Antenna structure and electronic equipment
By introducing high-frequency and low-frequency feed sections into the PIFA antenna and using switching devices to control the feed point, the problem of uncontrollable PIFA antenna pattern was solved, achieving effective operation and good communication performance over a wider frequency range.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423322610.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
The uncontrollable radiation pattern of PIFA antennas leads to poor communication performance, especially in situations where radiation pattern requirements are high or sensitive.
In the PIFA antenna structure, high-frequency and low-frequency feed sections are introduced. The on and off of each section are controlled by first and second switching devices to form two independent feed points, which optimize the high and low frequencies respectively, expand the operating bandwidth, and adjust the radiation mode by selecting different feed positions to achieve controllability of the radiation pattern.
This enables the antenna to operate effectively over a wider frequency range, improving communication stability and anti-interference capabilities, and ensuring good radiation performance and controllable radiation pattern within a specific frequency band.
Smart Images
Figure CN223828714U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic technology, specifically to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] The biggest advantage of the PIFA (Planar Inverted F-shaped Antenna) is that the feed position can be changed to adjust the input impedance to 50 ohms. When designing an inverted F antenna, three main structural parameters determine its performance, including input impedance, resonant frequency, and impedance bandwidth. These three parameters are the antenna's resonant length L, the antenna height H, and the distance S between the two vertical arms.
[0003] This type of antenna can be used as a single-frequency, dual-frequency, or multi-frequency antenna, offering advantages such as low profile, large bandwidth, and small size. However, its drawback is that the radiation pattern is uncontrollable. It only achieves good transmission and reception performance when the radiation pattern requirements are not high or the antenna is not sensitive to these factors, resulting in poor communication performance for this antenna structure. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device that can alleviate the problem of poor communication performance in current antenna structures.
[0005] This application provides an antenna structure, including:
[0006] A substrate in which a radio frequency module is disposed;
[0007] The first switching device and the second switching device are disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the radio frequency module.
[0008] The radiator includes a radiating section, a low-frequency feed section, and a high-frequency feed section; the radiating section is connected to the low-frequency feed section and the high-frequency feed section, and is spaced apart from the substrate; the low-frequency feed section is electrically connected to a second switching device, and the high-frequency feed section is electrically connected to the second switching device; the first switching device is used to control the on / off state between the low-frequency feed section and the radio frequency module, and the second switching device is used to control the on / off state between the high-frequency feed section and the radio frequency module.
[0009] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes the antenna structure described above.
[0010] The antenna structure and electronic equipment provided in this application include a high-frequency feed section and a low-frequency feed section in the antenna structure, forming two different feed points. These can be optimized for high and low frequencies respectively, thereby expanding the antenna's operating bandwidth. At the same time, different feed positions can be selected through a first switching device and a second switching device, thereby changing the radiation mode of the antenna structure and adjusting the antenna structure's radiation pattern. This achieves controllability of the antenna structure's radiation pattern and ensures that the antenna structure achieves good radiation performance in a specific frequency band. Attached Figure Description
[0011] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0012] Figure 1 This is an equivalent schematic diagram of the current inverted-F antenna.
[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0014] Figure 3 The embodiments provided in this application Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of point A in the middle.
[0015] Figure 4 The embodiments provided in this application Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram at point B in the middle.
[0016] Figure 5 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 2 Equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna structure.
[0017] Figure 6 An exploded view of the antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0018] Figure label:
[0019] 11. Substrate; 12. First switching device; 13. Second switching device; 14. Radiator; 15. Connector; 16. Limiting notch; 17. First microstrip feed line; 18. Second microstrip feed line; 21. First fixing member; 22. Second fixing member;
[0020] 111. Mounting slot; 141. Radiation section; 142. Low-frequency feed section; 143. High-frequency feed section; 144. Grounding section; 145. Bending section; 211. First fixing hole; 221. Second fixing hole. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Features thus defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is an equivalent schematic diagram of a current inverted-F antenna. The biggest advantage of a planar inverted-F antenna is that the feed position can be changed, adjusting the input impedance to 50 ohms. When designing an inverted-F antenna, three main structural parameters determine its input impedance, resonant frequency, and impedance bandwidth. These three parameters are the antenna's resonant length L, the antenna height H, and the distance S between the two vertical arms. This type of antenna can be used as a single-frequency, dual-frequency, or multi-frequency antenna, offering advantages such as low profile, large bandwidth, and small size. Its disadvantage is that the radiation pattern is uncontrollable; good transmission and reception performance can only be achieved when the radiation pattern requirements are not high or the antenna is not sensitive.
[0024] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 The embodiments provided in this application Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of point A in the middle. Figure 3 The embodiments provided in this application Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram at point B in the middle.
[0025] The antenna structure provided in this embodiment includes a substrate 11, a first switching device 12, a second switching device 13, and a radiator 14; the first switching device 12 and the second switching device 13 are disposed on the substrate 11, and a radio frequency module is disposed in the substrate 11; the first switching device 12 and the second switching device 13 are both electrically connected to the radio frequency module.
