Battery management system and power equipment

Abstract

According to the battery management system and the power equipment, the battery management system samples battery parameters through an analog front-end circuit, a switching circuit is arranged to realize charging and discharging control, a logic circuit is arranged to realize charging and discharging overcurrent turn-off, a local microcontroller / main control unit is not needed, and the cost of the battery management system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular relates to a battery management system and power equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In power devices that use or store energy, a battery management system (BMS) is usually required. However, a battery management system without a microcontroller unit (MCU) typically only has basic functions such as battery parameter sampling and charge / discharge control, and cannot meet the needs of power devices that require overcurrent shutdown control and integration of various sampling and drive functions. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery management system and power device, which aims to solve the problem that battery management systems without a master control unit (MCU) usually only have basic functions such as battery parameter sampling and charge / discharge control.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery management system for managing multiple battery components connected between a positive bus and a negative bus. The battery management system includes an analog front-end circuit, a logic circuit, a switching circuit, a sampling circuit, and a driving circuit.

[0005] The analog front-end circuit is connected to multiple battery components; the sampling circuit is set on the positive or negative bus to sample the charging and discharging current flowing through the positive or negative bus and output a sampling signal characterizing the magnitude of the charging and discharging current; the switching circuit is set on the positive or negative bus; the logic circuit is connected to the sampling circuit and the driving circuit to output a shutdown driving signal to the driving circuit to drive the switching circuit to disconnect when the charging and discharging current exceeds a first threshold, based on the sampling signal.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, battery parameters are sampled by simulating the front-end circuit, and charging and discharging control is achieved by setting a switching circuit. Overcurrent shutdown during charging and discharging is achieved by setting a logic circuit. This eliminates the need for a local microcontroller / main control unit, thereby reducing the cost of the battery management system.

[0007] In some embodiments, a communication module is also included, which is connected to the analog front-end circuit and is used to establish a communication connection between the analog front-end circuit and the domain control device.

[0008] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the analog front-end circuit transmits various parameter information sampled locally to the domain control device through the communication module. After the domain control device performs calculations and processing, it sends relevant control commands back to the analog front-end circuit. The analog front-end circuit controls the logic circuit according to these control commands to realize battery-related control and management. In this embodiment, the control and processing are realized through an external domain control device, which reduces the cost of the battery management system.

[0009] In some embodiments, the logic circuit includes:

[0010] The fast shutdown logic circuit has its input connected to the sampling circuit to sample the charging and discharging current flowing through the positive or negative bus. When the charging and discharging current exceeds the first threshold, it outputs the first overcurrent control signal.

[0011] The drive logic processing circuit has its first input terminal connected to the first output terminal of the fast shutdown logic circuit, and is used to output a shutdown drive signal to the drive circuit at the drive output terminal according to the first overcurrent control signal.

[0012] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a logic circuit implementation method is provided. A fast shutdown logic circuit is set to perform charging and discharging current sampling and overcurrent determination, and drive the logic processing circuit to perform overcurrent shutdown. This eliminates the need for a local microcontroller / main control unit to implement charging and discharging overcurrent shutdown, thereby reducing the cost of the battery management system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fast shutdown logic circuit further includes a second output terminal, which is used to connect to a domain control device to output a first overcurrent control signal to the domain control device.

[0014] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the fast shutdown logic circuit can also directly provide the charging and discharging overcurrent information to the domain control device for further recording and processing by the domain control device, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0015] In some embodiments, the fast shutdown logic circuit further includes a reset terminal, which is connected to the first output port of the analog front-end circuit and receives a reset signal for enabling the fast shutdown logic circuit to be reset.

[0016] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the fast shutdown logic circuit can also be reset, which improves the reliability of the system.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fast shutdown logic circuit further includes a first trigger terminal, which is connected to the second output port of the analog front-end circuit to receive a trigger signal.

[0018] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the trigger signal is, for example, a rising edge or falling edge signal, and the fast shutdown logic circuit can be controlled by the analog front-end circuit, thus providing system reliability.

[0019] In some embodiments, the drive logic processing circuit further includes a switch enable terminal, which is connected to the third output port of the analog front-end circuit and receives a switch enable signal for enabling the drive logic processing circuit to output a turn-off drive signal or a turn-on drive signal.

