Military vehicle and civil vehicle dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor
By designing the main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board, and combining filter components such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, the problem that existing wiper motors cannot simultaneously meet the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of military and civilian vehicles has been solved, thus achieving optimization of motor stability and cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423299580.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing wiper motors cannot simultaneously meet the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of both military and civilian vehicles, requiring the addition of inductors and capacitors to meet separate electromagnetic compatibility standards.
The main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board were designed. Combined with filtering electrical components such as inductors, capacitors, and resistors, electromagnetic interference is filtered through common-mode and differential-mode inductors, and a metal shield is used to prevent external interference, so as to achieve electromagnetic compatibility of the motor for both military and civilian vehicles.
It improves the working stability and efficiency of the motor, reduces production costs, meets the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of different usage environments, and is suitable for a variety of automotive motors.
Smart Images
Figure CN223829174U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an electric motor, and more specifically to an electric motor used in automobiles. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of various automotive functions, the number of automotive electronic components has increased significantly. A high-end passenger car or commercial vehicle can now have over 1000 electronic components. Consequently, automobiles are increasingly susceptible to electromagnetic interference, and the electromagnetic interference generated is becoming stronger. Therefore, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in automobiles has become a crucial evaluation standard and a mandatory national testing standard. Furthermore, with the increasing demands for automotive electrification and intelligence, EMC has become one of the unavoidable key issues in automotive design and production.
[0003] Currently, windshield wipers are an indispensable component of automobiles, used to remove dust, leaves, and deposits from the windshield. A typical windshield wiper consists of several sub-components, including the wiper motor, linkage mechanism, and wiper arm. Existing wiper motor electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards only meet either civilian or military vehicle standards, and cannot simultaneously meet the EMC requirements of both civilian and military vehicles. To meet EMC requirements, inductors and capacitors are added to the main control circuit board of the wiper motor. However, this only satisfies the EMC requirements of either civilian or military vehicles, not both simultaneously. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor for both military and civilian vehicles that can filter electromagnetic interference from military and civilian vehicles and operate stably.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor for military and civilian vehicles, comprising a housing component, a rotor component, a gearbox component, a gear component, and a cover plate component. A main control circuit board is installed inside the housing component and at the commutator position of the rotor component. A shielding cover is installed on the cover plate component. A secondary filter control circuit board is installed on the cover plate component and inside the shielding cover. The main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board are electrically connected. The main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board include a high-speed motor operating circuit and a low-speed motor operating circuit. The high-speed motor operating circuit includes a ninth inductor connected to the positive terminal of the high-speed power supply. This ninth inductor is sequentially connected to... The eighth inductor, the seventh inductor, the second inductor, the second brush, the rotor armature, the third brush, the third inductor, and the thermal protector are connected in series. The thermal protector is then connected in series with the fourth inductor, the fifth inductor, and the sixth inductor in sequence. The sixth inductor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. Between the second inductor and the seventh inductor, and between the thermal protector and the fourth inductor, two paths are formed, each connected in parallel with the second resistor and the second capacitor, respectively. Between the fourth inductor and the fifth inductor, and between the seventh inductor and the eighth inductor, the fourth capacitor is connected in parallel. Between the fifth inductor and the sixth inductor, and between the eighth inductor and the ninth inductor, two paths are formed, each connected in parallel with the sixth capacitor and the third resistor, respectively. Both the second resistor and the third resistor are varistors.
[0006] The low-speed operating circuit of the motor includes a twelfth inductor connected to the positive terminal of the low-speed power supply. This twelfth inductor is connected in series with the eleventh inductor, the tenth inductor, the first inductor, the first brush, the rotor armature, the third brush, the third inductor, and the thermal protector. The thermal protector is then connected in series with the fourth inductor, the fifth inductor, and the sixth inductor. The sixth inductor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. Between the first inductor and the tenth inductor, and between the thermal protector and the fourth inductor, two circuits are connected in parallel with the first resistor and the first capacitor, respectively. Between the fourth inductor and the fifth inductor, and between the tenth inductor and the eleventh inductor, a third capacitor is connected in parallel. Between the fifth inductor and the sixth inductor, and between the eleventh inductor and the twelfth inductor, two circuits are connected in parallel with the fifth capacitor and the fourth resistor, respectively. The fourth resistor is a varistor.