[0026] The radiator 14 includes a radiating section 141, a low-frequency feed section 142, and a high-frequency feed section 143. The radiating section 141 is connected to the low-frequency feed section 142 and the high-frequency feed section 143, and is spaced apart from the substrate 11. The low-frequency feed section 142 is electrically connected to a first switching device 12 to form a feed point. The high-frequency feed section 143 is electrically connected to a second switching device 13 to form another feed point. In this embodiment, by setting two different feed points, the radiator 14 can be optimized for high and low frequencies respectively, thereby expanding the antenna's operating bandwidth and enabling the antenna structure to operate effectively over a wider frequency range, meeting multi-band requirements. Simultaneously, by setting two different feed points, better impedance matching can be achieved for different frequencies, thereby reducing signal reflection and improving communication stability and anti-interference capabilities.
[0027] The first switching device 12 controls the connection between the low-frequency feed section 142 and the RF module, and the second switching device 13 controls the connection between the high-frequency feed section 143 and the RF module. The first switching device 12 and the second switching device 13 are RF switches used to control the opening and closing of the communication channels between the high-frequency feed section 143 and the low-frequency feed section 142 and the RF module. The two feed sections are spaced apart at the position of the radiating section 141. Different feed positions can be selected using the first switching device 12 and the second switching device 13, thereby changing the radiation mode of the antenna structure and adjusting the antenna pattern. This achieves controllability of the antenna pattern and ensures good radiation performance of the antenna structure within a specific frequency band.
[0028] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the equivalent structure of the antenna. In some embodiments, a metal ground layer is laid in the substrate 11, and the radiator 14 further includes a ground portion 144, one end of which is connected to the radiator 141, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the metal ground layer; the ground portion 144 is located near one end of the radiator 141, and a low-frequency feed portion 142 is located between the ground portion 144 and the high-frequency feed portion 143; as shown Figure 5 As shown, the interval between the high-frequency feed section 143 and the low-frequency feed section 142 is L2. The radiator 14 can be made of metal, such as stainless steel or copper, which are low-loss, high-conductivity materials.
[0029] In this embodiment, a feed section is added to the ordinary inverted-F antenna, so that the antenna structure forms two different feed points, which can be optimized for high frequency and low frequency respectively, thereby expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna and enabling the antenna structure to work effectively in a wider frequency range to meet the requirements of multi-band.
[0030] Please continue reading. Figure 2In some embodiments, a metal ground layer is provided on a portion of the surface of the substrate 11, and a bent portion 145 is formed at the other end of the grounding portion 144. The bent portion 145 is attached to the substrate 11 and connected to the metal ground layer. In this embodiment, the substrate 11 forms the ground of the antenna structure. For example, a copper metal is laid to form a ground layer, and grounding is achieved by providing a grounding portion 144 in the radiating portion 141 and connecting it to the copper metal in the substrate 11. The grounding portion 144 is attached to the substrate 11 by providing the bent portion 145, and grounding is achieved by using a planar patch method, which increases the contact area with the substrate 11 and ensures the balanced placement of the radiator 14.
[0031] In this embodiment, the radiating part 141 has a plate-like structure. The high-frequency feeding part 143, the low-frequency feeding part 142 and the grounding part 144 are disposed on the same side of the plate-like structure and are bent together with the radiating part 141. The radiating part 141 is parallel to the substrate 11, which facilitates the installation during the patching process.
[0032] Please refer to the following: Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments, two mounting slots 111 are formed in the substrate 11. A first fixing member 21 is embedded in one mounting slot 111, and a second fixing member 22 is embedded in the other mounting slot 111. The first fixing member 21 is used to fix the low-frequency feed section 142; the second fixing member 22 is used to fix the high-frequency feed section 143. In this embodiment, by opening holes in the substrate 11 to provide the first fixing member 21 and the second fixing member 22, the entire radiator can be fixed by fixing the low-frequency feed section 142 and the high-frequency feed section 143, thereby improving the reliability of the antenna structure assembly.
[0033] In one embodiment, the mounting groove 111 forms a notch at the edge of the substrate 11, and the corresponding first fixing member 21 and second fixing member 22 are both located at the edge of the substrate 11.
[0034] In some embodiments, the first fixing member 21 has a first fixing hole 211, and the second fixing member 22 has a second fixing hole 221. One end of the low-frequency feed section 142 is connected to the radiating section 141, and the other end of the low-frequency feed section 142 is inserted into the first fixing hole 211. One end of the high-frequency feed section 143 is connected to the radiating section 141, and the other end of the high-frequency feed section 143 is inserted into the second fixing hole 221. In this embodiment, the feed section is installed and connected by insertion, which can reduce the structural layout and reduce the coupling effect with ground.
[0035] The first fixing member 21 and the second fixing member 22 are base materials, so as to isolate the low-frequency feed section 142 and the high-frequency feed section 143 from the substrate 11, which is equivalent to the low-frequency feed section 142 and the high-frequency feed section 143 being hollowed out.