[0020] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the driving logic processing circuit associates the overcurrent shutdown drive and the charge / discharge switch drive for logic processing, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0021] In some embodiments, the driving logic processing circuit further includes a second trigger terminal, which is connected to the fourth output port of the analog front-end circuit and receives a trigger signal for generating a rising edge or a falling edge.

[0022] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the trigger signal is, for example, a rising edge or falling edge signal, and the driving logic processing circuit can be controlled by the analog front-end circuit, thus providing the reliability of the system.

[0023] In some embodiments, a detection circuit is also included, which is connected to the analog front-end circuit. The detection circuit is used to detect one or more of the following: switch circuit temperature, switch circuit enable state, switch circuit operating voltage, battery voltage, bus voltage, and battery temperature, and outputs the results to the analog front-end circuit.

[0024] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a detection circuit is set up to realize the state detection of battery charging and discharging and the parameter detection of battery charging and discharging. With the help of the communication module, these detection parameters can be sent to the domain control device. After the domain control device calculates and processes them, it sends relevant control commands back to the analog front-end circuit. The analog front-end circuit controls the logic circuit to perform relevant control and monitoring of the battery according to these control commands.

[0025] In some embodiments, the detection circuit includes a gating circuit having multiple input terminals, a gating terminal, and an output terminal. The multiple input terminals of the gating circuit are respectively used to connect to one or more of the following: detection switch circuit temperature, switch circuit enable state, switch circuit operating voltage, battery voltage, bus voltage, and battery temperature. The gating terminal and the output terminal of the gating circuit are connected to the analog front-end circuit.

[0026] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a gating circuit is used to detect or acquire relevant parameters, which saves the ports of the analog front-end circuit and reduces the cost of the circuit.

[0027] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes a first switching component and a second switching component, which are connected in series on the positive bus. The control terminals of the first and second switching components are connected to the drive circuit.

[0028] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, two series-connected switching components are used to perform charging and discharging control, providing reliability of charging and discharging control.

[0029] In some embodiments, the driving circuit includes a first driving device and a second driving device. The input terminal of the first driving device is connected to the first driving output terminal of the logic circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first switching component. The input terminal of the second driving device is connected to the second driving output terminal of the logic circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second switching component.

[0030] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, two switching components are driven separately, which improves the reliability of the circuit compared to using a single driving device to drive two switching components.

[0031] In some embodiments, the gating circuit includes a first gating device and a second gating device;

[0032] The first input terminal, second input terminal, third input terminal, and fourth input terminal of the first selector are respectively connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the control terminal of the first switch assembly, and the control terminal of the second switch assembly; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the first switch assembly, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the second switch assembly; the output terminal of the first selector is connected to the first input port of the analog front-end circuit, and the selection terminal of the first selector is connected to the fifth output port of the analog front-end circuit;

[0033] The first input terminal of the second selector is connected to one end of the positive bus of multiple battery components. The second input terminal of the second selector is connected to the positive bus. The third input terminal of the second selector is connected to the serial node of the first switch component and the second switch component. The fourth input terminal of the second selector is connected to the third temperature sensor. The third temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of multiple battery components. The output terminal of the second selector is connected to the second input port of the analog front-end circuit. The selector terminal of the second selector is connected to the sixth output port of the analog front-end circuit.

[0034] The technical solution of this application embodiment provides an implementation of a gating circuit.

[0035] In some embodiments, the analog front-end circuit includes a current sampling port connected to a sampling circuit.

[0036] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the analog front-end circuit can also collect the charging and discharging current in real time for transmission or storage.

[0037] In some embodiments, a data memory is also included, which is connected to the analog front-end circuitry.

[0038] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the configuration information of the analog front-end circuit and the various sampled parameter information are stored in the data storage device, which can communicate and interact with the domain control device.

[0039] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a power device including multiple battery components and a battery management system as described above.

[0040] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the use of two or more battery management systems in the electronic device ensures the accuracy of sampling to a greater extent.

[0041] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0049] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0052] Conventional battery management systems (BMS) without a local microcontroller or master control unit lack extensive functionalities, such as overcurrent shutdown, charge control, temperature sampling, charge / discharge drive, and diagnostics. To accommodate these complex functions, a conventional BMS requires a local microcontroller master control unit, increasing costs. For multiple distributed battery systems, the total cost increases even further.

