Static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation compatible battery PACK system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation compatible battery PACK system in the field of battery heat dissipation, a first refrigerating unit, a second refrigerating unit and a plurality of battery PACKs are integrated, box bodies, heat dissipation fins, coil pipes, battery cell modules and cooling liquid are arranged in the battery PACKs, and the components are completely immersed in the cooling liquid, so that efficient heat conduction is realized; the box body is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid return opening, the oil inlet and the oil return opening are respectively communicated with the coil pipe and the interior of the box body, and the first refrigerating unit is connected with the liquid inlet and the liquid return opening of the battery PACK through a liquid pipe main pipe and a liquid pipe branch pipe, so that static immersion liquid cooling is realized; the second refrigerating unit is connected with an oil inlet and an oil return port of the battery PACK through a cooling liquid conveying main pipe, a cooling liquid conveying branch pipe, a backflow main pipe and a backflow branch pipe, flowing circulation cooling is achieved, a flow control valve is arranged to adjust the flow of cooling liquid, the system can flexibly switch cooling modes according to the charging and discharging multiplying power of the battery cell module, the heat dissipation effect is improved, and energy consumption and efficiency are optimized. And stable operation of the system is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to battery heat dissipation technical field, concretely is a static immersion liquid cooling and flowing circulation compatible battery PACK system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technology, energy storage systems have been widely used in various fields, such as electric vehicles, smart grids, data centers, etc. The performance and efficiency of energy storage systems are directly related to the reliability and economy of their application scenarios. In the energy storage system, battery PACK is the core component of energy storage, and its thermal management is crucial to ensure battery performance, prolong service life and improve overall system efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the thermal management technology of energy storage systems mainly includes static immersion liquid cooling and oil circulating immersion liquid cooling. Static immersion liquid cooling energy storage system uses non-circulating coolant and relies on the thermal expansion and contraction of oil to form microcirculation for heat dissipation. Although this method has the advantages of low system loss and high overall efficiency, it is mainly suitable for energy storage systems with less than 1C charge-discharge rate due to its relatively low heat dissipation efficiency. At high charge-discharge rate, the heat generated by the battery increases rapidly, and the static immersion liquid cooling method is difficult to quickly remove the heat, which may cause the battery to overheat, affecting the performance and safety of the battery.

[0004] Compared with static immersion liquid cooling, oil circulating immersion liquid cooling energy storage system uses an oil pump to drive the flow of circulating coolant, which can more effectively remove the heat generated by the battery and meet the demand of high charge-discharge rate. However, the oil pump circulation consumes a large amount of electrical energy, resulting in a decrease in the overall efficiency of the energy storage system. In addition, the maintenance and failure of the oil pump may increase the operation and maintenance cost of the system. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model provides a static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation compatible battery PACK system, which can effectively solve the technical problem that the current battery heat dissipation system cannot compatibly achieve high efficiency of static immersion liquid cooling and high heat dissipation performance of flow circulation.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] A static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation compatible battery PACK system is composed of a first refrigerating unit, a second refrigerating unit and a plurality of battery PACKs. The first and second refrigerating units are connected to all battery PACKs. The battery PACK includes a box body, heat dissipation fins, a coil, a battery cell module and a coolant. The coil and battery cell module are arranged inside the box body and distributed from top to bottom. The coil is repeatedly inserted in the middle of the heat dissipation fins. The coolant is filled in the inside of the box body, and the coolant completely immerses the heat dissipation fins, coil and battery cell module.

[0008] The box body is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid return inlet, an oil inlet, and an oil return inlet on one side. The liquid inlet and the liquid return inlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the coil, and the oil inlet and the oil return inlet are both connected to the interior of the box body.

[0009] The output end of the first refrigeration unit is connected to a main liquid pipe, which is provided with several conductive liquid pipe branches. The liquid pipe branches are respectively connected to the liquid inlets on different housings. The input end of the first refrigeration unit is connected to a main gas pipe, which is provided with several conductive gas pipe branches. The gas pipe branches are respectively connected to the liquid return ports on different housings.

[0010] The output end of the second refrigeration unit is connected to a main coolant delivery pipe, which is provided with several open coolant delivery branch pipes. The coolant delivery branch pipes are respectively connected to the oil inlet on different housings. The coolant delivery branch pipes are provided with flow control valves for controlling the coolant flow rate. The output end of the second refrigeration unit is connected to a main coolant return pipe, which is provided with several open coolant return branch pipes. The coolant return branch pipes are respectively connected to the oil return port on different housings.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner wall of the housing is provided with two frames for fixing the coil. The coil is bent and extends into the interior of the frame. The oil inlet is connected to the two frames by a connecting pipe. The bottom of the frame is provided with multiple connecting first holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the housing is provided with an insulating base plate located between the battery cell module and the coil, and the insulating base plate has multiple conductive second holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery cell module is composed of multiple individual battery cells, all of which are arranged in a rectangular array, and the coil is suspended above all the individual battery cells.

