrates the buckle plate. The end of the threaded column is screwed into the end wall of the buckle groove.

[0008] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the support frame are arranged as annular structures. The bottom of the support frame on the lower side is inserted into the annular groove. The pressing plate presses the support frame.

[0009] Preferably, a net support and a buffer pad are arranged on the inner side of the load-bearing mechanism. An annular convex plate is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the load-bearing mechanism. The net support is installed below the annular convex plate. The buffer pad is placed on the net support.

[0010] Preferably, the top plate is arranged as a cylindrical structure with an opening downward. A second notch is arranged on the sidewall of the top plate. A second connecting arc plate is arranged at the second notch. The second connecting arc plate clamps the top of the support frame in cooperation with the top plate.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting mechanism is arranged between the adjacent support frames. The connecting mechanism includes two symmetrical first connecting arc plates. The ends of the two first connecting arc plates are connected by bolts. Isolation arc plates are fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the two first connecting arc plates. The ends of the adjacent two support frames that are close to each other are inserted into the space formed by the two first connecting arc plates. The ends of the adjacent two support frames that are close to each other are in contact with the isolation arc plates.

[0012] Preferably, the timing mechanism includes an annular support plate, a light emitter, and a receiver. A plurality of convex columns are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the annular support plate. A clamping groove is arranged on the convex column. The light emitter and the receiver are located at the same diameter and are away from each other. Clamping plates are fixedly arranged on the ends of the light emitter and the receiver that are away from each other. The clamping plates are installed in the clamping groove. Rubber layers are arranged on the contact surfaces of the light emitter, the receiver, and the convex column.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting screw is arranged on the annular support plate through screwing, a plurality of insertion slots are evenly arranged on the inner side of the support frame, the insertion slots are arranged along the height direction of the support frame, and the end of the limiting screw is inserted into a certain insertion slot; the top plate is provided with a mounting hole and a threading hole, the electromagnet is arranged at the mounting hole, and a sealing disc is detachably arranged at the threading hole, and the data line of the light emitter and the receiver can be arranged through the threading hole.

[0014] Preferably, an extrusion ring plate is arranged on the upper side of the base, a plurality of threaded studs are arranged on the base, the top of the threaded stud is screwed into the bearing mechanism, and the extrusion ring plate abuts against the net supporting device; a through hole is arranged in the middle of the base, an air extraction assembly is arranged in communication below the through hole, and the glass tube is sealingly sleeved on the outer side of the support frame.

[0015] Preferably, the air extraction assembly comprises a communication pipe, a three-way valve, a one-way valve, an air extraction pipe and an air extraction mechanism, the communication pipe is connected in communication with the through hole of the base, the three-way valve is arranged in communication between the communication pipe and the one-way valve, the air extraction pipe is arranged in communication on the side of the one-way valve, the air extraction mechanism comprises a piston and a pulling rod, the piston is arranged at the end of the pulling rod and in the air extraction pipe, the end of the pulling rod away from the piston is buckled in an end plate, a connecting rod is fixedly arranged at the edge of the end plate, and the end of the connecting rod away from the end plate is detachably provided with a clamping arc plate, and the clamping arc plate is sleeved on the air extraction pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0017] 1、The detachable base, the support frame, the top plate, the timing mechanism and the like are arranged, the device can be disassembled before being transferred, the teaching staff can transfer the above-mentioned parts, or a plurality of students can transfer single parts, the status that a plurality of staff members need to cooperate to move the device is changed, and the teaching staff or students can conveniently transfer the device to classrooms on different floors.

[0018] 2、The two groups of timing mechanisms that can adjust the height relative to the support frame are arranged, two groups of timing mechanisms can cooperate to record the time of the heavy object falling between the two groups of timing mechanisms, two parameters of the falling height and the falling time are simultaneously obtained, and support is provided for completing the free fall experiment of different heights.

[0019] 3、The glass tube is arranged, the glass tube and the top plate and the base form a sealed space, the gas in the sealed space can be discharged by the air extraction assembly, therefore, an environment close to vacuum can be created, and the influence of the gas on the free falling heavy object is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the first schematic view of the whole structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2is the second schematic view of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is the structural schematic view of the base and the bearing mechanism of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is the first schematic view of the bearing mechanism structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is the second schematic view of the bearing mechanism structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 is the structural schematic view of the base of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 is the structural schematic view of the suction pipe, communication pipe and the like of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 is the structural schematic view of the suction mechanism of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 is the structural schematic view of the support frame of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 is the structural schematic view of the connecting mechanism of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 is the structural schematic view of the top plate of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 12 is the structural schematic view of the timing mechanism of the utility model.

