Shallow foundation pit supporting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a shallow foundation pit supporting device which comprises a soil retaining part and ground anchor steel pipes, the soil retaining part comprises four soil retaining plates which are arranged together in a surrounding mode, the soil retaining plates are perpendicular to the pit bottom of a shallow foundation pit and abut against the pit wall of the shallow foundation pit, and the ground anchor steel pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the soil retaining plates. The ground anchor steel pipe is inserted into the top of the shallow foundation pit, and the soil retaining plate is connected with the ground anchor steel pipe through the connecting piece. The soil retaining plate supports the wall of the shallow foundation pit, the ground anchor steel pipe and the connecting piece fix the soil retaining plate, so that the stability of the soil retaining plate is improved, soil of an earthwork layer is prevented from flowing into the foundation pit through the soil retaining plate, the foundation pit is supported, the probability of collapse of the shallow foundation pit in a special section is reduced, and the construction safety of the shallow foundation pit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a shallow foundation pit support device. Background Technology

[0002] An excavation pit is a hole dug below ground level in urban construction for the construction of buildings or other engineering facilities. The size, shape, and depth of an excavation pit vary depending on factors such as the scale of the project and geological conditions. The excavation and support of an excavation pit is one of the most basic aspects of construction engineering. Its quality and safety are directly related to the stability and durability of the entire building. After excavation, the excavation pit usually needs to be supported to prevent it from collapsing or causing other accidents.

[0003] Common methods of supporting foundation pits, such as cast-in-place piles and diaphragm walls, are designed for deep foundation pits exceeding 5 meters in depth. However, in current construction processes, some foundation pits are less than 3 meters or 5 meters deep. For these shallow foundation pits, slope excavation is not feasible during construction, such as when excavating near subway lines or certain highways. In these special locations, the working face is relatively compact, and the geological conditions are poor, making it difficult to excavate the foundation pit using slope excavation. Therefore, vertical excavation is the only option. However, sheet piles, diaphragm walls, and other support devices are expensive and complex to manufacture. As a result, most foundation pits do not use sheet piles or only use simple sheet metal support, which reduces the safety of shallow foundation pit construction. Utility Model Content

[0004] To improve the safety of shallow foundation pit construction, this utility model provides a shallow foundation pit support device.

[0005] This application provides a shallow foundation pit support device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A shallow foundation pit support device includes retaining elements and ground anchor steel pipes. The retaining elements include four retaining plates arranged together. The retaining plates are perpendicular to the bottom of the shallow foundation pit and abut against the pit wall. The ground anchor steel pipes are provided in four sets, each corresponding to one of the retaining plates. The ground anchor steel pipes are inserted into the top of the shallow foundation pit. The retaining plates are connected to the ground anchor steel pipes through connectors.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, retaining boards are placed against the four walls of the shallow foundation pit, and ground anchor steel pipes are inserted on the top of the pit. The retaining boards and ground anchor steel pipes are connected by connectors. The retaining boards support the walls of the shallow foundation pit, and the ground anchor steel pipes and connectors fix the retaining boards, thereby improving the stability of the retaining boards. The retaining boards prevent the soil from the earthwork layer from flowing into the foundation pit, thus providing support for the foundation pit and reducing the probability of shallow foundation pit collapse in special locations, thereby improving the safety of shallow foundation pit construction.

[0008] Optionally, the retaining plate includes a first plate, an intermediate plate, and a last plate that are sequentially spliced ​​together, with the intermediate plate located between the first plate and the last plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the first plate, the middle plate and the last plate can be spliced ​​together to form a retaining plate during installation. By connecting four retaining plates in sequence, the foundation pit can be supported. When moving and transporting, the first plate, the middle plate and the last plate can be transported or stored separately, which reduces the space occupied by the retaining plate and thus improves the convenience of installation, storage and transportation of the retaining plate.