[0036] In some embodiments, a connector 15 is provided inside both the first fixing hole 211 and the second fixing hole 221. The other end of the low-frequency feed section 142 and the other end of the high-frequency feed section 143 abut against the corresponding connector 15. The low-frequency feed section 142 is electrically connected to the first switching device 12 via the corresponding connector 15, and the high-frequency feed section 143 is electrically connected to the second switching device 13 via the corresponding connector 15. The connector 15 is made of metal, and the low-frequency feed section 142 and the high-frequency feed section 143 establish an electrical connection with the corresponding first switching device 12 and second switching device 13 through this connector 15.
[0037] In some embodiments, a limiting notch 16 is provided at the other end of the low-frequency feed section 142 and the other end of the high-frequency feed section 143 to limit the insertion depth of the low-frequency feed section 142 and the high-frequency feed section 143, thereby limiting the distance between the radiating section 141 and the circuit board. In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes a first microstrip feed line 17 and a second microstrip feed line 18, which are disposed on the substrate 11; a first switching device 12 is electrically connected to the RF module through the first microstrip feed line 17, and a second switching device 13 is electrically connected to the RF module through the second microstrip feed line 18. Thus, the low-frequency feed section 142 is electrically connected to the RF module through the first switching device 12 and the first microstrip feed line 17, and the high-frequency feed section 143 is electrically connected to the RF module through the second switching device 13 and the second microstrip feed line 18.
[0038] For different frequencies, the RF module is equipped with two channels: a high-frequency transmission channel and a low-frequency transmission channel. Correspondingly, two microstrip transmission lines are provided to connect the two different feed sections to the corresponding transmission channels in the RF module, so that the antenna structure can maintain effective operation in a wider frequency range and meet the requirements of multi-band.
[0039] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes a processing chip and the aforementioned antenna structure. The processing chip is electrically connected to a first switching device and a second switching device in the antenna structure. The processing chip controls the first switching device to be on and the second switching device to be off, or the first switching device to be off and the second switching device to be on. In this embodiment, the first and second switching devices operate selectively. The processing chip selects to control the first or second switching device to be on according to the actual frequency band requirements, thereby selecting different feed positions, thus changing the radiation mode of the antenna structure, adjusting the antenna pattern, ensuring that the antenna structure achieves good radiation performance in a specific frequency band, thereby realizing the controllability of the antenna pattern and improving the communication performance of the electronic device.
[0040] In one embodiment, the display device is a television set, and the processing chip can be a System-on-Chip (SoC) within the television set. The SoC selects and controls the operation of the first or second switching device according to different frequency bands, thereby selecting different power supply positions.
[0041] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0042] The antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: A substrate, wherein a radio frequency module is disposed in the substrate; A first switching device and a second switching device are disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the radio frequency module. A radiator includes a radiating section, a low-frequency feed section, and a high-frequency feed section; the radiating section is connected to the low-frequency feed section and the high-frequency feed section, and is spaced apart from the substrate; the low-frequency feed section is electrically connected to a first switching device, and the high-frequency feed section is electrically connected to a second switching device; the first switching device is used to control the on / off connection between the low-frequency feed section and the radio frequency module, and the second switching device is used to control the on / off connection between the high-frequency feed section and the radio frequency module.
2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A metal ground layer is laid in the substrate, and the radiator further includes a ground part, one end of which is connected to the radiator and the other end of which is connected to the metal ground layer. The grounding part is located near one end of the radiating part, and the low-frequency feed part is located between the grounding part and the high-frequency feed part.
3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other end of the grounding portion has a bent portion, which is attached to the substrate and connected to the metal ground layer.
4. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The substrate has two mounting slots, one of which is in which a first fixing member is embedded and the other is in which a second fixing member is embedded. The first fixing member is used to fix the low-frequency power supply unit, and the second fixing member is used to fix the high-frequency power supply unit.
5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting groove is located at the edge of the substrate, forming a notch.
6. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first fixing member has a first fixing hole, and the second fixing member has a second fixing hole; One end of the low-frequency feed section is connected to the radiating section, and the other end of the low-frequency feed section is inserted into the first fixing hole; one end of the high-frequency feed section is connected to the radiating section, and the other end of the high-frequency feed section is inserted into the second fixing hole.
7. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are provided with connectors, and the other end of the low-frequency feed section and the other end of the high-frequency feed section abut against the corresponding connectors. The low-frequency power supply unit is electrically connected to the first switching device through a corresponding connector, and the high-frequency power supply unit is electrically connected to the second switching device through a corresponding connector.
8. The antenna structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Limiting notches are provided at the other end of the low-frequency feed section and the other end of the high-frequency feed section to limit the insertion depth of the low-frequency feed section and the high-frequency feed section.
9. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The antenna structure further includes a first microstrip feed line and a second microstrip feed line, which are disposed on the substrate. The first switching device is electrically connected to the RF module through the first microstrip feed line, and the second switching device is electrically connected to the RF module through the second microstrip feed line.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.