Agricultural straw smashing and compacting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to an agricultural straw smashing and compacting device which comprises a vehicle body, a compacting mechanism is arranged at the top of the vehicle body, a shearing mechanism is arranged at the top of the compacting mechanism, and a discharging hopper is arranged at the top of the shearing mechanism; straw can be guided in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction through the longitudinal guide block and the transverse guide block, and it is ensured that the straw is arranged in order. The longitudinal traction roller and the transverse traction roller are matched, and the included angle between the longitudinal traction roller and the transverse traction roller is 90 degrees, so that straw can be stably pulled in all directions, the problems of winding, stacking and the like of the straw in the conveying process are solved, the continuity and stability of conveying the straw to a shearing position are guaranteed, and a foundation is provided for subsequent precise shearing. Through mutual cooperation of the arc-shaped sliding rail, the arc-shaped sliding groove, the rolling wheels, the linear sliding rail, the linear sliding groove, the positioning sliding base and other components, the stability and accuracy of the arc-shaped cutter body in the moving process are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to a straw smashing and compacting device for agriculture. BACKGROUND

[0002] In agricultural production, straw treatment has always been an important and thorny problem. With the advancement of agricultural modernization, crop yields have increased significantly, and the amount of straw produced has also increased accordingly. Traditionally, some farmers will choose to burn straw, which not only causes serious environmental pollution, such as generating a large amount of smoke and dust, harmful gases, etc., negatively affecting air quality, but also may cause fire hazards and other safety hazards. At the same time, randomly discarding straw will occupy land resources and affect subsequent land use. Straw itself has certain utilization value. It can be used as feed for livestock farming, and after being smashed and treated, it can be better digested and absorbed by livestock; it can also be used for biomass energy production, such as producing biogas, biomass fuel, etc., to realize resource recycling; in the industrial field, straw can be used as raw material for papermaking, board manufacturing, etc. However, untreated straw is bulky and loose in texture, which is not conducive to storage, transportation and further processing and utilization.

[0003] The existing straw treatment equipment has many shortcomings. Some simple smashing equipment can only preliminarily smash the straw, and cannot compact the smashed straw, resulting in that the treated straw still occupies a large space, increasing the subsequent transportation and storage cost.

[0004] In view of the above related technologies, the inventors found that the existing straw treatment device has the following defects: the existing straw treatment device is often loose in structure, and the function modules are independent of each other. Since each part is independent, manual intervention or complex conveying equipment is needed when the straw is transferred between different processes. This leads to the problems of material accumulation and long waiting time when the existing device processes straw, reducing the overall work efficiency. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the present application provides a straw smashing and compacting device for agriculture.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a straw smashing and compacting device for agriculture, comprising a vehicle body, a compacting mechanism is arranged on the top of the vehicle body, a shearing mechanism is arranged on the top of the compacting mechanism, and a discharging hopper is arranged on the top of the shearing mechanism.

[0007] The shearing mechanism comprises a first blanking square tube, a longitudinal guide block, a longitudinal traction roller, a second blanking square tube, a transverse guide block and a transverse traction roller, the first blanking square tube is fixedly installed at the bottom of the blanking funnel, the inside of the first blanking square tube is symmetrically provided with the longitudinal guide block, the bottom of the longitudinal guide block is symmetrically provided with the longitudinal traction roller, the bottom of the first blanking square tube is fixedly installed with the second blanking square tube, the inside of the second blanking square tube is symmetrically provided with the transverse guide block, and the bottom of the transverse guide block is symmetrically provided with the transverse traction roller.

[0008] Optionally, the shearing mechanism further comprises a servo motor, a belt, a leather wheel, an eccentric wheel and a connecting rod, the servo motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second blanking square tube, the output end of the servo motor is movably installed with the belt, one side of the belt is driven with the leather wheel, the top of the leather wheel is fixedly installed with the eccentric wheel, and the top of the eccentric wheel is movably installed with the connecting rod.

