Power unit for magnet power supply in nuclear fusion device and magnet power supply
By employing a stacked connection bus and freewheeling circuit in the magnet power supply, the voltage spike problem caused by stray inductance was solved, thereby increasing the output power of the magnet power supply.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423043852.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-10
AI Technical Summary
The output power of a magnet power supply is limited by its large stray inductance, which causes the turn-off voltage spike of the switching element to rise, thus limiting the output power of the magnet power supply.
The system employs a stacked connection bus and freewheeling circuit. The stacked connection bus is set at both ends of the load and the freewheeling circuit. The current in the connection bus generates magnetic fields of equal magnitude and opposite direction that cancel each other out, thereby reducing stray inductance.
It effectively reduces voltage spikes when the control switch is turned off, increases the output power of the magnet power supply, and reduces the increase in stray inductance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223829218U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic power technology, specifically to a power unit and a magnet power supply for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device. Background Technology
[0002] In magnetic confinement fusion devices, multiple magnet power supplies are typically used to power different magnets. Each magnet power supply usually contains multiple switching elements for circuit control. Due to limitations imposed by the distance and size of the surrounding circuitry, the main circuit of the magnet power supply exhibits a relatively large stray inductance. This large stray inductance causes the turn-off voltage spike of the switching elements to gradually increase as the output power of the magnet power supply increases, thus limiting the output power of the magnet power supply to some extent.
[0003] Therefore, how to improve the output power of the magnet power supply is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides a power unit and a magnet power supply for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device, which at least solves the technical problem of how to increase the output power of the magnet power supply in related technologies.
[0005] According to a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power unit for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device. The power unit includes a control switch and a freewheeling circuit. A first terminal of the control switch is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the magnet power supply, a second terminal of the control switch is connected to the input terminal of a load, and the output terminal of the load is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply. The freewheeling circuit is connected in parallel across the load. At least one of the two terminals connected to the load and the freewheeling circuit is provided with two stacked connecting bars, one end of which is short-circuited. The free ends of the two connecting bars are respectively connected to the load and the freewheeling circuit.
[0006] In one embodiment, a first load connection bar is provided between the input terminal of the load and the second terminal of the control switch, and a first freewheeling connection bar is provided between one end of the freewheeling circuit and the second terminal of the control switch. The first load connection bar and the first freewheeling connection bar are stacked. The first load connection bar includes a first load connection bar body and a first load terminal and a second load terminal disposed at both ends of the first load connection bar body. The first load terminal is connected to the second terminal of the control switch, and the second load terminal is connected to the input terminal of the load. The first freewheeling connection bar includes a first freewheeling connection bar body and a first freewheeling terminal and a second freewheeling terminal disposed at both ends of the first freewheeling connection bar body. The first freewheeling terminal is short-circuited to the first load terminal, and the second freewheeling terminal is connected to one end of the freewheeling circuit.
[0007] In one embodiment, a first insulating layer is provided at least in the region between the first load connection bus body and the first freewheeling connection bus body.
[0008] In one embodiment, a second load connection bar is provided between the output terminal of the load and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; a second freewheeling connection bar is provided between the other end of the freewheeling circuit and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; the second load connection bar and the second freewheeling connection bar are stacked; the second load connection bar includes a second load connection bar body and a third load terminal and a fourth load terminal disposed at both ends of the second load connection bar body, the third load terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply, and the fourth load terminal is connected to the output terminal of the load; the second freewheeling connection bar includes a second freewheeling connection bar body and a third freewheeling terminal and a fourth freewheeling terminal disposed at both ends of the second freewheeling connection bar body, the third freewheeling terminal is short-circuited to the third load terminal, and the fourth freewheeling terminal is connected to the other end of the freewheeling circuit.
[0009] In one embodiment, a second insulating layer is provided at least in the region between the second load connection bus body and the second freewheeling connection bus body.
