Plasma torch anode water cooling structure, anode assembly and plasma torch

Abstract

The utility model provides a plasma torch anode water cooling structure, an anode assembly and a plasma torch, and relates to the technical field of thermal plasma treatment. The plasma torch anode water cooling structure comprises an anode disc, wherein a sinking groove is formed in one side of the anode disc; a boss is arranged on the other side of the anode disc, a mounting through hole penetrating in the axial direction is formed in the boss, and the mounting through hole is communicated with the sinking groove; the mounting through hole is provided with a first hole section and a second hole section which are sequentially communicated; the first inner diameter of the first hole section is larger than the second inner diameter of the second hole section; the mounting through hole is used for accommodating part of the anode, the anode is hermetically connected with the second hole section, and a first gap is formed between the anode and the first hole section; the first hole section and the sinking groove jointly form a part of the cooling cavity; a first water inlet is formed in the side wall of the anode disc and communicates with the sinking groove. The water cooling structure can provide a larger water storage space, take away more heat and ensure the working stability and durability of the anode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of thermal plasma treatment technology, specifically to a plasma torch anode water-cooling structure, an anode assembly, and a plasma torch. Background Technology

[0002] The purification of organic waste gas is divided into recovery-type technologies and destruction-type technologies. Recovery-type technologies include absorption, adsorption, condensation, and separation; while destruction-type technologies include combustion, biodegradation, photocatalysis, plasma, and ozone. Among these, the working principle of a plasma torch mainly involves using high-voltage electricity to break down nitrogen gas, converting nitrogen molecules into plasma, which then forms a flame. This process does not require any chemical fuels but directly converts electrical energy into a flame; thermal plasma is a high-temperature, ionized, and conductive gaseous state generated by the contact of gas and an electric arc. Generating high-temperature gas through an electric arc allows operation in oxidizing, reducing, or inert environments, providing a heat source for various functions such as gasification, cracking, reaction, melting, and smelting.

[0003] However, since plasma torches generally use nitrogen as the working gas, nitrogen ions are ionized by ionizing the charged nitrogen gas to generate a high-temperature ion flow. However, during this operation, the cathode and anode may melt at high temperatures, which will affect the normal operation of the plasma torch and reduce its service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a plasma torch anode water-cooling structure, anode assembly, and plasma torch, which can provide a larger water storage space around the anode, increase the amount of cooling water around the anode, thereby removing more heat and ensuring the stability and durability of the anode operation.

[0005] The embodiments of this utility model can be implemented as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of this utility model provides a water-cooled anode structure for a plasma torch, comprising:

[0007] A recessed groove is provided on one side of the anode disk; a boss is provided on the other side of the anode disk, and the boss has an axially penetrating mounting hole that communicates with the recessed groove.

[0008] The mounting through hole has a first hole segment and a second hole segment connected in sequence; the first inner diameter of the first hole segment is larger than the second inner diameter of the second hole segment; the mounting through hole is used to accommodate the anode portion, and the anode is sealed to the second hole segment, with a first gap between the anode and the first hole segment; the first hole segment and the settling tank together form part of the cooling chamber;

[0009] The anode plate has a first water inlet on its side wall, and the first water inlet is connected to the settling tank.

[0010] In the above embodiment, by setting a settling tank, cooling water can be stored in the settling tank after entering the anode plate. A boss with a mounting through hole is provided in the anode plate, which can be used to fix the anode. Furthermore, by designing the mounting through hole to have a first hole segment and a second hole segment connected in sequence, a first gap exists between the anode and the first hole segment. Cooling water can flow from the settling tank along the first gap to a portion of the anode surface, and the cooling water can fill the cooling chamber, increasing the amount of cooling water around the anode, improving the cooling efficiency at the anode, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the anode's operation and extending its service life.

[0011] An embodiment of this utility model also provides an anode assembly, including an anode and the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure described in the above embodiments, wherein the anode is partially housed within the mounting through hole.

[0012] In the above embodiment, a cooling chamber is formed by setting a settling tank on the anode plate, in which cooling water can be stored and accumulated. In addition, a first placement hole is opened on the bottom surface of the settling tank, which allows the anode part to be located in the cooling chamber, thereby increasing the amount of cooling water around the anode, improving the cooling efficiency at the anode, and thus ensuring the stability and durability of the anode's operation and extending the anode's service life.

[0013] An embodiment of this utility model also provides a plasma torch, including a cathode assembly and an anode assembly as described in the above embodiments; the cathode assembly is connected to the anode disk.