[0009] Optionally, the shearing mechanism further comprises an arc-shaped sliding rail, an arc-shaped sliding groove, an arc-shaped knife body, a roller, a positioning sliding seat, a linear sliding rail, a linear sliding groove and a knife body clamping groove, the arc-shaped sliding rail is movably connected to one side of the connecting rod, the top of the arc-shaped sliding rail is provided with the arc-shaped sliding groove in a penetrating manner, the inside of the arc-shaped sliding groove is movably installed with the roller, one side of the arc-shaped sliding rail is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped knife body, one side of the roller is movably connected with the positioning sliding seat, the positioning sliding seat is movably connected to the inside of the linear sliding groove, the linear sliding groove is provided in the top of the linear sliding rail in a penetrating manner, and the linear sliding rail is provided with the knife body clamping groove on one side. The arc-shaped sliding rail reciprocates under the drive of the connecting rod. The cooperation of the arc-shaped sliding groove and the roller can make the arc-shaped knife body more stable during movement. The positioning sliding seat slides in the linear sliding groove, can limit the movement direction of the arc-shaped knife body, and makes the arc-shaped knife body only perform shearing movement in the direction defined by the linear sliding rail. The knife body clamping groove can position the arc-shaped knife body, ensures the position accuracy of the arc-shaped knife body during shearing, and makes the arc-shaped knife body accurately shear the straw.

[0010] Optionally, the straight slide rail is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second blanking square tube by bolts, the positioning sliding seat is composed of a sliding block and bearing housings symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block, the sliding block is movably connected in the interior of the straight slide groove, the arc-shaped cutter body is movably connected in the interior of the cutter body clamping groove, and the arc-shaped slide rail is movably connected at one side of the straight slide rail.

[0011] Optionally, the compacting mechanism comprises a compacting machine shell, a blanking port, a discharging chute, a small hydraulic machine and a push block, the compacting machine shell is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second blanking square tube, a blanking port is formed in the top of the compacting machine shell, the discharging chute is fixedly connected to one side of the compacting machine shell, the small hydraulic machine is arranged on the other side of the compacting machine shell, and the output end of the small hydraulic machine is fixedly connected with the push block.

[0012] Optionally, the push block is movably connected in the interior of the compacting machine shell, the blanking port is arranged directly below the second blanking square tube, and a hole is formed in one side of the discharging chute and has a diameter smaller than that of the compacting machine shell.

[0013] Optionally, the included angle between the longitudinal traction roller and the transverse traction roller is °, and the longitudinal traction roller and the second blanking square tube are both driven by motors.

[0014] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] 1. When the present application is used, the longitudinal guide block and the transverse guide block can guide the straw in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction respectively, so as to ensure the neat arrangement of the straw. The longitudinal traction roller and the transverse traction roller cooperate with each other and have an included angle of 90°, so as to stably pull the straw in all directions, avoid the problems of winding and accumulation of the straw in the conveying process, and ensure the continuity and stability of the conveying of the straw to the shearing position, thereby providing a basis for the subsequent precise shearing.

[0016] 2. The arc-shaped slide rail, the arc-shaped slide groove, the roller, the straight slide rail, the straight slide groove and the positioning sliding seat cooperate with each other, so as to ensure the stability and accuracy of the arc-shaped cutter body during the movement. The cutter body clamping groove positions the arc-shaped cutter body, so that the arc-shaped cutter body can be kept at the accurate position during each shearing, the shearing quality of the straw is uniform and consistent, and the quality of the straw crushing is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the shearing mechanism in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the local structure installation of the shearing mechanism in the embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the main body structure of the compaction mechanism in the embodiment of the application;

[0022] Fig. 1 is a vehicle body; 2, a compaction mechanism; 201, a compaction machine shell; 202, a discharging port; 203, a discharging chute; 204, a small hydraulic machine; 205, a push block; 3, a discharging hopper; 4, a shearing mechanism; 401, a first discharging square tube; 402, a longitudinal guide block; 403, a longitudinal traction roller; 404, a second discharging square tube; 405, a transverse guide block; 406, a transverse traction roller; 407, a servo motor; 408, a belt; 409, a pulley; 410, an eccentric wheel; 411, a connecting rod; 412, an arc-shaped sliding rail; 413, an arc-shaped sliding groove; 414, an arc-shaped cutter body; 415, a roller; 416, a positioning sliding seat; 417, a linear sliding rail; 418, a linear sliding groove; 419, a cutter body clamping groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-5 The application will be described in further detail.

