Separation treatment device for volatile matter containing tar

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tar-containing volatile matter separation treatment device which comprises a volatile matter discharge end, an indirect heat exchange device, a cooling device and a gas-solid separation device, and high-temperature flue gas which enables volatile matters passing through the indirect heat exchange device to be cracked is introduced into the indirect heat exchange device. After being heated by the indirect heat exchange device and pyrolyzed, volatile matter tar enters the cooling device, is cooled to the low-temperature gas-solid separation temperature of 120-160 DEG C and enters the gas-solid separation device, gas-solid separation is formed, pyrolyzed short-molecular-chain combustible gas is fed into the combustion furnace to be combusted, high-temperature hot flue gas is obtained, a heat source is provided for the indirect heat exchange device, and the high-temperature hot flue gas is recycled. According to the principle, long-chain molecules in tar gas are cracked into small-molecule gas, and gas-solid separation is facilitated through cooling. The separation device is simple in structure, tar gas and dust can be effectively separated, and the harsh requirement for the separator during high-temperature separation of the tar gas is avoided, or pipe blockage or hazardous waste tar is avoided during low-temperature separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of volatile matter treatment technology generated during the preparation of negative electrode materials, and specifically relates to a tar-containing volatile matter separation and treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Approximately 70% of lithium-ion battery anode materials are made from artificial graphite. The raw material for artificial graphite is petroleum coke, a petroleum byproduct containing tar, carbon, and trace impurities. During the production of artificial graphite, a pre-carbonization process using a granulation and coating machine is necessary. The granulation and coating process involves temperatures of approximately 650°C, while the pre-carbonization process involves temperatures of approximately 1000°C. During this process, tar in the material overflows from the production equipment as gas, carrying with it trace amounts of material. When this overflowing gas cools, it condenses into a liquid or solid, causing numerous production problems such as pipe blockage, hazardous waste disposal, material loss, and a poor working environment. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a tar-containing volatile component separation and treatment device capable of processing tar-containing gases.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A tar-containing volatile matter separation and treatment device, including a discharge end for the volatile matter of the negative electrode material, characterized in that it further includes an indirect heat exchange device, a cooling device, and a gas-solid separation device;

[0006] The volatile matter discharge end is connected to the indirect heat exchange device, the indirect heat exchange device is connected to the cooling device, and the cooling device is connected to the inlet of the gas-solid separation device.

[0007] A heating medium is introduced into the indirect heat exchange device to cause the volatiles passing through the indirect heat exchange device to decompose.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the device also includes a combustion furnace and an induced draft fan. The induced draft fan is installed at the gas discharge end of the gas-solid separation device. The discharge end of the induced draft fan is connected to a first pipe and a second pipe. Control valves are installed on the first pipe and the second pipe respectively. The second pipe is connected to the combustion furnace. The gas discharge end of the combustion furnace is connected to an indirect heat exchange device. The indirect heat exchange device is connected to a waste gas discharge pipe.

[0009] As a further embodiment, the indirect heat exchange device employs a silicon carbide shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the induced draft fan is driven by a variable frequency motor.

[0011] In a further embodiment, a heat exchanger is installed between the exhaust gas discharge pipe and the air inlet pipe of the combustion furnace, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge pipe and the low-temperature air in the air inlet pipe can exchange heat.

[0012] In a further embodiment, a temperature sensor is provided at the indirect heat exchange device to detect the temperature of the volatiles inside the indirect heat exchange device.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the gas-solid separation device is a bag filter.

[0014] In a further embodiment, the cooling device heats the gas-solid mixture after the volatile tar cracking is heated by an indirect heat exchanger and cooled to a low-temperature gas-solid separation temperature of 120-160°C before entering the gas-solid separation device.

[0015] In a further embodiment, a heating medium is introduced into the indirect heat exchanger to cause the volatiles passing through the indirect heat exchanger to decompose at 1100-1200°C.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0017] Tar-containing gas enters an indirect heat exchanger through the volatile matter discharge end. A high-temperature fluid medium is introduced into the indirect heat exchanger to raise the temperature of the tar-containing gas to 1100-1200℃, where it undergoes pyrolysis. This pyrolysis breaks down the long-chain molecules in the tar gas into smaller molecules (CO, H2, CH4). After pyrolysis, the volatile tar, heated by the indirect heat exchanger, enters a cooling device and is cooled to a low-temperature gas-solid separation temperature of 120-160℃. Gas-solid separation then occurs, and the pyrolyzed short-chain combustible gases are sent to a combustion furnace for combustion, producing high-temperature hot flue gas, which provides the heat source for the indirect heat exchanger. The principle is that the long-chain molecules in the tar gas are broken down into smaller molecules, and cooling facilitates gas-solid separation. This separation device has a simple structure and can effectively separate tar gas and dust, avoiding the stringent requirements on the separator during high-temperature tar gas separation or the blockage or generation of hazardous tar waste during low-temperature separation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system of this utility model;

