Converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler
By designing a converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler with a spiral heat exchange coil structure, the problems of high-temperature dust-laden flue gas adhesion and heat exchange tube wear were solved, achieving efficient dust removal and heat recovery.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520443774.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing waste heat boilers lack dust removal capabilities, causing high-temperature dust-laden flue gas to easily adhere to the inner wall of the boiler, affecting heat recovery efficiency. Furthermore, the heat exchange tube walls of existing converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boilers are prone to wear.
The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler, which adopts a spiral heat exchange coil structure, is designed to consist of an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and a steam drum. The flue gas enters tangentially and forms a rotating flow. It uses centrifugal force and gravity to separate large dust particles. The spiral direction of the inner and outer cylinders is consistent with the rotation direction of the flue gas, which reduces dust wear and facilitates heat exchange.
It achieves efficient dust removal and cooling functions, reduces wear on heat exchange tube walls, improves heat recovery efficiency, and is suitable for the treatment of high-temperature, high-dust flue gas.
Smart Images
Figure CN223826805U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of dust removal and waste heat boilers, and specifically relates to a converter flue gas cyclone dust removal and waste heat boiler. Background Technology
[0002] Waste heat boilers are energy-saving devices that recover heat energy from industrial waste gas, waste liquid, or processes that were not utilized during manufacturing, converting it into steam or hot water. Their core principle involves allowing high-temperature flue gas to flow sequentially through the furnace, waste heat recovery device, and flue system, ultimately transferring the heat energy to a water medium for secondary energy utilization. They are primarily used in the steel industry for recovering waste heat from sintering and coking processes; the chemical industry for recovering waste heat from pyrolysis gas and achieving rapid cooling, reducing reliance on external energy sources; gas turbine combined cycle systems for using exhaust waste heat to drive steam turbines for power generation, improving system efficiency; and other industrial applications such as cement kilns and glass melting furnaces—high-energy-consuming sectors.
[0003] Current waste heat boilers still have some problems, such as the lack of dust removal function. For waste heat recovery from high-temperature, dusty flue gas, the large amount of dust in the flue gas easily adheres to the inner wall of the boiler, affecting the boiler's heat recovery and reducing its efficiency. Moreover, existing converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boilers use membrane water-cooled walls as the cylinder walls for cyclone dust removal. When the flue gas rotates and flows at high speed, it laterally scours the heat exchange tubes, causing a certain degree of wear on the heat exchange tube walls. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler. This waste heat boiler not only has high heat recovery efficiency, but also effectively removes dust and causes little wear on the heat exchange tube walls.
[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and a steam drum. The outer cylinder includes an upper cylindrical section and a lower conical section. The inner cylinder is located inside the cylindrical section, and a gap is left between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the cylindrical section to serve as a flue gas passage. The upper end of the outer cylinder is closed, and the lower end is open. The upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder are both open, and the upper opening passes through the top of the outer cylinder and connects to the outside. The side wall of the cylindrical section is provided with a flue gas inlet (the flue gas needs to enter along the tangential direction of the cylindrical section). The cylindrical section, the conical section, and the inner cylinder are all structures formed by spiral heat exchange coils. The inlet and outlet of the spiral heat exchange coils are respectively connected to the steam drum outside the outer cylinder.
[0007] As a specific implementation, the cylindrical tube is formed by winding a first spiral heat exchange coil, with the inlet of the first spiral heat exchange coil located at the bottom of the cylindrical tube and the outlet located at the top of the cylindrical tube.
[0008] As a specific implementation, the conical cylinder is formed by winding a second spiral heat exchange coil, with the inlet of the second spiral heat exchange coil located at the bottom of the conical cylinder and the outlet located at the top of the conical cylinder.
[0009] As a specific implementation, the inner cylinder is formed by winding a third spiral heat exchange coil, with the water inlet of the third spiral heat exchange coil located at the bottom of the inner cylinder and the water outlet located at the top of the inner cylinder.
[0010] As a specific implementation plan, a forced circulation pump is provided on the pipeline connecting the water inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil to the steam drum.
[0011] As a specific implementation, the top of the cylindrical tube is provided with a top cover, the upper end opening of the inner tube passes through the top cover and connects with the outside, and the side wall of the inner tube is sealed to or in contact with the top cover.
