Pulling-resistant double-curved-surface seismic mitigation and isolation support

Abstract

The anti-pulling double-curved-surface seismic mitigation and isolation support comprises a spherical crown arranged between an upper seat plate and a lower seat plate. The opposite surfaces of the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate are respectively provided with symmetrical grooves with arc-shaped cross sections, the spherical crowns are arranged in the grooves, and the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the spherical crowns are respectively provided with arc-shaped bulges matched with the grooves; the spherical crown is annular, and an annular clamping groove is formed in the annular inner side wall of the spherical crown; in the ring, the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate are respectively provided with an anti-pulling clamping tenon with a T-shaped section in the groove, and the transverse end of the T shape is arranged in the clamping groove; and a plurality of shear pins are arranged among the annular groove, the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate. The clamping grooves are used for limiting the T-shaped ends of the anti-pulling clamping tenons in the longitudinal direction, the upper structure and the lower structure of a bridge are connected with the upper base plate and the lower base plate through sleeve bolts correspondingly, the bearing, rotating and displacement functions of the support are achieved, transverse overturning resistance can be achieved, and the stability performance of the bridge is improved; and the overall safety and stability of the bridge are guaranteed, major safety accidents are avoided, and high practicability and wide applicability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a seismic isolation bearing, specifically a pull-out type hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing, belonging to the field of anti-fall beam seismic technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most single-column pier bridges with single-support (or double-support but with a small distance between supports) use ordinary bearings. Under eccentric loading, the beam structure undergoes bending and torsional deformation, leading to a redistribution of the bearing reaction forces. When the eccentric loading increases to a certain extent, the unidirectional compression bearings far from the overturning axis gradually detach, potentially causing overturning.

[0003] To ensure the overall safety and stability of bridges and avoid major safety accidents, it is necessary to provide a new type of pull-out hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing suitable for preventing beam collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing bearings, the present invention aims to provide a pull-out type hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The pull-out type hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing includes a spherical cap placed between the upper and lower bearing plates;

[0007] The upper and lower seat plates are respectively provided with symmetrical grooves with arc-shaped cross-sections on their opposite surfaces.

[0008] The spherical crown is placed in the groove, and its top and bottom surfaces are respectively arc-shaped protrusions that match the groove;

[0009] The spherical crown is annular, and its inner sidewall is provided with annular grooves;

[0010] The upper and lower seat plates within the ring are respectively provided with T-shaped anti-pull-out tenons in the groove, with the lateral end of the T-shape placed in the slot;

[0011] The ring groove is provided with several shearing pins between the upper and lower base plates.

[0012] The height of the T-shaped end placed in the groove shall not be higher than the height of the groove opening.

[0013] The inner wall of the aforementioned groove is equipped with a sliding plate.

[0014] The top and bottom surfaces of the aforementioned spherical crown are respectively equipped with wear-resistant plates.

[0015] The aforementioned pull-out retaining clips are fixed to the upper and lower base plates by a number of tensile bolts.

[0016] Outside the spherical crown, an annular dustproof sealing ring is provided between the upper and lower seat plates.

[0017] A ring-shaped dustproof sealing ring is provided between the spherical crown and the groove.

[0018] The groove has a tenon in the middle, and the end of the pull-out tenon is inserted into the tenon.

[0019] The cross-section of the aforementioned slot is rectangular.

[0020] The advantages of this invention are:

[0021] The anti-fall beam, uplift-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing of this invention utilizes a spherical crown between the upper and lower bearing plates. This allows the upper bearing plate to undergo frictional displacement and reciprocating oscillating displacement based on the crown, thereby dissipating seismic energy through its own friction and further reducing seismic response, achieving seismic isolation. Through the key connection of the uplift-resistant tenon, the superstructure and substructure of the bridge are effectively connected by the upper and lower steel plate sleeve bolts of the bearing. This not only realizes the bearing's load-bearing, rotational, and displacement functions but also achieves lateral anti-overturning, improving the stability of the bridge. In particular, it overcomes the shortcomings of ordinary bearings used in single-column or similar continuous box girder structures, which lack anti-overturning capabilities. This ensures the overall safety and stability of the bridge, preventing major safety accidents. It is especially suitable for highway and urban bridges and related projects in high-intensity earthquake zones or with seismic isolation requirements, demonstrating strong practicality and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a pull-out type hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing.

[0023] Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the supported compound pendulum (Figure B) and the principle diagram of its period (Figure A).

[0024] Figure 3 The load-displacement hysteresis curve is a two-segment mechanical model.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pull-out resistance principle.

[0026] The markings in the attached diagram have the following meanings: 1. Upper seat plate, 2. Lower seat plate, 3. Spherical crown, 4. Pull-out locking tenon, 5. Tension bolt, 6. Slide plate, 7. Wear-resistant plate, 8. Dustproof sealing ring, 9. Water-blocking sealing ring, 10. Shear pin. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the pull-out type hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing consists of an upper bearing plate 1, a lower bearing plate 2, and a spherical crown 3.

[0029] The upper and lower seat plates are respectively provided with grooves with arc-shaped cross sections on opposite surfaces, namely the bottom surface of the upper seat plate and the top surface of the lower seat plate. At the center of the grooves, anti-pull-out tenons 4 with T-shaped cross sections are respectively provided. The T-shaped ends of the anti-pull-out tenons are located near the groove opening, and the top height of the T-shaped ends is not higher than the groove opening height. Preferably, the top height of the T-shaped ends is lower than the groove opening height of the arc-shaped groove.

