Forging die for basin forgings

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of forging dies, and particularly relates to a forging die for basin forgings. The forging die comprises an upper die, a lower die and an elastic reset mechanism. The upper die comprises a main body part and a pressure head part separated from the main body part; the elastic reset mechanism comprises a spring supporting piece arranged in the cavity and a connecting rod which is fixedly connected with the spring supporting piece and penetrates out of the main body part, and the connecting rod is connected with the pressing head part; and a spring is arranged on the spring supporting piece. After forging is completed, the pressing head part is kept relatively static for a short time in the initial ascending stage of the sliding block by utilizing the reset force of the compressible elastic assembly, so that relative displacement is generated between the pressing head part and the main body part ascending along with the sliding block of the press machine, the basin-shaped forge piece wrapping the main body part is pushed away from the surface of the main body part, and preliminary demolding is achieved; as the contact area of the pressure head part and the inner cavity of the forge piece is small, the forge piece is easy to further separate from the pressure head part under the action of self gravity, finally automatic loading and unloading are completed, and the problem of difficult unloading caused by locking of the upper die by the forge piece in the traditional die is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of forging dies, and specifically relates to a forging die for basin-shaped forgings. Background Technology

[0002] In die forging, basin-shaped forgings, due to their structural characteristics (usually with deep cavities), place high demands on the mold's demolding performance. Traditional die forging of basin-shaped forgings typically employs a combination of a lower recessed die and an upper punch. However, in actual forging processes, as the metal billet shrinks after high-temperature forming and the temperature decreases, it tends to tightly adhere to the surface of the upper punch, causing the forging to "lock" into the upper die and making demolding difficult.

[0003] Currently, most die forging hydraulic presses are only equipped with a lower ejection mechanism and lack an effective upper demolding function. When the forging sticks to the upper punch, the machine cannot complete the demolding action on its own, often requiring manual intervention or additional auxiliary devices. This not only affects production efficiency but also poses safety hazards and may lead to surface damage to the forging or accelerated die wear. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a forging die for basin-shaped forgings, which enables the forging to be effectively separated from the upper die by utilizing the die's own elastic reset mechanism after the die is closed and formed.

[0005] This application provides a forging die for a basin-shaped forging, including: an upper die, a lower die, and an elastic reset mechanism disposed in the upper die;

[0006] The upper mold includes a main body and a pressing head separated from the main body, and the main body is provided with a cavity;

[0007] The elastic reset mechanism includes a spring support member disposed in a cavity and a connecting rod fixedly connected to the spring support member and extending through the main body. The end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the pressure head. The spring support member is provided with a spring that can adjust the stroke of the pressure head.

[0008] Optionally, the spring support includes an upper pressure plate and a lower pressure plate disposed opposite to each other, and a guide post is provided on the opposite surface of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, and a spring is provided on the guide post.

[0009] Optionally, the springs are 3-6 in number and are evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0010] Optionally, the main body also has a through hole through which a connecting rod passes, and the connecting rod is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the through hole.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the pressure head.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting rod is cylindrical in shape.

[0013] Optionally, the adjacent surfaces of the main body and the pressure head are the lower surface and the upper surface, respectively. When the upper surface and the lower surface are fully in contact, the outer peripheral surfaces of the main body and the pressure head transition smoothly.

[0014] Optionally, the lower mold has a cavity and a mounting hole extending through the bottom of the cavity and through the lower mold. A lower ejector rod is provided in the mounting hole, and the lower ejector rod pushes the forging away from the lower mold under the push of the lower ejection mechanism of the hydraulic press.

[0015] Optionally, the mounting hole is a countersunk hole, and the corresponding lower push rod has a structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The lower push rod is inserted into the mounting hole and the top of the lower push rod is flush with the bottom of the cavity.

