Tensioning mechanism, machining head and machining machine tool

Abstract

The utility model provides a tensioning mechanism, a machining head and a machining machine tool, the tensioning mechanism comprises a tensioning wheel, a spring, a tensioning support and a sliding part, the tensioning support is provided with a fixed mounting end, the tensioning wheel is rotationally connected with the sliding part through a tensioning wheel shaft, the sliding part is used for driving the tensioning wheel to move, and the spring is arranged on the tensioning wheel shaft. The spring is arranged between the tensioning support and the sliding part, the tensioning support is overlapped with a partial area of the sliding part, the overlapped area of the tensioning support and the sliding part is matched with a locking element through a plurality of through holes, and the sliding part is connected with the tensioning support in a sliding mode relative to the tensioning support. The locking element is used for locking the sliding piece and the tensioning support at a specific position. By the adoption of the tensioning mechanism in the technical scheme, the tensioning force of the transmission belt can be adjusted according to needs, and the overall structure of the machining head is compact.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a tensioning mechanism, a machining head and a machining machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The machining head of a numerical control machine tool usually adopts common transmission modes such as belt transmission and gear transmission. For a belt transmission mechanism, a corresponding tensioning mechanism should be provided. Some current tensioning mechanisms have the problem that the size of the tensioning force cannot be adjusted as needed.

[0003] In view of how to adjust the size of the tensioning force as needed, the Chinese patent document CN222391881U adjusts the deformation of a compression spring by rotating a guide shaft having external threads and abutting against the compression spring, thereby adjusting the size of the tensioning force. However, considering that the compression spring should have a sufficient deformation amount and the guide shaft should also have a sufficient displacement amount for adjustment, the entire tensioning mechanism must be long enough in the axial direction. However, such a structural arrangement lacks feasibility in the interior of a machining head that has relatively high requirements for compactness, especially in a machining head in which other mechanisms also need to be arranged in addition to the tensioning mechanism. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] Embodiments of the present application aim to at least solve one of the problems of the prior art. Embodiments of the present application provide a tensioning mechanism, a machining head and a machining machine tool, which can adjust the size of the tensioning force of a transmission belt as needed and have a relatively compact overall structure.

[0005] The related technical solutions of embodiments of the present application include the following:

[0006] A first aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a tensioning mechanism. The tensioning mechanism comprises:

[0007] a tensioning support, the tensioning support having a fixed mounting end;

[0008] a sliding member, the sliding member being slidably connected with the tensioning support;

[0009] a tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel being rotatably connected with the sliding member through a tensioning wheel shaft, the sliding member being used to drive the tensioning wheel to move; and

[0010] a spring, the spring being arranged between the tensioning support and the sliding member;

[0011] wherein, the tensioning support and the sliding member overlap in part, the overlapping area of the tensioning support and the sliding member being matched with a locking element through a plurality of through holes, the locking element being used to lock the sliding member and the tensioning support at a specific position.

[0012] Optionally, the one end of the tensioning support is provided with a first spring mounting seat, the sliding member is provided with a second spring mounting seat, and two ends of the plurality of springs are respectively abutted between the first spring mounting seat and the second spring mounting seat.

[0013] Optionally, the tensioning mechanism further comprises a tensioning wheel bearing and a guide rod, the tensioning wheel is sleeved on the tensioning wheel shaft through the tensioning wheel bearing, the first spring mounting seat is provided with a guide hole, one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the second spring mounting seat, the other end of the guide rod is slidably arranged in the guide hole, and the springs are sleeved on the guide rod; the springs and the guide rod are both provided in plurality, and the plurality of springs and the plurality of guide rods are arranged side by side.

[0014] Optionally, one of the tensioning support and the sliding member is provided with a plurality of through holes at equal intervals in the sliding direction of the sliding member on the area overlapped with each other, and the other is provided with a waist-shaped hole on the area overlapped with each other, the waist-shaped hole can be aligned with at least one of the plurality of through holes for the locking element to pass through and be locked.

[0015] Optionally, at least one side of the sliding member is protruded towards the tensioning support to form a sliding guide portion, or at least one side of the tensioning support is protruded towards the sliding member to form a sliding guide portion; the extension direction of the sliding guide portion is the same as the sliding direction of the sliding member itself.