[0010] In one embodiment, the power unit further includes: an input connection bar disposed between the first terminal of the control switch and the positive terminal of the magnet power supply; and an output connection bar disposed between the output terminal of the load and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; the input connection bar and the output connection bar have the same shape and are stacked and insulated.
[0011] In one embodiment, the power unit further includes a filter capacitor, which is fixedly disposed on the stacked input connection bar and output connection bar. One end of the filter capacitor is connected to the input connection bar, and the other end of the filter capacitor is connected to the output connection bar.
[0012] In one embodiment, the input connection bar includes an input connection bar body and a first input terminal and a second input terminal disposed at both ends of the input connection bar body; the output connection bar includes an output connection bar body and a first output terminal and a second output terminal disposed at both ends of the output connection bar body; a third insulating layer is disposed between the input connection bar body and the output connection bar body.
[0013] In one embodiment, the second input terminal and the second output terminal are arranged in a staggered manner.
[0014] According to a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a magnet power supply for a nuclear fusion device, comprising: a plurality of power units as described in any of the first aspects above, wherein the plurality of power units are connected in series and / or in parallel.
[0015] This application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0016] The first terminal of the control switch is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the magnet power supply, the second terminal of the control switch is connected to the input terminal of the load, and the output terminal of the load is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply. The freewheeling circuit is connected in parallel across the load. At least one of the two ends where the load is connected to the freewheeling circuit has two stacked connecting bars with one end shorted. The free ends of the two connecting bars are respectively connected to the load and the freewheeling circuit. When the control switch is off, the electrical charge stored in the load enters the connecting bar through the free end of one connecting bar, enters the other connecting bar through the shorted end of the two connecting bars, then flows through the freewheeling circuit, and finally flows into the load, forming a loop. The stacked connecting bars with one end shorted at least one of the two ends where the load is connected to the freewheeling circuit reduce the freewheeling loop path and lower the stray inductance of the freewheeling loop. In the freewheeling circuit, the currents on the two stacked connecting bars are of the same magnitude but opposite in direction, which cancels out the magnetic field generated by the currents. This can effectively reduce stray inductance and reduce the turn-off voltage spike at the moment the control switch is turned off. Therefore, by increasing the number of series / parallel power units and increasing the output power of the magnet power supply, the increase in stray inductance and the turn-off voltage spike of the control switch can be reduced. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary modular structure of a power unit for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device, according to an embodiment of this application.
[0020] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram showing the change in turn-off voltage at the turn-off moment of the control switch in a power unit with a connection bar that does not use a stacked configuration.
[0021] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram showing the change of the turn-off voltage at the turn-off moment of the control switch in a power unit with a stacked connection bar.
[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of an exemplary power unit for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device, as described in an embodiment of this application.
[0023] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of another exemplary power unit for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device, as shown in the embodiments of this application.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a side view of an exemplary power unit for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device, as shown in an embodiment of this application.
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the axial three-dimensional structure of an exemplary power unit for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device, as described in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, including a series of units, systems, products, or devices is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include units, systems, products, or devices not explicitly listed.
[0028] This application provides a power unit for the magnet power supply of a nuclear fusion device, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the power unit includes a control switch 1 and a freewheeling circuit 2. The first end of the control switch 1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the magnet power supply, the second end of the control switch 1 is connected to the input terminal of the load, the output terminal of the load is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply, and the freewheeling circuit 2 is connected in parallel across the load. At least one of the two ends of the load connected to the freewheeling circuit 2 is provided with two stacked connecting bars 3 with one end short-circuited. The free ends of the two connecting bars 3 are respectively connected to the load and the freewheeling circuit 2.
[0029] In this embodiment, the load and the freewheeling circuit 2 are connected in parallel. At one end of the load and the freewheeling circuit 2, two stacked connecting bars 3 can be provided to replace the connecting lines of the load and the freewheeling circuit 2. In another embodiment, two stacked connecting bars 3 can be provided at both ends of the load and the freewheeling circuit 2 to replace the connecting lines of the load and the freewheeling circuit 2.