[0007] The main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board also include a motor reset circuit. This motor reset circuit utilizes a connection to an automotive relay, a second switch connected to the positive terminal of the reset power supply, and the motor low-speed operating circuit to achieve motor reset. The fourth and fifth inductors, the seventh and eighth inductors, and the tenth and eleventh inductors are all common-mode inductors, while the first, second, third, sixth, ninth, and twelfth inductors are all differential-mode inductors.
[0008] By adopting the structure of this invention, a main control circuit board (main board) is installed inside the motor, and a secondary filter control circuit board (secondary board) is installed outside the gearbox body and inside the cover plate. A metal shielding cover is added to the secondary filter control circuit board. Inductors, resistors, capacitors, and other filtering electrical components are added to the main board to filter out conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference in the civilian frequency band generated by the motor during operation, as well as some electromagnetic interference in the military frequency band. Differential-mode and common-mode inductors, varistors, and capacitors on the secondary filter control circuit board filter out the remaining electromagnetic interference generated by the military frequency band, and the metal shielding cover prevents the motor from generating additional electromagnetic waves that could radiate externally. This improves working efficiency and ensures operational stability. The separate design of the main board and secondary board meets the requirements of different usage environments. The modular circuit design allows for combination according to different usage environments. If the product is only used in civilian vehicles, the secondary filter control circuit board and shielding cover do not need to be assembled, minimizing production costs. Furthermore, since military vehicles use existing mass-produced civilian vehicle components, the production and cost of military products are greatly optimized. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-use electromagnetic compatibility motor for military and civilian vehicles of the present invention.
[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current operating principle of the high-speed motor operating circuit of the present invention.
[0011] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current operating principle of the low-speed motor operating circuit of the present invention.
[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current-driven operation of the motor reset circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0014] Reference Figure 1As can be seen, the dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor for military and civilian vehicles of the present invention includes a housing component 1, a rotor component 2 (including a rotor armature M, a worm gear 27, a commutator 29, and several brushes), a reduction gearbox component 4, a gear component 5 (including a gear shaft 28), and a cover plate component 6. A main control circuit board 3 is installed inside the housing component 1 and at the location of the commutator 29 in the rotor component 2. A shielding cover 8 is installed on the cover plate component 6 (via locking screws 26), and a secondary filter control circuit board 7 is installed on the cover plate component 6 and inside the shielding cover 8. The main control circuit board 3 and the secondary filter control circuit board 7 are electrically connected. The main control circuit board 3 and the secondary filter control circuit board 7 include a high-speed motor operating circuit and a low-speed motor operating circuit. The several brushes consist of a first brush D1, a second brush D2, a third brush D3, etc.
[0015] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-speed operating circuit of the motor includes a ninth inductor L9 connected to the positive terminal of the high-speed power supply. The ninth inductor L9 is connected in series with the eighth inductor L8, the seventh inductor L7, the second inductor L2, the second brush D2, the rotor armature M, the third brush D3, the third inductor L3, and the thermal protector FR. The thermal protector FR is then connected in series with the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, and the sixth inductor L6. The sixth inductor L6 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. Between the second inductor L2 and the seventh inductor L7, and between the thermal protector FR and the fourth inductor L4, two circuits are formed, each connected in parallel with the second resistor R2 and the second capacitor C2. Between the fourth inductor L4 and the fifth inductor L5, and between the seventh inductor L7 and the eighth inductor L8, the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel. Between the fifth inductor L5 and the sixth inductor L6, and between the eighth inductor L8 and the ninth inductor L9, two circuits are formed, each connected in parallel with the sixth capacitor C6 and the third resistor R3. The first switch K1, connected between the thermal protector FR and the fourth inductor L4 and to the rotor armature M, is in the ON state (the second switch K2 is OFF). The current in the high-speed operating circuit of this motor flows sequentially from the positive terminal of the high-speed power supply, through the ninth inductor L9, the eighth inductor L8, the seventh inductor L7, the second inductor L2, the second brush, the rotor armature M, the third brush D3, the third inductor L3, the thermal protector FR, the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, and the sixth inductor L6 to the negative terminal of the power supply.
