Pneumatic slag removal system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pneumatic slag removal system which solves the problems that in the prior art, a vacuum slag storage device is small in slag removal particle size, and a slag removal pipeline is prone to being blocked. The pneumatic slag removal system comprises a muck separation tank, an anti-blocking air blowing unit is connected to a slag suction pipe of the muck separation tank, a sewage treatment unit is arranged between a gas-liquid discharge pipe of the muck separation tank and the slag suction pipe, a spraying device is arranged in the muck separation tank, and the spraying device is connected with an external water system. And a pneumatic residue suction unit is connected to a gas-liquid discharge pipe of the residue soil separation tank. Compared with an existing device, the slag removal system is higher in applicability and wider in slag removal range. For muck particles with different physical property parameters, efficient cleaning of the particles with different physical property parameters can be achieved by adjusting the air flow speed in the pipeline, the operation efficiency of the system is improved, and energy consumption is reduced. Meanwhile, the system has automatic water washing and air blowing functions on the slag suction pipeline, and the blockage probability of the system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slag removal technology in tunnel construction, and in particular to a slag removal system. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels bottom cleaning is an important part of tunnel construction. Currently, tunnel bottom cleaning is mainly done manually or with mechanical assistance. However, manual cleaning is dangerous and labor-intensive; mechanical cleaning has a limited range, lacks flexibility, has complex equipment structure, and is generally costly. Furthermore, there is no space to install it on small-diameter equipment, making it less applicable.

[0003] To solve the problem of difficult slag removal at the bottom of tunnels, vacuum slag removal systems have been gradually applied in the tunnel field. For example, the patent with authorization number CN209011838U uses a vacuum pump to clean the slag in the shield area. However, the system still has the following problems: (1) It uses external compressed air as the power source for the vacuum generator, resulting in high gas consumption. Relying solely on vacuum as the power source for slag removal, the system efficiency is low. (2) This slag removal device is only suitable for discrete, small-particle-size slag. In actual operation, the slag particles are mostly irregular particles with large variations in particle size. The viscosity, particle size, shape, and other parameters of the slag also vary greatly, which can easily lead to pipeline blockage and affect the normal operation of the system. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model proposes a pneumatic slag removal system, which solves the problems of small slag particle size and easy clogging of slag removal pipelines in existing vacuum slag storage devices.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A pneumatic slag removal system includes a slag separation tank. An anti-clogging air-blowing unit is connected to the slag suction pipe of the slag separation tank. A wastewater treatment unit is installed between the gas-liquid discharge pipe of the slag separation tank and the slag suction pipe. A spray device is installed inside the slag separation tank and connected to an external water system. When the slag suction pipe becomes clogged, the anti-clogging air-blowing unit uses pneumatic force to unclog the pipe, ensuring safety and efficiency. The pneumatic slag suction unit is connected to the gas-liquid discharge pipe of the slag separation tank. This unit utilizes the carrying effect of high-speed airflow on solid particles, and by changing the air velocity within the pipe, it achieves the cleaning of slag particles of different sizes.

[0006] In a further preferred embodiment, the pneumatic slag suction unit includes a pump body. An air filter and the pump body are sequentially arranged along the gas-liquid flow direction on the gas-liquid discharge pipe of the slag separation tank. A discharge device is provided at the slag discharge port of the slag separation tank. The discharge device is used for the timely discharge of sludge from the slag separation tank, and the air filter is used to filter the medium flowing to the pump body, preventing particles from damaging system components and affecting the normal operation of the system.

[0007] Further preferably, the pump body is a water ring vacuum pump, and a first flow meter is installed between the air filter and the pump body; a bypass valve is also installed on the gas-liquid discharge pipe. The water ring vacuum pump provides the power for the slag-liquid flow, and by changing the air velocity in the pipeline, it achieves the cleaning of slag and soil of different particle sizes through the carrying effect of high-speed airflow on solid particles.

[0008] In a further preferred embodiment, the anti-clogging air-blowing unit includes an air-blowing pipeline connected to the slag suction pipe. The air-blowing pipeline is connected to an external air source, and an air-blowing control valve and a one-way valve are sequentially installed along the gas flow direction on the air-blowing pipeline. The external air source enters the slag suction pipe through the air-blowing pipeline to automatically clear blockages in the pipeline.

