Coated flywheel
By setting a layered coating layer on the outer periphery of the flywheel body of the flywheel energy storage device, the problem of easy peeling of DLC coating under high-speed rotation is solved, and the coating layer is firmly attached and has a long service life, reducing maintenance frequency and cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520266895.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-19
AI Technical Summary
In existing flywheel energy storage devices, the bonding strength between the DLC coating and the carbon fiber substrate is insufficient, which makes the coating easy to peel off under high-speed rotation, affecting the integrity of the flywheel structure and increasing maintenance costs.
The coating adopts a layered coating structure, including an underlayer, a transition layer, and a composite layer. The underlayer is adsorbed and connected to the flywheel body, the transition layer is bonded to the composite layer, and the composite layer is exposed to the outside. Covalent bonds are formed between the layers through physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition to ensure that the coating layer is not easy to fall off under complex working conditions.
It extends the service life of the flywheel, reduces the frequency of coating replacement and maintenance, improves the energy storage effect of the flywheel energy storage device, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223723216U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to rotor technical field, concretely relates to a plated flywheel. BACKGROUND
[0002] Flywheel energy storage device is a mechanical device for storing energy by high-speed rotating flywheel, and the flexible conversion between kinetic energy and electric energy is realized by the motor-generator coaxial with the flywheel body. The existing flywheel energy storage device generally uses liquid dynamic bearing technology to support flywheel rotation, and the flywheel inertia is large, and the rotor diameter of the flywheel energy storage device is large, and the rotating speed is high (generally tens of thousands of revolutions per minute), which is extremely easy to wear the flywheel and affect the service life of the flywheel energy storage device. In order to solve this problem, the flywheel is generally plated by plating technology.
[0003] The conventional plating treatment is to use DLC plating technology, but the existing flywheel is generally made of carbon fiber composite material, and the bonding strength of DLC plating and carbon fiber substrate may be insufficient, especially under high-speed rotating dynamic stress, the plated film is easy to peel off due to mechanical fatigue or thermal expansion coefficient difference, thereby threatening the structural integrity of the flywheel. Moreover, DLC plating is more suitable for static or low-speed scenarios (such as tool coating, automobile parts), and flywheel energy storage requires materials to operate stably under extreme dynamic conditions for a long time. There is a conflict between DLC plating technology and the core requirements of flywheel energy storage, and the effect after plating is not ideal, which increases the maintenance cost and the workload of employees. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0004] The utility model embodiment provides a kind of plated flywheel, to solve the technical problem of DLC plating in prior art when being applied to flywheel, which is prone to peeling off, low plating quality, and increases maintenance cost and manufacturing cost.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0006] In a first aspect, a plated flywheel is provided, comprising a flywheel body and a plating layer disposed on the outer periphery of the flywheel body. The plating layer includes a primer layer, a transition layer, and a composite layer arranged in sequence away from the central axis of the flywheel body. The primer layer is adsorbed and connected to the flywheel body. The transition layer is bonded to the primer layer and the composite layer, respectively. The surface of the composite layer is parallel to the surface of the flywheel body, and the composite layer is exposed to the external environment.
[0007] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the thickness of the transition layer is less than the thickness of the primer layer, and the thickness of the transition layer is less than the thickness of the composite layer.
[0008] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the thickness of the base layer is 1-1.7 um, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.2-0.4 um, and the thickness of the composite layer is 2.4-2.6 um.
[0009] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the base layer is a chromium metal plating layer.
[0010] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the transition layer is a chromium-carbon-hydrogen plating layer.
[0011] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the composite layer is a multilayer structure, and the composite layer comprises at least one wear-resistant layer and one wear-reducing layer, the wear-resistant layer is bonded to the transition layer, and the wear-reducing layer is arranged on the side of the wear-resistant layer away from the transition layer and is bonded to the wear-resistant layer.
[0012] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the wear-resistant layer is a carbon-hydrogen plating layer.