[0014] In the above embodiments, the plasma torch has the same function as the anode assembly described above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure, anode assembly, and plasma torch of this utility model embodiment include:

[0016] The plasma torch anode water-cooling structure includes an anode disk with a recessed groove forming a cooling chamber. A first placement hole is provided on the bottom surface of the recessed groove to position the anode portion within the cooling chamber. This first placement hole is used to fix the anode. A first water inlet is provided on the side wall of the recessed groove, communicating with the cooling chamber. By creating a recessed groove on the anode disk to form a cooling chamber, cooling water can be stored within it after entering the anode disk. Furthermore, the first placement hole on the bottom surface of the recessed groove, used to fix the anode, ensures that the anode portion is located within the cooling chamber, thereby increasing the amount of cooling water around the anode, improving the cooling efficiency at the anode, and thus ensuring the stability and durability of the anode's operation, extending its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plasma torch provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the provided plasma torch;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram from a first-view perspective of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram from a second perspective of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure with an anode cover provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure with an anode cover plate is provided.

[0024] Icons: 1000 - Plasma torch; 100 - Anode assembly; 110 - Plasma torch anode water-cooling structure; 111 - Anode plate; 1111 - Settling tank; 112 - Boss; 113 - Mounting through hole; 1131 - First hole section; 1132 - Second hole section; 1133 - Third hole section; 114 - First gap; 115 - Cooling chamber; 116 - First water inlet; 117 - Protrusion; 1171 - Mounting hole; 118 - Second gap; 119 - Anode cover plate; 1191- First outlet; 120- Anode; 200- Cathode assembly; 210- Outer cover plate of cathode; 220- Inner cover plate of cathode; 221- Through hole; 230- Cathode; 300- Water injection pipe; 310- Inner pipe; 320- Outer pipe; 330- Water injection channel; 340- Outlet channel; 350- Second inlet; 360- Second outlet; 400- Insulation assembly; 410- Working gas connector; 420- Rotary nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0031] In the semiconductor industry, a large amount of chemicals and special gases are used in production processes, continuously generating large quantities of toxic and harmful process waste gases. These process waste gases need to be collected, treated, and discharged simultaneously with the production process. Waste gas treatment systems and equipment are an integral part of the customer's production process, and their safety and stability directly affect the customer's capacity utilization, product yield, employee occupational health, and the ecological environment. Therefore, electronic waste gas treatment equipment is widely used on production lines to treat the waste gases generated by various processes. The purification of organic waste gases is divided into recovery and destruction technologies. Recovery technologies include absorption, adsorption, condensation, and separation; while destruction technologies include combustion, biodegradation, photocatalysis, plasma, and ozone. The working principle of a plasma torch mainly involves breaking down nitrogen gas with high-voltage electricity, converting nitrogen molecules into plasma, which forms a flame. This process does not require any chemical fuel but directly converts electrical energy into a flame; thermal plasma is a high-temperature, ionized, and conductive gaseous state generated by the contact of gas and an electric arc. High-temperature gases are generated using an electric arc, allowing operation in oxidizing, reducing, or inert environments. This provides a heat source for various functions such as gasification, pyrolysis, reaction, melting, and smelting. Plasma combustion equipment is a destruction-type technology. Relatively high-temperature waste gas byproducts undergo chemical reactions through flame combustion within the reaction chamber. Over 99% of the harmful gases are transformed into non-toxic, harmless high-temperature gases through oxidation and reduction reactions. These gases are then cooled to normal temperatures by water spraying from a water tank and a scrubbing tower. Some gases, due to their inherent chemical properties, combine with water, producing dust which is washed away along with wastewater and discharged. Other gases, after cooling, are extracted by the plant's exhaust system and treated by a scrubbing tower before being released into the atmosphere as clean exhaust gas.

[0032] The core technology of plasma combustion water washing type POU equipment is the efficiency of waste gas treatment. After the waste gas enters the equipment through the exhaust pipe, it undergoes a chemical reaction through plasma combustion, which changes the gas composition. Some of the gas reacts to produce dust, which is filtered, washed with water, and discharged through the drainage pipe. The remaining gas undergoes a reaction and is washed with water to become low-temperature non-toxic gas, which is then treated by the plant's scrubbing tower before being discharged into the atmosphere.

[0033] However, since plasma torches generally use nitrogen as the working gas, nitrogen ions are ionized by ionizing the charged nitrogen gas to generate a high-temperature ion flow. However, during this operation, the cathode and anode may melt at high temperatures, which will affect the normal operation of the plasma torch and reduce its service life.

[0034] Based on this, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 provided in the embodiments of this utility model can effectively improve the aforementioned technical problems. This plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 can provide a larger water storage space around the anode 120, increasing the amount of cooling water around the anode 120, thereby removing more heat and ensuring the stability and durability of the anode 120's operation. This plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 is applied to the anode assembly 100, which can be applied to the plasma torch 1000. Components and devices with this water-cooling structure all have the same functions as described above, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plasma torch 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Please refer to the provided cross-sectional schematic diagram of the plasma torch 1000. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the plasma torch 1000 includes a cathode assembly 200 and an anode assembly 100, with the anode disks 111 of the cathode assembly 200 and anode assembly 100 connected. The cathode assembly 200 and anode assembly 100 together form a sealed chamber, in which a cathode 230 and anode 120 are installed. By introducing a working gas, such as nitrogen, into the sealed chamber, the plasma torch 1000 is activated to process the gas. Simultaneously, during operation, cooling water is introduced into the cooling water channels of the cathode assembly 200 and anode assembly 100 to reduce the temperature of the cathode 230 and anode 120, thereby meeting operational requirements and extending the service life of the cathode 230 and anode 120.

