Microwave heating dezincification reduction shaft furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of microwave metallurgical equipment, and discloses a microwave heating dezincification reduction shaft furnace which comprises a shaft furnace shell, the shaft furnace shell is fixedly connected to a supporting steel plate, a feeding flange and an anti-explosion buckle flange are installed at the top end of the shaft furnace shell, a discharging opening is formed in the bottom end of the shaft furnace shell, and a furnace lining is arranged in the shaft furnace shell. The gas circulation assembly comprises a gas outlet and a plurality of gas inlet pieces, the gas outlet is located in the top of the side wall of the shaft furnace shell, and the gas inlet pieces are arranged on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell in the axial direction; the temperature assembly comprises a plurality of heating devices and a plurality of temperature detection devices, and the heating devices and the temperature detection devices are arranged on the shaft furnace shell; and the furnace shape of the shaft furnace shell is one of a runway-shaped cylindrical structure or an elliptical cylindrical structure. The thermal stress borne by the furnace wall is greatly reduced, the service life of the furnace wall is prolonged, the dead zone area is effectively reduced, the gas utilization rate and the production efficiency are improved, the manufacturing cost is low, and construction is easy and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of microwave metallurgical equipment technology, and in particular to a microwave-heated dezincification and reduction vertical furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical shaft furnaces play a crucial role in pyrometallurgical zinc production. Inside the furnace, carbon is used as a reducing agent to reduce zinc oxide ore at temperatures above the boiling point of zinc. This process not only continuously distills zinc vapor by heating the furnace charge but also allows for precise control techniques to optimize the reaction, ultimately extracting high-quality metallic zinc. With advancements in pyrometallurgical zinc production technology, the design and operation of vertical shaft furnaces are continuously evolving towards greater efficiency and environmental friendliness.

[0003] Traditional vertical shaft furnaces are designed like upright cylinders, offering advantages such as compact structure, high thermal efficiency, ease of operation, and strong adaptability. However, in high-temperature operations, their design suffers from drawbacks including significant thermal stress on the furnace walls, shorter furnace wall lifespan, larger dead zones, and difficulty in increasing intake airflow. Furthermore, most commercially available vertical shaft furnaces employ a bottom-up intake method. Due to the large diameter of the cylindrical furnace, reducing gas struggles to reach the center of the stockpile from the periphery, resulting in uneven gas distribution across the furnace cross-section. The central area receives less reducing gas, leading to lower zinc vapor concentrations compared to the periphery. This reduces gas utilization and production efficiency, thereby increasing the fuel ratio and production costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a microwave-heated dezincification reduction vertical furnace to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microwave-heated dezincification reduction vertical furnace to solve the problems existing in the prior art, thereby reducing the thermal stress on the furnace wall and improving the utilization rate of reducing gas.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a microwave-heated dezincification reduction vertical furnace, including a furnace shell, which is fixedly connected to a supporting steel plate.

[0007] The top of the vertical furnace shell is equipped with a feeding flange and an explosion-proof buckle flange, the bottom of the vertical furnace shell is provided with a discharge port, and the interior of the vertical furnace shell is provided with a furnace lining;

[0008] A gas flow assembly includes a gas outlet and several gas inlets, wherein the gas outlet is located at the top of the side wall of the vertical furnace shell, and the several gas inlets are axially arranged on the outer wall of the vertical furnace shell.

[0009] A temperature assembly comprises a plurality of heating devices and a plurality of temperature detecting devices, which are arranged on the shaft furnace shell respectively.

[0010] The furnace shape of the shaft furnace shell is one of a racetrack-shaped cylindrical structure or an elliptical cylindrical structure.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the air inlets is 5, and the air inlets comprise a plurality of air inlet openings, which are arranged circumferentially on the shaft furnace shell, and the number of the air inlet openings on the air inlets from top to bottom is 5, 12, 12, 8 and 8 respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the heating devices are microwave heating devices, and the number of the heating devices is 620, which are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the temperature detecting devices is 10, which are arranged axially on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell in pairs, and two temperature detecting devices on the same horizontal plane are located on the plane side and the semicircular side of the racetrack-shaped cylindrical structure respectively, and adjacent two groups of the temperature detecting devices are cross-distributed on the plane side and the semicircular side of the racetrack-shaped cylindrical structure.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the temperature detecting devices is 10, which are arranged axially on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell in pairs, and two temperature detecting devices on the same horizontal plane are located on the major arc side and the minor arc side of the elliptical cylindrical structure respectively, and adjacent two groups of the temperature detecting devices are cross-distributed on the major arc side and the minor arc side of the elliptical cylindrical structure.