[0053] To address this, a battery management system based on analog front-end (AFE) circuitry without a local microcontroller or main control unit is provided, which can achieve complex functions such as overcurrent shutdown, charging control, temperature sampling, charge / discharge drive, and diagnostics at low cost.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 Some embodiments of this application provide a battery management system for managing multiple battery components C1~Cn, which are connected between the positive bus PACK+ and the negative bus PACK-. The battery management system includes an analog front-end circuit 11, a logic circuit 12, a switching circuit 13, a sampling circuit 14, and a driving circuit 15.

[0055] The analog front-end circuit 11 is connected to multiple battery modules C1~Cn; the sampling circuit 14 is located on the positive bus PACK+ or the negative bus PACK-, and is used to sample the charging and discharging current flowing through the positive bus PACK+ or the negative bus PACK-, and output a sampling signal characterizing the magnitude of the charging and discharging current; the switching circuit 13 is located on the positive bus PACK+ or the negative bus PACK-; the logic circuit 12 is connected to the sampling circuit 14 and the driving circuit 15, and is used to output a shutdown driving signal to the driving circuit 15 according to the sampling signal when the charging and discharging current exceeds a first threshold, so as to drive the switching circuit 13 to disconnect.

[0056] Multiple battery components C1~Cn can be connected in series, in parallel, or include both series and parallel connections to form a battery pack (or battery module). The battery management system can simultaneously manage one or more battery packs of an energy storage device. In this embodiment, the relevant functions are explained using the battery management system managing one battery pack as an example.

[0057] The analog front-end circuit 11 is connected to multiple battery modules C1~Cn to detect the voltage of each battery module C1~Cn. The switching circuit 13 is used to control the on and off of the battery pack charging and discharging circuit, and to perform charging and discharging control. The logic circuit 12 can be built using discrete components and mainly includes logic devices.

[0058] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery parameters are sampled by the simulated front-end circuit 11, the charging and discharging control is achieved by the setting of the switching circuit 13, and the charging and discharging overcurrent shutdown is achieved by the setting of the logic circuit 12. No local microcontroller / main control unit is required, which reduces the cost of the battery management system.

[0059] In some embodiments, the switching circuit 13 is disposed on the positive bus PACK+, and the driving circuit 15 can be a single integrated device.

[0060] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a communication module 16, which is connected to the analog front-end circuit 11 and is used to establish a communication connection between the analog front-end circuit 11 and the domain controller 200.

[0061] For example, the communication module 16 is a daisy chain communication module, which can connect two or more battery management systems in series to extend control communication.

[0062] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the analog front-end circuit 11 transmits various parameter information sampled locally to the domain control device 200 through the communication module 16. After the domain control device 200 performs calculations and processing, it sends relevant control commands back to the analog front-end circuit 11. The analog front-end circuit 11 controls the logic circuit 12 to realize battery-related control and management according to these control commands. In this embodiment, the control and processing are realized through the external domain control device 200, which reduces the cost of the battery management system.

[0063] Please continue reading. Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a detection circuit 17 connected to the analog front-end circuit 11. The detection circuit 17 is used to detect one or more of the following: temperature of the switching circuit 13, enable state of the switching circuit 13, operating voltage of the switching circuit 13, battery voltage, bus voltage, and battery temperature, and outputs the results to the analog front-end circuit 11.

[0064] The detection circuit 17 is equipped with relevant voltage detection lines, current detection lines and temperature sensors to realize the temperature of the switching circuit 13, the enable state of the switching circuit 13, the operating voltage of the switching circuit 13, the battery voltage, the bus voltage and the battery temperature.

[0065] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a detection circuit 17 is set to realize the state detection of battery charging and discharging and the parameter detection of battery charging and discharging. In conjunction with the communication module 16, these detection parameters can be sent to the domain control device 200. After the domain control device 200 calculates and processes them, it sends relevant control commands back to the analog front-end circuit 11. The analog front-end circuit 11 controls the logic circuit 12 to perform relevant control and monitoring of the battery according to these control commands.

[0066] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the detection circuit 17 includes a gating circuit, which has multiple input terminals, a gating terminal, and an output terminal. The multiple input terminals of the gating circuit are respectively used to connect to one or more of the following: the temperature of the detection switch circuit 13, the enable state of the switch circuit 13, the operating voltage of the switch circuit 13, the battery voltage, the bus voltage, and the battery temperature. The gating terminal and the output terminal of the gating circuit are connected to the analog front-end circuit 11.

[0067] The detection circuit 17 can be configured with one or more gating devices according to the number of parameters to be detected.

