2*4 switch matrix

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 2 * 4 switch matrix, which belongs to the technical field of radio frequency and comprises a first radio frequency input link, a second radio frequency input link, a switch switching network, an output synthesis network and a control and power supply module. The first radio frequency input link and the second radio frequency input link have the same structure and are mutually independent, and each of the first radio frequency input link and the second radio frequency input link comprises a radio frequency input port, a first attenuator and a power divider which are sequentially connected in series; the input end of the switch switching network is connected with the output end of the power divider in the first radio frequency input link and the output end of the power divider in the second radio frequency input link, and the switch switching network is used for receiving eight paths of signals from the two links and conducting channel gating under the action of control signals. The input end of the output synthesis network is connected with the output end of the switch switching network, and the output synthesis network is used for synthesizing and amplifying the gated signals. The utility model solves the problems of insufficient isolation and poor standing wave performance of the traditional matrix, has the functions of high integration level, fast switching and built-in self-checking, and is especially suitable for high-performance radio frequency systems such as satellite communication and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of radio frequency technology especially relates to a 2 * 4 switch matrix. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern wireless communication systems, especially in satellite communication payload systems, phased array radar channel switching, electronic countermeasures and aerospace electronic devices, it is often necessary to route and schedule multiple radio frequency signals at high speed and high reliability. As the core switching unit of the system, the performance of the switch matrix is directly related to the indicators and stability of the entire system. Existing microwave switch matrix solutions often face the following key technical bottlenecks:

[0003] 1. Insufficient channel isolation: In the 1-4GHz operating frequency band, the isolation of conventional switch matrices is only about 40dBc. This level of isolation will cause severe inter-channel signal crosstalk when multiple channels are working simultaneously, resulting in signal distortion and increased bit error rate, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of high-precision measurement and control, high-speed data transmission and other modern application scenarios for signal purity.

[0004] 2. Poor VSWR performance: In traditional switch matrix design, due to imperfect impedance matching or the use of reflective switches, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the input / output ports is often greater than 2.0. Poor VSWR performance can cause significant signal energy reflection at the port, not only increasing link transmission loss, but also potentially damaging the front-end power amplifier and other devices, affecting the stability and reliability of the entire link.

[0005] 3. Slow response speed: In some applications that require fast beam switching or signal scheduling (such as phased array radars), switching speed is critical. Although traditional mechanical or electromechanical switches have high isolation, their millisecond (ms) switching speed has become a bottleneck for system response time, making it impossible to meet the fast response requirements of modern electronic systems in microseconds (μs) or even nanoseconds (ns).

[0006] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, existing technologies have made some improvements, such as using more advanced switch chips or optimizing circuit layout, but often only solve a single problem and are difficult to balance high isolation, low VSWR and miniaturization. For example, when using multiple switches in series to improve isolation, additional insertion loss and larger size are introduced.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new switch matrix design that can comprehensively solve the problems of low isolation, low VSWR, slow response speed and miniaturization to meet the application requirements of new-generation high-performance wireless communication systems. SUMMARY

[0008] The utility model discloses a purpose at overcoming the technical problem existing in prior art provides a 2x4 switch matrix.

[0009] The utility model discloses a purpose is realized through following technical scheme:

[0010] Provide a 2x4 switch matrix, including first radio frequency input link, second radio frequency input link, switch switching network, output synthesis network and control and power module,

[0011] First radio frequency input link and second radio frequency input link structure are same and independent, and all include radio frequency input port, first attenuator and power divider that connect gradually in series,

[0012] The input of switch switching network is connected the output of power divider in first radio frequency input link and second radio frequency input link respectively, is used to receive eight-way signal from two links, and carries out channel gating under the action of control signal,

[0013] The input of output synthesis network is connected the output of switch switching network, is used to synthesize and amplify the signal of gating,

[0014] Control and power module are used to provide operating power for entire matrix and receive external control instruction, to drive switch switching network completes state switching.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switch switching network includes eight single-pole single-throw absorptive switches, the eight switches are combined into four groups of switch units in two-stage series connection mode, the input of each group of switch units is connected with the output of the power divider, and the output of each group of switch units is connected with the input of the output synthesis network.