[0016] Optionally, the bottom of the lower push rod extends 2-10mm beyond the mounting hole.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are that by setting a split structure consisting of a middle waist, a pressure head, and an elastic reset mechanism in the upper die, the pressure head is kept relatively stationary for a short period of time during the initial upward movement of the slide block after forging, thanks to the reset force of the compressible elastic component. This relative displacement with the fixed part and the middle waist, which rise with the press slide block, "pushes" the basin-shaped forging covering the middle waist away from the surface of the middle waist, achieving initial demolding. Due to the small contact area between the pressure head and the inner cavity of the forging, the forging easily detaches from the pressure head under its own gravity, ultimately completing automatic upper demolding. This forging die does not require an additional upper ejection mechanism, effectively solving the problem of difficult demolding caused by the forging sticking to the upper die in traditional dies. It not only improves demolding reliability and production efficiency but also reduces the safety risks and damage to the forging and die caused by manual intervention. It has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicality, and wide adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the forging die for a basin-shaped forging provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper mold provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the elastic reset mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] In the diagram: 110, main body; 111, cavity; 112, through hole; 113, lower surface; 120, press head; 121, upper surface; 200, lower mold; 210, cavity; 220, mounting hole; 230, lower ejector pin; 310, spring support; 311, upper pressure plate; 312, lower pressure plate; 313, spring; 320, connecting rod; 400, press slide; 500, worktable; 510, clearance hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0023] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the forging die for a basin-shaped forging provided in this application includes an upper die, a lower die 200, and an elastic reset mechanism disposed in the upper die;

[0024] The upper mold includes a main body 110 and a pressure head 120 separated from the main body 110. A cavity 111 is provided inside the main body 110.

[0025] The elastic reset mechanism includes a spring support 310 disposed in the cavity 111 and a connecting rod 320 fixedly connected to the spring support 310 and extending through the main body 110. The end of the connecting rod 320 is fixedly connected to the pressure head 120. A spring 313 is provided on the spring support 310 to adjust the stroke of the pressure head 120.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the forging mold for basin-shaped forgings provided in this application, through the split structure of the upper mold consisting of the main body 110 and the pressure head 120, and the elastic reset mechanism that makes the main body 110 and the pressure head 120 elastically cooperate, after forging, the reset force of the elastic reset mechanism makes the pressure head 120 briefly remain relatively stationary in the early stage of the press slide 400 rising, thereby generating relative displacement with the main body 110 that rises with the press slide 400, "pushing" the basin-shaped forging covering the main body 110 away from its surface, and achieving initial demolding; since the contact area between the pressure head 120 and the inner cavity of the forging is small, the forging is easy to further detach from the pressure head 120 under its own gravity, and finally completes automatic demolding. This forging die eliminates the need for additional ejection mechanisms on the equipment, effectively solving the problem of difficult demolding caused by forgings seizing onto the upper die in traditional dies. It not only improves demolding reliability and production efficiency but also reduces safety risks and damage to forgings and dies caused by manual intervention. It has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicality, and wide adaptability.

[0027] It should be noted that the cavity 111 not only provides a stable installation space and axial guidance for the elastic reset mechanism, but also effectively protects components such as the spring 313 from high-temperature oxidation, metal splashes, or external impacts, extending the service life of the mold. Simultaneously, integrating the compressible elastic component inside the fixing part makes the overall structure more compact, facilitating connection with the press slide 400, and ensuring that during mold closing, the load is transmitted to the upper pressure plate 311 via the connecting rod 320, achieving uniform compression of the spring 313. During the demolding stage, the spring 313 reliably resets within the cavity 111, pushing the connecting rod 320 and the pressure head 120 to generate the required relative movement, thereby ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the demolding action.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the spring support 310 includes an upper pressure plate 311 and a lower pressure plate 312 disposed opposite to each other, and guide posts are provided on the opposite surfaces of the upper pressure plate 311 and the lower pressure plate 312, with springs 313 disposed on the guide posts.