[0019] The labels in the attached diagram represent the following:

[0020] 1. Volatile matter discharge end; 2. Granulation and coating equipment; 3. Indirect heat exchange device; 4. Cooling device; 5. Gas-solid separation device; 6. Exhaust fan; 7. Combustion furnace; 8. First pipeline; 9. Second pipeline; 10. Waste gas discharge pipeline; 11. Heat exchanger; 12. Air inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the tar-containing volatile matter separation and treatment device includes a volatile matter discharge end 1 for discharging volatile matter from the negative electrode material. The volatile matter discharge end 1 is used to connect to the equipment that discharges tar-containing gas during the manufacturing process of the negative electrode material, such as the pipeline that discharges tar-containing gas during the pre-carbonization process of the artificial graphite production granulation and coating equipment 2. It is mainly used to allow tar-containing gas and corresponding impurities to flow in and guide them into this separation device for treatment.

[0023] This separation device also includes an indirect heat exchange device 3, a cooling device 4, and a gas-solid separation device 5. The indirect heat exchange device 3 conducts heat radiation heat exchange between the high-temperature side and the low-temperature side without contact. The non-contact heat exchange is mainly used to avoid mixing of tar-containing gas with other media, which would affect the subsequent separation effect. The cooling device 4 cools the high-temperature medium passing through it by cooling it without contact with the low-temperature medium. The gas-solid separation device 5 can separate the gas and solid components of the gas-solid mixture.

[0024] The volatile matter discharge end 1 is connected to the secondary side inlet of the indirect heat exchange device 3, the secondary side outlet of the indirect heat exchange device 3 is connected to the secondary side inlet of the cooling device 4, and the secondary side outlet of the cooling device 4 is connected to the inlet of the gas-solid separation device 5. The tar-containing gas enters the secondary side of the indirect heat exchange device 3 through the volatile matter discharge end 1. A high-temperature fluid medium is introduced into the primary side of the indirect heat exchange device 3 to raise the temperature of the tar-containing gas on the secondary side and treat it. The cooling device 4 can cool down the high-temperature gas-solid mixture discharged from the secondary side of the indirect heat exchange device 3 to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature gas-solid mixture entering the gas-solid separation device 5 and reduce damage to the gas-solid separation device 5. Cooling device 4 also employs an indirect heat exchanger that uses low-temperature water / low-temperature refrigerant. An induced draft fan 6 is installed at the outlet of gas-solid separation device 5 to assist the flow of tar-containing gas within the corresponding pipeline system. Specifically, a heating medium is introduced into the primary side of indirect heat exchange device 3 to raise the temperature of the volatiles in the secondary side of device 3 to 1100-1200℃. At this temperature, long-chain molecules in the tar gas can be broken down into smaller molecules (CO, H2, CH4). After cooling by cooling device 4, the gas is then separated by gas-solid separation device 5 to obtain the fine powder contained within the gas, which is then drawn out by the induced draft fan 6. The fine powder outlet at the bottom of gas-solid separation device 5 can be connected to the negative electrode material preparation system for recycling. The cooling device cools the gas-solid mixture heated by the indirect heat exchanger and after the volatile tar has been broken down to a low-temperature gas-solid separation temperature of 120-160℃ before it enters the gas-solid separation device for gas-solid separation.

[0025] This separation device also includes a combustion furnace 7. The exhaust end of the induced draft fan 6 is connected to a first pipe 8 and a second pipe 9. Control valves are installed on the first pipe 8 and the second pipe 9 respectively to control the gas flow in their respective pipes. The small-molecule gas discharged from the first pipe 8 can be stored as a combustible gas. The second pipe 9 is connected to the combustion furnace 7, allowing the gas to be fed into the combustion furnace 7 for combustion, generating high-temperature gas. The gas exhaust end of the combustion furnace 7 is connected to the primary side inlet of the indirect heat exchanger 3. The high-temperature gas generated in the combustion furnace 7 can be sent to the primary side of the indirect heat exchanger 3 for non-contact heat exchange with the tar-containing gas in the secondary side, causing the tar-containing gas to heat up and undergo cracking. The primary side outlet of the indirect heat exchanger 3 is connected to a waste gas exhaust pipe 10 for the discharge of low-temperature gas passing through the primary side.

[0026] In some implementations, the indirect heat exchange device 3 uses a silicon carbide shell-and-tube heat exchanger so that the high-temperature gas generated in the combustion furnace 7 can efficiently exchange heat with the tar-containing gas to raise its temperature, making the tar-containing gas cracking process more stable.