[0024] The embodiment of the application discloses an agricultural straw crushing and compacting device.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 An agricultural straw crushing and compacting device, comprising a vehicle body 1, the top of the vehicle body 1 is provided with a compaction mechanism 2, the top of the compaction mechanism 2 is provided with a shearing mechanism 4, and the top of the shearing mechanism 4 is provided with a discharging hopper 3.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 2 to 5 The shearing mechanism 4 comprises a first discharging square tube 401, a longitudinal guide block 402, a longitudinal traction roller 403, a second discharging square tube 404, a transverse guide block 405 and a transverse traction roller 406, the first discharging square tube 401 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharging hopper 3, the inside of the first discharging square tube 401 is symmetrically provided with the longitudinal guide block 402, the bottom of the longitudinal guide block 402 is symmetrically provided with the longitudinal traction roller 403, the bottom of the first discharging square tube 401 is fixedly installed with the second discharging square tube 404, the inside of the second discharging square tube 404 is symmetrically provided with the transverse guide block 405, and the bottom of the transverse guide block 405 is symmetrically provided with the transverse traction roller 406.

[0027] The shearing mechanism 4 further comprises a servo motor 407, a belt 408, a pulley 409, an eccentric wheel 410 and a connecting rod 411. The servo motor 407 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second blanking square tube 404. The output end of the servo motor 407 movably installs the belt 408. The belt 408 is driven by the pulley 409 on one side. The top of the pulley 409 is fixedly installed with the eccentric wheel 410. The top of the eccentric wheel 410 movably installs the connecting rod 411.

[0028] The shearing mechanism 4 further comprises an arc-shaped sliding rail 412, an arc-shaped sliding groove 413, an arc-shaped cutter body 414, a roller 415, a positioning sliding seat 416, a linear sliding rail 417, a linear sliding groove 418 and a cutter body clamping groove 419. The arc-shaped sliding rail 412 is movably connected on one side of the connecting rod 411. The top of the arc-shaped sliding rail 412 penetrates to form the arc-shaped sliding groove 413. The roller 415 is movably installed in the arc-shaped sliding groove 413. The arc-shaped sliding rail 412 is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped cutter body 414 on one side. The roller 415 is movably connected with the positioning sliding seat 416 on one side. The positioning sliding seat 416 is movably connected in the linear sliding groove 418. The linear sliding groove 418 is formed in the top of the linear sliding rail 417. The linear sliding rail 417 is provided with the cutter body clamping groove 419 on one side.

[0029] The linear sliding rail 417 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second blanking square tube 404. The positioning sliding seat 416 is composed of a sliding block and bearing seats symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block. The sliding block is movably connected in the linear sliding groove 418. The arc-shaped cutter body 414 is movably connected in the cutter body clamping groove 419. The arc-shaped sliding rail 412 is movably connected on one side of the linear sliding rail 417.

[0030] The compacting mechanism 2 comprises a compacting machine shell 201, a blanking port 202, a discharging chute 203, a small hydraulic machine 204 and a push block 205. The compacting machine shell 201 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second blanking square tube 404. The top of the compacting machine shell 201 is provided with the blanking port 202. The one side of the compacting machine shell 201 is fixedly connected with the discharging chute 203. The other side of the compacting machine shell 201 is provided with the small hydraulic machine 204. The output end of the small hydraulic machine 204 is fixedly connected with the push block 205.

[0031] The push block 205 is movably connected in the compacting machine shell 201. The blanking port 202 is arranged directly below the second blanking square tube 404. The one side of the discharging chute 203 is provided with a hole. The diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity of the compacting machine shell 201.

[0032] The included angle between the longitudinal traction roller 403 and the transverse traction roller 406 is 90°. The longitudinal traction roller 403 and the second blanking square tube 404 are both driven by motors.

[0033] Further explanation is needed:

[0034] The blanking funnel 3, the shearing mechanism 4 and the compaction mechanism 2 form a coherent and efficient work flow. The blanking funnel 3, by virtue of its funnel structure, can naturally guide the collected straw into the first blanking square tube 401, ensuring that the straw can smoothly enter the shearing mechanism 4. After the straw is accurately sheared in the shearing mechanism 4, it falls directly into the compactor shell 201 through the blanking port 202 directly below the second blanking square tube 404. In this process, the connection between the mechanisms is close, reducing the jamming and scattering of the straw during transmission, greatly improving the overall work efficiency.

