Air preheater structure for efficient biomass boiler

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass boilers, discloses an air preheater structure for a high-efficiency biomass boiler, and solves the problem that the heat exchange effect is poor due to the fact that the flow speed of cold air is too high in the heat exchange process. The cold air enters the first flow dividing pipe and then enters the second flow dividing pipes from the first flow dividing pipe, multi-stage flow dividing of the cold air is achieved, the contact area between the cold air and heat in smoke is greatly increased, then the heat exchange efficiency is improved, meanwhile, due to blocking of the multiple flow blocking blocks, the flowing stroke of the cold air in the second flow dividing pipes is greatly increased, and then the staying time is prolonged; and heat in the flue gas is fully exchanged, so that the heat exchange effect is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass, specifically to air preheater structure for efficient biomass boiler. BACKGROUND

[0002] The air preheater is a heating surface that preheats the air before entering the boiler to a certain temperature by the heat dissipation fins in the flue gas of the boiler tail, and is a device for improving the heat exchange performance of the boiler and reducing energy consumption.

[0003] The prior art patent with publication number CN214198753U discloses a biomass boiler air preheater tube bank structure. When in use, the boiler tail flue gas enters the air preheating box through the flue gas inlet pipe, outdoor air is drawn into the preheating front air temporary storage box by the air blower, and then passes through the air preheating box through the air column pipe to reach the preheating rear air temporary storage box. The cold air in the outdoor environment exchanges heat with the boiler tail flue gas in the air preheating box. However, the cold air flows through the air column pipe without any obstruction, which may result in incomplete heat exchange and waste of heat in the flue gas. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model discloses a kind of air preheater structures for efficient biomass boiler, and the device is worked, to solve the problem that cold air flow rate is too fast and leads to poor heat exchange effect in the process of heat exchange.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: an air preheater structure for efficient biomass boiler, including preheater shell, heat exchange assembly is arranged in the inside of preheater shell, dust cleaning mechanism is arranged on the inner side of preheater shell, preheater shell includes straight cylinder, one end of straight cylinder is fixedly installed with connecting cylinder one, the other end of straight cylinder is fixedly installed with connecting cylinder two, the middle part of connecting cylinder one and connecting cylinder two is all opened with through hole, heat exchange assembly includes air inlet pipe, one end of air inlet pipe is fixedly installed with a plurality of shunt tubes one, the outer side of shunt tube one is fixedly installed with a plurality of shunt tubes two, the end away from shunt tube one of shunt tube two is fixedly installed with air outlet pipe, a plurality of evenly arranged resistance blocks are fixedly installed in the inside of shunt tube two, cold air enters from air inlet pipe, and flows into a plurality of shunt tubes one, then enters a plurality of shunt tubes two from shunt tube one, realize multistage shunting to cold air, greatly increase the contact area with heat in flue gas, then speed up heat exchange efficiency, while because of the obstruction of a plurality of resistance blocks, the travel of cold air in shunt tube two is greatly increased, then increase the residence time, make it and heat in flue gas exchange heat fully, improve heat exchange effect.

[0006] Preferably, the outer side of the second shunt pipe is fixedly provided with a plurality of heat-conducting plates, the heat-conducting plates are arranged, further increase the contact area of flue gas and the second shunt pipe, and then improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, the outer side of the first connecting cylinder is fixedly provided with a smoke inlet pipe, and the outer side of the second connecting cylinder is fixedly provided with a smoke outlet pipe, through the position design, the flow stroke of flue gas in the straight cylinder is greatly increased, and then heat waste is avoided.

[0008] Preferably, the outer side of the straight cylinder is provided with a sliding groove, the ash removal mechanism comprises a connecting block fixedly connected with the outer surface of the straight cylinder, a reciprocating screw rod is arranged in the connecting block in a penetrating mode, the reciprocating screw rod is rotatably connected with the connecting block, a servo motor is fixedly arranged at the driving end of the reciprocating screw rod, a fixing piece is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the servo motor, the fixing piece is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the second connecting cylinder, a driven plate is threadedly arranged at the outer side of the reciprocating screw rod, the driven plate is slidably connected with the sliding groove, a scraper is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the driven plate, a smoke hole is arranged in the middle of the scraper in a penetrating mode, a plurality of scraping grooves are arranged in the scraper in a penetrating mode, the scraping grooves are slidably connected with the second shunt pipe and the heat-conducting plates, the reciprocating screw rod is driven to rotate by the servo motor, and then the driven plate drives the scraper to move horizontally, so that the ash and other impurities on the outer surface of the second shunt pipe are scraped off, and efficient heat exchange is guaranteed.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of multi-stage telescopic plates are fixedly arranged at the two sides of the driven plate, and one end, away from the driven plate, of each multi-stage telescopic plate is fixedly connected with the surface of the sliding groove, so that the leakage of flue gas is effectively prevented no matter how the driven plate moves horizontally.

