Heavy oil heating furnace
By adopting a branched feeding and merging discharge structure and a trapezoidal furnace design, the problem of coking in heavy oil heating furnaces has been solved, extending the operating cycle, reducing coking energy consumption, and improving temperature control flexibility and coking efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520341759.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing heavy oil heating furnaces are prone to coking at high temperatures, which leads to an increase in the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace tubes. The furnace must be shut down for coking removal, resulting in serious pollution, high energy consumption, and long coking removal cycles.
The structure adopts a branch feeding and combined discharge design, which is divided into a first radiation chamber and a second radiation chamber, which control the heating load of the low temperature section and the high temperature section respectively. Combined with the S-shaped reciprocating folding furnace tube and the trapezoidal structure, the flue gas recirculation is enhanced or weakened. The temperature is independently controlled, and high temperature steam and deoxygenated water are used for coke removal.
It extends the operating cycle of the heating furnace, reduces the energy consumption for decoking, reduces the area of coking zone, improves the flexibility of temperature control and the efficiency of decoking, and achieves an environmentally friendly and efficient decoking effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223837359U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of petrochemical technology, specifically to a heavy oil heating furnace. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing trend of heavy and deteriorating crude oil quality worldwide, the efficient utilization of heavy oil resources is an important issue facing the petrochemical industry. When the process of heavy oil processing requires a temperature above 350℃, tubular heaters are usually used for heating. When heavy oil is heated in the heater tubes, coking will occur on the inner wall of the tubes due to condensation reaction, which will cause the temperature of the outer wall of the tubes to rise. When the temperature of the tubes exceeds the allowable operating temperature, the furnace must be shut down and the coking removed.
[0003] In addition, with the increasing size of the equipment, large heavy oil heating furnaces adopt a symmetrical structural unit with multiple parallel feeding and discharging methods. For example, anti-viscosity cracking heating furnaces, delayed coking heating furnaces, and vacuum deep drawing heating furnaces all have the above characteristics.
[0004] Current methods for decoking heavy oil heating furnaces suffer from serious pollution, high energy consumption costs, and long decoking cycles, which are significant factors affecting their production utilization rate and operating costs.
[0005] Therefore, developing a heavy oil heating furnace that reduces coking and a coking removal method that is environmentally friendly, efficient, and low-cost are key technical issues that need to be addressed in the heavy oil processing process. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a heavy oil heating furnace.
[0007] The technical solution of this utility model is: a heavy oil heating furnace, including a furnace body, wherein a first radiation chamber and a second radiation chamber are provided in the furnace body, the first radiation chamber is provided with a first branch furnace tube, a second branch furnace tube and a first radiation burner, and the second radiation chamber is provided with a converging radiation furnace tube, wherein the converging radiation furnace tube is heated by the flue gas in the first radiation chamber or by a second radiation burner provided in the second radiation chamber.
[0008] The outlet ends of the first branch furnace tube and the second branch furnace tube are connected to the inlet end of the converging radiant furnace tube. The sum of the inner diameter cross-sectional areas of the first branch furnace tube and the second branch furnace tube is greater than the inner diameter cross-sectional area of the converging radiant furnace tube.
[0009] Each of the first branch furnace tube, the second branch furnace tube, and the converging radiant furnace tube is provided with a set of injection ports arranged at intervals, and the injection ports are connected to the injection pipeline.
[0010] Preferably, the top of the furnace body is provided with a convection chamber, the first radiation chamber and the second radiation chamber are connected to the convection chamber, and the convection chamber is provided with a set of convection furnace tubes respectively connected to the inlet ends of the first branch furnace tube and the second branch furnace tube.
[0011] Preferably, the first branch furnace tube, the second branch furnace tube, and the converging radiant furnace tube are all continuous S-shaped reciprocating folding structures, and the injection port is located at the bend of the S-shaped reciprocating folding structure.
[0012] Preferably, the first radiant chamber is divided into a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber, with the first branch furnace tube located in the first furnace chamber and the second branch furnace tube located in the second furnace chamber.
