Vertical thread grinding machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical thread grinding machine which comprises a machine body and a stand column vertically arranged on the back side of the machine body. Two grinding mechanisms are arranged on the lathe bed, the grinding mechanisms are slidably mounted on the lathe bed through horizontal guide rail mechanisms, and first linear driving mechanisms are arranged between the grinding mechanisms and the lathe bed; a feeding mechanism is arranged between the two grinding mechanisms and comprises a vertically-arranged Z-axis carriage, the Z-axis carriage is installed on the stand column in a sliding mode through a vertical guide rail mechanism, and a second linear driving mechanism is arranged between the Z-axis carriage and the stand column. A headstock assembly and a tailstock assembly which are used for clamping a workpiece are vertically arranged on the Z-axis carriage in a manner of facing each other; the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding driving assembly which is integrally arranged in the vertical direction, a grinding wheel is arranged at the output end of the grinding driving assembly, and the side, facing the feeding mechanism, of the grinding wheel is oppositely arranged in a protruding mode. The feeding and discharging device has the advantages of reasonable structural design, convenience in feeding and discharging, capability of improving the machining efficiency, benefit for guaranteeing the machining precision and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grinding technology, and in particular to a vertical thread grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] An external thread grinder is a precision machine tool used to machine external thread surfaces. It primarily uses a grinding wheel to grind the workpiece to achieve high-precision thread forming. Its applications include machinery manufacturing, automotive parts (such as lead screws and drive shafts), aerospace, robotics (such as humanoid robot joint components), and new energy equipment (such as motor shafts). In recent years, with the increasing demand for precision manufacturing, the application of external thread grinders in high-precision lead screws, roller lead screws, and other related fields has significantly increased.

[0003] External thread machining typically requires multiple processes, such as external cylindrical grinding, rough grinding and fine grinding of the external thread, etc. Between each grinding process, the workpiece needs to be clamped and transferred, resulting in low processing efficiency and a large footprint of multiple grinding machines. In addition, there are many manual operation steps, which also increases production costs and error risks. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: how to provide a vertical thread grinding machine with reasonable structural design, convenient loading and unloading, improved processing efficiency, and good processing accuracy.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A vertical thread grinding machine includes a bed and a column vertically arranged on the back side of the bed. The bed has two grinding mechanisms distributed along its length. Each grinding mechanism is slidably mounted on the bed via a horizontal guide rail mechanism along the length of the bed. A first linear drive mechanism is provided between the grinding mechanisms and the bed. A feed mechanism is provided between the two grinding mechanisms. The feed mechanism includes a vertically arranged Z-axis slide, which is slidably mounted on the column via a vertically arranged vertical guide rail mechanism. A second linear drive mechanism is provided between the Z-axis slide and the column. A headstock assembly and a tailstock assembly for clamping workpieces are vertically aligned opposite each other on the Z-axis slide. Each grinding mechanism includes a grinding drive assembly arranged vertically as a whole. The output end of the grinding drive assembly is provided with a grinding wheel, which protrudes relatively towards the side facing the feed mechanism.

[0007] With the above structure, during processing, grinding wheels for external cylindrical grinding and grinding wheels for thread rough grinding can be installed on two grinding mechanisms respectively, allowing for simultaneous external cylindrical grinding and thread rough grinding; or grinding wheels for thread rough grinding and grinding wheels for thread fine grinding can be installed separately, allowing for simultaneous thread rough grinding and thread fine grinding. During loading and unloading, the first linear drive mechanism moves the two grinding mechanisms in opposite directions along the horizontal guide rail mechanism, facilitating loading and unloading. The workpiece to be ground is clamped between the headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly, and the two grinding mechanisms are moved to the grinding position along the horizontal guide rail mechanism. During grinding, the headstock assembly and tailstock assembly together drive the workpiece to rotate, and the two grinding wheels are driven to rotate by the grinding drive assembly to grind the workpiece. Simultaneously, the second linear drive mechanism moves the Z-axis slide along the vertical guide rail mechanism. In this way, two grinding processes can be completed in a single clamping operation using two grinding wheels, improving production efficiency, reducing the number of machines, and lowering the equipment footprint. By reducing the number of clamping operations, machining accuracy can be better guaranteed, and cumulative errors caused by the clamping process can be avoided.

[0008] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism includes a grinding base, on which a rotatable pitch adjustment mechanism is provided, and the grinding drive assembly is disposed on the pitch adjustment mechanism; the grinding wheel and the rotation axis of the corresponding pitch adjustment mechanism are located at the same height, and the rotation axis is arranged radially along the grinding wheel in the horizontal direction.