[0032] In the drawing: 1, base; 11, extruded ring plate; 12, stud; 13, suction pipe; 14, communication pipe; 15, three-way valve; 16, one-way valve; 17, suction mechanism; 171, end plate; 172, connecting rod; 173, piston; 174, clamping arc plate; 175, pulling rod; 176, clamping groove; 18, level; 19, threaded hole; 191, threaded support column; 2, support frame; 21, insertion slot; 3, timing mechanism; 31, annular support plate; 32, light emitter; 33, receiver; 34, limiting screw; 35, convex column; 36, clamping groove; 4, connecting mechanism; 41, first connecting arc plate; 42, isolation arc plate; 5, top plate; 51, mounting hole; 52, threading hole; 53, sealing disc; 54, second connecting arc plate; 6, control box; 7, bearing mechanism; 71, supporting net; 72, buffer pad; 73, first notch; 74, clamping groove; 75, pressing plate; 76, clamping plate; 77, annular convex plate; 78, annular groove; 8, electromagnet; 9, glass tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "link", "connect", "fix" and so on terms should do broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or be integrated;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection;Can be direct connection, also can be indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be the communication or the interaction of two elements of two elements inside. For ordinary skilled in the art, the above terms can be understood according to the specific meaning of the utility model.

[0034] The following further description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0035] Example 1

[0036] As Figures 2-4 , 9-12, in order to be able to disassemble and assemble freely falling body experiment simulation device according to the demand, facilitate teaching personnel or students to be transferred to the classroom of different floors, the embodiment provides new freely falling body experiment simulation device.

[0037] The device includes base 1, bearing mechanism 7, top plate 5, support frame 2, electromagnet 8, control box 6, two sets of timing mechanism 3 and so on. Wherein bearing mechanism 7 is detachably arranged on base 1, and is detachably connected with the bottom of support frame 2. The number of support frame 2 can be increased or decreased according to demand, and at least one support frame 2 is provided.

[0038] If one support frame 2 is provided, the top plate 5 is detachably arranged on the top of the support frame 2, and the two sets of timing mechanism 3 are arranged in the support frame 2. If more than two support frames 2 are provided, the top plate 5 is detachably arranged on the top of the uppermost support frame 2, and the two sets of timing mechanism 3 can be arbitrarily installed in any two support frames 2 according to demand. No matter the timing mechanism 3 is arranged at any position, the time of the weight falling between the two timing mechanisms 3 can be recorded through the up-down distribution of the two sets of timing mechanism 3, so that the time and height of the weight falling are obtained simultaneously, which provides convenience for calculating the remaining parameters. In order to realize instantaneously accurately, the weight is made of shading material.

[0039] The mounting hole 51 is arranged on the top plate 5, the electromagnet 8 is arranged at the mounting hole 51, and is connected with the control box 6, so that the on-off of the current of the electromagnet 8 can be controlled by operating the control box 6, and then the weight adsorbed on the electromagnet 8 is controlled to fall. In addition, the control box 6 is connected with the timing mechanism 3, so as to receive the time parameters obtained by the two sets of timing mechanism 3, and calculate the remaining parameters by using the known parameters.

[0040] In order to control the electromagnet 8 to work, and obtain the time parameter, the shell of the control box 6 is provided with a display screen, buttons and the like outside, and is provided with a controller (such as PLC), a power module, a power adapter, a relay, a transistor, a digital timer and the like inside, so that the device can be controlled to work through the control box 6, and the obtained parameter information is judged to obtain the corresponding result. The controller cooperates with the power module, the power adapter, the relay, the transistor and the like to control the electromagnet to work.

[0041] In order to enable the top plate 5 and the bearing mechanism 7 to be stably detachably installed relative to the support frame 2, the bearing mechanism 7 is provided in a ring structure, and is provided with a ring-shaped groove 78 on the upper side, the top plate 5 is provided in a cylindrical structure with an opening downward, and the upper and lower ends of the support frame 2 are provided in a ring structure and are respectively inserted into the ring-shaped groove 78 and the inside of the top plate 5.