[0013] Preferably, the first radiation chamber and the second radiation chamber are arranged side by side, and the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged vertically and connected.
[0014] Preferably, the longitudinal sections of both the first and second furnace chambers are trapezoidal, and the longitudinal section of the second radiation chamber is an inverted trapezoidal.
[0015] Preferably, the second radiation chamber and the first radiation chamber are arranged vertically, the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged horizontally, and the tops of the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are connected to the bottom of the second radiation chamber.
[0016] Preferably, the longitudinal sections of both the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are trapezoidal.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:
[0018] This invention utilizes a heating furnace with a first and a second radiant chamber to distribute the heating temperature zones. The first radiant chamber uses a higher heat load to heat the heavy oil in the low-temperature section, keeping the temperature inside the first and second branch furnace tubes below the coking temperature and preventing coking from occurring inside the first and second branch furnace tubes. In the second radiant chamber, a lower heat load is used to heat the heavy oil in the high-temperature section, reducing the heat intensity of the furnace tubes and thus slowing down the coking rate in the high-temperature section furnace tubes, thereby extending the maintenance cycle of the heating furnace.
[0019] This invention improves the existing branched parallel feeding and discharging method into a branched feeding and merging discharging method, thereby increasing the flow velocity inside the radiant furnace tube. By increasing the flow velocity inside this high-temperature, easily coking furnace tube, the coking rate of the radiant furnace tube is slowed down, thus extending the operating cycle of the heating furnace. In addition, since heavy oil only cokes at the outlet end of the furnace tube, the branched feeding and merging discharging structure reduces the number of outlets, thereby reducing the area of the coking zone.
[0020] This invention features a furnace chamber with a trapezoidal cross-section in the first radiant chamber, which increases flue gas recirculation and enhances heat transfer. The second radiant chamber utilizes an inverted trapezoidal cross-section to reduce flue gas recirculation and lower the thermal intensity of the furnace tubes, thereby slowing down the coking rate of the furnace tubes in the high-temperature section and extending the furnace's operating cycle. Furthermore, the furnace tubes in both the first and second radiant chambers can be independently temperature-controlled in sections, significantly improving the flexibility of the furnace's temperature control operation.
[0021] This invention improves the existing branch parallel feeding and discharging method into a branch feeding and combined discharging method, and can also reduce the total steam consumption of furnace tubes during coke cleaning. Compared with the existing technology, it can achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse arrangement of the first and second radiation chambers of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal arrangement of the first and second radiation chambers of this utility model;
[0024] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body, 2. Convection chamber, 3. Convection furnace tube, 4. First branch furnace tube, 5. First furnace chamber, 6. Second furnace chamber, 7. First radiant chamber, 8. Second branch furnace tube, 9. First radiant burner, 10. Second radiant burner, 11. Second radiant chamber, 12. Converging radiant furnace tube. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1
[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A heavy oil heating furnace includes a furnace body 1, and a first radiation chamber 7 and a second radiation chamber 11 are provided inside the furnace body 1.
[0027] The first radiation chamber 7 is divided into a first furnace compartment 5 and a second furnace compartment 6. The first furnace compartment 5 is equipped with a first branch furnace tube 4, and the second furnace compartment 6 is equipped with a second branch furnace tube 8. The first radiation chamber 7 is also equipped with a first radiation burner 9 for heating the first branch furnace tube 4 and the second branch furnace tube 8.
[0028] The second radiation chamber 11 is equipped with a combined radiation furnace tube 12, which is heated by the flue gas from the first radiation chamber 7, or by a second radiation burner 10 installed in the second radiation chamber 11.
[0029] The outlet ends of the first branch furnace tube 4 and the second branch furnace tube 8 are connected to the inlet end of the converging radiant furnace tube 12. The sum of the inner diameter cross-sectional areas of the first branch furnace tube 4 and the second branch furnace tube 8 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the converging radiant furnace tube 12.