[0068] In this embodiment, the detection circuit 17 is mainly implemented using a low-cost gating circuit. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the use of a gating circuit to detect or acquire relevant parameters saves ports on the analog front-end circuit 11 while reducing circuit cost.

[0069] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the sampling circuit 14 includes a sampling resistor R1, which, for example, is connected in series on the negative bus PACK-.

[0070] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the switching circuit 13 includes a first switching component Q1 and a second switching component Q2, which are connected in series on the positive bus PACK+. The control terminals of the first switching component Q1 and the second switching component Q2 are connected to the drive circuit 15.

[0071] The first switching component Q1 is implemented, for example, using one or more MOSFETs or IGBTs connected in parallel, and the second switching component Q2 is similar.

[0072] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, two series-connected switching components are used to perform charging and discharging control, providing reliability of charging and discharging control.

[0073] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the driving circuit 15 includes a first driving device 151 and a second driving device 152. The input terminal of the first driving device 151 is connected to the first driving output terminal of the logic circuit 12, and the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first switching component Q1. The input terminal of the second driving device 152 is connected to the second driving output terminal of the logic circuit 12, and the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second switching component Q2.

[0074] The driving circuit 15 uses two driving devices 151 and 152 to drive two switching components Q1 and Q2 respectively. The driving devices 151 and 152 are, for example, driving chips.

[0075] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, two switching components Q1 and Q2 are driven separately. Compared with using a single driving device to drive the two switching components Q1 and Q2, the reliability of the circuit is improved.

[0076] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, logic circuit 12 includes fast shutdown logic circuit 121 and drive logic processing circuit 122.

[0077] The input terminal of the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 is connected to the sampling circuit 14. The fast shutdown logic circuit 121 is used to sample the charging and discharging current flowing through the positive bus PACK+ or the negative bus PACK-. When the charging and discharging current exceeds the first threshold, the first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off is output.

[0078] The first input terminal of the drive logic processing circuit 122 is connected to the first output terminal of the fast turn-off logic circuit 121. The drive logic processing circuit 122 is used to output a turn-off drive signal to the drive circuit 15 at the drive output terminal according to the first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off.

[0079] The fast shutdown logic circuit 121 includes a differential amplifier circuit, a comparator circuit, and a logic device for current sampling. The differential amplifier circuit obtains a sampling signal by detecting the voltage drop across the sampling circuit 14, which characterizes the charging and discharging current. The comparator circuit compares the sampling signal with a first threshold representing an excessive charging and discharging current. If the charging and discharging current exceeds the first threshold, the logic device outputs a first overcurrent control signal, Cut_Off. The logic device is, for example, a latch.

[0080] The drive logic processing circuit 122 has logic devices. Upon receiving the first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off, it immediately enables the drive circuit 15 to drive the switch circuit 13 to control the positive bus PACK+ to disconnect, so as to prevent continued charging and discharging overcurrent.

[0081] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, an implementation of the logic circuit 12 is provided. The fast shutdown logic circuit 121 is set to perform charging and discharging current sampling and overcurrent determination, and drive the logic processing circuit 122 to perform overcurrent shutdown. This eliminates the need for a local microcontroller / main control unit to implement charging and discharging overcurrent shutdown, thereby reducing the cost of the battery management system.

[0082] In some embodiments, the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 further includes a second output terminal, which is used to connect to the domain control device 200 to output a first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off to the domain control device 200.

[0083] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 can also directly and quickly report the charging and discharging overcurrent information to the domain control device 200 without going through the communication module 16 and waiting for the domain control device 200 to further record and process it, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0084] In some embodiments, the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 further includes a reset terminal, which is connected to the first output port GPIO_1 of the analog front-end circuit 11 and receives a reset signal Reset for enabling the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 to be reset.

[0085] For example, the reset terminal is connected to the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 logic device for resetting the logic device.

[0086] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 can also be reset, which improves the reliability of the system.

[0087] In some embodiments, the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 further includes a first trigger terminal, which is connected to the second output port GPIO_2 of the analog front-end circuit 11 and receives the trigger signal DRT.

[0088] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the trigger signal DRT is, for example, a rising edge or falling edge signal, and the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 can be controlled by the analog front-end circuit 11, which provides the reliability of the system.

[0089] In some embodiments, the drive logic processing circuit 122 further includes a switch enable terminal, which is connected to the third output port GPIO_3 / GPIO_4 of the analog front-end circuit 11 and receives the switch enable signal Q1_EN / Q2_EN for enabling the drive logic processing circuit 122 to output the drive off signal or the drive on signal Driver1_EN / Driver2_EN.