[0015] Preferably, the furnace lining comprises corundum brick furnace lining layer, mullite light aggregate brick furnace lining layer and high-aluminum light aggregate brick furnace lining layer arranged from bottom to top.

[0016] Preferably, a heat preservation layer is arranged between the furnace lining and the shaft furnace shell.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the shaft furnace shell is inwardly contracted into a funnel shape, the discharge port is located at the bottom end of the funnel shape, and the shape of the discharge port is matched with the shape of the shaft furnace shell.

[0018] Preferably, the gas outlet is a rectangular gas outlet, and the cross section of the gas outlet is a right trapezoid.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the vertical furnace has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0020] The utility model provides a kind of microwave heating dezincification reduction shaft furnace, vertical furnace shell is runway shape cylinder structure / elliptical cylinder structure, compared with circular vertical furnace, the design of runway shape cylinder structure / elliptical cylinder structure can greatly reduce the thermal stress that furnace wall receives, prolong the service life of furnace wall, effectively reduce dead zone area, improve the smelting capacity of side blowing, especially in the need of efficient smelting large-scale industrial application, its advantage is more obvious;Change cylindrical vertical furnace into runway shape cylinder structure / elliptical cylinder structure, can reduce the rebound times of random impact to furnace wall in raw material falling process, reduce the impact damage of furnace wall, improve the uniformity of raw material to form pile in furnace bottom, prevent middle material from being too high and too dense, while raw material is less in edge, greatly improve the contact with coal gas, enhance reduction efficiency;The air inlet mode of traditional vertical furnace can cause uneven distribution of coal gas, and the amount of reduction coal gas in the central region of the vertical furnace is insufficient, by the setting of several air inlets, the uniformity of coal gas distribution on longitudinal section and cross section in the furnace is greatly improved, the coal gas utilization rate and production efficiency of the vertical furnace are promoted, the thermal efficiency is high, the heat supply is sufficient, and the dezincification reaction is smoothly carried out;By the setting of inner lining, the high-temperature resistance, high corrosion resistance and high reduction reactivity of the vertical furnace are greatly improved, the service life of refractory bricks is prolonged, brick falling accidents are avoided, and economic benefits are significant;The design of discharge port, blasting port and exhaust port improves the efficiency of discharging and collecting zinc vapor, simplifies the difficulty of vertical furnace operation, and ensures the safety during production operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor under the premise of not paying the creative labor:

[0022] Figure 1 is the front view of the reduction shaft furnace of the present utility model, and

[0023] Figure 2 is the side view of the reduction shaft furnace of the present utility model, and

[0024] Figure 3 is the large arc surface and small arc surface of the reduction shaft furnace shell of the present utility model, and

[0025] Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the runway shape cylinder structure vertical furnace of the present utility model, and

[0026] Figure 5 is the structure diagram of the elliptical cylinder structure vertical furnace of the present utility model, and

[0027] Wherein, 1, feed flange; 2, heating device; 3, temperature detection device; 4, gas outlet; 5, shaft furnace shell connecting plate; 6, shaft furnace shell; 7, insulation layer; 8, furnace lining; 9, support steel plate; 10, gas inlet; 11, anti-explosion buckle flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more apparent, obvious and easy to understand, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1-5 The utility model provides a kind of microwave heating dezincification reduction shaft furnace, including shaft furnace shell 6, shaft furnace shell 6 is fixedly connected on support steel plate 9,

[0031] Shaft furnace shell 6 top end is equipped with feed flange 1 and anti-explosion buckle flange 11, shaft furnace shell 6 bottom end is provided with discharge port, and furnace lining 8 is arranged in shaft furnace shell 6;

[0032] Gas circulation assembly, including gas outlet 4 and several gas inlets, gas outlet 4 is located in the top of the side wall of shaft furnace shell 6, and several gas inlets are arranged on the outer wall of shaft furnace shell 6 along the axial direction;

[0033] Temperature component, including several heating devices 2 and several temperature detection devices 3, heating device 2 and temperature detection device 3 are arranged on shaft furnace shell 6 respectively;

[0034] The furnace shape of shaft furnace shell 6 is one of racetrack-shaped cylindrical structure or elliptical cylindrical structure.

[0035] Further optimization scheme, the number of gas inlets is 5, and the gas inlet includes several gas inlets 10, and the gas inlets 10 are arranged on the shaft furnace shell 6 along the circumferential direction, and the number of the gas inlets 10 on the several gas inlets is 5, 12, 12, 8 and 8 from top to bottom.