[0014] Furthermore, one side of the housing is provided with a positive terminal interface and a negative terminal interface for connecting to the battery cell module.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] The system provided by this utility model can be flexibly combined with the first and second refrigeration units, and can be compatible with both static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation cooling methods. According to the different charging and discharging rates of the battery cell module, different heat dissipation modes can be selected and adjusted. This not only improves the heat dissipation effect of the battery cell module, but also optimizes the energy consumption and efficiency of the refrigeration system, ensuring stable operation of the system under different charging and discharging rates. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the coil, frame, and insulating base plate in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the coil and insulating base plate in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a connection diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the forward flow inside the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction at the top inside the battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a connection diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the forward flow inside the battery pack of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal lateral flow direction of the battery pack in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction at the top inside the battery pack of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a connection diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the forward flow inside the battery pack of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the internal lateral flow direction of the battery PACK in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction at the top inside the battery pack of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0032] Numbering on the map:

[0033] 1-First refrigeration unit, 2-Second refrigeration unit, 3-Battery PACK, 4-Liquid main pipe, 5-Gas main pipe, 6-Coolant delivery main pipe, 7-Flow control valve, 8-Coolant return main pipe;

[0034] 31-Casing, 32-Heat dissipation fins, 33-Coil, 34-Battery cell module, 35-Frame, 36-Connecting pipe, 37-Insulating base plate;

[0035] 311-Liquid inlet, 312-Liquid return outlet, 313-Oil inlet, 314-Oil return outlet, 315-Positive electrode interface, 316-Negative electrode interface;

[0036] 341 - Single cell;

[0037] 351 - First hole position;

[0038] 371 - Second hole position;

[0039] 41-Liquid pipe branch;

[0040] 51-Tracheobronchial tube;

[0041] 61-Coolant delivery branch pipe;

[0042] 81-Coolant return branch pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0044] This invention provides a battery pack system compatible with both static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation. The system mainly consists of a first refrigeration unit 1, a second refrigeration unit 2, and several battery packs 3. Both refrigeration units are connected to all battery packs 3 to provide cooling. The first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 2 are the cooling sources for the entire system, absorbing heat from the battery packs 3. When the first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 2 are connected to all battery packs 3, they are connected in parallel, allowing each battery pack 3 to dissipate heat independently. Furthermore, the system operates in three different modes depending on whether the first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 2 operate synchronously. These three modes can be selected to operate under different conditions, improving the flexibility of use.

[0045] like Figures 1-4As shown, the structure of battery PACK3 mainly includes a housing 31, heat dissipation fins 32, coils 33, cell modules 34, and coolant. The housing 31 serves as the outer shell of battery PACK3. The housing 31 is a sealed design and filled with coolant. The heat dissipation fins 32, coils 33, and cell modules 34 are located inside the housing 31. In the housing 31, the coils 33 and cell modules 34 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Simultaneously, the coils 33 are repeatedly bent and inserted into the middle of the heat dissipation fins 32. After the coolant is filled, it completely submerges the heat dissipation fins 32, coils 33, and cell modules 34. The cell module 34 consists of multiple individual cell units 341, all arranged in a rectangular array. The coils 33 are suspended above all the individual cell units 341.

[0046] The heat dissipation fins 32 are mainly used to increase the contact area between the coil and the coolant, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. The coil 33 is used to circulate the refrigerant inside the battery PACK3. To increase the contact area of ​​the coil 33, it is repeatedly bent to fill the interior of the housing 31 and fixed with the fins through expansion, ensuring that the refrigerant can fully absorb the heat generated by the cell module 34. During installation, the coil 33 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 31 by the frames 35 on both sides. The cell module 34, composed of multiple rectangular arrayed cell units 341, is the energy storage unit of the battery PACK3, and is located below the coil 33.

[0047] To facilitate the connection of battery PACK3 to the first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 2, a liquid inlet 311, a liquid return port 312, an oil inlet 313 and an oil return port 314 are provided on the outside of the housing 31. The liquid inlet 311 and the liquid return port 312 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coil 33, and the oil inlet 313 and the oil return port 314 are both connected to the inside of the housing 31.