[0030] Each of the first branch furnace tube 4, the second branch furnace tube 8, and the converging radiant furnace tube 12 is provided with a set of injection ports arranged at intervals. The injection ports are connected to the injection pipeline. The first branch furnace tube 4, the second branch furnace tube 8, and the converging radiant furnace tube 12 are all continuous S-shaped reciprocating folding structures, and the injection points are set at the bends of the S-shaped reciprocating folding structures.
[0031] In use, heavy oil enters through the inlets of the first branch furnace tube 4 and the second branch furnace tube 8, and is heated by the first radiant burner 9. The first radiant chamber 7 uses a higher heat load to heat the low-temperature section of heavy oil, so that the heating temperature of the heavy oil is lower than the temperature at which coking can form, thus avoiding coking in the first branch furnace tube 4 and the second branch furnace tube 8.
[0032] After being heated once by the first branch furnace tube 4 and the second branch furnace tube 8, the heavy oil is combined and enters the combined radiant furnace tube 12. It is then heated a second time by the second radiant burner 10 and heated to the temperature required by the process before being discharged from the combined radiant furnace tube 12. In the second radiant chamber 11, the heavy oil in the high-temperature section is heated with a lower heat load to reduce the heat intensity of the furnace tube, thereby delaying the coking rate of the high-temperature section furnace tube and achieving the purpose of extending the maintenance cycle of the heating furnace.
[0033] This invention improves the existing branch parallel feeding and discharging method into a branch feeding and merging discharging method, thereby increasing the flow velocity inside the merging radiant furnace tube 12. By increasing the flow velocity inside this high-temperature, easily coking furnace tube, the coking rate of the merging radiant furnace tube 12 is slowed down, thus extending the operating cycle of the heating furnace. In addition, since heavy oil only cokes at the outlet end of the furnace tube, the branch feeding and merging discharging structure reduces the number of outlets, thereby reducing the area of the coking zone.
[0034] In addition, this utility model improves the existing branch parallel feeding and discharging method into a branch feeding and combined discharging method, which can also reduce the total steam consumption of furnace tubes during coke cleaning, and can achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction compared with the existing technology. Example 2
[0035] This embodiment is a further optimization based on the above embodiment, specifically:
[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top of the furnace body 1 is provided with a convection chamber 2. The first radiation chamber 7 and the second radiation chamber 11 are connected to the convection chamber 2. The flue gas from the first radiation chamber 7 and the second radiation chamber 11 is discharged from the furnace body 1 after passing through the convection chamber 2.
[0037] The convection chamber 2 is equipped with a set of convection furnace tubes 3 that are respectively connected to the inlet ends of the first branch furnace tube 4 and the second branch furnace tube 8.
[0038] When the heavy oil is fed into the heating furnace, the heavy oil first passes through the convection furnace tube 3. At this time, the flue gas from the first radiation chamber 7 and the second radiation chamber 11 can be used to preheat the heavy oil and recover the waste heat of the flue gas, thereby further reducing production energy consumption. Example 3
[0039] This embodiment classifies the layout of the first radiation chamber 7 and the second radiation chamber 11 based on the above embodiment, specifically into two types:
[0040] like Figure 1 The first layout is as follows: the first radiation chamber 7 and the second radiation chamber 11 are arranged side by side, and the first furnace chamber 5 and the second furnace chamber 6 are arranged vertically and connected.
[0041] The longitudinal sections of the first furnace chamber 5 and the second furnace chamber 6 are both trapezoidal, while the longitudinal section of the second radiation chamber 11 is an inverted trapezoidal.
[0042] This structure requires a second radiation heater to be installed in the second radiation chamber 11 to heat its confluence furnace tubes.
[0043] like Figure 2 The second layout is that the second radiation chamber 11 and the first radiation chamber 7 are arranged vertically, the first furnace chamber 5 and the second furnace chamber 6 are arranged horizontally, and the tops of the first furnace chamber 5 and the second furnace chamber 6 are connected to the bottom of the second radiation chamber 11.