[0010] Preferably, a collecting cavity is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the straight cylinder, and a collecting box is slidably arranged in the collecting cavity, so that the scraped impurities slide along the inner wall arc of the straight cylinder to the collecting cavity and then enter the collecting box, and subsequent treatment is facilitated.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of the following:

[0012] The utility model discloses a kind of efficient air preheater structures for biomass boiler, cold air enters from air inlet pipe, and flows into multiple shunt pipe one, then from shunt pipe one into multiple shunt pipe two, realize the multistage shunt of cold air, greatly increase the contact area with heat in flue gas, and then speed up heat exchange efficiency, simultaneously, because of the block of multiple choke blocks, the flow stroke of cold air in shunt pipe two is greatly increased, and then increase residence time, make it and heat in flue gas carry out sufficient heat exchange, improve heat exchange effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is whole structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a preheater shell structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a preheater shell structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a dust cleaning mechanism structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a heat exchange assembly structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a resistance block structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0019] In the drawing: 1, preheater shell; 11, straight cylinder; 12, connecting cylinder one; 13, connecting cylinder two; 14, through hole; 15, smoke inlet pipe; 16, smoke exhaust pipe; 17, chute; 18, collection cavity; 19, collection box; 2, heat exchange assembly; 21, air inlet pipe; 22, shunt pipe one; 23, shunt pipe two; 24, air outlet pipe; 25, heat conduction plate; 26, resistance block; 3, dust cleaning mechanism; 31, connecting block; 32, reciprocating screw rod; 33, servo motor; 34, fixed part; 35, driven plate; 36, multistage telescopic plate; 37, scraper; 38, smoke hole; 39, scraping groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0021] In order to further understand the content of the utility model, the utility model will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0022] Combined with the drawings, Figures 1-3 , Figures 5-6The utility model provides a kind of high-efficiency biomass boiler air preheater structure, including preheater shell 1, the inside of preheater shell 1 is provided with heat exchange component 2, the inside of preheater shell 1 is provided with ash removal mechanism 3, preheater shell 1 includes straight cylinder 11, one end of straight cylinder 11 is fixedly installed with connecting cylinder one 12, the other end of straight cylinder 11 is fixedly installed with connecting cylinder two 13, the middle part of connecting cylinder one 12 and connecting cylinder two 13 is all penetrated and is equipped with through-hole 14, heat exchange component 2 includes air inlet pipe 21, one end of air inlet pipe 21 is fixedly installed with multiple shunt tubes one 22, the outside of shunt tubes one 22 is fixedly installed with multiple shunt tubes two 23, the end of shunt tubes two 23 away from shunt tubes one 22 is fixedly installed with air outlet pipe 24, the inside of shunt tubes two 23 is fixedly installed with multiple evenly arranged resistance blocks 26, cold air enters from air inlet pipe 21, and flows into multiple shunt tubes one 22, then from shunt tubes one 22 into multiple shunt tubes two 23, realize the multistage shunt of cold air, greatly increase the contact area with heat in flue gas, to further speed up heat exchange efficiency, simultaneously because of the block of multiple resistance blocks 26, the travel of cold air in shunt tubes two 23 is greatly increased, to further increase the time length of stay, make it and the heat in flue gas carry out sufficient heat exchange, improve heat exchange effect.

[0023] In combination Figure 5 The outside of shunt tubes two 23 is fixedly installed with multiple heat-conducting plates 25, the setting of heat-conducting plate 25 further increases the contact area of flue gas and shunt tubes two 23, to further improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] In combination Figures 2-3 The outside of connecting cylinder one 12 is fixedly installed with smoke inlet pipe 15, and the outside of connecting cylinder two 13 is fixedly installed with smoke exhaust pipe 16, by the position design of this, the flow travel of flue gas in straight cylinder 11 is greatly increased, to further avoid the waste of heat.

[0025] In combination Figure 2 , Figure 4The outer side of the straight cylinder 11 is provided with a sliding groove 17, the dust cleaning mechanism 3 comprises a connecting block 31 fixedly connected with the outer surface of the straight cylinder 11, a reciprocating screw rod 32 is installed in the connecting block 31 in a penetrating mode, the reciprocating screw rod 32 is rotationally connected with the connecting block 31, a servo motor 33 is fixedly installed at the driving end of the reciprocating screw rod 32, a fixing piece 34 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the servo motor 33, the fixing piece 34 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connecting cylinder two 13, a driven plate 35 is screwedly installed at the outer side of the reciprocating screw rod 32, the driven plate 35 is slidingly connected with the sliding groove 17, a scraping plate 37 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the driven plate 35, a smoke hole 38 is formed in the middle portion of the scraping plate 37 in a penetrating mode, a plurality of scraping grooves 39 are formed in the scraping plate 37 in a penetrating mode, the scraping grooves 39 are slidingly connected with the shunt pipe two 23 and the heat conducting plate 25, the reciprocating screw rod 32 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 33, thereby driving the driven plate 35 to drive the scraping plate 37 to move horizontally, and the dust and other impurities on the outer surface of the shunt pipe two 23 are scraped off, so as to ensure efficient heat exchange.