[0013] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the wear-reducing layer is a molybdenum dioxide-carbon-hydrogen plating layer.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the film-coated flywheel has the film-coated layer arranged on the outer periphery of the flywheel body, the flywheel body is protected by the film-coated layer, the wear of the flywheel body is reduced, and the service life of the flywheel body is prolonged; the film-coated layer has a layered structure of a base layer, a transition layer and a composite layer, and different functional film layers can be organically combined. The adsorption connection between the base layer and the flywheel body can ensure that the initial adhesion of the film coating is firm, the transition layer plays a bridge role between the base layer and the composite layer, and the bonded connection ensures the close combination between the layers, so that the film-coated layer is not easy to fall off under complex working conditions such as high-speed rotation and temperature change of the flywheel body, and the service life of the film coating is prolonged.
[0015] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the outer periphery of the bearing is further provided with a heat-conducting film and a lubricating film, the heat-conducting film is plated on the outer periphery of the bearing, and the lubricating film is plated on the outer periphery of the heat-conducting film.
[0016] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the outer periphery of the bearing is further provided with a heat-conducting film and a lubricating film, the heat-conducting film is plated on the outer periphery of the bearing, and the lubricating film is plated on the outer periphery of the heat-conducting film.
[0017] The flywheel energy storage device provided by the utility model compares prior art, sets up the film plating layer in the outer periphery of flywheel body, protects flywheel body through the film plating layer, reduces the abrasion of flywheel body, prolongs the service life of flywheel body, the film plating layer is the layered structure of primer layer, transition layer and composite layer, and different functional film layers can be organically combined. The adsorption connection of primer layer and flywheel body can ensure the initial adhesion of film plating, the transition layer plays the role of bridge between primer layer and composite layer, and the bonding connection guarantees the close combination between layers, so that the film plating layer is not easy to fall off under the complex working conditions such as high-speed rotation and temperature change of flywheel body, prolongs the service life of film plating. The film plating replacement frequency is low, the maintenance frequency is less, the number of flywheel energy storage device stop is reduced, the energy storage effect can be improved, and the flywheel cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical problems to be solved by the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
[0019] Fig. 1 The sectional view of the film plating flywheel provided by an embodiment of the utility model is provided.
[0020] Fig. 2 The structural schematic diagram of the film plating flywheel provided by an embodiment of the utility model is provided.
[0021] Explanation of reference signs:
[0022] 1, flywheel body;
[0023] 2, primer layer;
[0024] 3, transition layer;
[0025] 4, composite layer;41, wear-resistant layer;42, friction-reducing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the utility model, the technical solutions and the beneficial effects more clearly, the following will be further described in detail by combining with the drawings and the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.
[0027] With reference to the drawings and the embodiments described herein, it will be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. Departures can be made from these details without departing from the spirit of the application. The embodiments described herein are intended to be merely illustrative of the many ways in which the principles of the present application can be employed. It will be appreciated that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. Departures can be made from these details without departing from the spirit of the application.
[0028] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.
[0029] The relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the application unless otherwise specifically stated. It is to be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale as the dimensions of the various parts can have been arbitrarily inflated for the sake of pictorial clarity. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present description. Any example shown and discussed herein is to be considered illustrative only and not restrictive in character, unless otherwise specifically stated. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It is to be noted that like numbers and letters refer to like elements throughout the several views of the drawings and that the exemplar}' embodiments can not reflect the true scale or proportions of the various elements shown. The terms "comprise(s)," "comprising," "contain(s)," "containing," "include(s)," "including," and the like, are open-ended terms that are used to enable this disclosure to cover and / or encompass a wide range of elements, compositions, methods, acts, steps, etc. Similarly, the terms "coupled," "coupling," "connected," "connecting," or "connect" (and the like) are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect connections, as well as fixed and removable connections. The terms "exemplary" and "for example" are used to identify particular elements that are used as examples, and are not intended to be limiting.