[0009] Further optimization involves installing a knife gate on the slag suction pipe of the slag separator; the knife gate controls the opening and closing of the suction pipe. During slag suction, the knife gate opens, allowing the slag and liquid to enter the slag separator; when the suction pipe is blocked and requires pneumatic unblocking, the knife gate closes. The knife gate enables rapid opening and closing, providing flexible control; it also boasts excellent sealing performance, effectively preventing media leakage; and it exhibits strong wear resistance, adapting to various media environments.

[0010] Further optimized, the wastewater treatment unit includes an interconnected wastewater tank and a wastewater pump. The wastewater tank is connected to the pump's outlet via a drain pipe. A three-way valve is installed on the pipeline containing the wastewater pump. The two outlets of the three-way valve are connected to a discharge pipe and a flushing hose, respectively. The flushing hose connects to the suction pipe of the slag separation tank. Both the discharge pipe and the flushing hose are equipped with check valves to prevent backflow of wastewater. A level sensor is connected to the wastewater tank. The discharge pipe is used for direct discharge of wastewater, while the flushing hose connects to the suction pipe for flushing the suction pipe.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment, the spraying device is connected to an external water system through a first pipeline, and a control valve is provided on the inlet pipe. When the pump body is a water ring vacuum pump, the inlet of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the external water system through a second pipeline so that an appropriate amount of water is contained in the pump body as the working fluid of the water ring vacuum pump.

[0012] Further optimized, the second pipeline is equipped with a water supply control valve, a pressure reducing valve, and a check valve sequentially along the medium flow direction, and a second flow meter is also installed on the second pipeline. The control system adjusts the opening of the water supply control valve by judging the actual water supply flow and the set water supply flow, thereby achieving precise control of the water supply flow to the vacuum pump and keeping the water ring vacuum pump in optimal operating condition.

[0013] Further preferably, the slag separation tank is equipped with a filter element to prevent incomplete separation of slag and air in the storage tank, which could cause small-diameter particles to enter the vacuum pump along with the air. A pressure sensor and / or pressure gauge are connected to the slag separation tank; the spraying device includes several spray heads located on the upper part of the slag separation tank to spray the filter element and prevent clogging.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This pneumatic slag removal system utilizes the carrying effect of high-speed airflow on solid particles, and achieves the cleaning of slag of different particle sizes by changing the airflow velocity in the pipeline. Pressure sensors and flow sensors installed on the system automatically monitor the system's operating status, and the device can automatically activate the cleaning function when pipeline blockage is detected. Through air blowing and flushing of the pipeline, automatic unblocking of the pipeline is achieved, thus achieving the goal of efficient anti-blockage without manual intervention.

[0015] Compared with existing devices, the slag removal system of this invention has wider applicability and can clean a wider range of slag particles. For slag particles with different physical properties, the system can adjust the airflow velocity in the pipeline to achieve efficient cleaning of particles with different physical properties, improving system operating efficiency and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the system has automatic water flushing and air blowing functions for the slag suction pipeline, reducing the probability of system blockage and improving the automation and intelligence levels of system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown in Example 1, a pneumatic slag removal system includes a slag separation tank 11. An anti-clogging air-blowing unit is connected to the slag suction pipe 16 of the slag separation tank 11. This unit introduces pressurized gas (generally air) from the outside into the slag suction pipe 16 to pneumatically clear any blockages, achieving unblocking without manual intervention and improving the system's intelligence and automation. A pneumatic slag suction unit is connected to the gas-liquid discharge pipe 27 of the slag separation tank 11. This unit utilizes the carrying effect of high-speed airflow on solid particles, changing the air velocity within the pipe and the slag separation tank to clean slag of different particle sizes. A wastewater treatment unit is located between the gas-liquid discharge pipe 27 and the slag suction pipe 16 of the slag separation tank 11. This unit is used for wastewater discharge and circulation. A spray device 12 is installed inside the slag separation tank 11 and is connected to an external water system. An external water system enters the slag separation tank 11 through a spray device 12, spraying the inside of the tank to effectively prevent internal blockage. The aforementioned pneumatic slag suction unit, anti-clogging air blowing unit, and wastewater treatment unit enable the system to automatically clean itself and prevent clogging. Furthermore, it handles larger slag particles and is more adaptable to parameters such as particle size, density, shape, and viscosity.