[0035] The linear slide rail 417 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second blanking square tube 404 by bolts. This installation method makes it easy to operate when maintenance or replacement of the linear slide rail 417, the arc-shaped slide rail 412 or other related parts is needed. By simply unscrewing the bolts, the linear slide rail 417 can be completely disassembled, making it convenient for maintenance personnel to inspect, repair or replace the worn parts. Similarly, the arc-shaped cutter body 414 is inserted into the cutter body clamping groove 419 through the cutter handle and fastened by bolts. When the arc-shaped cutter body 414 is worn or damaged, it can be quickly disassembled from the cutter body clamping groove 419 for replacement of new cutters, greatly shortening the equipment downtime maintenance time.

[0036] For different thickness and toughness of straw, the device shows good adaptability. The longitudinal traction roller 403 and the transverse traction roller 406 are driven by independent motors. According to the characteristics of the straw, such as thicker straw that may require more traction, the motor speed and torque can be adjusted to enable the traction roller to stably transport the straw. At the same time, the high-precision speed regulation function of the servo motor 407 can adjust the shearing frequency for different toughness of straw. For straw with high toughness, the shearing frequency can be appropriately reduced to increase the intensity of single shearing, ensuring that the straw can be smoothly cut off, so as to ensure that the device can maintain a high-efficiency and stable working state when processing various types of straw.

[0037] The discharge chute 203 provided on one side of the compactor shell 201 has a smaller aperture than the inner cavity aperture of the compactor shell 201. This design plays a further role in compacting the straw. When the push block 205 is driven by the small hydraulic machine 204 to push the straw to the discharge chute 203, the straw will be further extruded in the process of passing through the discharge chute 203 due to the restriction of the aperture of the discharge chute 203, so that the compacted straw is more compact, facilitating subsequent storage, transportation and other processing.

[0038] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows:

[0039] Firstly, the straw enters the device through the feeding hopper 3. The funnel structure of the feeding hopper 3 can guide the straw to naturally fall to the first feeding square tube 401. In the first feeding square tube 401, the longitudinal guide block 402 preliminarily regulates the straw to arrange in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal traction roller 403 driven by the motor applies a longitudinal traction force to the straw, and conveys the straw downward to the second feeding square tube 404. In the second feeding square tube 404, the transverse guide block 405 further guides the straw to arrange in the transverse direction, and the transverse traction roller 406 cooperates with the longitudinal traction roller 403 to stably convey the straw to the shearing position with a 90° angle.

[0040] Then, the servo motor 407 serves as the power source of the shearing action. After being started, the output shaft of the servo motor 407 drives the belt 408 to rotate, the belt 408 drives the pin wheel 409, and the eccentric wheel 410 at the top of the pin wheel 409 rotates. The eccentric motion of the eccentric wheel 410 is transmitted to the arc-shaped slide rail 412 through the connecting rod 411, so that the arc-shaped slide rail 412 reciprocates. The arc-shaped slide groove 413 at the top of the arc-shaped slide rail 412 cooperates with the roller 415 to ensure stable movement. The arc-shaped knife body 414 on one side of the arc-shaped slide rail 412 shears the straw during the movement. The positioning slide 416 slides in the straight slide groove 418 to limit the movement direction of the arc-shaped knife body 414, and ensures the accuracy of each shearing. The knife body clamping groove 419 positions the arc-shaped knife body 414 to ensure the shearing quality.

[0041] Next, the sheared straw falls into the compactor shell 201 through the feeding opening 202 below the second feeding square tube 404. The small hydraulic machine 204 drives the push block 205 to move in the compactor shell 201, and applies pressure to the straw to compact the straw. The compacted straw is discharged through the discharge chute 203. The hole diameter on one side of the discharge chute 203 is smaller than the hole diameter of the inner cavity of the compactor shell 201, so that the straw is further extruded during the discharging process, thereby obtaining a more compact compaction effect.