[0029] Specifically, the top of the upper pressure plate 311 directly contacts the lower end face of the press slide 400. During the mold closing and pressurization process, it descends with the press slide 400, compressing the multiple circumferentially arranged springs 313 below. When forging is completed and the slide begins to rise, the springs 313 return to their original state due to unloading, pushing the lower pressure plate 312 and its connected connecting rod 320 downward relative to the main body 110. This causes the pressure head 120 connected to it to briefly remain in place, generating the relative displacement required for demolding relative to the main body 110 that rises with the press slide 400. Thus, not only is the reliability and synchronization of elastic reset guaranteed.

[0030] In one possible implementation, there are 3 to 6 springs 313, which are evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0031] Specifically, the springs 313 can be 3, 4, 5, or 6 evenly distributed circumferentially. This ensures that the pressure head 120 experiences balanced force and smooth movement during loading and unloading, while also maintaining structural compactness and manufacturing feasibility. When the press slide 400 descends to close the mold, the pressure head 120 contacts the blank and is subjected to force, which is transmitted to the connecting rod 320. The upper pressure plate 311 adheres to the lower end face of the slide, uniformly compressing each spring 313. During the demolding stage, the slide moves upward to unload, and each spring 313 rebounds synchronously. The restoring force is uniformly transmitted to the pressure head 120 through the connecting rod 320, effectively avoiding problems such as skewing, jamming, or scratches on the forging surface caused by uneven local force.

[0032] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2As shown, the main body 110 also has a through hole 112 through which the connecting rod 320 passes, and the connecting rod 320 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the through hole 112. In this way, it is ensured that the connecting rod 320 can slide smoothly axially within the through hole 112, satisfying the vertical freedom of movement required during demolding, and its radial runout is effectively limited through reasonable clearance control, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the pressure head 120 during forming and demolding.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the connecting rod 320 is threaded to the pressure head 120.

[0034] Specifically, the end of the connecting rod 320 is machined with an external thread (or an internal thread), while the corresponding position of the pressure head 120 is provided with a matching internal thread (or external thread), forming a stable connection through screwing. During the forging process, the forming load is transmitted to the connecting rod 320 via the pressure head 120, and the threaded pair can effectively withstand axial pressure without loosening. During the demolding stage, when the spring 313 returns to its original position and pushes the connecting rod 320 downward relative to the middle waist, the threaded connection ensures that the pressure head 120 can synchronously respond to the elastic return action, generating the required relative displacement to achieve demolding. In addition, the threaded connection also facilitates the replacement of worn or damaged pressure heads 120, improving mold maintenance efficiency.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the connecting rod 320 is cylindrical in shape, but it can also be prismatic.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the adjacent surfaces of the main body 110 and the pressure head 120 are the lower surface 113 and the upper surface 121, respectively. When the upper surface 121 and the lower surface 113 are fully in contact, the outer peripheral surfaces of the main body 110 and the pressure head 120 transition smoothly.

[0037] Specifically, at the moment the mold closes and forging is completed, the pressure head 120 is pressed upwards under the pre-tightening force of the elastic component and the forming load, so that its upper surface 121 is completely fitted with the lower surface 113 of the intermediate waist, forming an integral rigid force transmission structure. This ensures that the load during the forming process can be efficiently and stably transferred directly from the upper mold through the intermediate waist to the pressure head 120, avoiding stress concentration or deformation instability caused by the split structure. At the same time, the outer periphery of the intermediate waist and the pressure head 120 achieve a smooth transition in the fitted state, without steps or abrupt changes, thereby ensuring the forming quality of the inner cavity surface of the forging and preventing defects such as folds, scratches, or insufficient filling.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the forging die further includes a lower die 200, which has a cavity 210 and a mounting hole 220 extending through the bottom of the cavity 210. A lower ejector rod 230 is disposed within the mounting hole 220, and the lower ejector rod 230, under the push of the lower ejection mechanism of the hydraulic press, disengages the forging from the lower die 200. This is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the mounting hole 220 is a countersunk hole, and the corresponding lower push rod 230 has a structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The lower push rod 230 is inserted into the mounting hole 220 and the top of the lower push rod 230 is flush with the bottom of the cavity 210.