[0048] In addition, to fix the position of the coil 33 inside the housing 1 and to disperse the flow of coolant supplied from the second refrigeration unit 2, two frames 35 for fixing the coil 33 are provided on the inner wall of the housing 31. The coil 33 is bent and extends into the interior of the frames 35. A connecting pipe 36 is connected between the oil inlet 313 and the two frames 35. Multiple first holes 351 are opened at the bottom of the frames 35. At this time, the coolant entering from the oil inlet 313 is dispersed by the connecting pipe 36 into the hollow frames 35 on both sides of the housing 31, and then dispersed into the housing 31 from the first holes 351 at the bottom of the frames 35 to replace the original coolant in the housing 31.

[0049] An insulating base plate 37 is disposed inside the housing 31 between the cell module 34 and the coil 33. The insulating base plate 37 has multiple through-holes 371. By providing multiple through-holes 371, the insulating base plate 37 allows the coolant to disperse and flow towards one end of the cell module 34, further improving heat dissipation efficiency. At this time, the coolant in the housing 21 can transfer the heat generated by the cell module 34 to the refrigerant from the first refrigeration unit 1 and the coolant from the second refrigeration unit 2 through heat conduction and convection.

[0050] Since the first refrigeration unit 1 uses static immersion liquid cooling to dissipate heat from the battery cell module 34, when the first refrigeration unit 1 is connected, a main liquid pipe 4 is connected to the output end of the first refrigeration unit 1. The main liquid pipe 4 is equipped with several conductive liquid pipe branches 41, which are respectively connected to the liquid inlets 311 on different housings 31. The input end of the first refrigeration unit 1 is connected to a main air pipe 5, which is equipped with several conductive air pipe branches 51, which are respectively connected to the liquid return ports 312 on different housings 31. At this time, all battery PACK3 are connected in parallel with the first refrigeration unit 1, and all battery PACK3 can independently complete their own heat dissipation through the first refrigeration unit 1.

[0051] The second refrigeration unit 2 uses a dynamic flow circulation method to dissipate heat from the battery cell modules 34. Therefore, when the second refrigeration unit 2 is connected, a coolant delivery main pipe 6 is connected to the output end of the second refrigeration unit 2. The coolant delivery main pipe 6 is equipped with several conductive coolant delivery branch pipes 61, which are respectively connected to the oil inlets 313 on different housings 31. The output end of the second refrigeration unit 2 is connected to a coolant return main pipe 8, which is equipped with several conductive coolant return branch pipes 81, which are respectively connected to the oil return ports 314 on different housings 31. At this time, all battery PACK3 are also connected in parallel with the second refrigeration unit 2, and each battery PACK3 can independently complete its own heat dissipation operation through the second refrigeration unit 2. In order to further control the coolant delivered by the second refrigeration unit to each battery PACK3, a flow control valve 7 is installed on the coolant delivery branch pipes 61 connected to each battery PACK3 to control the coolant flow rate.

[0052] One side of the housing 31 is provided with a positive terminal interface 315 and a negative terminal interface 316 that are connected to the battery cell module 34, which are mainly used for charging and discharging the battery pack.

[0053] It should be added that, in order to make the system operate better, a controller that is simultaneously connected to the first refrigeration unit 1, the second refrigeration unit 2, all battery PACKs 3 and all flow control valves 7 can be used to control the corresponding operations, so that the entire system operates more smoothly.

[0054] During operation, the system forms three different working modes depending on whether the first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 2 operate synchronously. This, combined with the charging and discharging state of the battery cell module 34, determines the operating mode of the cooling system, which can be specifically divided into the following three cases:

[0055] Example 1:

[0056] like Figures 5-7 As shown, when the battery module 34 is charged and discharged at a low rate below 1C, the heat generation is relatively small, and static immersion liquid cooling technology is adopted. The heat generated by the charging and discharging of the battery module 34 is mainly absorbed by the coolant (such as hydrocarbon synthetic oil, silicone oil, or fluorinated liquid) in the housing 31. At this time, the first refrigeration unit 1 operates, introducing refrigerant into the coil 33 with heat dissipation fins 32. This refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the housing 31 through the heat dissipation fins 32 and the coil 33. After absorbing heat, the refrigerant returns to the first refrigeration unit 1, which releases the heat into the ambient space. In this scenario, the coolant in the housing 31 does not need to be driven to circulate; the heat can be carried away simply by the refrigerant provided by the first refrigeration unit 1 flowing in the coil 33, which significantly reduces the energy consumption of the direct cooling system and improves the overall efficiency of the energy storage system. Meanwhile, coolant has the property of thermal expansion and contraction. After absorbing heat, its temperature decreases and its density increases, causing it to sink. Meanwhile, the coolant at the bottom increases in temperature and decreases in density, causing it to rise, thus forming a natural micro-circulation, which effectively solves the problem of temperature difference between the top and bottom of the battery cell.