[0042] In addition, the first notch 73 is provided on the outer wall of the ring-shaped groove 78, the bottom surface of the first notch 73 is provided with a buckle groove 74, and the first notch 73 is provided with a pressing plate 75, the lower side of the pressing plate 75 is fixedly provided with a buckle plate 76, the buckle plate 76 is provided with a threaded column penetrating through, and the end of the threaded column is threadedly inserted into the end wall of the buckle groove 74, so that the pressing plate 75 can be controlled to move by rotating the threaded column, such as controlling the pressing plate 75 to press against the support frame 2, so that the support frame 2 is stably installed relative to the bearing mechanism 7, and the support frame 2 and the bearing mechanism 7 can be released from the limitation by moving the pressing plate 75, that is, the support frame 2 and the bearing mechanism 7 can be detachably connected. At the same time, the sidewall of the top plate 5 is provided with a second notch, the second notch is provided with a second connecting arc plate 54, the second connecting arc plate 54 is connected with the top plate 5 through bolts, and cooperates with the top of the support frame 2, so that the support frame 2 is stably connected with the top plate 5.

[0043] In order to avoid the falling weight directly impacting the base 1 to cause large vibration, the bearing mechanism 7 is provided with a supporting net 71 and a buffer pad 72 inside, and the buffer pad 72 is directly laid on the supporting net 71, so that the weight can be effectively buffered under the cooperation of the supporting net 71 and the buffer pad 72, and the weight can be prevented from directly impacting the base 1. In order to stably arrange the supporting net 71 in the bearing mechanism 7, the inner side of the bearing mechanism 7 is fixedly provided with a ring-shaped convex plate 77, the supporting net 71 is arranged below the ring-shaped convex plate 77, and the edge is connected with the ring-shaped convex plate 77, so that the supporting net 71 is stably arranged in the bearing mechanism 7 under the action of the ring-shaped convex plate 77. In addition, a plurality of threaded holes 19 can be provided at the bottom of the base 1, a threaded support column 191 can be threadedly penetrated at the threaded hole 19, and when the device is installed, the level 18 can be placed on the base 1, and the base 1 can be leveled by rotating a plurality of threaded support columns 191, so as to provide support for completing the experiment.

[0044] In order to record the time of the falling distance of the weight by the timing mechanism 3, the timing mechanism 3 comprises a ring-shaped support plate 31, a light emitter 32 and a receiver 33. The light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 are both mounted on the ring-shaped support plate 31 and located at the same diameter and electrically connected with the digital timer, so that the light emitted by the light emitter 32 irradiates on the receiver 33, and the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 form a photoelectric gate. When the object passes through the photoelectric gate, the light is blocked, at which time the receiver 33 detects the change of the light, thereby triggering the timing device to start or stop timing. When the moving object starts to block the light beam of the first photoelectric gate, the photoelectric gate sensor generates an electric signal and transmits it to the timer, so that the timer starts timing. When the object then blocks the light beam of the second photoelectric gate, the photoelectric gate sensor generates another electric signal and transmits it to the timer, so that the timer stops timing. Through the cooperation of the two groups of photoelectric gates, the weight passing through the two groups of photoelectric gates can be timed.

[0045] In order to stably mount the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 on the ring-shaped support plate 31, a plurality of convex columns 35 are uniformly fixed on the inner side of the ring-shaped support plate 31, the convex columns 35 are provided with clamping grooves 36, the ends of the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 away from each other are both fixedly provided with clamping plates, the clamping plates and the clamping grooves 36 are both provided with convex structures, except that the upper end of the clamping groove 36 is provided with an opening, so that after the clamping plate is mounted in the clamping groove 36, the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 can be stably mounted relative to the convex columns 35. In order not to easily separate the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 from the convex columns 35, a rubber layer is provided on the contact surface between the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 and the convex columns 35. By using the deformation characteristics of the rubber layer, the gap between the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 and the convex columns 35 can be filled, thereby increasing the resistance of the light emitter 32 and the receiver 33 relative to the convex columns 35.

[0046] In order to be able to time the falling of the weight at different heights, a limiting screw 34 is threadedly penetrated on the ring-shaped support plate 31, and a plurality of insertion slots 21 are uniformly provided on the inner side of the support frame 2, the insertion slots 21 are arranged along the height direction of the support frame 2, and the end of the limiting screw 34 is inserted into a certain insertion slot 21, so that the ring-shaped support plate 31 can be stably arranged relative to the support frame 2, and at the same time, it is convenient to adjust the position of the ring-shaped support plate 31 relative to the support frame 2 according to the needs.