[0012] As a specific implementation, the flue gas inlet is formed by the spiral heat exchange coil bypassing the inlet section position when it is coiled; the flue gas inlet is externally connected to a flue gas inlet section, and the flue gas inlet section is connected to the outer cylinder along the tangential direction of the outer cylinder. This design allows the flue gas to enter along the tangential direction of the cylindrical cylinder. Due to the high speed of the flue gas entering, the inertia causes the flue gas to rotate.
[0013] As a specific implementation, the cylindrical tube is a cylindrical body, and the small opening of the conical tube faces downward; the inner tube and the outer tube are arranged on the same central axis.
[0014] As a specific implementation, the spiral direction of the spiral heat exchange coils of the cylindrical tube, conical tube, and inner tube is consistent with the rotation direction of the cyclone formed by the flue gas, which can reduce the wear of dust on the outer surface of the coil wall and facilitate the falling of large dust particles.
[0015] As a specific implementation plan, the inlet of the same set of spiral heat exchange coils can be at the top and the outlet can be at the bottom.
[0016] As a specific implementation plan, the same group of spiral heat exchange coils can be a single-head coil or a multi-head coil.
[0017] As a specific implementation plan, the fluid flowing inside the spiral heat exchange coil can be water or other fluid media.
[0018] As a specific implementation scheme, a dust collector is connected to the lower end of the conical cylinder.
[0019] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the new converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler can be used for cooling and dust removal of high temperature and high dust content flue gas, such as converter flue gas and electric furnace flue gas. The device has the functions of dust removal and cooling of high temperature and dust content flue gas, and is highly efficient and energy-saving. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical structure of the waste heat boiler of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the spiral heat exchange coil structure of the waste heat boiler of this utility model and its connection structure with the steam drum.
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of the cylindrical structure of a utility model waste heat boiler. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] Converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, a steam drum 3, a flue gas inlet 4, a forced circulation pump 5, a top cover 6, and a dust collector 7.
[0027] The outer cylinder 1 includes an upper cylindrical cylinder 101 and a lower conical cylinder 102. The upper end of the outer cylinder 1 is closed, and the lower end is open. The cylindrical cylinder 101 is preferably a cylindrical body, and the small opening of the conical cylinder 102 faces downward. The inner cylinder 2 is located inside the cylindrical cylinder 101, and a gap is left between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder 101 to serve as a flue gas passage. As a preferred embodiment, the inner cylinder 2, the cylindrical cylinder 101, and the conical cylinder 102 are arranged along the same central axis. The top of the cylindrical cylinder 101 is provided with a top cover 6, which closes the upper end. The upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder 2 are open, and the upper opening passes through the top cover 6 to connect with the outside. This upper opening is used to discharge flue gas. The side wall of the inner cylinder 2 is sealed to or in contact with the top cover 6. A dust collector 7 is connected to the lower end of the conical cylinder 102.
[0028] The cylindrical tube 101, the conical tube 102, and the inner tube 2 are all structures formed by spiral heat exchange coils. The inlet and outlet of the spiral heat exchange coils are connected to the steam drum 3 outside the outer tube 1, and a forced circulation pump 5 is installed on the pipeline connecting the inlet of the spiral heat exchange coils to the steam drum 3. As a specific scheme:
[0029] The cylindrical tube 101 is formed by winding a first spiral heat exchange coil 1011. The inlet of the first spiral heat exchange coil 1011 is located at the bottom of the cylindrical tube 101, and the outlet is located at the top of the cylindrical tube 101.
[0030] The conical cylinder 102 is formed by winding a second spiral heat exchange coil 1021. The inlet of the second spiral heat exchange coil 1021 is located at the bottom of the conical cylinder 102, and the outlet is located at the top of the conical cylinder 102.
[0031] The inner cylinder 2 is formed by winding a third spiral heat exchange coil 201. The inlet of the third spiral heat exchange coil 201 is located at the bottom of the inner cylinder 2, and the outlet is located at the top of the inner cylinder 2.
[0032] In the above design, the spiral direction of the spiral heat exchange coils of cylindrical cylinder 101, conical cylinder 102 and inner cylinder 2 is consistent with the rotation direction of the cyclone formed by the flue gas, which can reduce the wear of dust on the outer surface of the coil wall and facilitate the falling of large dust particles.