[0030] When control switch 1 is open, the electrical charge stored in the load enters the connecting bar 3 through the free end of one connecting bar 3, then enters the other connecting bar 3 through the short-circuited ends of the two connecting bars 3, and finally flows into the load through the freewheeling circuit 2, forming a loop. The presence of two stacked connecting bars 3 with one end short-circuited at least one end of the connection between the load and the freewheeling circuit 2 reduces the freewheeling loop path and decreases stray inductance. The currents on the two stacked connecting bars 3 in the freewheeling loop are of the same magnitude but opposite in direction, canceling out the magnetic field generated by the currents, effectively reducing stray inductance and the turn-off voltage spike at the moment control switch 1 is turned off. Therefore, by increasing the number of series / parallel power units and increasing the output power of the magnet power supply, the increase in stray inductance and the turn-off voltage spike of control switch 1 are reduced.
[0031] See Figure 2a and Figure 2b The peak values of the turn-off voltage at the turn-off moment of control switch 1 are shown for connection bars without and with stacked configuration. It can be seen that the peak value of the turn-off voltage when the connection bar with stacked configuration is significantly smaller than that when the connection bar without stacked configuration is not used.
[0032] The connecting busbars mentioned in this application can be DC metal busbars such as copper busbars or aluminum busbars. In this embodiment, a copper busbar is used as an example. The control switch 1 can be a fully controllable solid-state switching device, such as a MOSFET, IGBT, GTO, GTR, etc. In this embodiment, an IGBT is used as an example. In addition, in this application, the short circuit between two stacked connecting busbars is shown as a dashed line in the figure.
[0033] In one embodiment, two connection bars can be disposed between the load input terminal and the second terminal of the control switch 1. Specifically, one of the two connection bars is used to connect the load to the second terminal of the control switch 1, and the other is used to connect the load to the freewheeling circuit 2. For example, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, a first load connection bar 31 is provided between the input terminal of the load and the second terminal of the control switch 1, and a first freewheeling connection bar 32 is provided between one end of the freewheeling circuit 2 and the second terminal of the control switch 1. The first load connection bar 31 and the first freewheeling connection bar 32 are stacked.
[0034] The first load connection bar 31 includes a first load connection bar body 311 and a first load terminal 312 and a second load terminal 313 disposed at both ends of the first load connection bar body 311. The first load terminal 312 is connected to the second end of the control switch 1, and the second load terminal 313 is connected to the input end of the load. The first freewheeling connection bar 32 includes a first freewheeling connection bar body 321 and a first freewheeling terminal 322 and a second freewheeling terminal 323 disposed at both ends of the first freewheeling connection bar body 321. The first freewheeling terminal 322 is short-circuited to the first load terminal 312, and the second freewheeling terminal 323 is connected to one end of the freewheeling circuit 2. See the detailed structure below. Figure 6 The structural diagram shown shows that, in Figure 6 For ease of display, the first load connection bar 31 and the first freewheeling connection bar 32 are displayed separately.
[0035] When there are multiple control switches 1, the number of first load terminals 312 of the first load connection bar 31 corresponds one-to-one with the number of control switches 1. For example, the number of control switches 1 can be 4, and the number of first load terminals 312 can also be 4, each connected to the second end of the control switch 1. The number of control switches 1 can be determined based on actual needs. This embodiment is only an example, and other numbers are also applicable in this embodiment.
[0036] In one embodiment, a first insulating layer is provided in at least the area between the first load connection bar body 311 and the first freewheeling connection bar body 321. By providing the first insulating layer in the area between the first load connection bar body 311 and the first freewheeling connection bar body 321, the current path in the freewheeling circuit can be regulated, so that the current in the freewheeling circuit can form currents of equal magnitude and opposite direction in the first load connection bar 31 and the first freewheeling connection bar 32, thereby canceling out the stray inductances they generate.