[0030] It is to be further understood that the terms "comprise(s)," "comprising," "contain(s)," "containing," "include(s)," "including," and the like, are open-ended terms that are used to enable this disclosure to cover and / or encompass a wide range of elements, compositions, methods, acts, steps, etc. Similarly, the terms "coupled," "coupling," "connected," "connecting," or "connect" (and the like) are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect connections, as well as fixed and removable connections. The terms "exemplary" and "for example" are used to identify particular elements that are used as examples, and are not intended to be limiting.
[0031] For purposes of the description hereinafter, spatial relations terms, such as "above", "below", "upper", "lower", and the like, can be used with respect to the device or feature under discussion. These spatial relation terms are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims to only devices in which the device or feature is oriented in the position described in the figure(s). Rather, the spatial relation terms are to be taken in context with the particular figure(s) illustrated. For example, if the device in the figure(s) was inverted, then a device or element described as "above" or "up" other devices or elements would now be oriented "below" or "down" the other devices or elements. Thus, the examples used herein are intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. The spatial relation terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device or feature in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figure(s) was inverted, then a device or element described as "above" or "up" other devices or elements would now be oriented "below" or "down" the other devices or elements. Accordingly, the spatial relation terms are intended to encompass all possible orientations of the device or feature.
[0032] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., are used herein only to describe different instances, and do not imply or connote relative importance or a number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In addition, the meaning of "a plurality of", "several" is two or more, unless otherwise expressly specified.
[0033] Please refer to Figs. 1-2 The present application provides a coated flywheel. The coated flywheel comprises a flywheel body and a coating layer arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the flywheel body. The coating layer comprises a primer layer, a transition layer and a composite layer arranged in sequence away from the central axis of the flywheel body. The primer layer is attached to the flywheel body by adsorption. The transition layer is bonded to the primer layer and the composite layer. The surface of the composite layer is parallel to the surface of the flywheel body, and the composite layer is exposed to the external environment.
[0034] It should be noted that the friction coefficient of the outer circumferential surface of the composite layer is less than 0.05.
[0035] It should be noted that the primer layer is deposited on the surface of the flywheel body and adheres to the flywheel body by van der Waals force between atoms or molecules.
[0036] It should be noted that the bonded connection means that the cross sections of the transition layer, the composite layer and the primer layer form covalent bonds between the atoms in the adjacent two under certain process conditions, so that the bonding effect between the transition layer and the composite layer and the bonding effect between the primer layer and the transition layer are improved, and the connection strength is improved.
[0037] In the embodiment, the adsorptive connection between the base layer 2 and the flywheel body 1 provides a good initial adhesion interface for the entire coating layer. The base layer 2 can adapt to the surface characteristics of the flywheel body 1, whether the flywheel body 1 is made of metal or composite material, and can closely adhere to lay the foundation for the deposition of subsequent layers, thereby ensuring the integrity and uniformity of the entire coating layer.
[0038] The transition layer 3 is bonded to the base layer 2 and the composite layer 4, respectively, and can effectively buffer the stress generated between the two layers due to differences in material properties (such as thermal expansion coefficient, hardness, etc.). When the flywheel is subjected to temperature changes, centrifugal force, etc. during operation, the transition layer 3 can prevent cracks or delamination between the layers due to stress concentration, thereby improving the damage resistance of the coating layer.
[0039] The coating flywheel provided in the embodiment is compared with the prior art. The coating layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the flywheel body 1, which protects the flywheel body 1, reduces the wear of the flywheel body 1, and prolongs the service life of the flywheel body 1. The coating layer has a layered structure of the base layer 2, the transition layer 3, and the composite layer 4, which can organically combine different functional film layers. The adsorptive connection between the base layer 2 and the flywheel body 1 can ensure the initial adhesion of the coating to be firm, and the transition layer 3 acts as a bridge between the base layer 2 and the composite layer 4, and the bonding connection ensures the close combination between the layers, thereby making the coating layer not easy to fall off under complex working conditions such as high-speed rotation of the flywheel body 1 and temperature changes, and prolonging the service life of the coating.
