Pneumatic guide chuck for machining rod workpieces

Abstract

The pneumatic guide chuck comprises a clamping body, a plurality of chucks are arranged in the clamping body at intervals in the circumferential direction, each chuck is provided with an arc clamping face jointly forming a circular clamping cavity, and connected guide components are arranged between the arc clamping faces and a workpiece. The guide component forms a guide cavity smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece, and the guide component abuts against the arc clamping face and the workpiece under the radial movement effect of the chuck. A guide ring coaxial with the circular clamping cavity is arranged on the top side of the circular clamping cavity in a suspended mode, an inner hole of the guide ring is of a conical structure, and the inner diameter of the bottom end of the guide ring is the same as that of the circular clamping cavity. The guide component is arranged in the chuck, the guide component can guide the workpiece in the inserting and clamping process, the workpiece is driven to be coaxial with the chuck, then the workpiece can be kept vertical after being clamped, and therefore the machining precision of the workpiece is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of clamping technology for rod-type workpieces, and in particular to a pneumatic guide chuck for machining rod-type workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Rod-shaped workpieces are a common type of part in machining, ranging from large drive shafts to small screws. Large-diameter drive shafts and other shaft-shaped workpieces typically have long machining cycles and do not require frequent clamping. However, small rod-shaped workpieces like screws have short single-piece machining cycles and are produced in large quantities (usually in batch processing), thus requiring frequent clamping. Currently, the commonly used mechanical clamping fixture is the chuck clamping, where multiple circumferentially arranged jaws (usually three) simultaneously contact the outer wall of the workpiece to clamp and remove it. However, current machine tool chucks require a wrench to be rotated within a drive hole on the chuck's side wall to drive the radial movement of the multiple jaws, achieving workpiece clamping. This wrench-driven operation takes a considerable amount of time, resulting in significant machining time loss when clamping small rod-shaped workpieces, which is detrimental to improving the production efficiency of batch processing.

[0003] Currently, it is designed to adapt to the batch continuous processing of small rods, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, by modifying the traditional machine tool chuck into a pneumatically controlled structure, multiple jaws can be moved simultaneously via an air source, enabling rapid workpiece clamping. Compared to the current manual clamping using wrenches, this effectively improves processing efficiency and output. During operation, as... Figure 3 As shown, when inserting a rod-shaped workpiece, each chuck moves outward, making the clamping cavity formed by the multiple chucks larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece. After the workpiece is inserted, pneumatic action causes the multiple chucks to move radially simultaneously and abut against the outer wall of the workpiece, thus clamping it. However, during workpiece insertion, because the inner diameter of the clamping cavity formed by the chucks is larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece, and during manual insertion, there is axial misalignment of the workpiece (e.g., ...). Figure 4 As shown, the workpiece is not in a vertical position, and therefore, during the subsequent movement of the chuck, the workpiece surface comes into contact with the inner bottom surface of the clamping cavity. Figure 5 As shown at point c), even if the chuck contacts and clamps the workpiece, the bottom end of the workpiece contacts the bottom surface of the clamping cavity. As a result, the workpiece is subjected to resistance from the bottom end of the workpiece during the clamping process, and the workpiece still has a certain tilt after contacting the chuck, which affects the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this application aims to provide a pneumatic guide chuck for machining rod-type workpieces. This chuck can guide the workpiece during insertion and clamping, drive the workpiece to be coaxial with the chuck, and maintain the verticality of the workpiece after clamping, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a pneumatic guide chuck for machining rod-type workpieces, comprising a clamping body, wherein a plurality of chucks are arranged at circumferential intervals within the clamping body, each of the chucks having an arc-shaped clamping surface that together forms a circular clamping cavity, characterized in that: a connecting guide member is provided between the arc-shaped clamping surface and the workpiece, and the guide member forms a guide cavity smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece, and under the radial movement of the chuck, the guide member abuts against the arc-shaped clamping surface and the workpiece.

[0006] Preferably, the guide member is a spring sheet disposed on each of the arc clamping surfaces, and the inner diameter of the guide cavity formed by the bottoms of the plurality of spring sheets is smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, abutting blocks that reduce the deformation of the spring sheet are provided radially along both the top and bottom sides of the spring sheet.