[0016] Optionally, one end of the sliding member close to the tensioning wheel is provided with a mounting hole, the sliding member is further fixedly connected with a tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat, the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat is provided with a clamping hole at the position opposite to the mounting hole, and the tensioning wheel shaft sequentially passes through the mounting hole and the clamping hole; the clamping hole has an opening in the circumferential direction, one side of the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat is separated into a first locking portion and a second locking portion which are spaced and oppositely arranged by the opening, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are respectively connected with the inner wall at the opening of the clamping hole, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are respectively provided with locking holes which are aligned with each other, a locking bolt is arranged in the locking hole, and the locking bolt is used for locking the tensioning wheel shaft.

[0017] The second aspect of the embodiment of the application provides a machining head. The machining head comprises:

[0018] a spindle assembly comprising a spindle box and a spindle installed in the spindle box;

[0019] a driving mechanism comprising a motor;

[0020] The transmission mechanism comprises a belt transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism and a rotating base, the belt transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the output end of the motor, the gear transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the belt transmission mechanism, the input end of the rotating base is in transmission connection with the gear transmission mechanism, and the rotating base is used to drive the spindle box to rotate.

[0021] The machining head base;

[0022] The transmission mechanism further comprises the tensioning mechanism in one of the aforementioned embodiments, the tensioning mechanism is located outside the transmission belt of the belt transmission mechanism, and the fixed mounting end of the tensioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the machining head base.

[0023] Optionally, the belt transmission mechanism comprises a driving pulley, a first driven pulley and a second driven pulley in transmission connection through the transmission belt, the driving pulley, the first driven pulley and the second driven pulley are arranged in a triangular shape; the gear transmission mechanism comprises a driven gear and a first driving gear and a second driving gear in meshing connection with the driven gear respectively; the first driven pulley and the first driving gear are in transmission connection through a first speed reducer, and the second driven pulley and the second driving gear are in transmission connection through a second speed reducer; and the transmission belt is a synchronous belt.

[0024] Optionally, the rotating axis of the rotating base and the axis of the spindle form an angle of 45°, the spindle box is fixedly connected to the rotating base, and the outer periphery of the machining head base and the rotating base is in sealing connection through a fixed sealing ring and a rotating sealing ring.

[0025] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a machining machine tool. The machining machine tool comprises the machining head in one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0026] The technical scheme of the tensioning mechanism in the embodiment of the application has at least the following technical effects: the tensioning support and the sliding piece in the embodiment of the application can be matched with the locking element through the plurality of through holes, so as to switch the sliding piece between the state of sliding relative to the tensioning support and the state of being locked at a specific position. After the sliding piece is unlocked, the spring has a tendency to recover from the compressed deformation state to the natural state, that is, under the action of the elastic recovery force of the spring, the sliding piece drives the tensioning wheel to abut against the transmission belt. By locking the sliding piece at different positions of the tensioning support, the deformation degree of the spring is different, and the size of the elastic recovery force after being released is also different. Therefore, the tensioning mechanism matched with the machining head in the embodiment of the application can adjust the size of the tensioning force as required. In addition, the tensioning support and the sliding piece as the components for adjusting the size of the tensioning force are in an overlapping relationship instead of being connected in series in the axial direction, so that the entire tensioning mechanism can be more compact.

[0027] It can be understood that the technical scheme of the machining head and the machining machine tool in the embodiment of the application also has at least the corresponding technical effects of the technical scheme of the machining head, which will not be described here.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. Accordingly, some aspects will be readily apparent from the following description, the embodiments, and the appended claims, or can be learned by the practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Fig. 1(a) is a structural schematic view of a machining head in the embodiment of the application;

[0030] Fig. 1(b) is a sectional view of the machining head in the embodiment of the application;

[0031] Fig. 2(a) is a structural schematic view of a tensioning mechanism in the machining head in the embodiment of the application;

[0032] Fig. 2(b) is a structural schematic view of a tensioning support and a sliding piece in the tensioning mechanism in the embodiment of the application;

[0033] Fig. 2(c) is an exploded schematic view of part of the components in the tensioning mechanism in the embodiment of the application;

[0034] Fig. 2(d) is an exploded schematic view of a tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat and a locking bolt in the tensioning mechanism in the embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a main transmission component of a transmission mechanism of the machining head in the embodiment of the application;