[0040] In some embodiments, referring to Fig. 1 The thickness of the transition layer 3 is less than the thickness of the base layer 2, and the thickness of the transition layer 3 is less than the thickness of the composite layer 4. The transition layer 3 plays a role in bonding, and the thickness is smaller than the thickness of the base layer 2 and the composite layer 4, effectively affecting the integrity of the coating layer.
[0041] In some embodiments, the thickness of the base layer 2 is 1-1.7 um, the thickness of the transition layer 3 is 0.2-0.4 um, and the thickness of the composite layer 4 is 2.4-2.6 um.
[0042] As a specific embodiment of the coating layer, the thickness of the base layer 2 is 1.5 um, the thickness of the transition layer 3 is 0.3 um, and the thickness of the composite layer 4 is 2.5 um.
[0043] In some embodiments, the base layer 2 is a chromium metal coating layer. Chromium metal has good adsorption to the substrate, good thermal conductivity and thermal stability, can conduct heat to the flywheel body 1 during operation, and can quickly oxidize to form a thin chromium oxide film when the coating layer is damaged, thereby avoiding oxidation of the flywheel body 1 and prolonging the service life of the flywheel.
[0044] In some embodiments, the transition layer 3 is a chromium-carbon-hydrogen plating layer. The chromium-carbon-hydrogen plating layer has good compatibility with the base layer 2 made of chromium, increasing the connection stability of the transition layer 3 and the base layer 2; the hardness of the chromium-carbon-hydrogen plating layer is lower than that of the base layer 2, and the hardness gradient of the plating layer gradually decreases, which can buffer the stress generated by the hardness difference between the base layer 2 and the composite layer 4, avoid stress concentration, and improve the overall stability of the plating layer.
[0045] It should be noted that the chromium metal and the carbon source are ionized by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition, and the ionized atoms are deposited to form the chromium-carbon-hydrogen plating layer.
[0046] In some embodiments, referring to Fig. 1 The composite layer 4 is a multi-layer structure, and the composite layer 4 includes at least one wear-resistant layer 41 and one friction-reducing layer 42. The wear-resistant layer 41 is bonded to the transition layer 3, and the friction-reducing layer 42 is arranged on the side of the wear-resistant layer 41 away from the transition layer 3 and is bonded to the wear-resistant layer 41. The wear-resistant layer 41 can improve durability, protect the base material and component precision, and the friction-reducing layer 42 can reduce energy loss due to friction with the bearing, lubricate the friction between the bearing and the flywheel, and reduce the friction coefficient to prolong the service life of the flywheel and the bearing.
[0047] In specific implementation, the thickness of the wear-resistant layer 41 is 1.5 um, and the thickness of the friction-reducing layer 42 is 1 um. The friction coefficient of the friction-reducing layer is less than 0.05.
[0048] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant layer 41 is a carbon-hydrogen plating layer. The carbon-hydrogen plating layer and the material of the transition layer 3 can be bonded, improving the structural connection strength and stability.
[0049] In some embodiments, the friction-reducing layer 42 is a molybdenum dioxide-carbon-hydrogen plating layer. The molybdenum dioxide-carbon-hydrogen plating layer contains molybdenum dioxide and also contains carbon-hydrogen bonds. The carbon-hydrogen can be bonded to the wear-resistant layer 41, improving the structural strength, and the addition of molybdenum dioxide can reduce the friction coefficient of the friction-reducing layer 42 and improve the lubricity, which is conducive to prolonging the service life of the flywheel.
[0050] It should be noted that the molybdenum dioxide-carbon-hydrogen plating layer is formed by converting molybdenum dioxide and carbon source materials and the like into a molybdenum dioxide-carbon-hydrogen plating layer by chemical vapor deposition.