[0036] In one embodiment of the application, referring to Figure 3According to the height of the furnace shaft, five layers of air inlets 10 are designed, and the number of air inlets 10 in each layer is designed to be 5, 12, 12, 8 and 8 from top to bottom according to the cross-sectional area of the furnace shaft and the height thereof, so that the uniformity of the gas distribution in the longitudinal section and the cross section of the shaft furnace is greatly improved, the gas utilization rate and the production efficiency of the shaft furnace are promoted, and the zinc removal reaction is promoted to proceed in an orderly manner.

[0037] In a further optimization scheme, the heating device 2 is a microwave heating device, and the number of the heating devices 2 is 620, which are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell 6.

[0038] In a further optimization scheme, the number of the temperature detection devices 3 is 10, and each two of the temperature detection devices 3 are arranged on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell 6 in an axial direction, and the two temperature detection devices 3 located on the same horizontal plane are respectively located on the flat side and the semicircular side of the runway-shaped cylindrical structure, and the adjacent two groups of temperature detection devices 3 are cross-distributed on the flat side and the semicircular side of the runway-shaped cylindrical structure.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 3 , the temperature detection devices 3 are a total of 10, and each two of the temperature detection devices 3 are arranged on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell 6 in an axial direction, and the two temperature detection devices 3 located on the same horizontal plane are respectively located on the flat side and the semicircular side of the runway-shaped cylindrical structure, and the adjacent two groups of temperature detection devices 3 are cross-distributed on the flat side and the semicircular side of the runway-shaped cylindrical structure.

[0040] In a further optimization scheme, the number of the temperature detection devices 3 is 10, and each two of the temperature detection devices 3 are arranged on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell 6 in an axial direction, and the two temperature detection devices 3 located on the same horizontal plane are respectively located on the large-arc side and the small-arc side of the elliptical cylindrical structure, and the adjacent two groups of temperature detection devices 3 are cross-distributed on the large-arc side and the small-arc side of the elliptical cylindrical structure.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 3 , the temperature detection devices 3 are a total of 10, and each two of the temperature detection devices 3 are arranged on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell 6 in an axial direction, and the two temperature detection devices 3 located on the same horizontal plane are respectively located on the flat side and the semicircular side of the runway-shaped cylindrical structure, and the adjacent two groups of temperature detection devices 3 are cross-distributed on the flat side and the semicircular side of the runway-shaped cylindrical structure.

[0042] In a further optimization scheme, the furnace lining 8 is a corundum brick furnace lining layer, a mullite light aggregate brick furnace lining layer and a high-aluminum light aggregate brick furnace lining layer arranged from bottom to top.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1, the furnace lining 8 is made of 50 blocks of corundum bricks (AL2O3: 99%), 40 blocks of mullite light aggregate bricks (JM30, density 1.0) and 80 blocks of high-aluminum light aggregate bricks (density 1.0), which have low specific gravity, high AL2O3 mass and excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance, greatly improving the high-temperature corrosion resistance, high reduction reactivity and the service life of the refractory bricks, avoiding the brick falling accident, and achieving remarkable economic benefits.

[0044] Further optimization scheme, the heat preservation layer 7 is arranged between the furnace lining 8 and the shaft furnace shell 6.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , the heat preservation layer 7 is located between the furnace lining 8 and the shaft furnace shell 6, and is composed of two layers of ceramic fiber blankets filled with ceramic fiber hard insulation material in the middle. The shaft furnace shell 6 is made of Q235 steel and is connected by the shaft furnace shell connecting plate 5. The furnace lining 8, the heat preservation layer 7 and the shaft furnace shell 6 are closely attached in sequence, and the gaps are filled with high-temperature mortar.

[0046] Further optimization scheme, the bottom of the shaft furnace shell 6 is inwardly contracted into a funnel shape, and the discharge port is located at the bottom end of the funnel-shaped bottom. The shape of the discharge port is matched with the shape of the shaft furnace shell 6.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , the bottom of the shaft furnace shell 6 is funnel-shaped, and the bottom end is the discharge port. The shape of the discharge port is matched with the shape of the shaft furnace shell 6 and is also runway-shaped / elliptical.

[0048] Further optimization scheme, the gas outlet 4 is a rectangular gas outlet, and the cross section of the gas outlet 4 is a right trapezoid.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the gas outlet 4 is arranged on the upper plane of the runway-shaped shaft body. The gas outlet 4 is large outside and small inside, and the cross section is a right trapezoid with a right angle on the upper side.