[0020] Specifically, the pneumatic slag suction unit includes a pump body 5, which provides the power for the slag separation tank 11 to suction slag. An air filter 22 and the pump body 5 are sequentially installed along the gas-liquid flow direction on the gas-liquid discharge pipe 27 of the slag separation tank 11. That is, an air filter 22 is also installed in the pipeline between the slag storage tank and the vacuum pump to perform secondary filtration of the air in the pipeline, reducing the amount of particles entering the vacuum pump 5 and preventing particles from damaging system components and affecting the normal operation of the system. The slag discharge port of the slag separation tank 11 is equipped with a discharge device 21. The discharge device 21 can be a star-shaped discharge device, or it can achieve the function of discharging slag through the opening and closing of a special structured one-way valve or a mechanical gate.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the pump body 5 is a water ring vacuum pump; however, this water ring vacuum pump can also be replaced by a centrifugal fan, Roots pump, or other gas-carrying devices. A first flow meter 6 is installed between the air filter 22 and the pump body 5; a bypass valve 7 is also installed on the gas-liquid discharge pipe 27. When cleaning soil particles with different physical properties, the required airflow velocity varies. To meet the requirements for efficient cleaning of soil particles with different physical properties and minimize energy consumption, a variable frequency vacuum pump is selected for the water ring vacuum pump. An air flow meter, i.e., the first flow meter, is installed on the connecting pipe between the water ring vacuum pump 5 and the soil separation tank 11. This air flow meter can monitor the airflow in the pipe in real time and provide feedback to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the speed of the vacuum pump and controls the airflow velocity in the pipe by comparing the airflow in the pipe with the set airflow.

[0022] Example 2: A pneumatic slag removal system. Based on Example 1, the anti-clogging air-blowing unit in this example includes an air-blowing pipeline 15 connected to the slag suction pipe 16. The air-blowing pipeline 15 is connected to an external air source. The external air source enters the slag suction pipe through the air-blowing pipeline to automatically clear blockages in the pipeline. An air-blowing control valve 13 and a one-way valve 1 are sequentially installed on the air-blowing pipeline 15 along the gas flow direction. A knife gate 17 is installed on the slag suction pipe 16 of the slag separation tank 11; the knife gate 17 controls the opening and closing of the slag suction pipe 16. When the slag suction pipe 16 becomes blocked, the automatic air-blowing function of the slag suction pipeline starts operating. Specifically, the knife gate 17 closes, and the bypass valve 7, control valve 8, and air-blowing control valve 13 of the slag suction pipeline open simultaneously. The air source blows high-pressure gas into the slag suction pipeline through the air-blowing pipeline 15, thereby blowing out the blocked particles from the slag suction pipe and preventing blockages in the slag suction pipeline. After the air-blowing flushing of the slag suction pipeline is completed, the knife gate 17 is opened, and the system automatically returns to the slag cleaning mode; the duration of the air-blowing flushing and the default pipeline blockage pressure can be set according to the actual site conditions.

[0023] Example 3: A pneumatic slag removal system. Based on Example 1 or 2, the wastewater treatment unit in this example includes a wastewater tank 25 and a wastewater pump 23 connected to each other. The wastewater tank 25 is connected to the drain outlet of the pump body 5 via a drain pipe 26. The wastewater pump can be replaced by an electric pump, a pneumatic pump, or a frequency converter pump. The vacuum pump 5 and the wastewater tank 25 are connected via the drain pipe 26. Wastewater discharged from the vacuum pump directly enters the wastewater tank 25 through the drain pipe 26. A liquid level sensor 24 is installed on the wastewater tank 25 to monitor the liquid level in real time. A three-way valve 20 is installed on the pipeline where the wastewater pump 23 is located. The three-way valve 20 can be a three-way ball valve. The two outlets of the three-way valve 20 are respectively connected to a sewage pipe 19 and a flushing hose 18. The flushing hose 18 is connected to the slag suction pipe 16 of the slag separation tank 11. A one-way valve 1 is installed on the sewage pipe 19 and the flushing hose 18 respectively; a liquid level sensor 24 is connected to the wastewater tank 25. The sewage flowing from the sewage pump is divided into two paths by a three-way ball valve 20: one is a sewage discharge pipe 19, and the other is a sludge suction pipe flushing hose 18 connected to the sludge suction pipe. Both the sewage discharge pipe 19 and the sludge suction pipe flushing hose 18 are equipped with one-way valves 1, the main function of which is to prevent sewage backflow in the pipeline.