[0008] Preferably, a guide ring coaxial with the top side of the circular clamping cavity is suspended, and the inner hole of the guide ring is tapered, and the inner diameter of the bottom end of the guide ring is the same as the inner diameter of the circular clamping cavity.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this application are: by setting a guide component inside the chuck, it can guide the workpiece during the insertion and clamping process, drive the workpiece to be coaxial with the chuck, and then maintain the verticality of the workpiece after clamping, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the current pneumatic chuck.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a top view of the pneumatic chuck.

[0012] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the current process of a pneumatic chuck clamping rod-shaped workpieces.

[0013] Figure 4 In order to be in Figure 3 The diagram shows that the workpiece is tilted after clamping due to human placement during the clamping process.

[0014] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0015] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the spring sheet structure is provided for this application.

[0016] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the contact between the workpiece and the spring sheet during the lowering process of this application.

[0017] Figure 8For the purpose of this application Figure 7 Continue lowering the workpiece based on the existing workpiece and guide it according to the diagram.

[0018] Figure 9 For the purpose of this application Figure 8 The diagram illustrates how a workpiece is clamped using a chuck.

[0019] Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the function of the anti-block limiting the deformation amplitude of the spring sheet in this application.

[0020] Figure 11 This diagram illustrates a small gap between the workpiece and the arc-shaped clamping surface of the chuck when the workpiece is placed.

[0021] Figure 12 A diagram illustrating the guide ring structure for this application is provided.

[0022] Figure 13 This diagram illustrates how the guide ring of this application pre-guides the workpiece.

[0023] In the diagram: 5 - support rod; 6 - rod-like workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions of this application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] See attached document Figures 1-13 The pneumatic guide chuck for machining rod-shaped workpieces, as shown, includes a clamping body 1. Multiple chucks 11 are arranged circumferentially within the clamping body 1. Each chuck 11 has an arc-shaped clamping surface 1a that collectively forms a circular clamping cavity a. When clamping a workpiece, the workpiece is inserted into the circular clamping cavity a. Then, through pneumatic action, each chuck 11 moves synchronously towards the center of the circle, causing each arc-shaped clamping surface 1a to contact the side wall of the workpiece, thereby achieving clamping.

[0026] To address the issue of workpieces being placed at an angle during manual placement, resulting in a slight deviation even after clamping by chuck 11 and affecting machining accuracy, as follows: Figure 6 As shown, a guide member is provided between the arc-shaped clamping surface 1a and the workpiece, and this guide member forms a guide cavity b smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece. Under the radial movement of the chuck 11, the guide member abuts against the arc-shaped clamping surface 1a and the workpiece. When clamping the workpiece, as... Figure 7-9As shown, the inner diameter of the space formed by the guide member is smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece. This means that the workpiece can contact the guide member when inserted, achieving vertical guidance of the workpiece in the contact state. Then, through the clamping action of the chuck 11, the guide member simultaneously abuts against the arc-shaped clamping surface 1a of the chuck 11 and the outer wall of the workpiece, thereby achieving workpiece clamping. In this operation, the guide member guides the workpiece before the chuck 11 clamps it, thus maintaining the verticality of the workpiece after it is clamped by the arc-shaped clamping surface 1a of the chuck 11, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 6-9 As shown, the guide member is a spring sheet 2 disposed on each of the arc-shaped clamping surfaces 1a, and the inner diameter of the guide cavity b formed by the bottoms of the plurality of spring sheets 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece. When clamping the workpiece, as... Figure 6 As shown, the inner diameter of the annular space formed by the bottom ends of the multiple spring plates 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece. Therefore, during workpiece insertion and clamping, the outer wall of the workpiece contacts the multiple spring plates 2 simultaneously, achieving vertical guidance of the workpiece. After workpiece insertion, pneumatic action drives the multiple chucks 11 to move towards the workpiece sidewall. During this movement, the spring plates 2 deform to a vertical state, thus being pressed against the workpiece and the arc-shaped clamping surface 1a of the chucks 11, achieving workpiece clamping. After the current workpiece is processed and disassembled, the spring plates 2 return to their original position. Figure 6 The guide state shown guides the next workpiece to be processed.