[0040] Specifically, the mounting hole 220 of the lower die 200 is designed as a countersunk hole structure, with a larger upper diameter and a smaller lower diameter, forming a stepped inner cavity. The matching lower ejector pin 230 adopts a stepped shaft structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its wider upper portion is embedded in the upper large-diameter section of the countersunk hole, while its narrower lower portion passes through the lower small-diameter section of the countersunk hole. During assembly, the lower ejector pin 230 is inserted into the mounting hole 220 from top to bottom, with its top end face precisely adjusted to be flush with the bottom of the cavity 210 of the lower die 200, ensuring that the bottom surface of the forging is completely formed without any depressions or protrusions. Thus, the countersunk hole not only provides good radial positioning and axial limiting for the lower ejector pin 230, preventing it from tilting or falling off during ejection, but also enables stable and vertical ejection under the push of the lower ejection mechanism of the hydraulic press.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the bottom of the lower push rod 230 extends 2-10mm beyond the mounting hole 220.

[0042] Specifically, the bottom of the lower ejector rod 230 can extend out of the mounting hole 220 at any typical but non-limiting point value or an interval between any two points, such as 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, or 10mm. The bottom of the lower ejector rod 230 extends out of the mounting hole 220 and into the clearance hole 510 of the worktable 500. The lower ejection mechanism lifts the lower ejector rod 230 through the clearance hole 510, thus completing the demolding of the basin-shaped forging.

[0043] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of this application is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0044] One or more embodiments in this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A forging die for a basin-shaped forging, characterized in that, include: Upper mold, lower mold (200), and an elastic reset mechanism disposed within the upper mold; The upper mold includes a main body (110) and a pressing head (120) separate from the main body (110), and a cavity (111) is provided inside the main body (110). The elastic reset mechanism includes a spring support (310) disposed in the cavity (111) and a connecting rod (320) fixedly connected to the spring support (310) and extending through the main body (110). The end of the connecting rod (320) is fixedly connected to the pressure head (120). The spring support (310) is provided with a spring (313) that can adjust the stroke of the pressure head (120). The spring support (310) includes an upper pressure plate (311) and a lower pressure plate (312) arranged opposite to each other. Guide posts are provided on the opposite surfaces of the upper pressure plate (311) and the lower pressure plate (312), and springs (313) are provided on the guide posts.

2. The forging die for the basin-shaped forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The springs (313) are 3-6 in number and are evenly distributed circumferentially.

3. The forging die for the basin-shaped forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body (110) also has a through hole (112) through which a connecting rod (320) passes, and the connecting rod (320) is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the through hole (112).

4. The forging die for the basin-shaped forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (320) is threadedly connected to the pressure head (120).

5. The forging die for the basin-shaped forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (320) is cylindrical in shape; And / or, the connecting rod (320) is cylindrical in shape.

6. The forging die for the basin-shaped forging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent surfaces of the main body (110) and the pressing head (120) are the lower surface (113) and the upper surface (121), respectively. When the upper surface (121) and the lower surface (113) are fully in contact, the outer peripheral surfaces of the main body (110) and the pressing head (120) are smoothly transitioned.

7. The forging die for a basin-shaped forging according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The lower die (200) has a cavity (210) and a mounting hole (220) extending through the bottom of the cavity (210) and passing through the lower die (200). A lower ejector rod (230) is provided in the mounting hole (220). The lower ejector rod (230) pushes the forging away from the lower die (200) under the push of the lower ejection mechanism of the hydraulic press.

8. The forging die for the basin-shaped forging according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting hole (220) is a countersunk hole, and the corresponding lower push rod (230) has a structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The lower push rod (230) is inserted into the mounting hole (220) and the top of the lower push rod (230) is flush with the bottom of the cavity (210).

9. The forging die for basin-shaped forgings according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower push rod (230) extends 2-10mm beyond the mounting hole (220).

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