[0050] Work flow:

[0051] The pellet raw material in the intermediate heating furnace is transported to the furnace top by a screw feeder, the pellets continuously drop from the feeding port by free fall, the added pellets are stacked to form a stack in the furnace chamber to complete a feeding operation, the stack is heated by the heating device 2, reduction is carried out at a high temperature (1100 DEG C) and a strong reduction and a temperature higher than the boiling point of zinc by using carbonaceous reducing agent, the blast inlet is provided by the blast inlet of the shaft furnace, the temperature change in the furnace is monitored by the shaft furnace temperature detection device 3, zinc is volatilized in the form of steam, zinc steam is discharged through the gas outlet 4 and enters the condenser through a pipeline to be condensed into liquid zinc, the slag is cooled at the lower part of the furnace, and the discharge is carried out by a screw feeder, and the whole zinc removal process is repeated continuously.

[0052] The application provides a microwave heating zinc removal reduction shaft furnace, and the runway-shaped / elliptical furnace shape design can greatly reduce the thermal stress on the furnace wall, prolong the service life of the furnace wall, effectively reduce the dead zone area, improve the smelting capacity of side blowing, and the advantages are more obvious in large-scale industrial applications requiring efficient smelting, in addition, the shaft furnace body gas inlet mode greatly improves the uniformity of gas distribution on the longitudinal section and the cross section in the furnace, promotes the gas utilization rate and production efficiency of the shaft furnace, has high thermal efficiency, sufficient heat supply, promotes the smooth progress of the zinc removal reaction, the application is simple in construction and remarkable in economic benefits.

[0053] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0054] The above-described embodiments are only used for describing the preferred modes of the utility model, and do not limit the scope of the utility model, and various deformations and improvements on the technical scheme of the utility model made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the utility model should fall within the protection scope of the utility model claim.

Claims

1. A microwave heating dezincification reduction shaft furnace, comprising a shaft furnace shell (6) fixedly connected to a support steel plate (9), characterized in that: a feed flange (1) and an anti-explosion buckle flange (11) are mounted at the top end of the shaft furnace shell (6), a discharge port is arranged at the bottom end of the shaft furnace shell (6), and a furnace lining (8) is arranged in the shaft furnace shell (6); a gas flow assembly comprising a gas outlet (4) located at the top of the side wall of the shaft furnace shell (6) and a plurality of gas inlets arranged axially on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell (6); a temperature assembly comprising a plurality of heating devices (2) and a plurality of temperature detection devices (3) arranged on the shaft furnace shell (6) respectively; the furnace shape of the shaft furnace shell (6) is one of a racetrack-shaped cylindrical structure or an elliptical cylindrical structure.

2. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of gas inlets is 5, the gas inlets comprise a plurality of gas inlets (10) arranged circumferentially on the shaft furnace shell (6), and the number of gas inlets (10) on each gas inlet is 5, 12, 12, 8, and 8 from top to bottom.

3. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device (2) is a microwave heating device, the number of heating devices (2) is 620, and they are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell (6).

4. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of temperature detection devices (3) is 10, and each two temperature detection devices (3) are arranged axially on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell (6) and located on the plane side and semicircular side of the racetrack-shaped cylindrical structure respectively, and adjacent two groups of temperature detection devices (3) are cross-distributed on the plane side and semicircular side of the racetrack-shaped cylindrical structure.

5. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of temperature detection devices (3) is 10, and each two temperature detection devices (3) are arranged axially on the outer wall of the shaft furnace shell (6) and located on the major arc side and minor arc side of the elliptical cylindrical structure respectively, and adjacent two groups of temperature detection devices (3) are cross-distributed on the major arc side and minor arc side of the elliptical cylindrical structure.

6. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace lining (8) is a corundum brick lining layer, a mullite light aggregate brick lining layer, and a high-aluminum light aggregate brick lining layer arranged from bottom to top.

7. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat preservation layer (7) is arranged between the furnace lining (8) and the shaft furnace shell (6).

8. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the shaft furnace shell (6) is inwardly contracted into a funnel shape, the discharge port is located at the bottom end of the funnel shape, and the shape of the discharge port is matched with the shape of the shaft furnace shell (6).

9. The microwave-heated dezincoliferous reduction shaft furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet (4) is a rectangular gas outlet, and the cross section of the gas outlet (4) is a right trapezoid.

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