[0016] like Figure 3As shown, the low-speed operating circuit of the motor includes a twelfth inductor L12 connected to the positive terminal of the low-speed power supply. This twelfth inductor L12 is connected in series with the eleventh inductor L11, the tenth inductor L10, the first inductor L1, the first brush D1, the rotor armature M, the third brush D3, the third inductor L3, and the thermal protector FR. The thermal protector FR is then connected in series with the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, and the sixth inductor L6. The sixth inductor L6 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The circuit between inductor L1 and the tenth inductor L10, and between the thermal protector FR and the fourth inductor L4, is split into two parallel connections with the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1, respectively. The circuit between the fourth inductor L4 and the fifth inductor L5, and between the tenth inductor L10 and the eleventh inductor L11, is also connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3. The circuit between the fifth inductor L5 and the sixth inductor L6, and between the eleventh inductor L11 and the twelfth inductor L12, is split into two parallel connections with the fifth capacitor C5 and the fourth resistor R4, respectively. The first switch K1, connected between the thermal protector FR and the fourth inductor L4 and to the rotor armature M, is in the ON state (the second switch K2 is OFF). The current in the low-speed operating circuit of the motor flows sequentially from the positive terminal of the low-speed power supply, through the twelfth inductor L12, the eleventh inductor L11, the tenth inductor L10, the first inductor L1, the first brush D1, the rotor armature M, the third brush D3, the third inductor L3, the thermal protector FR, the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, and the sixth inductor L6, to the negative terminal of the power supply.
[0017] like Figure 4 As shown, the main control circuit board 3 and the auxiliary filter control circuit board 7 also include a motor reset circuit. This motor reset circuit utilizes a connection to an automotive relay, connects to a second switch K2 (with the first switch K1 open) that is connected to the positive terminal of the reset power supply, and leverages the low-speed motor operating circuit to achieve motor reset. The current in this motor reset circuit flows sequentially from the positive terminal of the reset power supply, through the second switch K2, the automotive relay, the twelfth inductor L12, the eleventh inductor L11, the tenth inductor L10, the first inductor L1, the first brush D1, the rotor armature M, the third brush D3, the third inductor L3, the thermal protector FR, the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, and the sixth inductor L6, to the negative terminal of the power supply. The rotor armature M, the third brush D3, the third inductor L3, the thermal protector FR, the fourth inductor L4, the fifth inductor L5, the sixth inductor L6, and the negative power supply are interchangeable between the high-speed motor operating circuit, the low-speed motor operating circuit, and the motor reset circuit.
[0018] The fourth inductor L4 and the fifth inductor L5, the seventh inductor L7 and the eighth inductor L8, and the tenth inductor L10 and the eleventh inductor L11 are all common-mode inductors. The first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, the third inductor L3, the sixth inductor L6, the ninth inductor L9, and the twelfth inductor L12 are all differential-mode inductors. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are all varistors. A common-mode inductor is an inductor used in a circuit to filter out common-mode signals. Common-mode interference refers to interference signals that simultaneously affect two signals in a circuit; this interference usually originates from the external environment or other circuits. A common-mode inductor typically consists of two coils wound on the same magnetic core, with the two input signals of the circuit introduced through these two coils respectively. A common-mode inductor has four leads; the two windings have the same diameter and number of turns, but are wound in opposite directions. A differential-mode inductor is an inductor used to filter out differential-mode signals. Differential-mode interference refers to opposing and equal interference signals that exist simultaneously on two signal lines. A differential-mode inductor consists of two coils wound on different magnetic cores, with the two input signals of the circuit introduced separately through these two coils. A differential-mode inductor has two pins.