[0090] In this embodiment, the switching circuit 13 includes a first switching component Q1 and a second switching component Q2. It has two third output ports, GPIO_3 and GPIO_4, respectively. The drive logic processing circuit 122 also has two switch enable terminals, receiving the switch enable signals Q1_EN and Q2_EN from GPIO_3 and GPIO_4, respectively. The two drive output terminals of the drive logic processing circuit 122 are connected to the first drive device 151 and the second drive device 152, respectively. The two drive output terminals of the drive logic processing circuit 122 output two drive signals Driver1_EN and Driver2_EN, respectively enabling the first drive device 151 and the second drive device 152 to drive the first switching component Q1 to turn on or off, and the second switching component Q2 to turn on or off, respectively.

[0091] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the driving logic processing circuit 122 associates the overcurrent shutdown drive and the charge / discharge switch drive for logic processing, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0092] In some embodiments, the drive logic processing circuit 122 further includes a second trigger terminal, which is connected to the fourth output port of the analog front-end circuit 11 and receives a trigger signal DRT for generating a rising edge or a falling edge.

[0093] In this embodiment, the fourth output port of the analog front-end circuit 11 and the second output port GPIO_2 of the analog front-end circuit 11 are the same port.

[0094] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the trigger signal DRT is, for example, a rising edge or falling edge signal, and the driving logic processing circuit 122 can be controlled by the analog front-end circuit 11, which provides the reliability of the system.

[0095] In some embodiments, the analog front-end circuit 11 includes a current sampling port, which is connected to the sampling circuit 14.

[0096] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the analog front-end circuit 11 can also collect the charging and discharging current in real time, so as to transmit it to the domain control device 200 or store it in the data memory 18.

[0097] In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a data storage device 18 connected to the analog front-end circuitry 11.

[0098] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the configuration information of the analog front-end circuit 11 and the sampled parameter information are stored in the data storage 18, and the data storage 18 communicates and interacts with the domain control device 200.

[0099] In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a power module 19, which draws power from the positive terminal BAT+ of the battery pack or from the positive bus PACK+ to provide the battery management system with an operating voltage VCC.

[0100] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, an implementation of the gating circuit is provided, the gating circuit including a first gating unit 171 and a second gating unit 172;

[0101] The first input terminal, second input terminal, third input terminal, and fourth input terminal of the first selector 171 are respectively connected to the first temperature sensor NTC1, the second temperature sensor NTC2, the control terminal of the first switch assembly Q1, and the control terminal of the second switch assembly Q2; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature Q1_temp of the first switch assembly Q1, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature Q2_temp of the second switch assembly Q2; the output terminal of the first selector 171 is connected to the first input port GPIO_11 of the analog front-end circuit 11, and the selection terminal of the first selector 171 is connected to the fifth output port GPIO_5 of the analog front-end circuit 11.

[0102] The first input terminal of the second selector 172 is connected to one end of the positive bus PACK+ of multiple battery components C1~Cn. The second input terminal of the second selector 172 is connected to the positive bus PACK+. The third input terminal of the second selector 172 is connected to the series node of the first switch component Q1 and the second switch component Q2. The fourth input terminal of the second selector 172 is connected to the third temperature sensor (not shown). The third temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of multiple battery components C1~Cn. The output terminal of the second selector 172 is connected to the second input port GPIO_12 of the analog front-end circuit 11. The selection terminal of the second selector 172 is connected to the sixth output port GPIO_6 of the analog front-end circuit 11.

[0103] The first selector 171 is used to detect or access the temperature Q1_temp of the first switching component Q1, the temperature Q2_temp of the second switching component Q2, the enable state Driver1 of the first switching component Q1, and the enable state Driver2 of the second switching component Q2.

[0104] The second selector 172 is used to detect or connect the battery voltage BAT+ of the battery pack, the input / output voltage (i.e., bus voltage) PACK+ of the battery device, the operating voltage of the switching component V_s, and the battery temperature Cell_temp.

[0105] The analog front-end circuit 11 sends the above parameter information to the domain control device 200 through the communication module 16. The domain control device 200 can obtain the operating status of the switching components Q1 / Q2 based on the temperature of the first switching component Q1, the temperature of the second switching component Q2, the enable status of the first switching component Q1, the enable status of the second switching component Q2, and the operating voltage of the switching components, and determine whether the battery device is in a charging or discharging state, thereby realizing charge and discharge control, temperature sampling, driving and diagnosis of the switching components.