[0037] In one embodiment, two connecting bars may also be disposed between the output terminal of the load and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply. Specifically, one of the two connecting bars is used to connect the load to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply, and the other is used to connect the load to the freewheeling circuit 2. For example, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, a second load connection bar 33 is provided between the output terminal of the load and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; a second freewheeling connection bar 34 is provided between the other end of the freewheeling circuit 2 and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; the second load connection bar 33 and the second freewheeling connection bar 34 are stacked.
[0038] The second load connection bar 33 includes a second load connection bar body 331 and a third load terminal 332 and a fourth load terminal 333 disposed at both ends of the second load connection bar body 331. The third load terminal 332 is connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply, and the fourth load terminal 333 is connected to the output terminal of the load. The second freewheeling connection bar 34 includes a second freewheeling connection bar body 341 and a third freewheeling terminal 342 and a fourth freewheeling terminal 343 disposed at both ends of the second freewheeling connection bar body 341. The third freewheeling terminal 342 is short-circuited to the third load terminal 332, and the fourth freewheeling terminal 343 is connected to the other end of the freewheeling circuit 2. See the specific structure. Figure 6 The structural diagram shown shows that, in Figure 6 For ease of display, the second load connection bar 33 and the second freewheeling connection bar 34 are shown separately.
[0039] In one embodiment, a second insulating layer is provided in at least the area between the second load connection bus body 331 and the second freewheeling connection bus body 341. By providing a second insulating layer in the area between the second load connection bus body 331 and the second freewheeling connection bus body 341, the current path in the freewheeling circuit can be regulated, so that the current in the freewheeling circuit can form currents of equal magnitude and opposite direction in the second load connection bus 33 and the second freewheeling connection bus 34, thereby canceling out the stray inductances they generate.
[0040] To further reduce stray inductance in the power unit, decrease its size, and increase its compactness, in one embodiment, a connection bar is provided between the positive terminal of the magnet power supply and the control switch 1, and between the negative terminal of the magnet power supply and the load. Specifically, as shown... Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the power unit also includes an input connection bar 4, which is disposed between the first end of the control switch 1 and the positive terminal of the magnet power supply; and an output connection bar 5, which is disposed between the output end of the load and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; the input connection bar 4 and the output connection bar 5 have the same shape and are stacked and insulated.
[0041] In this embodiment, when the control switch 1 is turned on, the currents on the input connection bar 4 and the output connection bar 5 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so as to cancel the magnetic field generated by the current and effectively reduce stray inductance.
[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the power unit also includes a filter capacitor 6, which is fixedly mounted on the stacked input connection bar 4 and output connection bar 5. One end of the filter capacitor 6 is connected to the input connection bar 4, and the other end is connected to the output connection bar 5. In this embodiment, the filter capacitor 6 can be a plug-in capacitor. Holes for inserting capacitor pins can be provided on the input connection bar 4 and output connection bar 5. The filter capacitor 6 is fixed to the input connection bar 4 and output connection bar 5 by soldering. In this embodiment, the hole on the input connection bar 4 is conductive to the positive terminal of the filter capacitor 6 and insulated from the output connection bar 5; the hole on the output connection bar 5 is conductive to the negative terminal of the filter capacitor 6 and insulated from the input connection bar 4.
[0043] In this embodiment, there can be multiple filter capacitors 6, which are evenly distributed on the input connection bar 4 and the output connection bar 5.
[0044] In one embodiment, the input connection bar 4 includes an input connection bar body 41 and a first input terminal 42 and a second input terminal 43 disposed at both ends of the input connection bar body 41; the output connection bar 5 includes an output connection bar body 51 and a first output terminal 52 and a second output terminal 53 disposed at both ends of the output connection bar body 51; wherein, the first input terminal 42 is connected to the first end of the control switch 1, and the second input terminal 43 is connected to the positive terminal of the magnet power supply; the first output terminal 52 is connected to the first load terminal 312 of the second load connection bar 33, and the second output terminal 53 is connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply.
[0045] A third insulating layer is provided between the input connection bar body 41 and the output connection bar body 51; the second input terminal 43 and the second output terminal 53 are arranged in a staggered manner.