[0009] In this way, since the rotation axis is in a horizontal state and is set radially along the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel and the rotation axis are at the same height, the pitch adjustment mechanism rotates around the rotation axis, which will drive the grinding drive assembly and the grinding wheel as a whole to rotate, thereby adjusting the working angle between the grinding wheel and the workpiece to adapt to different types of thread grinding.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding base has a horizontally arranged rotary hole, the pitch adjustment mechanism includes a rotary shaft rotatably disposed in the rotary hole, the grinding base has a pitch drive mechanism for driving the rotary shaft to rotate; the end of the rotary shaft facing the feed mechanism has a vertically arranged mounting plate, and the grinding drive assembly is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotary shaft is cylindrical in shape and is rotatably mounted in the rotary hole via a turntable bearing. The mounting plate has a through-hole in the middle, and the grinding wheel is located at the through-hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting plate has a waterproof disc coaxially arranged with the rotary shaft on the side facing the grinding base. The waterproof disc has a waterproof flange extending axially, and the grinding base has a waterproof groove corresponding to the waterproof disc. The waterproof flange is embedded in the waterproof groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a locking cylinder is provided on the grinding base, and the piston rod of the locking cylinder faces the feed mechanism; the mounting plate has a locking hole for the piston rod to pass through, and the locking hole extends in an arc shape along the circumference of the rotating shaft; a locking block is installed at one end of the piston rod that passes through the locking hole, and the locking block presses the mounting plate tightly when the piston rod is retracted.

[0014] In this way, after rotating the pitch adjustment mechanism to the angle required for grinding, the piston rod of the locking cylinder can retract to fix the position of the mounting plate, allowing the grinding wheel to perform grinding more stably.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple locking cylinders are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary hole, and the locking holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the locking cylinders.

[0016] Furthermore, an external gear ring is fitted onto the rotary shaft; the pitch drive mechanism is a pitch drive motor mounted on the grinding base, and a drive gear is mounted on the output end of the pitch drive motor through a reducer, the drive gear meshing with the external gear ring.

[0017] Furthermore, the tailstock assembly is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis slide plate, and the headstock assembly is slidably mounted on the Z-axis slide plate via a vertically arranged headstock guide rail mechanism; a third linear drive mechanism is provided between the headstock assembly and the Z-axis slide plate; and a drive motor is provided inside both the headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly.

[0018] Furthermore, the grinding drive assembly includes a housing, within which a grinding wheel shaft is rotatably mounted via bearings, and a motor is disposed at the lower end of the grinding wheel shaft; the grinding wheel is mounted on the grinding wheel shaft.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. Using two grinding wheels for different grinding operations reduces the number of workpiece clamping operations, lowers cumulative errors, and helps ensure machining accuracy. It also reduces the number of machines required and the floor space required, thus lowering production costs.

[0021] 2. The headstock assembly and tailstock assembly are set vertically, and the grinding drive assembly and grinding wheel are arranged vertically on both sides. On the one hand, this makes it easier for the operator to load and unload the workpiece; on the other hand, by setting the axes of the workpiece, grinding drive assembly and grinding wheel vertically, the influence of bending moment can be reduced, which helps to ensure machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grinding mechanism.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism.

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the grinding mechanism.

[0026] Figure 5 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the grinding mechanism.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feed mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] In practical implementation: such as Figures 1-6As shown, a vertical thread grinding machine includes a bed 1 and a column 2 vertically arranged on the back side of the bed 1. The bed 1 has two grinding mechanisms 3 distributed along its length. The grinding mechanisms 3 are slidably mounted on the bed 1 via horizontal guide rail mechanisms 31 arranged along the length of the bed. A first linear drive mechanism (not shown) is provided between the grinding mechanisms 3 and the bed 1. A feed mechanism 4 is provided between the two grinding mechanisms 3. The feed mechanism 4 includes a vertically arranged Z-axis slide 41. The Z-axis slide plate 41 is slidably mounted on the column 2 via a vertically arranged vertical guide rail mechanism 42. A second linear drive mechanism (not shown in the figure) is provided between the Z-axis slide plate 41 and the column 2. A headstock assembly 43 and a tailstock assembly 44 for clamping workpieces are vertically aligned on the Z-axis slide plate 41. The grinding mechanism 3 includes a grinding drive assembly 32 that is integrally arranged vertically. A grinding wheel 33 is provided at the output end of the grinding drive assembly 32. The grinding wheel 33 protrudes relatively towards the side facing the feed mechanism 4. Specifically, the grinding drive assembly 32 includes a housing 321. A grinding wheel shaft 322 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 321 via bearings. A motor is provided at the lower end of the grinding wheel shaft 322. The grinding wheel 33 is mounted on the grinding wheel shaft 322.