[0036] In the drawings:

[0037] 10 - main shaft assembly, 12 - main shaft box; 20 - driving mechanism, 21 - motor; 30 - transmission mechanism, 31 - belt transmission mechanism, 311 - first driven pulley, 312 - second driven pulley, 313 - driving pulley, 32 - speed reducer assembly, 321 - first speed reducer, 322 - second speed reducer, 33 - gear transmission mechanism, 331 - first driving gear, 332 - second driving gear, 333 - driven gear, 35 - tensioning mechanism, 351 - tensioning wheel, 352 - tensioning wheel shaft, 353 - spring, 354 - tensioning bracket, 3541 - first spring mounting seat, 3542 - waist-shaped hole, 3543 - reinforcing rib plate, 3544 - bracket mounting portion, 355 - sliding member, 3551 - second spring mounting seat, 3552 - mounting hole, 3553 - sliding guide portion, 356 - locking element, 357 - tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat, 3571 - first locking portion, 3572 - second locking portion, 3573 - clamping hole, 3574 - locking bolt, 358 - tensioning wheel bearing, 359 - guide rod, 36 - rotating base; 40 - machining head base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0039] Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings of embodiments can be obtained from the technical solutions shown in these drawings without creative labor.

[0040] It should be understood that "multiple" mentioned herein refers to two or more. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of or, for example, "A / B" represents A or B; "and / or" herein is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can represent the above three cases of A alone, A and B together, B alone, etc.

[0041] In addition, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, "first" or "second" and the like are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art can understand that "first" and "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and "first" and "second" and the like do not necessarily mean different.

[0042] The "mounting", "connecting" and "setting" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application include direct mounting / connecting / setting and indirect mounting / connecting / setting; include detachable mounting / connecting / setting and non-detachable mounting / connecting / setting; include fixed mounting / connecting / setting and movable mounting / connecting / setting. The "fixed connection" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application includes detachable fixed connection and non-detachable fixed connection, and also includes an integrated structure.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1(a) to 3 The first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a tensioning mechanism 35. The tensioning mechanism 35 includes a tensioning wheel 351, a tensioning bracket 354, a sliding member 355 and a spring 353. The tensioning bracket 354 has a fixed mounting end for mounting the entire tensioning bracket 354 on a base. The tensioning wheel 351 is rotatable relative to the sliding member 355 through a tensioning wheel shaft 352, the sliding member 355 is slidably connected with the tensioning bracket 354, the sliding member 355 is used to drive the tensioning wheel 351 to move, and the spring 353 is arranged between the tensioning bracket 354 and the sliding member 355.

[0044] The tensioning bracket 354 and the sliding member 355 partially overlap, the overlapping area of the tensioning bracket 354 and the sliding member 355 is matched with a locking element 356 through a plurality of through holes, and the locking element 356 is used to lock the sliding member 355 and the tensioning bracket 354 at a specific position, wherein the "specific position" is the position of one of the plurality of through holes.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the locking element 356 can lock the relative position of the two by the tensioning bracket 354 and the through hole on the sliding piece 355. The spring 353 also abuts between the tensioning bracket 354 and the sliding piece 355, so that the spring 353 is in a compressed deformed state in the locked state. Remove the locking element 356, and the sliding piece 355 will be in the unlocked state. The spring mounting seat on the tensioning bracket 354 is indirectly fixed on the machining head base 40. Under the action of the elastic restoring force, the sliding piece 355 has a recovery trend from the compressed deformed state to the natural length state, that is, the sliding piece 355 in the unlocked state will move towards the transmission belt until it abuts against the transmission belt. Since the overlapping area of the tensioning bracket 354 and the sliding piece 355 has a plurality of through holes, the sliding piece 355 can be locked at different positions of the tensioning bracket 354, that is, the compressed degree (i.e. the deformation amount) of the spring 353 can be adjusted as needed, so that the size of the elastic restoring force released by the spring 353 is also different. That is, the size of the tensioning force of the tensioning wheel 351 against the transmission belt can be adjusted as needed. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the two components (i.e. the tensioning bracket 354 and the sliding piece 355) for adjusting the size of the tensioning force are overlapped in part of the area instead of being axially connected in series with each other, so that the structure of the entire tensioning mechanism 35 and even the entire machining head can be more compact.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), in an embodiment of the present application, the tensioning bracket 354 includes a tensioning bracket main body extending in the same direction as the sliding direction of the sliding piece 355, a first spring mounting seat 3541, a bracket mounting portion 3544, and a reinforcing rib plate 3543. The bracket mounting portion 3544 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the tensioning bracket 354 is fixedly mounted on the machining head base 40 through the cooperation of the plurality of through holes on the bracket mounting portion 3544 and the locking element 356. The first spring mounting seat 3541 is arranged at one end of the tensioning bracket 354 away from the transmission belt. The first spring mounting seat 3541 is in an integral structure, a detachable fixed connection or a non-detachable fixed connection with the tensioning bracket main body. The reinforcing rib plate 3543 connects the two side edges of the tensioning bracket main body and the bracket mounting portion 3544, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the entire tensioning bracket 354.