[0010] Optionally, the first plate has a first connecting plate at its front end and a first serial block at its rear end, the first serial block having a first serial groove. The middle plate has an intermediate connecting block inserted into the first serial groove at its front end and a second serial block at its rear end, the second serial block having a second serial groove. The tail plate has a tail end connecting block inserted into the second serial groove at its front end and a second connecting plate at its rear end, the second connecting plate being used to connect with the adjacent first connecting plate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, during installation, the first plate is placed against the pit wall, and the first connecting plate is located at the corner of the pit. Then, the middle connecting block of the middle plate is inserted into the first series groove. Next, the tail end connecting block of the tail plate is inserted into the second series groove. Finally, the second connecting plate is connected to the adjacent first connecting plate, thereby realizing the installation of the retaining plate and improving the convenience of the retaining plate installation. Repeat the operation to install four retaining plates, thereby realizing the installation of the retaining components.

[0012] Optionally, both the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are L-shaped, and during installation, the first connecting plate is fastened to the adjacent second connecting plate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the L-shaped design facilitates the fastening of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, improves the stability of the connection between adjacent first and last plates, thereby improving the stability of the support device and thus improving the safety of shallow foundation pit construction.

[0014] Optionally, multiple intermediate plates are provided, and the ends of the multiple intermediate plates are connected in the second series groove by an intermediate connecting block.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, an appropriate number of intermediate plates are selected according to the width of the shallow foundation pit. The intermediate connecting block of the rear intermediate plate is inserted into the second series groove of the front intermediate plate to connect multiple intermediate plates. The intermediate plate at the front end is connected to the first plate, and the intermediate plate at the rear end is connected to the tail plate, thereby realizing the connection of a single retaining plate and improving the convenience of retaining plate installation.

[0016] Optionally, the connector includes:

[0017] Support pipes are provided in multiple sets and correspond one-to-one with retaining plates. The side of the retaining plate near the pit wall is provided with a vertically extending sleeve. The support pipes are vertically inserted into the sleeves, with the top end of the support pipes extending out of the sleeves and the bottom end inserted into the bottom of the pit. The ground anchor steel pipes correspond one-to-one with the support pipes.

[0018] The horizontal tie pipe has its two ends connected to the top of the ground anchor steel pipe and the top of the support pipe respectively via cross fasteners.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the retaining plate is installed first, and then the support pipe is inserted into the sleeve. The top of the support pipe is tapped so that the bottom of the support pipe is inserted into the bottom of the pit. Next, the ground anchor steel pipe is inserted at the top of the pit. Then, the ground anchor steel pipe and the support pipe are connected by horizontal tie pipes and cross couplers. The support pipe improves the stability of the retaining plate, and together with the ground anchor steel pipe and horizontal tie pipe, it improves the stability of the support pipe, thereby increasing the stability of the retaining plate and improving the support effect, thus improving the safety of shallow foundation pit construction.

[0020] Optionally, the side of the retaining plate facing away from the pit wall is provided with a horizontally extending cross brace, and the cross brace is provided with steel nails, which are inserted into the pit wall after passing horizontally through the cross brace and the retaining plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the cross bracing plate and steel nails work together to enhance the stability of the retaining plate, thereby improving the support effect of shallow foundation pits.

[0022] Optionally, there are four horizontal bracing plates, each corresponding to a retaining plate. The four horizontal bracing plates are on the same horizontal line, and diagonal bracing plates are provided between two adjacent horizontal bracing plates.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined bracing plate increases the stability of the connection between adjacent horizontal bracing plates, thereby improving the overall stability of the support device and thus improving the safety of shallow foundation pit construction.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. The retaining plates are placed against the four walls of the shallow foundation pit, and the ground anchor steel pipes are inserted on the top of the pit. The retaining plates and ground anchor steel pipes are connected by connectors. The retaining plates support the walls of the shallow foundation pit, and the ground anchor steel pipes and connectors fix the retaining plates, thereby improving the stability of the retaining plates. The retaining plates prevent the soil from the earthwork layer from flowing into the foundation pit, thus providing support for the foundation pit and reducing the probability of shallow foundation pit collapse in special areas, thereby improving the safety of shallow foundation pit construction.

[0026] 2. Select an appropriate number of intermediate plates according to the width of the shallow foundation pit. Insert the intermediate connecting block of the rear intermediate plate into the second series groove of the front intermediate plate to connect multiple intermediate plates. The intermediate plate at the front end is connected to the first plate, and the intermediate plate at the rear end is connected to the tail plate, thereby realizing the connection of individual retaining plates and improving the convenience of retaining plate installation.