[0027] In some implementations, the induced draft fan 6 is driven by a variable frequency motor, mainly to enable the induced draft fan 6 to have variable speed induced draft capacity. For example, it can be adjusted according to the inlet air flow rate entering the volatile matter discharge end 1. When the inlet air flow rate is small, the speed of the induced draft fan 6 can be increased to accelerate the induced draft force of the induced draft fan 6. When the inlet air flow rate is large, the speed of the induced draft fan 6 can be reduced to reduce the induced draft force of the induced draft fan 6, so as to slightly prolong the time that the tar-containing gas stays in the indirect heat exchange device 3, that is, to prolong the cracking time of the tar-containing gas in the indirect heat exchange device 3, thereby ensuring the stability of the cracking of the tar-containing gas.

[0028] In some implementations, a heat exchanger 11 is installed between the exhaust gas discharge pipe 10 and the air inlet pipe of the combustion furnace 7, allowing the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust gas discharge pipe 10 to exchange heat with the low-temperature air in the air inlet pipe 12. In the combustion furnace 7, to obtain a fully combusted combustion environment, a certain amount of air is introduced into the combustion furnace 7. The exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas discharge pipe 10 can preheat the air entering the combustion furnace 7, thereby reducing thermal damage within the combustion furnace 7. Alternatively, an indirect heat exchanger can be arranged between the exhaust gas discharge pipe 10 and the volatile matter discharge end 1 to increase the temperature of the tar-containing gas entering the indirect heat exchange device 3, thereby accelerating the cracking of the tar-containing gas in the indirect heat exchange device 3.

[0029] In some implementations, the indirect heat exchange device 3 is equipped with a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of volatiles on the secondary side of the indirect heat exchange device 3. The temperature sensor can monitor the pyrolysis temperature of the tar-containing gas, and thus obtain the pyrolysis status of the tar-containing gas. Of course, the temperature sensor can also be used in conjunction with the control valves on the first and second pipelines. That is, when the temperature sensor detects a temperature value higher than or within the set range, the opening degree of the control valve on the second pipeline 9 can be reduced to appropriately decrease the amount of combustible gas entering the combustion furnace 7, while the opening degree of the control valve on the first pipeline 8 can be increased to increase the flow rate of combustible gas in the first pipeline 8. Conversely, when the temperature sensor detects a temperature value lower than the set range, the opening degree of the control valve on the second pipeline 9 needs to be increased to increase the flow rate of combustible gas in the second pipeline 9, thereby improving the combustion capacity in the combustion furnace 7, so as to make rational use of combustible gas and avoid resource waste.

[0030] In some implementations, the gas-solid separation device 5 is a bag filter to achieve good gas permeability and high dust removal efficiency.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for separating and treating tar-containing volatile components, comprising an exhaust end for volatile components of a negative electrode material, characterized by, The indirect heat exchange device, the cooling device, and the gas-solid separation device are connected in series. The volatile component outlet is connected to the indirect heat exchange device, the indirect heat exchange device is connected to the cooling device, and the cooling device is connected to the gas-solid separation device. A heat supply medium is introduced into the indirect heat exchange device to cause the volatile components passing through the indirect heat exchange device to crack.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein The combustion furnace and the induced draft fan are further included. The induced draft fan is installed at the gas outlet of the gas-solid separation device. The outlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The first pipeline and the second pipeline are respectively provided with control valves. The second pipeline is connected to the combustion furnace. The gas outlet of the combustion furnace is connected to the indirect heat exchange device. The indirect heat exchange device is connected to the waste gas outlet pipeline.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the tar-containing volatile components separation treatment device is characterized by, The indirect heat exchange device is a silicon carbide shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the tar-containing volatile components separation treatment device is characterized by, The induced draft fan is a variable frequency motor.

5. The tar-containing volatile component separation and treatment device according to claim 1, wherein A heat exchanger is arranged between the waste gas outlet pipeline and the air inlet pipeline of the combustion furnace. The high-temperature waste gas in the waste gas outlet pipeline exchanges heat with the low-temperature air in the air inlet pipeline.

6. The device of claim 2, wherein the tar-containing volatile components separation treatment device is characterized by, A temperature sensor is arranged at the indirect heat exchange device to detect the temperature of the volatile components in the indirect heat exchange device.

7. The tar-containing volatile component separation and treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The gas-solid separation device is a bag filter.

8. The tar-containing volatile component separation and treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The cooling device cools the gas-solid mixture after the volatile component tar cracks to 120-160℃ low-temperature gas-solid separation temperature and enters the gas-solid separation device.

9. The tar-containing volatile component separation and treatment device according to claim 1, wherein A heat supply medium is introduced into the indirect heat exchange device to cause the volatile components passing through the indirect heat exchange device to crack at 1100-1200℃.

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