[0051] Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a flywheel energy storage device, which includes a device body and a plating flywheel according to any one of the above embodiments. A vacuum chamber is formed in the device body, a bearing is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the plating flywheel is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing.
[0052] The arrangement of the vacuum chamber can reduce the influence of the environment on the rotation of the flywheel.
[0053] Compared with the prior art, the flywheel energy storage device provided by the embodiment has a plating film layer arranged on the outer periphery of the flywheel body 1, the flywheel body 1 is protected by the plating film layer, the wear of the flywheel body 1 is reduced, and the service life of the flywheel body 1 is prolonged; the plating film layer has a layered structure of a primer layer 2, a transition layer 3 and a composite layer 4, and different functional film layers can be organically combined. The adsorption connection between the primer layer 2 and the flywheel body 1 can ensure that the initial adhesion of the plating film is firm, the transition layer 3 plays a bridging role between the primer layer 2 and the composite layer 4, and the bonding connection ensures the close combination between the layers, so that the plating film layer is not easy to fall off under complex working conditions such as high-speed rotation and temperature change of the flywheel body 1, and the service life of the plating film is prolonged. The plating film has low replacement frequency, less maintenance frequency, and the flywheel energy storage device has reduced stopping frequency, which can improve the energy storage effect and reduce the cost of the flywheel.
[0054] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the bearing is further provided with a heat-conducting film and a lubricating film, the heat-conducting film is plated on the outer periphery of the bearing, and the lubricating film is plated on the outer periphery of the heat-conducting film. The heat-conducting film can conduct heat to the bearing when the bearing rotates at a high speed, so as to avoid overheating of the bearing, and the lubricating film can reduce friction and wear between the bearing and the plated flywheel.
[0055] In specific implementation, the heat-conducting film is a copper film, and the lubricating film is a molybdenum disulfide film.
[0056] The above only describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A coated flywheel, characterized by, The flywheel body and a coating layer arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the flywheel body; the coating layer comprises a primer layer, a transition layer and a composite layer arranged in sequence away from the central axis of the flywheel body, the primer layer is adsorbed and connected with the flywheel body, the transition layer is bonded with the primer layer and the composite layer respectively, the surface of the composite layer is parallel to the surface of the flywheel body, and the composite layer is exposed to the external environment.
2. The coated flywheel of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the transition layer is less than the thickness of the primer layer, and the thickness of the transition layer is less than the thickness of the composite layer.
3. The coated flywheel of claim 2, wherein, The thickness of the primer layer is 1-1.7 um, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.2-0.4 um, and the thickness of the composite layer is 2.4-2.6 um.
4. The coated flywheel of claim 1, wherein, The primer layer is a chromium metal coating layer.
5. The coated flywheel of claim 4, wherein, The transition layer is a chromium-carbon-hydrogen coating layer.
6. The coated flywheel of claim 1, wherein, The composite layer is a multilayer structure, the composite layer comprises at least one wear-resistant layer and one wear-reducing layer, the wear-resistant layer is bonded with the transition layer, and the wear-reducing layer is arranged on the side of the wear-resistant layer away from the transition layer and is bonded with the wear-resistant layer.
7. The coated flywheel of claim 6, wherein, The wear-resistant layer is a carbon-hydrogen coating layer.
8. The coated flywheel of claim 6, wherein, The wear-reducing layer is a molybdenum dioxide-carbon-hydrogen coating layer.
9. A flywheel energy storage device, characterized by, The device body and the coated flywheel as claimed in any one of claims 1-8; a vacuum chamber is arranged on the device body, a bearing is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the coated flywheel is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing.
10. The flywheel energy storage device of claim 9, wherein, The outer circumferential surface of the bearing is further provided with a heat-conducting film and a lubricating film, the heat-conducting film is coated on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing, and the lubricating film is coated on the outer circumferential surface of the heat-conducting film.