[0057] Example 2:

[0058] like Figures 8-11 As shown, when the battery module 34 is charged and discharged at a high rate of 1C or higher, the heat generated increases significantly. The coolant quickly removes the heat generated by the battery module 34 through a flow circulation. At this time, the second refrigeration unit 2 operates, drawing away the higher-temperature coolant from the housing 31 and sending it to the outside for cooling. Then, a lower-temperature coolant is introduced into the housing 31. The lower-temperature coolant is dispersed through the frame 35 and comes into contact with different battery cells 341, fully absorbing the heat released by the battery module 34, before returning to the second refrigeration unit 2. The coolant in the housing 31 forms a flow circulation after being supplied by the second refrigeration unit 2, effectively accelerating the cooling effect inside the housing 31. In this scenario, the second refrigeration unit 2 alone is sufficient to complete the process.

[0059] Example 3:

[0060] like Figures 12-15 As shown, when the battery module 34 operates in an intermittent mixed mode of below 1C and above 1C, both the first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 2 need to be connected simultaneously to complete the process. When the battery module 34 is charged and discharged at a high rate above 1C, the second refrigeration unit 2 operates, drawing away the coolant with higher temperature from the housing 31 and sending it to the outside for cooling. Then, coolant with lower temperature is introduced into the housing 31. At this time, although the first refrigeration unit 1 is connected, it is not working. When the battery module 34 is charged and discharged at a low rate below 1C, the heat generation decreases, and the system automatically switches to a static immersion liquid cooling mode. The first refrigeration unit 1 operates, introducing refrigerant into the coil 33 with heat dissipation fins 32. This refrigerant exchanges heat with the coolant in the housing 31 through the heat dissipation fins 32 and the coil 33 to cool it down. At this time, although the second refrigeration unit 2 is connected, it is not working. This hybrid operating mode optimizes the energy consumption and efficiency of the cooling system, ensuring stable operation of the system at different charge and discharge rates.

[0061] Compared with traditional technologies, the system provided by this technical solution can be flexibly combined with the first refrigeration unit 1 and the second refrigeration unit 2, and can be compatible with both static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation cooling methods. According to the different charging and discharging rates of the battery cell module 34, different heat dissipation modes can be selected and adjusted, which not only improves the heat dissipation effect of the battery cell module 34, but also optimizes the energy consumption and efficiency of the refrigeration system, ensuring stable operation of the system under different charging and discharging rates.

[0062] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack system compatible with static immersion liquid cooling and flow circulation, comprising a first refrigeration unit, a second refrigeration unit, and a plurality of battery packs, wherein the first and second refrigeration units are connected to all the battery packs, characterized in that: The battery pack includes a housing, heat dissipation fins, coils, cell modules, and coolant. The coils and cell modules are located inside the housing and distributed from top to bottom. The coils are repeatedly inserted into the middle of the heat dissipation fins. The coolant fills the inside of the housing and completely submerges the heat dissipation fins, coils, and cell modules. The box body is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid return inlet, an oil inlet, and an oil return inlet on one side. The liquid inlet and the liquid return inlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the coil, and the oil inlet and the oil return inlet are both connected to the interior of the box body. The output end of the first refrigeration unit is connected to a main liquid pipe, which is provided with several conductive liquid pipe branches. The liquid pipe branches are respectively connected to the liquid inlet on different housings. The input end of the first refrigeration unit is connected to a main gas pipe, which is provided with several conductive gas pipe branches. The gas pipe branches are respectively connected to the liquid return port on different housings. The output end of the second refrigeration unit is connected to a main coolant delivery pipe, which is provided with several open coolant delivery branch pipes. The coolant delivery branch pipes are respectively connected to the oil inlet on different housings. The coolant delivery branch pipes are provided with flow control valves for controlling the coolant flow rate. The output end of the second refrigeration unit is connected to a main coolant return pipe, which is provided with several open coolant return branch pipes. The coolant return branch pipes are respectively connected to the oil return port on different housings.

2. The battery pack system compatible with static immersion liquid cooling and flow cycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the housing is provided with two frames for fixing the coil. The coil is bent and extends into the interior of the frame. The oil inlet is connected to the two frames by a connecting pipe. The bottom of the frame is provided with multiple connecting first holes.

3. A battery pack system compatible with static immersion liquid cooling and flow cycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing contains an insulating base plate located between the battery cell module and the coil, and the insulating base plate has multiple conductive second holes.

4. A battery pack system compatible with static immersion liquid cooling and flow cycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell module is composed of multiple individual battery cells, all of which are arranged in a rectangular array, and the coil is suspended above all the individual battery cells.

5. A battery pack system compatible with static immersion liquid cooling and flow cycling according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: One side of the enclosure is provided with a positive terminal interface and a negative terminal interface for connecting to the battery cell module.

Images