[0033] The side wall of the cylindrical tube 101 is provided with a flue gas inlet 4, which is formed by the spiral heat exchange coil bypassing the inlet section position when it is coiled. The flue gas inlet 4 is connected to the outside of the flue gas inlet section 401. The flue gas inlet section 401 is connected to the outer tube 1 along the tangential direction of the outer tube 1. This design allows the flue gas to enter along the tangential direction of the cylindrical tube. Due to the high speed of the flue gas entering, the inertia causes the flue gas to rotate.
[0034] The working process and principle of the converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler described above are as follows:
[0035] High-temperature, dust-laden flue gas enters the outer cylinder 1 at high speed through the flue gas inlet section 401. It then flows spirally downwards within the gap between the cylindrical cylinder 101 and the inner cylinder 2, until it reaches the conical cylinder 102. This spiral motion sequentially washes the inner surface of the cylindrical cylinder 101, the outer surface of the inner cylinder 2, the inner surface of the conical cylinder 102, and finally the inner surface of the inner cylinder 2. Large dust particles in the flue gas, under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, fall into the dust collector 7 connected to the bottom of the conical cylinder 102, and are discharged through the ash outlet after passing through the unloader 8. Small dust particles, along with the flue gas, flow upwards from the inside of the inner cylinder 2, spirally washing the inner surface of the inner cylinder 2, and finally flowing out from the top opening of the inner cylinder 2.
[0036] As the flue gas flows, it washes the outer surface of each section of the spiral coil. The feedwater flows through the steam drum (the feedwater is distributed to each section of the spiral coil by the forced circulation pump 5 from the downcomer). There is heat exchange between the flue gas and the feedwater. The flue gas cools down and releases heat, while the boiler feedwater absorbs heat to generate steam. The steam-water mixture flows into the steam drum through the riser. After steam-liquid separation, the saturated steam is sent out, and the saturated water continues to flow out through the downcomer to participate in the forced circulation.
[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler, characterized in that, The system includes an outer cylinder (1), an inner cylinder (2), and a steam drum (3). The outer cylinder (1) includes an upper cylindrical cylinder (101) and a lower conical cylinder (102). The inner cylinder (2) is located inside the cylindrical cylinder (101), and a gap is left between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2) and the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder (101) as a flue gas passage. The upper end of the outer cylinder (1) is closed and the lower end is open. The upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder (2) are both open, and the upper end of the inner cylinder (2) passes through the top of the outer cylinder (1) and connects to the outside. The side wall of the cylindrical cylinder (101) is provided with a flue gas inlet (4). The cylindrical cylinder (101), the conical cylinder (102), and the inner cylinder (2) are all structures formed by spiral heat exchange coils. The inlet and outlet of the spiral heat exchange coils are respectively connected to the steam drum (3) outside the outer cylinder (1).
2. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical tube (101) is formed by winding a first spiral heat exchange coil (1011). The inlet of the first spiral heat exchange coil (1011) is located at the bottom of the cylindrical tube (101), and the outlet is located at the top of the cylindrical tube (101).
3. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical cylinder (102) is formed by winding a second spiral heat exchange coil (1021). The inlet of the second spiral heat exchange coil (1021) is located at the bottom of the conical cylinder (102), and the outlet is located at the top of the conical cylinder (102).
4. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder (2) is formed by winding a third spiral heat exchange coil (201). The inlet of the third spiral heat exchange coil (201) is located at the bottom of the inner cylinder (2), and the outlet is located at the top of the inner cylinder (2).
5. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A forced circulation pump (5) is installed on the pipeline connecting the inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil to the steam drum (3).
6. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the cylindrical tube (101) is provided with a top cover (6), the upper end opening of the inner tube (2) passes through the top cover (6) and communicates with the outside, and the side wall of the inner tube (2) is sealed to or in contact with the top cover (6).
7. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas inlet (4) is formed by bypassing the inlet section when the spiral heat exchange coil is wound; the flue gas inlet (4) is externally connected to a flue gas inlet section (401), and the flue gas inlet section (401) is connected to the outer cylinder (1) along the tangential direction of the outer cylinder (1).
8. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical tube (101) is a cylindrical body, and the small opening of the conical tube (102) faces downward; the inner tube (2) is arranged with the cylindrical tube (101) and the conical tube (102) on the same central axis.
9. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the conical cylinder (102) is connected to a dust collector (7).
10. The converter flue gas cyclone dust removal waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral direction of the spiral heat exchange coils of the cylindrical tube (101), conical tube (102) and inner tube (2) is consistent with the rotation direction of the cyclone formed by the flue gas.