[0024] The sewage pump connected to the sewage tank has two operating modes: automatic drainage and automatic flushing. It also allows for three water level settings: high, medium, and low. When the sewage tank reaches the high level, the sewage pump automatically starts, connecting the pneumatic three-way ball valve to the sewage pipe, allowing sewage to be discharged from the tank through the pipe. When the sewage tank level drops below the set medium level, the sewage pump automatically shuts off, thus achieving automatic drainage of the system.

[0025] To prevent blockage of the sludge suction pipe, the sewage pump is continuously turned on for a certain duration at regular intervals. Simultaneously, the pneumatic three-way ball valve switches from the sewage pipe to the sludge suction pipe flushing circuit, thereby achieving automatic cleaning of the sludge suction pipe, keeping the inner wall of the sludge suction pipe clean, and avoiding problems such as reduced sludge suction efficiency caused by pipe blockage and particle adhesion on the pipe wall. To meet the needs of different working conditions, the flushing interval and flushing duration of the sludge suction pipe can be set according to the actual situation. To protect the water pump and prevent cavitation, the sewage pump is not allowed to start when the water tank level is lower than the low level.

[0026] Example 4: A pneumatic slag removal system. Based on Examples 1, 2, or 3, the spray device 12 in this example is connected to an external water system via a first pipe 28. A control valve 8 is provided on the inlet pipe 28. When the pump body 5 is a water ring vacuum pump, the inlet of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the external water system via a second pipe 29, so that an appropriate amount of water is contained in the pump body as the working fluid of the water ring vacuum pump. A water supply control valve 3, a pressure reducing valve 2, and a check valve 1 are sequentially provided on the second pipe 29 along the medium flow direction. A second flow meter 4 is also provided on the second pipe 29, located between the pressure reducing valve 2 and the check valve 1. To precisely control the water supply pressure and flow rate to the vacuum pump, a pressure reducing valve, a vacuum pump water supply control valve, and a vacuum pump water supply flow meter are installed on the vacuum pump's water supply pipeline. The vacuum pump water supply flow meter, also known as the second flow meter, can feed back the flow detection signal to the control system in real time. The control system adjusts the opening of the water supply control valve by judging the actual water supply flow rate and the set water supply flow rate, thereby achieving precise control of the vacuum pump's water supply flow rate and keeping it in optimal operating condition.

[0027] In this embodiment, the slag separation tank 11 is equipped with a filter element 14, which can be a filter screen, to prevent incomplete separation of slag and air in the slag storage tank, which could cause small-diameter particles to enter the vacuum pump along with the air. A pressure sensor 9 and / or a pressure gauge 10 are connected to the slag separation tank 11; the pressure sensor 9 and / or pressure gauge 10 can monitor the pressure of the slag storage tank in real time. When the slag suction pipe becomes blocked, the amount of air entering the slag storage tank gradually decreases, and the pressure inside the tank also drops. Therefore, the pressure sensor installed on the slag storage tank can determine whether the pipe is blocked. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure is lower than the set value, it is assumed that the pipe is blocked, and the automatic air blowing function of the slag suction pipe starts operating. The spray device 12 includes several spray heads installed on the upper part of the slag separation tank 11. The spray heads are used to spray the filter screen to prevent it from becoming blocked.

[0028] The system consists of two functions: a slag removal function and an automatic cleaning function. The slag removal function operates as follows: When the system starts, the water supply control valve, water ring vacuum pump, slag storage tank inlet gate, and unloader are opened simultaneously, while the slag storage tank spray control valve 8 is closed. At this time, the vacuum pump 5 and the slag suction pipe 16 form a closed airflow channel. Under the action of the vacuum pump 5, a high-speed airflow enters the closed channel through the inlet of the slag suction pipe 17 and is discharged into the atmosphere by the vacuum pump. The slag near the suction pipe is also carried by the high-speed airflow through the suction pipe 16 into the slag separation tank 11. When the particles enter the slag separation tank 11, the cross-sectional area of ​​the tank suddenly increases, the air velocity decreases, and the particles settle to the bottom of the slag storage tank and are discharged by the unloader 21, thus achieving the cleaning and collection of slag at the bottom of the tunnel. The air inside the slag storage tank is discharged into the atmosphere through the water ring vacuum pump 5 along the pipe between the vacuum pump and the slag storage tank.