[0047] In FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), the surface opposite to the tensioning bracket 354 of the sliding member 355 (i.e. the sliding surface) is a flat surface, and the opposite side of the flat surface has a plurality of stepped surfaces, so that the thickness of the sliding member body at different positions thereof is different, wherein the thickness of the area where the mounting hole 3552 is located is thinner, so that the depth of the mounting hole 3552 is shallower, facilitating the installation and positioning of the tensioning wheel shaft 352. The thickness of the sliding member body at the position fixedly connected with the second spring mounting seat 3551 and the position fixedly connected with the tensioning wheel mounting seat 357 is thicker. As shown in FIG. 2(c), the tensioning wheel 351 can rotate around the tensioning wheel shaft 352 through the cooperation of the tensioning wheel bearing 358 and the tensioning wheel shaft 352, wherein the tensioning wheel shaft 352 is a stepped shaft with a shaft shoulder, so as to facilitate the installation and positioning of other accessories. The tensioning wheel 351 can be provided with a shape that the diameter of both ends is larger and the diameter of the middle part is smaller (the longitudinal section thereof is in the shape of an I-beam), and the transmission belt is just clamped in the inner recessed part with a smaller diameter.

[0048] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), one end of the tensioning bracket 354 is provided with a first spring mounting seat 3541, and the sliding member 355 is provided with a second spring mounting seat 3551, and two ends of the plurality of springs 353 are respectively abutted between the first spring mounting seat 3541 and the second spring mounting seat 3551.

[0049] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 2(a) to 2(d) , the tensioning mechanism 35 further comprises a tensioning wheel bearing 358 and a guide rod 359, the tensioning wheel 351 is sleeved on the tensioning wheel shaft 352 through the tensioning wheel bearing 358; the first spring mounting seat 3541 is provided with a guide hole, one end of the guide rod 359 is fixedly connected with the second spring mounting seat 3551, the other end of the guide rod 359 is slidably arranged in the guide hole, and the spring 353 is sleeved on the guide rod 359; the spring 353 and the guide rod 359 both comprise a plurality of, and the plurality of springs 353 and the plurality of guide rods 359 are arranged side by side. Specifically, the other end of the guide rod 359 penetrates through the guide hole and also penetrates through the entire first spring mounting seat 3541. The arrangement of the guide rod 359 can reduce the risk of instability of the spring 353.

[0050] The stiffness coefficient k of the elastic system composed of the plurality of springs in parallel is the sum of the stiffness coefficients of the plurality of springs, i.e. k = k1 + k2 + … + kn. n , wherein k1, k2, … kn nrespectively. In FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), two springs 353 are arranged in parallel. A plurality of guide rods 359 are arranged between the first spring mounting seat 3541 and the second spring mounting seat 3551, and each spring 353 is sleeved on a guide rod 359. It can be understood that more springs 353 can be arranged in parallel according to needs, and the number of guide rods 359 can also be arranged to be multiple. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of springs arranged in parallel are arranged, and the stiffness coefficient of the elastic system can also be adjusted according to needs. As known, the size of the elastic restoring force is the product of the stiffness coefficient and the deformation amount. As described above, in the technical solutions of some embodiments of the present application, the deformation amount can be adjusted according to needs; and the stiffness coefficient can be further adjusted to adjust the size of the tensioning force in some other embodiments of the present application.