[0016] In some embodiments, the single-pole single-throw absorptive switch is HMC435A.

[0017] In some embodiments, the power divider is a one-to-four power divider, and the model is NC6523C-104U.

[0018] In some embodiments, a second attenuator is further arranged between the power divider and the switch switching network, to perform secondary conditioning on the distributed signal.

[0019] In some embodiments, the output synthesis network includes a combiner, a low-noise amplifier and a directional coupler connected in sequence, the input of the combiner is connected with the output of each group of switch units, the first output of the directional coupler is connected to a radio frequency output port, and the second output of the directional coupler is connected to a detection comparison circuit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the detection comparison circuit comprises a detector and a voltage comparator connected in sequence.

[0021] In some embodiments, the detector is ADL5513.

[0022] In some embodiments, the combiner is NC6523C-104U, the low noise amplifier is MAX2615, and the directional coupler is SCBD-16-63HP+.

[0023] In some embodiments, the radio frequency output port and the radio frequency input port are SBMA-JFD connectors, and the control and power module is connected to the whole matrix through an interface, which is J29A-37ZK.

[0024] It should be further explained that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined or replaced with each other to form new technical solutions without conflict.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0026] 1. The utility model adopts eight absorption switches to form four groups of switch units in a two-stage series connection mode, realizes high isolation degree gating of input signals, realizes >60dBc isolation, and significantly reduces channel crosstalk.

[0027] 2. The radio frequency input link of the utility model comprises a radio frequency input port, a first attenuator and a power divider connected in sequence, the input standing wave ratio is compressed to below 2.0 through the attenuator+power divider combination, and the standing wave performance of the switch is improved.

[0028] 3. The second output end of the directional coupler of the utility model is connected to a detection comparison circuit, meets the requirement of self-checking output, and is suitable for unmanned or difficult-to-maintain aerospace environments.

[0029] 4. The radio frequency output port and the radio frequency input port of the utility model are SBMA-JFD connectors, the control and power module interface is J29A-37ZK, interface integration is realized, micro-assembly process and traditional process are combined, the volume and weight are minimized, the module can be designed integrally, and the reliability and stability of the module are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the utility model 2x4 switch matrix.

[0031] Figure 2 It is the circuit principle diagram of the utility model 2x4 switch matrix. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like are the directions or positional relationships described based on the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict.

[0036] Referring to Figure 1 , a 2x4 switch matrix is provided, comprising a first radio frequency input link, a second radio frequency input link, a switch switching network, an output synthesis network and a control and power module;

[0037] The first radio frequency input link and the second radio frequency input link are structurally identical and independent of each other, and each comprises a radio frequency input port, a first attenuator and a power divider connected in series;

[0038] The input end of the switch switching network is connected to the output end of the power divider in the first radio frequency input link and the second radio frequency input link, respectively, for receiving a total of eight signals from the two links, and for channel gating under the action of a control signal;

[0039] The input end of the output synthesis network is connected to the output end of the switch switching network, for synthesizing and amplifying the gated signals;

[0040] The control and power module is used to provide operating power to the entire matrix and receive external control commands to drive the switching network to complete state switching.

[0041] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the switching network includes eight single-pole single-throw (SPST) absorber switches. These eight switches are combined in a two-stage series configuration to form four groups of switching units. The input of each group of switching units is connected to the output of the power divider, and the output of each group of switching units is connected to the input of the output combining network. The SPST absorber switches are model HMC435A, with a switching time ≤100ns, meeting the ≤100ns requirement. Combining two SPST absorber switches satisfies the isolation requirement of ≥60dBc.

[0042] For example, the power divider is a 1-to-4 power divider, model NC6523C-104U. It distributes each input signal equally into four signals to provide a signal source for the subsequent eight switching channels.

[0043] For example, a second attenuator is further provided between the power divider and the switching network for secondary conditioning of the distributed signal. The first attenuator in the two RF input links is an adjustable attenuator used to attenuate the input signal from +6dBm to +11dBm to the optimal operating level range of the subsequent power divider.