[0029] The automatic cleaning function works as follows: Pressure sensor 9 and / or pressure gauge 10 of the slag separation tank 11 can monitor the pressure inside the slag separation tank 11 in real time. When the slag suction pipeline is blocked, the amount of air entering the slag storage tank gradually decreases, and the pressure inside the tank also drops accordingly. Therefore, pressure sensor 9 and / or pressure gauge 10 can determine whether the pipeline is blocked. When pressure sensor 9 and / or pressure gauge 10 detects that the pressure is lower than the set value, it is assumed that the pipeline has started to block, and the automatic air blowing function of the slag suction pipeline starts to operate. At this time, the inlet knife gate of the slag storage tank is closed, and the bypass valve 7, the control valve 8 of the slag storage tank spray, and the air blowing control valve 13 of the slag suction pipeline are opened simultaneously. The air source blows high-pressure gas into the slag suction pipeline through the air blowing pipeline 15, thereby blowing out the particles blocking the pipeline and preventing the slag suction pipeline from becoming blocked. After the control valve 8 of the slag storage tank spray is opened, the filter screen of the slag storage tank can be sprayed and washed, improving the flow capacity of the filter screen and preventing the filter screen from becoming blocked. By opening the bypass valve 7 of the slag storage tank, the pressure inside the slag storage tank is prevented from continuously decreasing, thus avoiding potential tank deformation. After completing the air-blowing flushing of the slag suction pipeline, the knife gate 17 at the inlet of the slag storage tank is opened, and the bypass valve 7 of the slag storage tank, the control valve 8 of the slag storage tank spray, and the air-blowing control valve 13 of the slag suction pipeline are simultaneously closed, and the system automatically switches to the normal slag suction and cleaning mode. The duration of the pipeline air-blowing flushing and the default pipeline blockage pressure can be set according to the actual site conditions.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatic slag removal system, comprising a slag separation tank (11), characterized in that: An anti-clogging air blowing unit is connected to the slag suction pipe (16) of the slag separation tank (11), and a pneumatic slag suction unit is connected to the gas-liquid discharge pipe (27) of the slag separation tank (11). A sewage treatment unit is provided between the gas-liquid discharge pipe (27) and the slag suction pipe (16) of the slag separation tank (11). A spray device (12) is provided inside the slag separation tank (11), and the spray device (12) is connected to the external water system.

2. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic slag suction unit includes a pump body (5), an air filter (22) and a pump body (5) are sequentially arranged on the gas-liquid discharge pipe (27) of the slag separation tank (11) along the gas-liquid flow direction, and a discharge device (21) is provided at the slag discharge port of the slag separation tank (11).

3. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pump body (5) is a water ring vacuum pump, and a first flow meter (6) is provided between the air filter (22) and the pump body (5); a bypass valve (7) is also provided on the gas-liquid discharge pipe (27).

4. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The anti-blocking air blowing unit includes an air blowing pipeline (15) connected to the slag suction pipe (16). The air blowing pipeline (15) is connected to an external air source. An air blowing control valve (13) and a one-way valve (1) are sequentially provided on the air blowing pipeline (15) along the gas flow direction.

5. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slag separation tank (11) is equipped with a knife gate (17) on the slag suction pipe (16); the knife gate (17) controls the opening and closing of the slag suction pipe (16).

6. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The wastewater treatment unit includes a wastewater tank (25) and a wastewater pump (23) connected to each other. The wastewater tank (25) is connected to the drain outlet of the pump body (5) through a drain pipe (26). A three-way valve (20) is provided on the pipeline where the wastewater pump (23) is located. The two outlets of the three-way valve (20) are respectively connected to a sewage pipe (19) and a flushing hose (18). The flushing hose (18) is connected to the suction pipe (16) of the slag separation tank (11).

7. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 6, characterized in that: One-way valves (1) are respectively installed on the sewage pipe (19) and the flushing hose (18); a liquid level sensor (24) is connected to the sewage tank (25).

8. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that: The spray device (12) is connected to the external water system through the first pipeline (28). The inlet pipe (28) is equipped with a control valve (8). When the pump body (5) adopts a water ring vacuum pump, the inlet of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the external water system through the second pipeline (29).

9. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second pipeline (29) is provided with a water supply control valve (3), a pressure reducing valve (2) and a check valve (1) in sequence along the medium flow direction. The second pipeline (29) is also provided with a second flow meter (4).

10. The pneumatic slag removal system according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The slag separation tank (11) is equipped with a filter element (14), and a pressure sensor (9) and / or pressure gauge (10) are connected to the slag separation tank (11); the spray device (12) includes several spray heads set on the upper part of the slag separation tank (11).

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