[0028] Because the spring plate 2 needs to be deformed to a vertical state during the workpiece clamping process, it will undergo significant deformation, affecting its guiding function after returning to its original position. Therefore, to solve this problem, as follows... Figure 10 As shown, abutment blocks 3, which reduce the deformation of the spring sheet 2, are radially extended from both the top and bottom sides of the spring sheet 2. During the process of guiding and clamping the workpiece using the spring sheet 2, the movement of the chuck 11 is achieved by the abutment blocks 3 abutting against the workpiece for clamping. Figure 10 As shown, the thickness of the abutment block 3 can reduce the deformation amplitude of the spring sheet 2, so that the spring sheet 2 can still achieve the contact guidance function of the workpiece through elastic deformation in the later stage.

[0029] To improve the clamping efficiency of the chuck 11, the gap between its arc-shaped clamping surface 1a and the workpiece sidewall is relatively small, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the radial movement of the chuck 11 reduces its travel stroke, thus enabling rapid clamping operations. However, a small gap makes it difficult to quickly and smoothly insert the workpiece. Therefore, to solve this problem, such as... Figure 12-13As shown, a guide ring 4, coaxial with the circular clamping cavity a, is suspended on the top side of the circular clamping cavity a. The inner hole of the guide ring 4 is tapered, and the inner diameter of the bottom end of the guide ring 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the circular clamping cavity a. The guide ring 4 is fixed to the clamping body 1 by a support rod and suspended on the top side of the arc-shaped clamping cavity a. The tapered inner hole of the guide ring 4 means that the inner diameter at the top end of the inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece, which facilitates the quick insertion of the workpiece into the guide ring 4. The inner diameter of the guide ring 4 gradually decreases downward, thus driving the workpiece to gradually become coaxial with the arc-shaped clamping cavity a, achieving a pre-guiding effect on the workpiece, facilitating the quick insertion of the workpiece into the arc-shaped clamping cavity a, and improving the clamping efficiency of the workpiece.

[0030] The principle of this application is as follows: When clamping a workpiece, the operator holds the workpiece and inserts the bottom end of the workpiece into the guide ring 4. Then, the workpiece is moved down and driven by the inner conical hole of the guide ring 4 to gradually align with the axial direction of the circular clamping cavity a. After the workpiece enters the circular clamping cavity a, it contacts the spring plate 2. Under the guidance of the spring plate 2, the workpiece and the chuck 11 are made coaxial. Then, the pneumatic action drives the chuck 11 to move synchronously toward the workpiece, and the abutment block 3 contacts the side wall of the workpiece, thereby achieving the clamping effect on the workpiece.

[0031] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Various changes and modifications may be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pneumatic guide chuck for machining rod-shaped workpieces, comprising a clamping body (1), wherein a plurality of chucks (11) are arranged circumferentially within the clamping body (1), each of the chucks (11) having an arc-shaped clamping surface (1a) that together constitutes a circular clamping cavity (a), characterized in that: A guide member is provided between the arc clamping surface (1a) and the workpiece, and the guide member forms a guide cavity (b) smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece. Under the radial movement of the chuck (11), the guide member abuts against the arc clamping surface (1a) and the workpiece.

2. The pneumatic guide chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide member is a spring sheet (2) disposed on each of the arc clamping surfaces (1a), and the inner diameter of the guide cavity (b) formed by the bottom of the plurality of spring sheets (2) is smaller than the outer diameter of the workpiece.

3. The pneumatic guide chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that: Abutting blocks (3) for reducing the deformation of the spring sheet (2) are provided radially along both the top and bottom sides of the spring sheet (2).

4. The pneumatic guide chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide ring (4) coaxial with the top side of the circular clamping cavity (a) is suspended, and the inner hole of the guide ring (4) is tapered, and the inner diameter of the bottom end of the guide ring (4) is the same as the inner diameter of the circular clamping cavity (a).

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