[0030] The tailstock assembly 44 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the Z-axis slide plate 41, and the headstock assembly 43 is slidably mounted on the upper end of the Z-axis slide plate 41 via a vertically arranged headstock guide rail mechanism 431. A third linear drive mechanism 432 is provided between the headstock assembly 43 and the Z-axis slide plate 41. Both the headstock assembly 43 and the tailstock assembly 44 are equipped with drive motors. In this embodiment, the first linear drive mechanism, the second linear drive mechanism, and the third linear drive mechanism 432 are all lead screw and nut mechanisms, and motors are connected to the lead screw and nut mechanisms.

[0031] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the grinding mechanism 3 includes a grinding base 34, on which a rotatably mounted pitch adjustment mechanism 35 is mounted. The grinding drive assembly 32 is mounted on the pitch adjustment mechanism 35. The grinding wheel 33 and the corresponding rotation axis of the pitch adjustment mechanism 35 are located at the same height, and the rotation axis is arranged radially along the grinding wheel 33 in the horizontal direction. Since the rotation axis is horizontal and radially arranged along the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel and the rotation axis are at the same height, the rotation of the pitch adjustment mechanism around the rotation axis will drive the grinding drive assembly and the grinding wheel to rotate as a whole, thereby adjusting the working angle between the grinding wheel and the workpiece to adapt to different types of thread grinding.

[0032] The grinding base 34 has a horizontally arranged rotary hole 341. The pitch adjustment mechanism 35 includes a rotary shaft 351 rotatably disposed within the rotary hole 341. The grinding base 34 has a pitch drive mechanism 352 for driving the rotary shaft 351 to rotate. The end of the rotary shaft 351 facing the feed mechanism 4 has a vertically arranged mounting plate 353, and the grinding drive assembly 32 is mounted on the mounting plate 353. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotary shaft 351 is cylindrical in shape and is rotatably mounted in the rotary hole 341 via a turntable bearing 354. The mounting plate 353 has a through-hole in the middle, and the grinding wheel 33 is located at the through-hole. An external gear ring 357 is fitted on the rotary shaft 351. The pitch drive mechanism 352 is a pitch drive motor mounted on the grinding base 34. The output end of the pitch drive motor is equipped with a drive gear via a reducer, and the drive gear meshes with the external gear ring 357.

[0033] The mounting plate 353 has a waterproof disc 355 coaxially arranged with the rotary shaft 351 on the side facing the grinding base 34. The waterproof disc 355 has a waterproof flange extending axially. The grinding base 34 has a waterproof groove 342 corresponding to the waterproof disc 355. The waterproof flange is embedded in the waterproof groove 342.

[0034] A locking cylinder 343 is provided on the grinding base 34, with the piston rod of the locking cylinder 343 facing the feed mechanism 4. The mounting plate 353 has a locking hole 356 through which the piston rod passes, and the locking hole 356 extends in an arc shape along the circumference of the rotating shaft 351. A locking block is installed at one end of the piston rod passing through the locking hole 356, and the locking block presses against the mounting plate 353 when the piston rod is retracted. In this embodiment, four locking cylinders 343 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating hole 341, and the locking holes 356 correspond one-to-one with the locking cylinders 343. Thus, after rotating the pitch adjustment mechanism to the required grinding angle, the piston rod of the locking cylinder can retract, fixing the position of the mounting plate and allowing the grinding wheel to perform grinding more stably.

[0035] In this embodiment, the column 2 extends along the length of the back side of the bed 1. The column 2 has a horizontally arranged first auxiliary guide mechanism on the side facing the grinding wheel assembly 3. The grinding wheel assembly 3 is slidably mounted on the first auxiliary guide mechanism via a slider. The first auxiliary guide mechanism is located near the top of the grinding wheel assembly 3. Connecting the upper end of the grinding wheel assembly to the column via the first auxiliary guide mechanism makes the grinding wheel assembly more stable, improves the rigidity of the grinding wheel assembly 3, enhances its stability during the grinding process, and helps ensure grinding accuracy.

[0036] The column 2 has an inwardly recessed mounting groove in its middle section. The bottom of the Z-axis slide plate 42 is mounted on the bottom of the mounting groove via the vertical guide rail mechanism 44. The mounting groove has vertically arranged second auxiliary guide rail mechanisms on both sides. The two sides of the Z-axis slide plate 42 are slidably fitted onto the second auxiliary guide rail mechanisms via sliders. By providing second auxiliary guide rail mechanisms on both sides of the mounting groove of the column 2, the sliding accuracy of the Z-axis slide plate 42 in the pitch direction can be improved, thereby helping to ensure grinding accuracy.