[0051] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), one of the tensioning bracket 354 and the sliding member 355 is provided with a plurality of through holes at equal intervals along the sliding direction of the sliding member 355 on the area overlapping with each other, and the other is provided with a waist-shaped hole 3542 on the area overlapping with each other, and the waist-shaped hole 3542 can be aligned with at least one of the plurality of through holes for the locking element 356 to pass through and be locked. The plurality of through holes arranged at equal intervals can adjust the deformation amount of the spring 353 according to different gears. In FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), the waist-shaped hole 3542 is arranged on the tensioning bracket 354, and a plurality of through holes are arranged at equal intervals along the sliding direction of the sliding member 355 on the sliding member 355 directly below the tensioning bracket 354. It can be understood that the plurality of through holes can also be arranged on the tensioning bracket 354, and the waist-shaped hole can be arranged on the sliding member 355.

[0052] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2(b), at least one side of the sliding member 355 is protruded towards the tensioning bracket 354 to form a sliding guide part 3553, and the extension direction of the sliding guide part 3553 is the same as the sliding direction of the sliding member 355 itself. As an alternative embodiment, at least one side of the tensioning bracket 354 is protruded towards the sliding member 355 to form a sliding guide part 3553, and the extension direction of the sliding guide part 3553 is the same as the sliding direction of the sliding member 355 itself. The arrangement of the sliding guide part 3553 is beneficial to keep the sliding of the sliding member 355 relative to the tensioning bracket 354 directional, and thus the direction of the tensioning wheel 351 abutting against the transmission belt can still be kept consistent in the process of repeated adjustment.

[0053] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, as Figures 2(a) to 2(d)As shown, the sliding member 355 is provided with a mounting hole 3552 at one end close to the tensioning wheel 351, and the sliding member 355 is further fixedly connected with a tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat 357, the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat 357 is provided with a clamping hole 3573 at a position opposite to the mounting hole 3552, and the tensioning wheel shaft 352 passes through the mounting hole 3552 and the clamping hole 3573 in sequence; the clamping hole 3573 has an opening in the circumferential direction, one side of the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat 357 is separated into a first locking portion 3571 and a second locking portion 3572 which are spaced and oppositely arranged by the opening, the first locking portion 3571 and the second locking portion 3572 are respectively connected with the inner wall at the opening of the clamping hole 3573, the first locking portion 3571 and the second locking portion 3572 are respectively provided with locking holes which are aligned with each other, and a locking bolt 3574 is arranged in the locking hole, and the locking bolt 3574 is used for locking the tensioning wheel shaft 352.

[0054] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application clamps the lower part of the tensioning wheel shaft 352 by the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat 357 (the upper part of the tensioning wheel shaft 352 can also be clamped according to the requirement), and the upper part of the tensioning wheel shaft 352 is limited in the direction other than the axial direction by the mounting hole 3552 on the sliding member 355, so as to reduce the possibility of the side turning caused by clamping only the lower part of the tensioning wheel shaft 352. In addition, the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat 357 clamps the tensioning wheel shaft 352 by the structure similar to the clamp, the clamping is relatively firm, so that the movement of the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat 357 can drive the movement of the tensioning wheel shaft 352. The tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat 357 is fixedly connected with the sliding member 355, so that the sliding of the sliding member 355 after being unlocked can drive the movement of the tensioning wheel shaft 352.

[0055] Please refer to FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 1(b), the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a machining head. The machining head comprises a spindle assembly 10, a driving mechanism 20, a transmission mechanism 30 and a machining head base 40.

[0056] The spindle assembly 10 comprises a spindle box 12 and a spindle installed in the spindle box 12.

[0057] The driving mechanism 20 comprises a motor 21. Specifically, the motor 21 can be a servo motor.

[0058] The transmission mechanism 30 comprises a belt transmission mechanism 31, a gear transmission mechanism 33 and a rotating base 36. The belt transmission mechanism 31 is in transmission connection with the output end of the motor 21. The gear transmission mechanism 33 is in transmission connection with the belt transmission mechanism 31. The input end of the rotating base 36 is in transmission connection with the gear transmission mechanism 33. The rotating base 36 is used to drive the spindle box 12 to rotate. The rotating base 36 can be a bearing seat. Specifically, the box body of the spindle box 12 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat as the rotating base 36 in the circumferential direction, so that the spindle box 12 rotates with the rotating base 36. The spindle is installed in the spindle box 12, so that the spindle can revolve around the rotation center axis of the rotating base 36.