[0030] A tenon is provided at the center of the groove, and the end of the pull-out tenon is placed into the tenon, and then fixed to the upper and lower base plates by several tensile bolts 5. This further prevents the pull-out tenon from being displaced laterally by lateral forces.

[0031] With the upper and lower seat plates closed, the annular spherical crown is placed horizontally between the upper and lower seat plates, circling the periphery of the pull-out tenon. The top surface of the spherical crown supports the groove surface of the upper seat plate, and the bottom surface of the spherical crown presses against the groove surface of the lower seat plate. The end face of the spherical crown near the pull-out tenon (inner wall of the ring) is provided with annular grooves with a rectangular cross-section. The two wings of the T-shaped end of the pull-out tenon are respectively placed into the grooves, and the grooves limit the pull-out tenon longitudinally.

[0032] Preferably, a reinforcing layer is provided on the contact surface of the spherical crown and the upper and lower seat plates, including a sliding plate 6 provided on the inner wall of the groove of the upper and lower seat plates and a wear-resistant plate 7 provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the spherical crown; the sliding plate is preferably made of stainless steel.

[0033] A dustproof and water-blocking sealing ring is provided between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate. The dustproof sealing ring 8 is located between the spherical crown and the groove, and the water-blocking sealing ring 9 is located between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate.

[0034] The annular groove has several shear pins 10 between the upper and lower seat plates.

[0035] During an earthquake, the friction between the two spherical sliding surfaces dissipates seismic energy, achieving a damping function. At the same time, the spherical swing extends the motion period of the upper beam, achieving a seismic isolation function. When the swing reaches its limit position, alloy steel clips are used to limit the horizontal and vertical movement, achieving a beam-prevention and pull-out-proof function.

[0036] Seismic isolation principle:

[0037] like Figure 2 (Figure A shows the oscillation principle) As shown, using the principle of friction pendulum, based on compound pendulum, the period of the support is only related to the pendulum radius SR and is independent of the mass. Therefore, the period can be shared by all series of tonnage of the support.

[0038] The relationship between the period and the diameter of the ball is as follows:

[0039] The anti-fall beam pull-out type hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing of the present invention also has the function of extending the superstructure period and reducing seismic response. At the same time, it can dissipate seismic energy through its own friction, further reducing seismic response. Its hysteresis curve has the following basic shape: Figure 3 The figure shows a two-segment mechanical model of the load-displacement hysteresis curve. In the figure, W represents the vertical load borne by the support, K1 represents the stiffness before slippage, and K... c For post-buck stiffness, Ke ff For the equivalent stiffness, Dy is the static friction yield displacement, e is the design horizontal displacement, D is the horizontal displacement, F is the horizontal restoring force, and μ is the friction coefficient.

[0040] (1) Stiffness before slippage, taking the initial yield displacement Dy = 2.5mm (2~5mm):

[0041] K p =μW / D y

[0042] (2) Post-buck stiffness: K c =W / SR

[0043] (3) Equivalent stiffness: K eff =(1 / SR+μ / e)W

[0044] (4) Equivalent period:

[0045] (5) Damping ratio: ζ e =2μW / (πK) eff e)

[0046] (6) Anti-falling beam force: F L =W × 20%.

[0047] Principles of pull-out and overturning resistance:

[0048] like Figure 4 Both the upper and lower support plates shown are equipped with pull-out retaining clips. The pull-out retaining clips are connected to the middle part of the upper support plate by tensile bolts. The specifications and number of tensile bolts can be adjusted according to design requirements to control the pull-out force Fk of the support: Fk=K×Fb×n;

[0049] In the formula, Fb is the maximum tensile force that a single bolt can withstand, n is the number of bolts, and K is a correction factor, which is taken as 0.5.

[0050] Advantages of pull-out retaining clips:

[0051] (1) It has the function of limiting the horizontal movement of the support to prevent the beam from falling off in the horizontal direction.

[0052] (2) Through the key connection of the anti-pull-out tenon, the superstructure and substructure of the bridge are effectively connected to the upper and lower bearing plates of the support, respectively. This not only realizes the load-bearing, rotation, and displacement functions of ordinary bearings, but also achieves lateral anti-overturning, improving the stability of the bridge. In particular, it solves the shortcoming of ordinary bearings used in single-column or similar continuous box girder structures, which lack anti-overturning function. This ensures the overall safety and stability of the bridge and avoids the occurrence of major safety accidents.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pull-out type hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that, Including the spherical crown placed between the upper and lower seats; The upper and lower seat plates are respectively provided with symmetrical grooves with arc-shaped cross-sections on their opposite surfaces. The spherical crown is placed in the groove, and its top and bottom surfaces are respectively arc-shaped protrusions that match the groove; The spherical crown is annular, and its inner sidewall is provided with annular grooves; The upper and lower seat plates within the ring are respectively provided with T-shaped anti-pull-out tenons in the groove, with the lateral end of the T-shape placed in the slot.

2. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the T-shaped end placed in the groove is not higher than the height of the groove opening.

3. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the groove is equipped with a sliding plate.

4. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top and bottom surfaces of the spherical crown are respectively provided with wear-resistant plates.

5. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pull-out mortise is fixed to the upper and lower base plates by a number of tensile bolts.

6. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Outside the spherical crown, an annular water-blocking sealing ring is provided between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate.

7. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ring-shaped dustproof sealing ring is provided between the spherical crown and the groove.

8. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove has a tenon in the middle, and the end of the pull-out tenon is inserted into the tenon.

9. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slot has a rectangular cross-section.

10. The pull-out-resistant hyperboloid seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring groove is provided, and several shearing pins are also provided between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate.

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