[0106] When the fifth output port GPIO_5 and the sixth output port GPIO_6 of the analog front-end circuit 11 output high / low signals respectively, they can simultaneously control the selection of eight ports, including the first selector 171 and the second selector 172. The sampled voltage signals, the temperature Q1_temp of the first switching component Q1, the temperature Q2_temp of the second switching component Q2, the enable state Driver1 of the first switching component Q1, and the enable state Driver2 of the second switching component Q2, are input to the first input port GPIO_11 and the second input port GPIO_12 of the analog front-end circuit 11.

[0107] When the voltage drop across the sampling resistor R1, which characterizes the charging and discharging current, is exceeded, the fast turn-off logic circuit 121 is triggered. Based on the voltage drop across the sampling resistor R1 exceeding the high current threshold voltage, it outputs a first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off (e.g., high level) to the drive logic processing circuit 122. The sampling information from the current sampling port of the analog front-end circuit 11 outputs a rising edge trigger signal DRT (this logic can also be executed by the analog front-end circuit controlled by the domain control device 200). When the drive logic processing circuit receives the above signal, it outputs the drive signals Driver1_EN / Driver2_EN as low level, cuts off the first switch component Q1 and the second switch component Q2, and turns off the current output / input of the positive and negative buses PACK+ and PACK-.

[0108] The first selector 171 and the second selector 172 upload the received enable state Driver1 of the first switch component Q1, enable state Driver2 of the second switch component Q2, and operating voltage V_s of the switch components to the domain control device 200. The domain control device 200 controls the analog front-end circuit 11 to output a reset signal Reset to the fast shutdown logic circuit 121 based on these signals, thereby shutting off the output of the first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off.

[0109] When the first switching component Q1 and the second switching component Q2 are turned on, and the positive bus PACK+ output / input current does not exceed the threshold, the output of the fast shutdown logic circuit 121, the first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off, is low; the output of the drive logic processing circuit 122, the drive signals Drive1_EN and Drive2_EN, are low, enabling the outputs of the first drive device 151 and the second drive device 152 to be high, and the first switching component Q1 and the second switching component Q2 remain on. At this time, when the domain control device 200 needs to charge with a small current according to the received parameters or information, it controls the analog front-end circuit 11 to output the switch enable signal Q1_EN to enable the drive logic processing circuit 122 to pull the drive signal Drive1_EN high, and the output of the first drive device 151, Drive1, is low; the first switching component Q1 is turned off, and at this time, it can charge with a small current through the second switching component Q2 and the parasitic diode of the first switching component Q1. It can be understood that when a small current discharge is needed, the second switching component Q2 is turned off. When it is necessary to shut down charging and discharging, the domain control device 200 controls the analog front-end circuit 11 to output switch enable signals Q1_EN and Q2_EN to enable the drive logic processing circuit 122 to pull the drive signals Drive1_EN and Drive2_EN high. The first drive device 151 and the second drive device 152 output Drive1 and Drive2 low levels, thus disconnecting the first switch component Q1 and the second switch component Q2.

[0110] When the first switching component Q1 and the second switching component Q2 are disconnected, the output / input current of the positive bus PACK+ is zero. The output of the fast turn-off logic circuit 121, the first overcurrent control signal Cut_Off, is low, and the outputs of the drive signals Drive1_EN and Drive2_EN are high. The outputs of the first drive device 151 and the second drive device 152, Drive1 and Drive2, are low, and the first switching component Q1 and the second switching component Q2 remain disconnected. At this time, when charging or discharging is required according to the received parameters or information, the analog front-end circuit 11 outputs a high-level trigger signal DRT, triggering a rising edge signal to the drive logic processing circuit 122. Simultaneously, the analog front-end circuit 11 outputs switch enable signals Q1_EN and Q2_EN to enable the drive logic processing circuit 122 to pull the drive signals Drive1_EN and Drive2_EN low. The outputs of the first drive device 151 and the second drive device 152 are high, and the first switching component Q1 and the second switching component Q2 are turned on.