[0026] In combination Figure 4 A plurality of multi-stage expansion plates 36 are fixedly installed at the two sides of the driven plate 35, one end of the multi-stage expansion plate 36, away from the driven plate 35, is fixedly connected with the surface of the sliding groove 17, and the multi-stage expansion plate 36 is arranged so that the driven plate 35 can effectively prevent the leakage of flue gas no matter how the driven plate 35 moves horizontally.

[0027] In combination Figure 3 A collecting cavity 18 is fixedly installed at the outer side of the straight cylinder 11, and a collecting box 19 is slidingly installed in the collecting cavity 18, the dust scraped off can slide along the inner wall arc of the straight cylinder 11 to the collecting cavity 18 and then enter the collecting box 19, so that the dust can be conveniently treated subsequently.

[0028] The specific working process and principle of the utility model are as follows: firstly, flue gas enters the straight cylinder 11 from the smoke inlet pipe 15 and is finally discharged from the smoke outlet pipe 16, while cold air enters from the air inlet pipe 21 and flows into the plurality of shunt pipes one 22, and then enters the plurality of shunt pipes two 23 from the shunt pipes one 22, so that the cold air is multi-stage shunted, the contact area with the heat in the flue gas is greatly increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is further improved, meanwhile, the plurality of resistance blocks 26 greatly increase the flow distance of the cold air in the shunt pipes two 23, thereby increasing the residence time, so that the cold air and the heat in the flue gas are fully exchanged, the plurality of heat conducting plates 25 are fixedly installed at the outer side of the shunt pipes two 23, the heat conducting plates 25 further increase the contact area of the flue gas and the shunt pipes two 23, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, after a period of operation, the reciprocating screw rod 32 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 33, thereby driving the driven plate 35 to drive the scraping plate 37 to move horizontally, the dust and other impurities on the outer surface of the shunt pipes two 23 are scraped off, so as to ensure efficient heat exchange, and the dust scraped off can slide along the inner wall arc of the straight cylinder 11 to the collecting cavity 18 and then enter the collecting box 19, so that the dust can be conveniently treated subsequently.

[0029] It should be noted that the relational terms herein, such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0030] While the embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency air preheater structure for a biomass boiler, comprising a preheater shell (1), the inside of the preheater shell (1) is provided with a heat exchange assembly (2), the inner side of the preheater shell (1) is provided with a soot blowing mechanism (3), characterized in that: The preheater shell (1) includes a straight cylinder (11), one end of the straight cylinder (11) is fixedly installed with a connecting cylinder one (12), the other end of the straight cylinder (11) is fixedly installed with a connecting cylinder two (13), the middle parts of the connecting cylinder one (12) and the connecting cylinder two (13) are both provided with through holes (14), the heat exchange assembly (2) includes an air inlet pipe (21), one end of the air inlet pipe (21) is fixedly installed with a plurality of shunt pipes one (22), the outer side of the shunt pipe one (22) is fixedly installed with a plurality of shunt pipes two (23), one end of the shunt pipe two (23) away from the shunt pipe one (22) is fixedly installed with an air outlet pipe (24), the inside of the shunt pipe two (23) is fixedly installed with a plurality of uniformly arranged flow resistance blocks (26).

2. A high efficiency air preheater structure for biomass boilers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The outer side of the shunt pipe two (23) is fixedly installed with a plurality of heat conduction plates (25).

3. A high efficiency air preheater structure for biomass boilers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The outer side of the connecting cylinder one (12) is fixedly installed with a smoke inlet pipe (15), and the outer side of the connecting cylinder two (13) is fixedly installed with a smoke exhaust pipe (16).

4. A high efficiency air preheater structure for biomass boilers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The outer side of the straight cylinder (11) is provided with a sliding groove (17), the ash removal mechanism (3) includes a connecting block (31) fixedly connected with the outer surface of the straight cylinder (11), a reciprocating lead screw (32) is installed in the inside of the connecting block (31) in a penetrating manner, the reciprocating lead screw (32) is rotatably connected with the connecting block (31), a servo motor (33) is fixedly installed at the driving end of the reciprocating lead screw (32), a fixed part (34) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the servo motor (33), the fixed part (34) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connecting cylinder two (13), a driven plate (35) is screwedly installed at the outer side of the reciprocating lead screw (32), the driven plate (35) is slidingly connected with the sliding groove (17), a scraper (37) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the driven plate (35), a smoke passing hole (38) is formed in the middle part of the scraper (37) in a penetrating manner, a plurality of scraping grooves (39) are formed in the inside of the scraper (37) in a penetrating manner, the scraping grooves (39) are matched with the shunt pipe two (23) and the heat conduction plate (25) and are slidingly connected.

5. A high efficiency air preheater structure for biomass fired boilers as claimed in claim 4 wherein: The two sides of the driven plate (35) are both fixedly installed with a plurality of multi-stage expansion plates (36), one end of the multi-stage expansion plate (36) away from the driven plate (35) is fixedly connected with the surface of the sliding groove (17).

6. A high efficiency air preheater structure for biomass fired boilers as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The outer side of the straight cylinder (11) is fixedly installed with a collecting cavity (18), and the collecting cavity (18) is slidingly installed with a collecting box (19).

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