[0044] The longitudinal sections of both the first furnace compartment 5 and the second furnace compartment 6 are trapezoidal.
[0045] This structure eliminates the need for a second radiation heater to be installed in the second radiation chamber 11 to heat the combined radiation furnace tube 12, which is heated by the flue gas from the first radiation chamber 7.
[0046] In this embodiment, the first radiation chamber 7 adopts a furnace with a positive trapezoidal cross-section structure, which can increase the flue gas recirculation and enhance heat transfer; the second radiation chamber 11 uses a furnace with an inverted trapezoidal cross-section structure to weaken the flue gas recirculation and reduce the thermal intensity of the furnace tubes, thereby delaying the coking rate of the furnace tubes in the high-temperature section and achieving the purpose of extending the operating cycle of the heating furnace.
[0047] In addition, the furnace tubes in the first radiation chamber 7 and the second radiation chamber 11 can be independently temperature controlled in sections, which significantly improves the flexibility of temperature control operation of the heating furnace.
[0048] In addition, during the coke removal process of this utility model, high-temperature steam, deoxygenated water and hydrogen peroxide are injected through the injection port respectively. The high-temperature steam, together with the deoxygenated water and hydrogen peroxide injected into the combined radiant furnace tube, causes the hydrogen peroxide to vaporize rapidly in the combined radiant furnace tube. The strong oxidation effect at high temperature oxidizes the coke remaining on the surface of the furnace tube into a loose coke layer.
[0049] At the same time, the large temperature gradient and expansion impact force generated by the rapid vaporization of deoxygenated water improve the coking effect of the furnace tube, thereby improving the coking effect and reducing the energy consumption of the coking process, making the coking process more convenient and faster.
[0050] This utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this utility model, and the changed content still falls within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A heavy oil heating furnace, comprising a furnace body, characterized in that: The furnace body is provided with a first radiation chamber and a second radiation chamber. The first radiation chamber is provided with a first branch furnace tube, a second branch furnace tube and a first radiation burner. The second radiation chamber is provided with a converging radiation furnace tube. The converging radiation furnace tube is heated by the flue gas in the first radiation chamber or by a second radiation burner installed in the second radiation chamber. The outlet ends of the first branch furnace tube and the second branch furnace tube are connected to the inlet end of the converging radiant furnace tube. The sum of the inner diameter cross-sectional areas of the first branch furnace tube and the second branch furnace tube is greater than the inner diameter cross-sectional area of the converging radiant furnace tube. Each of the first branch furnace tube, the second branch furnace tube, and the converging radiant furnace tube is provided with a set of injection ports arranged at intervals, and the injection ports are connected to the injection pipeline.
2. The heavy oil heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the furnace body is provided with a convection chamber, and the first radiation chamber and the second radiation chamber are connected to the convection chamber. The convection chamber is provided with a set of convection furnace tubes that are respectively connected to the inlet ends of the first branch furnace tube and the second branch furnace tube.
3. The heavy oil heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first branch furnace tube, the second branch furnace tube, and the converging radiant furnace tube are all continuous S-shaped reciprocating folding structures, and the injection port is located at the bend of the S-shaped reciprocating folding structure.
4. A heavy oil heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiant chamber is divided into a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber. The first branch furnace tube is located in the first furnace chamber, and the second branch furnace tube is located in the second furnace chamber.
5. A heavy oil heating furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first radiation chamber and the second radiation chamber are arranged side by side, and the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged vertically and connected.
6. A heavy oil heating furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal sections of both the first and second furnace chambers are trapezoidal, while the longitudinal section of the second radiation chamber is an inverted trapezoidal.
7. A heavy oil heating furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second radiation chamber and the first radiation chamber are arranged vertically, the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are arranged horizontally, and the tops of the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are connected to the bottom of the second radiation chamber.
8. A heavy oil heating furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the first and second furnace chambers have a trapezoidal longitudinal section.