[0019] The fourth inductor L4, fifth inductor L5, sixth inductor L6, seventh inductor L7, eighth inductor L8, ninth inductor L9, tenth inductor L10, eleventh inductor L11, twelfth inductor L12, fifth capacitor C5, fourth resistor R4, third capacitor C3, fourth capacitor C4, sixth capacitor C6, and third resistor R3 all belong to the secondary filter control circuit board 7. The second resistor R2, second capacitor C2, first resistor R1, first capacitor C1, first inductor L1, first brush D1, second inductor L2, second brush D2, rotor armature M, third brush D3, third inductor L3, and thermal protector FR all belong to the main control circuit board 3. This invention is also applicable to various motors in automobiles, such as windshield wiper motors, window regulator motors, seat motors, and sunroof motors.
[0020] When the rotor component 2 of this invention is working, the rotational torque is transmitted to the gear component 5, and then to the wiper linkage mechanism through the gear shaft 28 connected to the gear component 5. The ultra-low frequency band and ultra-high frequency band, i.e., the interference frequency bands of civilian and military vehicles, after being filtered by the above-mentioned circuits, are filtered by multiple common-mode inductors, differential-mode inductors, multiple capacitors, varistors, and other components. Most of the interference signals radiated by military vehicles are shielded by the combination of the gearbox component 4, the cover component 7, and the shielding cover 8.
Claims
1. A dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor for military and civilian vehicles, comprising a housing component, a rotor component, a gearbox component, a gear component, and a cover plate component, characterized in that: A main control circuit board is installed inside the housing component and at the commutator position of the rotor component. A shielding cover is installed on the cover component, and a secondary filter control circuit board is installed on the cover component and inside the shielding cover. The main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board are electrically connected. The main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board include a high-speed motor operating circuit and a low-speed motor operating circuit. The high-speed motor operating circuit includes a ninth inductor connected to the positive terminal of the high-speed power supply. This ninth inductor is sequentially connected to an eighth inductor, a seventh inductor, a second inductor, a second brush, a rotor armature, a third brush, and a third... An inductor and a thermal protector are connected in series. The thermal protector is then connected in series with a fourth, fifth, and sixth inductor in sequence. The sixth inductor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. Between the second and seventh inductors, and between the thermal protector and the fourth inductor, two paths are formed, each connected in parallel with a second resistor and a second capacitor. Between the fourth and fifth inductors, and between the seventh and eighth inductors, a fourth capacitor is connected in parallel. Between the fifth and sixth inductors, and between the eighth and ninth inductors, two paths are formed, each connected in parallel with a sixth capacitor and a third resistor. Both the second and third resistors are varistors.
2. The dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor for military and civilian vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The low-speed operating circuit of the motor includes a twelfth inductor connected to the positive terminal of the low-speed power supply. This twelfth inductor is connected in series with the eleventh inductor, the tenth inductor, the first inductor, the first brush, the rotor armature, the third brush, the third inductor, and the thermal protector. The thermal protector is then connected in series with the fourth inductor, the fifth inductor, and the sixth inductor. The sixth inductor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. Between the first inductor and the tenth inductor, and between the thermal protector and the fourth inductor, two circuits are connected in parallel with the first resistor and the first capacitor, respectively. Between the fourth inductor and the fifth inductor, and between the tenth inductor and the eleventh inductor, a third capacitor is connected in parallel. Between the fifth inductor and the sixth inductor, and between the eleventh inductor and the twelfth inductor, two circuits are connected in parallel with the fifth capacitor and the fourth resistor, respectively. The fourth resistor is a varistor.
3. The dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor for military and civilian vehicles as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The main control circuit board and the secondary filter control circuit board also include a motor reset circuit. The motor reset circuit uses a car relay to connect a second switch connected to the positive terminal of the reset power supply, and uses the motor low-speed operating circuit to achieve motor reset.
4. The dual-purpose electromagnetic compatibility motor for military and civilian vehicles as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The fourth and fifth inductors, the seventh and eighth inductors, and the tenth and eleventh inductors are all common-mode inductors, while the first, second, third, sixth, ninth, and twelfth inductors are all differential-mode inductors.