[0046] A third insulating layer is provided between the main body of the input connection bar 4 and the main body of the output connection bar 5. At the same time, the second input terminal 43 and the second output terminal 53 are staggered to insulate the input connection bar 4 and the output connection bar 5 and prevent open circuit.
[0047] This application also provides a magnet power supply for a nuclear fusion device, comprising multiple power units described in the above embodiments, wherein the multiple power units are connected in series and / or in parallel to form the magnet power supply according to the requirements of the magnet power supply. Since the power unit structure is simple and compact, facilitating assembly and maintenance, the required magnet power supply can be obtained by combining the power units in series / parallel. Increasing the number of power units in series / parallel increases the power output power while reducing the increase in stray inductance and the degree of increase in the turn-off voltage spikes of the control switch.
[0048] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A power unit for a magnet power supply in a nuclear fusion device, characterized in that, The power unit includes: a control switch and a freewheeling circuit, wherein... The first terminal of the control switch is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the magnet power supply, the second terminal of the control switch is connected to the input terminal of the load, the output terminal of the load is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply, and the freewheeling circuit is connected in parallel across the load. At least one of the two ends of the load connected to the freewheeling circuit is provided with two stacked connecting bars with one end shorted, and the free ends of the two connecting bars are respectively connected to the load and the freewheeling circuit.
2. The power unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first load connection bar is provided between the input terminal of the load and the second terminal of the control switch, and a first freewheeling connection bar is provided between one end of the freewheeling circuit and the second terminal of the control switch. The first load connection bar and the first freewheeling connection bar are stacked. The first load connection bar includes a first load connection bar body and a first load terminal and a second load terminal disposed at both ends of the first load connection bar body. The first load terminal is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the second load terminal is connected to the input end of the load. The first freewheeling connector includes a first freewheeling connector body and a first freewheeling terminal and a second freewheeling terminal disposed at both ends of the first freewheeling connector body. The first freewheeling terminal is short-circuited to the first load terminal, and the second freewheeling terminal is connected to one end of the freewheeling circuit.
3. The power unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A first insulating layer is provided in at least the area between the first load connection bus body and the first freewheeling connection bus body.
4. The power unit as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A second load connection bar is provided between the output terminal of the load and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; a second freewheeling connection bar is provided between the other end of the freewheeling circuit and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply; the second load connection bar and the second freewheeling connection bar are stacked. The second load connection bar includes a second load connection bar body and a third load terminal and a fourth load terminal disposed at both ends of the second load connection bar body. The third load terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the magnet power supply, and the fourth load terminal is connected to the output terminal of the load. The second freewheeling connector includes a second freewheeling connector body and a third freewheeling terminal and a fourth freewheeling terminal disposed at both ends of the second freewheeling connector body. The third freewheeling terminal is short-circuited to the third load terminal, and the fourth freewheeling terminal is connected to the other end of the freewheeling circuit.
5. The power unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A second insulating layer is provided at least in the area between the second load connection bus body and the second freewheeling connection bus body.
6. The power unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An input connection bar is positioned between the first terminal of the control switch and the positive terminal of the magnet power supply; An output connector is provided between the output terminal of the load and the negative terminal of the magnet power supply. The input connection bar and the output connection bar have the same shape and are stacked with insulation.
7. The power unit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a filter capacitor, which is fixedly mounted on the stacked input connection bar and output connection bar. One end of the filter capacitor is connected to the input connection bar, and the other end of the filter capacitor is connected to the output connection bar.
8. The power structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The input connection bar includes an input connection bar body and a first input terminal and a second input terminal disposed at both ends of the input connection bar body; The output connection bar includes an output connection bar body and a first output terminal and a second output terminal disposed at both ends of the output connection bar body; A third insulating layer is provided between the main body of the input connection bar and the main body of the output connection bar.
9. The power unit as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The second input terminal and the second output terminal are arranged in a staggered manner.
10. A magnet power supply for a nuclear fusion device, characterized in that, include: A plurality of power units as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the plurality of power units are connected in series and / or in parallel.