[0059] The machining head base 40 can be a component part of the housing of the machining head, and is used as a mounting base of the machining head.

[0060] The transmission mechanism 30 further comprises the tensioning mechanism 35 in one of the foregoing embodiments. The tensioning mechanism 35 is located outside the transmission belt of the belt transmission mechanism 31, and the fixed mounting end of the tensioning mechanism 35 is fixedly connected to the machining head base 40. The machining head with the tensioning mechanism 35 in one of the foregoing embodiments can make the structure of the whole machining head more compact.

[0061] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 3 The transmission belt is a synchronous belt, such as a trapezoidal tooth synchronous belt, a circular tooth synchronous belt, a parabolic tooth synchronous belt and the like. The gear transmission mechanism 33 comprises a driven gear 333, a first driving gear 331 and a second driving gear 332 which are respectively in meshing connection with the driven gear 333. The transmission mechanism 30 further comprises a speed reducer assembly 32 which comprises a first speed reducer 321 and a second speed reducer 322. The first driving gear 331 and the first driven gear 311 are in transmission connection through the first speed reducer 321. The second driving gear 332 and the second driven gear 312 are in transmission connection through the second speed reducer 322.

[0062] The introduction of the first speed reducer 321 and the second speed reducer 322 can further increase the output torque of the transmission mechanism 30. It can be understood that the first speed reducer 321 and the second speed reducer 322 not only include commercially available speed reducers, but also include any transmission assembly that can achieve speed reduction and torque increase designed or manufactured by oneself. The power transmission members of the first transmission chain are, from upstream to downstream, the driving pulley 313, the first driven pulley 311, the first speed reducer 321, the first driving gear 331, and the driven gear 333. The power transmission members of the second transmission chain are, from upstream to downstream, the driving pulley 313, the second driven pulley 312, the second speed reducer 322, the second driving gear 332, and the driven gear 333. That is, the driving pulley 313 transmits power to the driven gear 333 through the first transmission chain including the first driven pulley 311 and the first driving gear 331, and the second transmission chain including the second driven pulley 312 and the second driving gear 332, respectively. Please refer to FIG. 1(a), the driven gear 333 is in driving connection with the input end of the rotating base 36, so that the rotating base 36 is driven to rotate by the driven gear 333.

[0063] Further, the distances between the pulley centers of the first driven pulley 311 and the second driven pulley 312 and the pulley center of the driving pulley 313 are equal, that is, the line connecting the pulley centers of the driving pulley 313, the first driven pulley 311 and the second driven pulley 312 forms an isosceles triangle layout, and the pulley center of the driving pulley 313 is located at the vertex of the isosceles triangle. The symmetrical arrangement of the double transmission chains not only makes each transmission member of the transmission chain bear force uniformly and thus reduces wear.

[0064] Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 1(b), the rotation axis of the rotating base 36 and the axis of the main shaft form an angle of 45°, the main shaft box 12 is fixedly connected with the rotating base 36, and the outer periphery of both the rotating base 36 and the machining head base 40 is sealingly connected by a fixed sealing ring and a rotating sealing ring. When the main shaft box 12 rotates around the rotation axis of the rotating base 36, the axis of the main shaft in the main shaft box 12 can be switched between a horizontal state and a vertical state, so that the machining head can be applied to a machining machine tool that can be used in both vertical and horizontal states. It can be understood that the angle between the two can also be other angles according to needs. The outer periphery of both the rotating base 36 and the machining head base 40 is sealingly connected by the cooperation of the static ring (i.e. the fixed sealing ring) and the dynamic ring (i.e. the rotating sealing ring), effectively preventing external liquids or impurities from entering the interior of the machining head.

[0065] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a machining tool. In some embodiments of the present application, the machining tool comprises the machining head as described in one of the embodiments as described above. The machining tool can be a vertical-horizontal machining tool. In the vertical working mode, the axis of the spindle of the machining head is in a vertical state; in the horizontal working mode, the axis of the spindle of the machining head is in a horizontal state.

[0066] The machining head as described in one of the embodiments of the present application as described above can adjust the tension of the transmission belt according to the need, and the overall structure of the machining head is relatively compact.