[0047] If the support frame 2 is provided with multiple, in order to make adjacent support frame 2 can be disassembled connected, adjacent support frame 2 between the setting of the connecting mechanism 4. The connecting mechanism 4 includes two symmetrical first connecting arc plate 41, two first connecting arc plate 41 end by bolt connected, and the inner side is fixedly provided with isolation arc plate 42. Adjacent two support frame 2 close to one end into the space composed of two first connecting arc plate 41, and are in contact with the isolation arc plate 42, therefore, in the two first connecting arc plate 41 cooperation, adjacent support frame 2 can be stable connection. At the same time for the need to disassemble adjacent support frame 2 provides the convenience.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figures 6-8 As shown in the embodiment 1, in order to be able to test the free fall of the weight in the proximity of vacuum environment demonstration, can be provided with glass tube 9 in the outside of support frame 2 sealing cover, glass tube 9 and adjacent device sealing contact, therefore, can glass tube 9 can be with the base 1 and top plate 5 constitute a sealed space. Under the premise of constituting a sealed space, can be discharged by setting the air exhaust assembly below the base 1, reduce the gas in the sealed space, reduce the influence of the gas on the weight falling. In the case of constituting a sealed space, in order to be able to make timing mechanism 3 stable work, provided with threading hole 52 on the top plate 5, at the threading hole 52 can be disassembled provided with sealing disc 53, sealing disc 53 and top plate 5 contact surface is provided with sealing layer, the data line of the light emitting device 32 and receiver 33 can be sealed through the threading hole 52 setting.

[0050] In order to form a sealed space, the upper side of the base 1 is provided with extrusion ring plate 11, and a plurality of studs 12 are provided through the base 1, the top of the stud 12 is screwed into the bearing mechanism 7, and the extrusion ring plate 11 is arranged against the net 71. At the same time, the base 1 and the bearing mechanism 7 are provided with a sealing layer.

[0051] The middle part of the base 1 is provided with a through hole, and the lower part of the through hole is communicated with a communicating pipe 14, the side of the communicating pipe 14 is communicated with a three-way valve 15, the side of the three-way valve 15 is communicated with a one-way valve 16, the side of the one-way valve 16 is communicated with a suction pipe 13, the inner side of the suction pipe 13 is provided with a piston 173, the piston 173 is installed at the end of a pulling rod 175, and the end away from the piston 173 is buckled in the clamping groove 176 of the end plate 171, the edge of the end plate 171 is fixedly provided with a connecting rod 172, the end away from the end plate 171 of the connecting rod 172 is detachably provided with a clamping arc plate 174, and the clamping arc plate 174 is sleeved on the suction pipe 13, so that when the communicating pipe 14 and the suction pipe 13 are communicated, the gas in the sealed space can be discharged by controlling the piston 173 to move away from the suction pipe 13, and when the piston 173 moves away from the suction pipe 13, the gas cannot enter the sealed space due to the one-way valve 16. When it is necessary to eliminate the sealed space similar to vacuum, the state of the three-way valve 15 can be adjusted to make the gas enter the sealed space from the three-way valve 15. The clamping arc plate 174, the piston 173 and the pulling rod 175 constitute a suction mechanism 17. In order to facilitate the piston 173 to extend into the suction pipe 13 again, another one-way valve 16 is communicated with the side of the suction pipe 13, and the one-way valve 16 is used to discharge the gas in the suction pipe 13, so that the piston 173 moves to the deep part of the suction pipe 13, and the gas in the sealed space is conveniently discharged.

[0052] The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, for the person skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A simulation device based on a free fall experiment, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of time-keeping device, including base (1), load mechanism (7) is arranged above the base (1), top plate (5) is arranged above the load mechanism (7), support frame (2) is detachably arranged between the top plate (5) and load mechanism (7), two adjacent support frame (2) is detachably connected;Two groups of timing mechanism (3) are detachably arranged in the inner side of support frame (2), two groups of timing mechanism (3) are arranged in upper and lower distribution, electromagnet (8) is arranged through on the top plate (5), and electromagnet (8) and timing mechanism (3) are connected with control box (6), and control box (6) is arranged on base (1).

2. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that The load mechanism (7) is arranged as an annular structure, and an annular groove (78) is provided on the upper side. A first notch (73) is provided on the outer wall of the annular groove (78). The bottom surface of the first notch (73) is provided with a buckle groove (74). A pressing plate (75) is provided at the first notch (73). The lower side of the pressing plate (75) is fixedly provided with a buckle plate (76). A threaded column is provided through the buckle plate (76). The end of the threaded column is screwed into the end wall of the buckle groove (74).

3. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 2, characterized in that The upper and lower ends of the support frame (2) are arranged as an annular structure. The bottom of the support frame (2) on the lower side is inserted into the annular groove (78). The pressing plate (75) presses the support frame (2).

4. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 3, characterized in that A supporting net (71) and a buffer pad (72) are provided on the inner side of the load mechanism (7). An annular convex plate (77) is fixedly provided on the inner side of the load mechanism (7). The supporting net (71) is installed below the annular convex plate (77). The buffer pad (72) is placed on the supporting net (71).

5. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate (5) is arranged as a cylindrical structure with an opening downward. A second notch is provided on the side wall of the top plate (5). A second connecting arc plate (54) is provided at the second notch. The second connecting arc plate (54) cooperates with the top plate (5) to clamp the top of the support frame (2).

6. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting mechanism (4) is provided between the adjacent support frames (2). The connecting mechanism (4) includes two symmetrical first connecting arc plates (41). The ends of the two first connecting arc plates (41) are connected by bolts. Isolation arc plates (42) are fixedly provided on the inner sides of the two first connecting arc plates (41). The ends of the two adjacent support frames (2) that are close to each other extend into the space formed by the two first connecting arc plates (41) and contact the isolation arc plates.

7. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The timing mechanism (3) includes an annular support plate (31), a light emitter (32), and a receiver (33). A plurality of convex columns (35) are uniformly fixedly provided on the inner side of the annular support plate (31). The convex columns (35) are provided with clamping grooves (36). The light emitter (32) and the receiver (33) are located at the same diameter on two ends and are fixedly provided with clamping plates on the ends that are away from each other. The clamping plates are installed in the clamping grooves (36). Rubber layers are provided on the contact surfaces of the light emitter (32), the receiver (33), and the convex columns (35).

8. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 7, characterized in that A limiting screw (34) is arranged through the annular supporting plate (31) in a threaded mode, a plurality of insertion slots (21) are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the supporting frame (2), the insertion slots (21) are arranged along the height direction of the supporting frame (2), and the end of the limiting screw (34) is inserted into a certain insertion slot (21); a mounting hole (51) and a threading hole (52) are arranged on the top plate (5), the electromagnet (8) is arranged at the mounting hole (51), a sealing disc (53) is detachably arranged at the threading hole (52), and the data line of the light emitter (32) and the receiver (33) can be arranged through the threading hole (52) in a sealed mode.

9. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 4, characterized in that, An extrusion ring plate (11) is arranged on the upper side of the base (1), a plurality of threaded studs (12) are arranged through the base (1), the top of the threaded stud (12) is inserted into the bearing mechanism (7), and the extrusion ring plate (11) is arranged against the supporting net (71); a through hole is arranged in the middle of the base (1), an air extraction assembly is arranged in communication below the through hole, and a glass tube (9) is arranged in a sealed mode outside the supporting frame (2).

10. The simulation device based on a free fall experiment according to claim 9, characterized in that The air extraction assembly comprises a communication pipe (14), a three-way valve (15), a one-way valve (16), an air extraction pipe (13) and an air extraction mechanism (17), the communication pipe (14) is connected in communication with the through hole of the base (1), the three-way valve (15) is arranged in communication between the communication pipe (14) and the one-way valve (16), the air extraction pipe (13) is arranged in communication on the side of the one-way valve (16), the air extraction mechanism (17) comprises a piston (173) and a pulling rod (175), the piston (173) is arranged at the end of the pulling rod (175) and in the air extraction pipe (13), one end of the pulling rod (175) away from the piston (173) is buckled in an end plate (171), an edge of the end plate (171) is fixedly provided with a connecting rod (172), one end of the connecting rod (172) away from the end plate (171) is detachably provided with a clamping arc plate (174), and the clamping arc plate (174) is sleeved on the air extraction pipe (13).

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