[0042] Finally, the vehicle body 1 provides a stable support platform for the entire device, and ensures that the center of gravity of the device is stable and not easy to fall during the operation. The internal components of each mechanism are installed by reasonable methods such as bolt connection and movable connection, so as to ensure that the relative position relationship of each component is stable under long-time and high-strength work, and the reliable operation of the equipment is maintained.

[0043] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An agricultural straw crushing and compacting device comprising a vehicle body (1), characterised in that: The top of the vehicle body (1) is provided with a compaction mechanism (2), the top of the compaction mechanism (2) is provided with a shearing mechanism (4), and the top of the shearing mechanism (4) is provided with a discharging hopper (3); The shearing mechanism (4) comprises a first discharging square tube (401), a longitudinal guide block (402), a longitudinal traction roller (403), a second discharging square tube (404), a transverse guide block (405) and a transverse traction roller (406), the first discharging square tube (401) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharging hopper (3), the inside of the first discharging square tube (401) is symmetrically provided with the longitudinal guide block (402), the bottom of the longitudinal guide block (402) is symmetrically provided with the longitudinal traction roller (403), the bottom of the first discharging square tube (401) is fixedly installed with the second discharging square tube (404), the inside of the second discharging square tube (404) is symmetrically provided with the transverse guide block (405), and the bottom of the transverse guide block (405) is symmetrically provided with the transverse traction roller (406).

2. The agricultural straw crushing and compacting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shearing mechanism (4) further comprises a servo motor (407), a belt (408), a leather wheel (409), an eccentric wheel (410) and a connecting rod (411), the servo motor (407) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second discharging square tube (404), the output end of the servo motor (407) is movably installed with the belt (408), one side of the belt (408) is driven with the leather wheel (409), the top of the leather wheel (409) is fixedly installed with the eccentric wheel (410), and the top of the eccentric wheel (410) is movably installed with the connecting rod (411).

3. The agricultural straw crushing and compacting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shearing mechanism (4) further comprises an arc-shaped sliding rail (412), an arc-shaped sliding groove (413), an arc-shaped cutter body (414), a roller (415), a positioning sliding seat (416), a linear sliding rail (417), a linear sliding groove (418) and a cutter body clamping groove (419), the arc-shaped sliding rail (412) is movably connected on one side of the connecting rod (411), the top of the arc-shaped sliding rail (412) is provided with the arc-shaped sliding groove (413), the inside of the arc-shaped sliding groove (413) is movably installed with the roller (415), one side of the arc-shaped sliding rail (412) is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped cutter body (414), one side of the roller (415) is movably connected with the positioning sliding seat (416), the positioning sliding seat (416) is movably connected in the inside of the linear sliding groove (418), the linear sliding groove (418) is provided on the top of the linear sliding rail (417), and the linear sliding rail (417) is provided with the cutter body clamping groove (419) on one side.

4. The straw crushing and compacting device for agricultural use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear sliding rail (417) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second discharging square tube (404) through bolts, the positioning sliding seat (416) is composed of a sliding block and bearing seats symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block, the sliding block is movably connected in the inside of the linear sliding groove (418), the arc-shaped cutter body (414) is movably connected in the inside of the cutter body clamping groove (419), and the arc-shaped sliding rail (412) is movably connected on one side of the linear sliding rail (417).

5. The agricultural straw crushing and compacting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compaction mechanism (2) comprises a compaction machine shell (201), a discharging port (202), a discharge chute (203), a small hydraulic machine (204) and a push block (205), the compaction machine shell (201) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second discharging square tube (404), the top of the compaction machine shell (201) is provided with the discharging port (202), one side of the compaction machine shell (201) is fixedly connected with the discharge chute (203), the other side of the compaction machine shell (201) is provided with the small hydraulic machine (204), and the output end of the small hydraulic machine (204) is fixedly connected with the push block (205).

6. The straw crushing and compacting device for agricultural use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push block (205) is movably connected in the interior of the compaction machine shell (201), the discharging port (202) is arranged directly below the second discharging square tube (404), one side of the discharge chute (203) is provided with a hole, and the hole diameter is smaller than the hole diameter of the interior cavity of the compaction machine shell (201).

7. The agricultural straw crushing and compacting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the longitudinal traction roller (403) and the transverse traction roller (406) is 90°, and the longitudinal traction roller (403) and the second discharging square tube (404) are driven by motors.

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