[0067] The above only lists the preferred embodiments of the present application, of course, cannot limit the scope of the present application, therefore, the equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present application, still belongs to the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A tensioning mechanism, characterized in that The tensioning mechanism comprises: a tensioning support having a fixed mounting end; a sliding member slidably connected with the tensioning support; a tensioning wheel rotatably connected with the sliding member through a tensioning wheel shaft, the sliding member being used to drive the tensioning wheel to move; a spring arranged between the tensioning support and the sliding member; wherein the tensioning support and the sliding member partially overlap, the overlapping area of the tensioning support and the sliding member being matched with a plurality of through holes and locking elements, the locking elements being used to lock the sliding member and the tensioning support at a specific position. One end of the tensioning support is provided with a first spring mounting seat, the sliding member is provided with a second spring mounting seat, and the two ends of the spring are respectively abutted between the first spring mounting seat and the second spring mounting seat.

2. The tensioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The tensioning mechanism further comprises a tensioning wheel bearing and a guide rod, the tensioning wheel is sleeved on the tensioning wheel shaft through the tensioning wheel bearing; the first spring mounting seat is provided with a guide hole, one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the second spring mounting seat, the other end of the guide rod is slidably arranged in the guide hole, and the spring is sleeved on the guide rod; 3. A tensioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterised in that, The spring and the guide rod both comprise a plurality of springs and guide rods which are arranged side by side. One of the tensioning support and the sliding member is provided with a plurality of through holes at equal intervals along the sliding direction of the sliding member on the overlapping area, and the other is provided with a waist-shaped hole which can be aligned with at least one of the plurality of through holes for the locking element to pass through for locking.

4. The tensioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein, At least one side of the sliding member is protruded towards the tensioning support to form a sliding guide part, or at least one side of the tensioning support is protruded towards the sliding member to form a sliding guide part; the extension direction of the sliding guide part is the same as the sliding direction of the sliding member itself.

5. The tensioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein, One end of the sliding member close to the tensioning wheel is provided with a mounting hole, the sliding member is further fixedly connected with a tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat, the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat is provided with a clamping hole at a position opposite to the mounting hole, the tensioning wheel shaft sequentially passes through the mounting hole and the clamping hole; the clamping hole has an opening in the circumferential direction, one side of the tensioning wheel shaft mounting seat is separated into a first locking part and a second locking part which are spaced and oppositely arranged by the opening, the first locking part and the second locking part are respectively connected with the inner wall at the opening of the clamping hole, the first locking part and the second locking part are respectively provided with locking holes which are aligned with each other, a locking bolt is arranged in the locking hole, and the locking bolt is used to lock the tensioning wheel shaft.

6. A tensioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The tensioning mechanism comprises:

7. A processing head characterised in that, a spindle assembly comprising a spindle box and a spindle mounted in the spindle box; a driving mechanism comprising a motor; ​ The transmission mechanism comprises a belt transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism, and a rotating base, the belt transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with an output end of the motor, the gear transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the belt transmission mechanism, an input end of the rotating base is in transmission connection with the gear transmission mechanism, and the rotating base is used to drive the spindle box to rotate; and The machining head base; The transmission mechanism further comprises the tensioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the tensioning mechanism is located outside a transmission belt of the belt transmission mechanism, and a fixed mounting end of the tensioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the machining head base.

8. The machining head of claim 7, wherein, The belt transmission mechanism comprises a driving pulley, a first driven pulley, and a second driven pulley in transmission connection through the transmission belt, the driving pulley, the first driven pulley, and the second driven pulley are arranged in a triangular shape; the gear transmission mechanism comprises a driven gear and a first driving gear and a second driving gear in meshing connection with the driven gear respectively; the first driven pulley and the first driving gear are in transmission connection through a first speed reducer, and the second driven pulley and the second driving gear are in transmission connection through a second speed reducer; and the transmission belt is a synchronous belt.

9. A processing head according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that, A rotation axis of the rotating base and an axis of the spindle form an angle of 45°, the spindle box is fixedly connected to the rotating base, and the outer periphery of both the machining head base and the rotating base is in sealing connection through a fixed sealing ring and a rotating sealing ring.

10. Machine tool, characterized in that The machining head comprises the machining head according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

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