[0027] 3. The support pipe improves the stability of the retaining plate. Combined with the ground anchor steel pipe and the horizontal tie pipe, the stability of the support pipe is further improved, thereby increasing the stability of the retaining plate, improving the support effect, and thus improving the safety of shallow foundation pit construction.

[0028] 4. This support device is easy to assemble, disassemble and transport, does not require large construction machinery, has low requirements for the construction environment, and is suitable for the support of shallow foundation pits. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view of the support device in this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cross brace in this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connector in this application.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Retaining element; 11. Shallow foundation pit; 12. Earthwork layer; 13. Sleeve; 14. Horizontal bracing plate; 141. Steel nail; 15. Diagonal bracing plate; 2. Ground anchor steel pipe; 3. Retaining plate; 31. First plate; 311. First connecting plate; 312. First series block; 313. First series groove; 32. Intermediate plate; 321. Intermediate connecting block; 322. Second series block; 323. Second series groove; 33. Tail plate; 331. Tail end connecting block; 332. Second connecting plate; 4. Connector; 41. Support pipe; 42. Horizontal tie pipe; 43. Cross fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0035] This application discloses a shallow foundation pit support device.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A shallow foundation pit support device includes a retaining component 1 and a ground anchor steel pipe 2. The retaining component 1 includes four retaining plates 3 arranged together. The retaining plates 3 are perpendicular to the bottom of the shallow foundation pit 11 and abut against the pit wall of the shallow foundation pit 11. The ground anchor steel pipe 2 is provided in four sets and corresponds one-to-one with the retaining plates 3. The ground anchor steel pipe 2 is inserted into the top of the shallow foundation pit 11. The retaining plates 3 are connected to the ground anchor steel pipe 2 through connectors 4.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The shallow foundation pit 11 is excavated within the earthwork layer 12, and the foundation pit in this embodiment is a shallow foundation pit 11 with a depth of less than 5m.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The four retaining plates 3 have the same structure. The following description will only take one retaining plate 3 as an example. The retaining plate 3 includes a first plate 31, a middle plate 32 and a tail plate 33 spliced ​​together in sequence. The middle plate 32 is located between the first plate 31 and the tail plate 33.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first plate 31 is perpendicular to the bottom of the pit and its bottom end abuts against the bottom of the pit. The side of the first plate 31 closest to the pit wall abuts against the pit wall and has a vertically extending sleeve 13. The sleeve 13 abuts against the pit wall. The front end of the first plate 31 has a first connecting plate 311. The first connecting plate 311 is L-shaped and abuts against the corner of the pit wall. The rear end of the first plate 31 has a first connecting block 312. The first connecting block 312 has a first connecting groove 313. The first connecting groove 313 is a T-shaped groove and its open end faces the middle plate 32.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The intermediate plate 32 is perpendicular to the bottom of the pit and its bottom end abuts against the bottom of the pit. The side of the intermediate plate 32 near the pit wall abuts against the pit wall and has a vertically extending sleeve 13. The sleeve 13 abuts against the pit wall. The front end of the intermediate plate 32 is provided with an intermediate connecting block 321 inserted into the first series groove 313. The rear end of the intermediate plate 32 is provided with a second series block 322. The second series block 322 is provided with a second series groove 323. The second series groove 323 is a T-shaped groove and its open end faces the tail plate 33.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3Multiple intermediate plates 32 can be set according to the width of the shallow foundation pit 11. The beginning and end of the multiple intermediate plates 32 are connected by intermediate connecting blocks 321 inserted into the second series groove 323. In this embodiment, four intermediate plates 32 are used as an example. The intermediate plate 32 at the front end is connected to the first plate 31. The intermediate connecting block 321 of the rear intermediate plate 32 is inserted into the second series groove 323 of the front intermediate plate 32 to connect the multiple intermediate plates 32. The intermediate plate 32 at the rear end is connected to the tail plate 33.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The tail plate 33 is perpendicular to the bottom of the pit and its bottom end abuts against the bottom of the pit. The side of the tail plate 33 near the pit wall abuts against the pit wall and has a vertically extending sleeve 13. The sleeve 13 abuts against the pit wall. The front end of the tail plate 33 is provided with a tail end connecting block 331 inserted into the second series groove 323. The rear end of the tail plate 33 is provided with a second connecting plate 332. The second connecting plate 332 is L-shaped and is used to connect with the first connecting plate 311 of the adjacent pit wall. During installation, the first connecting plate 311 and the adjacent second connecting plate 332 are fastened together.