Sensor applied to temperature measurement of bearing of aerospace vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sensor applied to temperature measurement of a bearing of an aerospace vehicle, which relates to the technical field of sensors and comprises a circuit board unit, and the circuit board unit is designed by adopting a printed circuit board (PCB); the sensor is arranged on the circuit board unit and used for being attached to the bearing so as to detect the temperature of the inner ring, the outer ring or other heating points when the high-speed bearing runs; the temperature measuring chip unit is arranged on the circuit board unit; the matching element is arranged on the circuit board unit; and the antenna unit is arranged on the circuit board unit. According to the utility model, the temperature of each heating point of the inner ring, the retainer and the outer ring can be directly measured when the high-speed bearing operates. The sensor adopts an annular design, can be adapted to temperature measurement of parts such as a high-speed bearing inner ring, a retainer and an outer ring, solves the problem of direct measurement of a bearing temperature field in a bearing design or test process, can be applied to a bearing design stage, and also can be applied to aerospace engines as a matched bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sensors, and more particularly to a sensor used for measuring the temperature of aerospace bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft and spacecraft engines represent the pinnacle of modern industrial technology, and bearings play a crucial role in these engines, often referred to as their heart. Aircraft engine bearings are characterized by high speeds, high operating temperatures, and complex loads; they can reach speeds of up to 30,000 revolutions per minute and temperatures of up to 1500°C.

[0003] With the development of my country's aviation industry, the service life of aerospace bearings has increased from the initial 3,000 hours to 50,000 hours, which is inseparable from the continuous improvement of bearing materials, operating characteristics, and processing technology. During the bearing design phase, it is necessary to analyze bearing operating parameters such as temperature field and vibration characteristics, among which temperature field characteristics are a crucial parameter. Because bearings operate at high speeds, directly measuring bearing temperature is challenging. Traditional bearing temperature measurements often employ indirect methods. These methods cannot accurately obtain the temperatures of important heat sources such as the inner ring, cage, and outer ring, thus failing to accurately map the bearing's operating temperature field and providing inaccurate data for bearing design optimization. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing sensors that cannot provide accurate data references, and to propose a sensor for measuring the temperature of aerospace bearings.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A sensor for measuring the temperature of aerospace bearings, comprising a circuit board unit, wherein the circuit board unit adopts a printed circuit board (PCB) design;

[0007] A sensor, mounted on the circuit board unit, is attached to the bearing to detect the temperature of the inner ring, outer ring, or other heat-generating points during the operation of the high-speed bearing.

[0008] A temperature sensing chip unit is disposed on the circuit board unit and is used to receive and process temperature signals from the sensor.

[0009] A matching element is disposed on the circuit board unit and connected to the temperature measuring chip unit to realize signal matching and transmission;

[0010] An antenna unit, mounted on the circuit board unit, is connected to the temperature measuring chip unit or a matching element for wirelessly transmitting processed temperature data.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature measuring chip unit is provided with an interdigital transducer and a reflective grating.

[0012] Preferably, the antenna unit includes a flexible connection unit, a rotating antenna, and a transmitting unit. One end of the flexible connection unit is connected to the circuit board unit, and the other end of the flexible connection unit is fixedly provided with the transmitting unit, which contains the rotating antenna.

[0013] Preferably, the antenna unit adopts a PCB circuit board copper-layout trace process.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This invention utilizes surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensing technology to directly measure the temperature of various heating points on the inner ring, cage, and outer ring of a high-speed bearing during operation. The sensor employs a ring design, making it suitable for temperature measurement of the inner ring, cage, and outer ring of high-speed bearings. This solves the problem of directly measuring the bearing temperature field during bearing design or testing, and can be applied in the bearing design stage or used as a supporting bearing in aerospace engines. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board unit structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the circuit board unit of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the temperature measuring chip unit of this utility model.

[0020] The numbers in the diagram are: 1. Circuit board unit; 11. Temperature measurement chip unit; 13. Sensor; 2. Matching element; 3. Antenna unit; 31. Flexible connection unit; 32. Rotating antenna; 33. Transmitting unit; 100. Interdigital transducer; 111. Reflector grating. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Example: This example provides a sensor for measuring the temperature of aerospace vehicle bearings. See [link to example]. Figure 1-3 Specifically, it includes circuit board unit 1, which adopts a printed circuit board (PCB) design and serves as the substrate and structural support for sensor 13. Temperature sensing chip unit 11, matching element 2, and antenna unit 3 are arranged on it. The circuit board thickness is 1.6mm or other specifications.

[0023] Sensor 13 is mounted on circuit board unit 1 and is attached to the bearing to detect the temperature of the inner ring, outer ring or other heat points of the high-speed bearing during operation.

[0024] Temperature sensing chip unit 11 is disposed on circuit board unit 1 and is used to receive and process temperature signals from sensor 13. Temperature sensing chip unit 11 is model SAW.

[0025] Matching element 2 is disposed on circuit board unit 1 and connected to temperature measuring chip unit 11. It is used to realize signal matching and transmission. Matching element 2 is connected to antenna unit 3 and ground point, and is used for impedance matching of temperature measuring chip unit 11.