[0044] For example, the output combining network includes a combiner, a low-noise amplifier (LNA), and a directional coupler connected in sequence; the input terminal of the combiner is connected to the output terminal of each group of switching units, for combining multiple signals from the switching network into one; the low-noise amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the combiner, for amplifying the combined signal; the first output terminal of the directional coupler is connected to the radio frequency output port, feeding the signal to the radio frequency output port; and the second output terminal of the directional coupler is connected to the detection and comparison circuit.

[0045] For example, the detection comparison circuit includes a detector and a voltage comparator connected in sequence. The detector is an ADL5513 model. Its operating frequency is 1MHz~4000MHz, and its detection power dynamic range is 58dB. Adding a comparator in the subsequent stage to compare the output can meet the requirements of the self-test output. The voltage comparator compares the detected voltage with a preset threshold and then reports the self-test status through the SPI interface.

[0046] For example, the combiner is model NC6523C-104U, the low-noise amplifier is model MAX2615, and the directional coupler is model SCBD-16-63HP+.

[0047] Exemplarily, the radio frequency output port and the radio frequency input port are both SBMA-JFD connectors, and the control and power module is connected with the whole matrix through an interface, which is a J29A-37ZK interface.

[0048] Further, the link input end of the application is 2.9dB attenuated, and the standing wave of the latter power divider is ≤1.6, meeting the index requirement of input standing wave ≤2. The output end coupler SCBD-16-63HP+ has a return loss ≥30dB within the working frequency of 1GHz~4GHz, meeting the index requirement of output standing wave ≤2.

[0049] The above detailed description is a detailed description of the utility model, which cannot be determined to be limited to the description, and for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field to which the utility model belongs, without departing from the concept of the utility model, a number of simple deductions and substitutions can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A 2 x 4 switch matrix, characterized in that, The matrix comprises a first radio frequency input link, a second radio frequency input link, a switch switching network, an output synthesizing network and a control and power module; The first radio frequency input link and the second radio frequency input link are identical in structure and independent of each other, and each comprises a radio frequency input port, a first attenuator and a power divider connected in series. The input end of the switch switching network is connected to the output end of the power divider in the first radio frequency input link and the second radio frequency input link respectively, for receiving eight signals from the two links and performing channel gating under the action of a control signal. The input end of the output synthesizing network is connected to the output end of the switch switching network, for synthesizing and amplifying the gated signals. The control and power module is used for providing working power for the entire matrix and receiving external control instructions to drive the switch switching network to complete state switching.

2. A 2 x 4 switch matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch switching network comprises eight single-pole single-throw absorption switches, which are combined into four groups of switch units in a two-stage series connection mode, the input end of each group of switch units is connected to the output end of the power divider, and the output end of each group of switch units is connected to the input end of the output synthesizing network.

3. A 2 x 4 switch matrix according to claim 2, characterized in that, The single-pole single-throw absorption switch is of HMC435A type.

4. A 2 x 4 switch matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power divider is a one-to-four power divider of NC6523C-104U type.

5. A 2x4 switch matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second attenuator is further arranged between the power divider and the switch switching network, for performing secondary conditioning on the distributed signals.

6. A 2 x 4 switch matrix according to claim 2, wherein, The output synthesizing network comprises a combiner, a low-noise amplifier and a directional coupler connected in series, the input end of the combiner is connected to the output end of each group of switch units, the first output end of the directional coupler is connected to a radio frequency output port, and the second output end of the directional coupler is connected to a detection comparison circuit.

7. A 2 x 4 switch matrix according to claim 6, characterized in that The detection comparison circuit comprises a detector and a voltage comparator connected in series.

8. A 2x4 switch matrix according to claim 7, characterized in that, The detector is of ADL5513 type.

9. A 2x4 switch matrix according to claim 6, characterized in that, The combiner is of NC6523C-104U type, the low-noise amplifier is of MAX2615 type, and the directional coupler is of SCBD-16-63HP+ type.

10. A 2x4 switch matrix according to claim 6, wherein, The radio frequency output port and the radio frequency input port both adopt SBMA-JFD connectors, and the control and power module is connected to the entire matrix through an interface, and the interface is J29A-37ZK.

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