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The first retaining plate 31, the middle plate 32 and the tail plate 33 are connected in sequence to form the first retaining plate 3. The retaining plate 3 is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise to form the second retaining plate 3. The second retaining plate 3 is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise to form the third retaining plate 3. The operation is repeated and all retaining plates 3 are connected in sequence to form the retaining component 1.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The connector 4 connects the ground anchor steel pipe 2 and the retaining plate 3. The connector 4 includes a support pipe 41 and a horizontal tie pipe 42. The support pipe 41 is provided in multiple sets and corresponds one-to-one with the retaining plate 3. The number of support pipes 41 in each set is the same as the number of sleeves 13 in each retaining plate 3. The support pipe 41 is vertically inserted into the corresponding sleeve 13. The top end of the support pipe 41 extends out of the sleeve 13 and the bottom end is inserted into the bottom of the pit. The number of ground anchor steel pipes 2 corresponds one-to-one with the number of support pipes 41 and the number of sleeves 13.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 Multiple horizontal tie pipes 42 are provided and correspond one-to-one with the support pipes 41. The two ends of the horizontal tie pipes 42 are connected to the top of the ground anchor steel pipe 2 and the top of the support pipe 41 respectively through cross fasteners 43. Cross fasteners 43 are common fasteners sold in the market and are not considered as restrictions.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The retaining plate 3 is provided with a horizontally extending cross brace 14 on the side away from the pit wall. There are four cross braces 14, which correspond one-to-one with the retaining plate 3. The four cross braces 14 are on the same horizontal line. There are multiple steel nails 141 on the cross braces 14. The steel nails 141 pass horizontally through the cross braces 14 and the retaining plate 3 and are inserted into the pit wall. There are diagonal braces 15 between two adjacent cross braces 14. The four diagonal braces 15 are located at the corners where the four cross braces 14 are connected and are connected to the cross braces 14 by screws.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 During installation, first select the first plate 31, an appropriate number of intermediate plates 32 and tail plates 33 according to the width of the shallow foundation pit 11. Place the first plate 31 against the pit wall, with the bottom end of the first plate 31 against the bottom of the pit. Tap the first plate 31 to make it press firmly against the pit wall, and the first connecting plate 311 press firmly against the corner of the pit wall. At the same time, the sleeve 13 located on the first plate 31 presses firmly against the pit wall. Insert the support pipe 41 into the sleeve 13 and tap the support pipe 41 to make the bottom end of the support pipe 41 insert into the bottom of the pit.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 Next, the intermediate connecting block 321 at the front end of the intermediate plate 32 is inserted into the first series groove 313. The intermediate plate 32 is then struck so that it abuts against the pit wall and the bottom end of the intermediate plate 32 abuts against the pit bottom. If there are multiple intermediate plates 32, the intermediate connecting block 321 at the rear end of the intermediate plate 32 is inserted into the second series groove 323 at the front end of the intermediate plate 32. The support pipe 41 is then inserted into the sleeve 13 and the support pipe 41 is struck so that the bottom end of the support pipe 41 is inserted into the pit bottom.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 Next, install the first plate 31 of the adjacent pit wall, then take out the tail plate 33, insert the tail end connecting block 331 at the front end of the tail plate 33 into the second series groove 323 of the middle plate 32 at the rear end, and at the same time, the second connecting plate 332 is fastened to the first connecting plate 311 of the first plate 31 of the adjacent pit wall. Tap the tail plate 33 so that the tail plate 33 abuts against the pit wall and the bottom end of the tail plate 33 abuts against the bottom of the pit. Insert the support pipe 41 into the sleeve 13 and tap the support pipe 41 so that the bottom end of the support pipe 41 is inserted into the bottom of the pit. Repeat the operation to complete the installation of all retaining plates 3.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The ground anchor steel pipe 2 is driven into the soil layer 12 at the top of the pit. The ground anchor steel pipe 2 corresponds one-to-one with the support pipe 41. The support pipe 41 and the ground anchor steel pipe 2 are connected by the horizontal tie pipe 42 and the cross fastener 43, thus completing the installation of the entire support device.