[0026] Antenna unit 3 is mounted on circuit board unit 1 and connected to temperature measuring chip unit 11 or matching element 2 for wireless transmission of processed temperature data.

[0027] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 3 As shown, the temperature sensing chip unit 11 internally includes an interdigital transducer 100 and a reflective grating 111. The temperature sensing chip unit 11 adopts a resonant working principle, using piezoelectric ceramic material as the chip substrate. Interdigital electrodes and reflective gratings 111 are etched onto the surface of the piezoelectric substrate using semiconductor photolithography. The temperature sensing chip unit 11 internally contains an interdigital transducer 100, which serves as both an input and output transducer. The reflective gratings 111 are located on both sides of the interdigital transducer 100, forming a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonant cavity. The interdigital transducer 100 performs the mutual conversion between sound and electricity. Its working principle is as follows: an external excitation signal is applied to the input interdigital transducer 100, which converts the electrical signal into a surface acoustic wave. The SAW propagates along the surface of the piezoelectric crystal to both sides, is reflected and superimposed by the reflective gratings 111 on both sides, and is output through the interdigital transducer 100. This resonator structure is well-suited for passive wireless temperature detection.

[0028] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the antenna unit 3 includes a flexible connection unit 31, a rotating antenna 32, and a transmitting unit 33. One end of the flexible connection unit 31 is connected to the circuit board unit 1, and the other end of the flexible connection unit 31 is fixedly provided with the transmitting unit 33. The transmitting unit 33 is provided with a rotating antenna 32 for wirelessly transmitting processed temperature data.

[0029] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, antenna unit 3 adopts PCB circuit board copper trace technology. The trace length can be adjusted according to the working frequency of sensor 13. The nominal center frequency of antenna unit 3 is 460MHz±10MHz, and the standing wave ratio SWR<3.0dbi.

[0030] Furthermore, sensor 13 has a ring structure, and the external dimensions of the temperature sensing ring are determined according to the location of the bearing being tested. It can be installed on the inner ring, bearing cage, or outer ring of the bearing. Sensor 13 and bearing are fitted together by adhesive bonding or tooling clamping. The ring structure of sensor 13 ensures stability during high-speed rotation with the bearing and does not affect the dynamic balance of the bearing. When installing sensor 13 on the bearing, first apply adhesive to the bottom of circuit board unit 1, then attach it to the temperature sensing part of the bearing and keep it pressed for a period of time. Alternatively, sensor 13 and bearing can be directly pressed together by tooling. After sensor 13 is installed, place antenna transmission unit, temperature acquisition unit, and monitoring host computer near the bearing being tested. Antenna transmission unit is connected to the antenna port of temperature acquisition unit via coaxial RF cable. Temperature acquisition unit is connected and communicates with monitoring host computer via RS485 communication interface or other forms of communication bus interface.

[0031] The working principle is as follows: When installing the sensor 13 for temperature measurement, first apply adhesive to the bottom of the circuit board unit 1, then attach it to the part to be measured on the bearing and press it firmly for a period of time; if tooling is used for fixing, it is directly fixed to the part to be measured on the bearing by working clamping method.

[0032] After sensor 13 is installed, the antenna transmission unit is arranged according to the bearing test site. The antenna transmission unit is within 10cm of sensor 13 to ensure the strength of wireless signal transmission and reception. The antenna transmission unit is connected to the temperature acquisition unit through an RF coaxial cable. The temperature acquisition unit is connected to the monitoring host computer through an RS485 bus or other communication bus.

[0033] After system installation, the monitoring host computer system needs to be started, and the signal debugging program needs to be run to debug the signal of sensor 13. By manually and slowly rotating the bearing one full turn, the position where the signal of sensor 13 is the strongest is found. Then, the attenuation control function in the debugging program is used to control the signal of sensor 13 to ensure that the signal strength of sensor 13 is between 0 and 35 dBm. Finally, the debugging program is closed and the system is started.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A sensor for measuring the temperature of aerospace bearings, characterized in that, include: Circuit board unit (1), wherein the circuit board unit (1) adopts a printed circuit board (PCB) design; Sensor (13) is disposed on the circuit board unit (1) for attaching to the bearing to detect the temperature of the inner ring, outer ring or other heat points when the high-speed bearing is running; A temperature sensing chip unit (11) is disposed on the circuit board unit (1) and is used to receive and process temperature signals from the sensor (13); Matching element (2) is disposed on the circuit board unit (1) and connected to the temperature measuring chip unit (11) to realize signal matching and transmission; The antenna unit (3) is disposed on the circuit board unit (1) and connected to the temperature measuring chip unit (11) or the matching element (2) for wireless transmission of processed temperature data.

2. The sensor for measuring the temperature of aerospace bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature measuring chip unit (11) is equipped with an interdigital transducer (100) and a reflective grating (111).

3. The sensor for measuring the temperature of aerospace bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna unit (3) includes a flexible connection unit (31), a rotating antenna (32) and a transmitting unit (33). One end of the flexible connection unit (31) is connected to the circuit board unit (1), and the other end of the flexible connection unit (31) is fixedly provided with the transmitting unit (33). The transmitting unit (33) is provided with the rotating antenna (32).

4. The sensor for measuring the temperature of aerospace bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna unit (3) adopts the PCB circuit board copper laying trace process.

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