[0037] In this embodiment, two grinding mechanisms are respectively equipped with grinding wheels for rough thread grinding and grinding wheels for fine thread grinding, performing rough and fine thread grinding respectively. Both grinding wheels are CBN grinding wheels, which can accelerate the thread grinding efficiency and extend the service life of the grinding wheels for fine thread grinding. During loading and unloading, the first linear drive mechanism moves the two grinding mechanisms in opposite directions along the horizontal guide rail mechanism, making loading and unloading more convenient. The workpiece to be ground is clamped between the headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly, and the two grinding mechanisms are moved to the grinding position along the horizontal guide rail mechanism. During grinding, the headstock assembly and tailstock assembly drive the workpiece to rotate together, and the two grinding wheels are driven to rotate by the grinding drive assembly to grind the workpiece. Simultaneously, the second linear drive mechanism moves the Z-axis slide along the vertical guide rail mechanism. In this way, two grinding processes can be completed in one clamping operation using two grinding wheels, which can improve production efficiency, reduce the number of machines, and reduce the equipment footprint. By reducing the number of clamping operations, machining accuracy can be better guaranteed, and cumulative errors caused by the clamping process can be avoided.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical thread grinding machine, characterized in that, The system includes a bed (1) and a column (2) vertically arranged on the back side of the bed (1); the bed (1) has two grinding mechanisms (3) distributed along the length of the bed, the grinding mechanisms (3) being slidably mounted on the bed (1) via a horizontal guide rail mechanism (31) arranged along the length of the bed, and a first linear drive mechanism being provided between the grinding mechanisms (3) and the bed (1); a feed mechanism (4) is provided between the two grinding mechanisms (3), the feed mechanism (4) including a vertically arranged Z-axis slide (41), the Z-axis slide (41) The vertical guide rail mechanism (42) is slidably mounted on the column (2) through the vertically arranged vertical guide rail mechanism (42). A second linear drive mechanism is provided between the Z-axis slide plate (41) and the column (2). A headstock assembly (43) and a tailstock assembly (44) for clamping workpieces are vertically arranged on the Z-axis slide plate (41). The grinding mechanism (3) includes a grinding drive assembly (32) that is arranged vertically as a whole. The output end of the grinding drive assembly (32) is provided with a grinding wheel (33). The grinding wheel (33) is relatively protruding on the side facing the feed mechanism (4).

2. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding mechanism (3) includes a grinding base (34), on which a rotatable pitch adjustment mechanism (35) is provided, and the grinding drive assembly (32) is provided on the pitch adjustment mechanism (35); the grinding wheel (33) and the rotation axis of the corresponding pitch adjustment mechanism (35) are located at the same height, and the rotation axis is arranged radially along the grinding wheel (33) in the horizontal direction.

3. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The grinding base (34) has a horizontally arranged rotary hole (341), and the pitch adjustment mechanism (35) includes a rotary shaft (351) rotatably arranged in the rotary hole (341). The grinding base (34) has a pitch drive mechanism (352) for driving the rotary shaft (351) to rotate. The rotary shaft (351) has a vertically arranged mounting plate (353) at one end facing the feed mechanism (4), and the grinding drive assembly (32) is mounted on the mounting plate (353).

4. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary shaft (351) is cylindrical in shape and is rotatably mounted in the rotary hole (341) via a turntable bearing (354). The mounting plate (353) has a through clearance hole in the middle, and the grinding wheel (33) is located at the clearance hole.

5. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting plate (353) has a waterproof disc (355) coaxially arranged with the rotary shaft (351) on the side facing the grinding base (34). The waterproof disc (355) has a waterproof flange extending axially. The grinding base (34) has a waterproof groove (342) corresponding to the waterproof disc (355). The waterproof flange is embedded in the waterproof groove (342).

6. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A locking cylinder (343) is provided on the grinding base (34), and the piston rod of the locking cylinder (343) faces the feed mechanism (4); the mounting plate (353) has a locking hole (356) through which the piston rod passes, and the locking hole (356) extends in an arc shape along the circumference of the rotating shaft (351); a locking block is installed at one end of the piston rod that passes through the locking hole (356), and the locking block presses the mounting plate (353) tightly when the piston rod is in the retracted state.

7. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple locking cylinders (343) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary hole (341), and the locking holes (356) are arranged one-to-one with the locking cylinders (343).

8. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, An external gear ring (357) is fitted on the rotary shaft (351); the pitch drive mechanism (352) is a pitch drive motor mounted on the grinding base (34), and the output end of the pitch drive motor is equipped with a drive gear through a reducer, and the drive gear meshes with the external gear ring (357).

9. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tailstock assembly (44) is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis slide plate (41), and the headstock assembly (43) is slidably mounted on the Z-axis slide plate (41) via a vertically arranged headstock guide rail mechanism (431); a third linear drive mechanism (432) is provided between the headstock assembly (43) and the Z-axis slide plate (41); and a drive motor is provided inside both the headstock assembly (43) and the tailstock assembly (44).

10. The vertical thread grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding drive assembly (32) includes a housing (321), in which a grinding wheel shaft (322) is rotatably mounted via a bearing, and a motor is provided at the lower end of the grinding wheel shaft (322); the grinding wheel (33) is mounted on the grinding wheel shaft (322).

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