[0051] The working principle of this application embodiment is as follows:

[0052] The retaining plate 3 supports the pit wall of the shallow foundation pit 11, the support pipe 41 improves the stability of the retaining plate 3, and the ground anchor steel pipe 2 and connector 4 fix the retaining plate 3, thereby improving the stability of the retaining plate 3. The retaining plate 3 prevents the soil of the earthwork layer 12 from flowing into the foundation pit, thereby providing support for the foundation pit and reducing the probability of collapse of the shallow foundation pit 11 in special locations, thus improving the safety of the construction of the shallow foundation pit 11.

[0053] This support device can be installed and dismantled manually, making it easy to build, dismantle and transport. It does not require large construction machinery, has low requirements for the construction environment, and is suitable for the construction support of shallow foundation pits 11.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A shallow excavation support apparatus, characterized by: The utility model relates to a retaining wall (1) and a ground anchor steel pipe (2), the retaining wall (1) includes four retaining plates (3) surrounded together, the retaining plate (3) is perpendicular to the pit bottom of shallow foundation pit (11) and is against the pit wall of shallow foundation pit (11), the ground anchor steel pipe (2) is provided with four groups and corresponds with retaining plate (3) one to one, the ground anchor steel pipe (2) is inserted in the pit top of shallow foundation pit (11), the retaining plate (3) is connected with ground anchor steel pipe (2) through connecting piece (4), the retaining plate (3) includes first plate (31), intermediate plate (32) and tail plate (33) that are spliced in turn, and the intermediate plate (32) is located between first plate (31) and tail plate (33). The first plate (31) is provided with first connecting plate (311) at the front end, and is provided with first series block (312) at the tail end, the first series block (312) is provided with first series groove (313) in it, the intermediate plate (32) is provided with intermediate connecting block (321) inserted into the first series groove (313) at the front end, the intermediate plate (32) is provided with second series block (322) at the tail end, the second series block (322) is provided with second series groove (323) in it, the tail plate (33) is provided with tail end connecting block (331) inserted into the second series groove (323) at the front end, and is provided with second connecting plate (332) at the rear end, and the second connecting plate (332) is used to be connected with the adjacent first connecting plate (311). The connecting piece (4) includes: Supporting pipe (41), the supporting pipe (41) is provided with multiple groups and corresponds with retaining plate (3) one to one, one side of the retaining plate (3) close to the pit wall is provided with sleeve (13) extending vertically, the supporting pipe (41) is inserted into the sleeve (13) vertically, the supporting pipe (41) extends out of the sleeve (13) at the top and is inserted into the pit bottom at the bottom, and the ground anchor steel pipe (2) corresponds with the supporting pipe (41) one to one. Cross pipe (42), two ends of the cross pipe (42) are connected with the top of the ground anchor steel pipe (2) and the top of the supporting pipe (41) through cross buckle (43) respectively.

2. A shallow excavation bracing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first connecting plate (311) and the second connecting plate (332) are both L-shaped, when installing, the first connecting plate (311) is buckled with the adjacent second connecting plate (332).

3. The shallow excavation bracing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The intermediate plate (32) is provided with multiple, and the first and last of multiple intermediate plates (32) are connected by being inserted into the second series groove (323) through the intermediate connecting block (321).

4. The shallow excavation bracing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: One side of the retaining plate (3) away from the pit wall is provided with horizontally extending cross support plate (14), the cross support plate (14) is provided with steel nail (141), the steel nail (141) is inserted into the pit wall after horizontally penetrating through the cross support plate (14) and the retaining plate (3).

5. A shallow excavation bracing assembly according to claim 4 wherein: The cross support plate (14) is provided with four and corresponds with the retaining plate (3) one to one, four cross support plates (14) are on the same horizontal line, and the inclined support plate (15) is arranged between adjacent two cross support plates (14).

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