[0111] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a power device including multiple battery modules C1~Cn and a battery management system as described above. The power device may include multiple battery devices, each of which is managed by a battery management system provided in this application embodiment, and the multiple battery management systems are managed by a domain control device 200.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system is used to manage multiple battery components, which are connected between a positive bus and a negative bus. The battery management system includes an analog front-end circuit, a logic circuit, a switching circuit, a sampling circuit, and a driving circuit. The analog front-end circuit is connected to the plurality of battery components; the sampling circuit is disposed on the positive bus or the negative bus, and is used to sample the charging and discharging current flowing through the positive bus or the negative bus, and output a sampling signal characterizing the magnitude of the charging and discharging current; the switching circuit is disposed on the positive bus or the negative bus; the logic circuit is connected to the sampling circuit and the driving circuit, and is used to output a shutdown driving signal to the driving circuit according to the sampling signal when the charging and discharging current exceeds a first threshold, so as to drive the switching circuit to disconnect.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a communication module, which is connected to the analog front-end circuit and is used to establish a communication connection between the analog front-end circuit and the domain control device.

3. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The logic circuit includes: A fast shutdown logic circuit, with its input terminal connected to the sampling circuit, is used to sample the charging and discharging current flowing through the positive bus or the negative bus, and outputs a first overcurrent control signal when the charging and discharging current exceeds a first threshold. The driving logic processing circuit has a first input terminal connected to the first output terminal of the fast shutdown logic circuit, and is used to output a shutdown driving signal to the driving circuit at the driving output terminal according to the first overcurrent control signal.

4. The battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fast shutdown logic circuit also includes a second output terminal, which is used to connect to a domain control device to output the first overcurrent control signal to the domain control device.

5. The battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fast shutdown logic circuit also includes a reset terminal, which is connected to the first output port of the analog front-end circuit and receives a reset signal to enable the fast shutdown logic circuit to be reset.

6. The battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fast shutdown logic circuit also includes a first trigger terminal, which is connected to the second output port of the analog front-end circuit to receive a trigger signal.

7. The battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive logic processing circuit further includes a switch enable terminal, which is connected to the third output port of the analog front-end circuit and receives a switch enable signal for enabling the drive logic processing circuit to output the turn-off drive signal or the turn-on drive signal.

8. The battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving logic processing circuit also includes a second trigger terminal, which is connected to the fourth output port of the analog front-end circuit to receive a trigger signal.

9. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes a detection circuit, which is connected to the analog front-end circuit. The detection circuit is used to detect one or more of the following: switch circuit temperature, switch circuit enable state, switch circuit operating voltage, battery voltage, bus voltage, and battery temperature, and outputs the results to the analog front-end circuit.

10. The battery management system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The detection circuit includes a gating circuit, which has multiple input terminals, a gating terminal, and an output terminal. The multiple input terminals of the gating circuit are respectively used to connect to one or more of the following: detection switch circuit temperature, switch circuit enable state, switch circuit operating voltage, battery voltage, bus voltage, and battery temperature. The gating terminal and the output terminal of the gating circuit are connected to the analog front-end circuit.

11. The battery management system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes a first switching component and a second switching component, which are connected in series on the positive bus. The control terminals of the first switching component and the second switching component are connected to the drive circuit.

12. The battery management system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The driving circuit includes a first driving device and a second driving device. The input terminal of the first driving device is connected to the first driving output terminal of the logic circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first switching component. The input terminal of the second driving device is connected to the second driving output terminal of the logic circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second switching component.

13. The battery management system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The gating circuit includes a first gating device and a second gating device; The first input terminal, second input terminal, third input terminal, and fourth input terminal of the first selector are respectively connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the control terminal of the first switching assembly, and the control terminal of the second switching assembly; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the first switching assembly, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the second switching assembly; the output terminal of the first selector is connected to the first input port of the analog front-end circuit, and the selection terminal of the first selector is connected to the fifth output port of the analog front-end circuit; The first input terminal of the second selector is connected to one end of the positive bus of the plurality of battery components; the second input terminal of the second selector is connected to the positive bus; the third input terminal of the second selector is connected to the series node of the first switch component and the second switch component; the fourth input terminal of the second selector is connected to a third temperature sensor; the third temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of battery components; the output terminal of the second selector is connected to the second input port of the analog front-end circuit; and the selection terminal of the second selector is connected to the sixth output port of the analog front-end circuit.

14. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The analog front-end circuit includes a current sampling port, which is connected to the sampling circuit.

15. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes a data storage device, which is connected to the analog front-end circuit.

16. An electrical device, characterized in that, It includes multiple battery components and a battery management system as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

Images