[0036] Please continue reading. Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the cathode assembly 200 includes an outer cathode cover plate 210, an inner cathode cover plate 220, and a cathode 230. The outer cathode cover plate 210 is fitted over the inner cathode cover plate 220 and is connected to the anode disk 111. The inner cathode cover plate 220 has a through hole 221. The cathode 230 is connected to the inner cathode cover plate 220 and is positioned close to the anode disk 111. The cathode 230 can be connected to the inner cathode cover plate 220 via a mounting component. The mounting component has a water flow hole that communicates with the through hole 221 of the inner cathode cover plate 220. The mounting component can be made of a material with good corrosion resistance and strength, such as brass. The mounting component is connected to the inner cathode cover plate 220 by screws or other threaded fasteners, or by welding or other methods. The mounting component has a threaded hole and is threadedly connected to the cathode 230. Alternatively, the mounting component can be connected and fixed to the cathode 230 by snap-fit ​​or other methods. Furthermore, the external structure of the cathode assembly 200 for mounting the cathode 230 can be designed as an integrated structure, as long as it has a cathode 230 mounting cavity and a water-cooling channel. The specific structural form of the cathode assembly 200 is not limited here.

[0037] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, the plasma torch 1000 also includes an insulating component 400, through which the cathode 230 and anode 120 are connected. Specifically, the insulating component 400 includes a working gas connector 410 and a rotating nozzle 420. The working gas connector 410 is disposed between the cathode 230 and the anode 120, and an outlet is provided on the side of the working gas connector 410 near the anode 120; the outlet communicates with the anode 120. An inlet is provided on the side wall of the working gas connector 410, and the inlet and outlet communicate with each other. To ensure that the incoming working gas flows evenly into the anode 120, a rotating nozzle 420 is provided inside the working gas connector 410. The rotating nozzle ensures that the incoming working gas forms a vortex-shaped airflow, and allows this airflow to generate a large amount of high-temperature plasma gas under the action of the electric arc, which reacts with the anode 120 and the special gas at high temperature, converting toxic and harmful gases into non-toxic and harmless gases or solids, ensuring the effective treatment of the special gas. In this embodiment, the working gas is nitrogen. Of course, other inert gases can also be introduced, and this is not limited here.

[0038] To ensure sufficient cooling after the cooling water enters the cathode 230, please refer to the following: Figure 2In this embodiment, the plasma torch 1000 also includes a water injection pipe 300, which is installed at the through hole 221. The water injection pipe 300 includes an inner pipe 310 and an outer pipe 320, with the outer pipe 320 sleeved outside the inner pipe 310, and the length of the inner pipe 310 being greater than the length of the outer pipe 320. A water injection channel 330 is formed inside the inner pipe 310, and the outer wall of the inner pipe 310 and the inner wall of the outer pipe 320 form a water outlet channel 340. The water injection pipe 300 has a second inlet 350 and a second outlet 360, with the second inlet 350 communicating with the water injection channel 330 and the second outlet 360 communicating with the water outlet channel 340. To prolong the residence time of the cooling water at the cathode 230 and enable sufficient heat exchange at the cathode 230, in this embodiment, the second inlet 350 and the second outlet 360 are located at the same end of the water injection pipe 300 away from the cathode 230. After the cooling water flows from the second inlet 350 to the cathode 230, it must return along the same path, extending the flow path of the cooling water. Cooling water is injected through the top second inlet 350, then discharged through the outlet channel 340 of the water injection pipe 300, and finally exited through the second outlet 360, thus achieving the purpose of circulating cooling of the main heating area of ​​the cathode 230. Alternatively, the water injection pipe 300 may be omitted, and the second inlet 350 and the second outlet 360 may be provided on the inner and outer cover plates or mounting components of the cathode assembly 200, depending on the actual situation; no specific limitation is made here.

[0039] In this embodiment, the anode assembly 100 includes an anode 120 and a plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110, with the anode 120 partially housed in the mounting through hole 113. Of course, the anode assembly 100 may also include structures such as sealing rings, depending on the actual installation and intended function, and is not limited here.

[0040] The plasma torch anode water-cooled structure 110 is described in detail below.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram from a first-view perspective of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram from a second perspective of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 provided in an embodiment of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 in this embodiment includes an anode disk 111, a sink 1111 is provided on one side of the anode disk 111; a boss 112 is provided on the other side of the anode disk 111, and a mounting through hole 113 is provided on the boss 112 through the axial direction, the mounting through hole 113 communicating with the sink 1111; the mounting through hole 113 has a first hole section 1131 and a second hole section 1132 connected in sequence; the first inner diameter of the first hole section 1131 is larger than the second inner diameter of the second hole section 1132; the mounting through hole 113 is used to accommodate a portion of the anode 120, and the anode 120 is sealed to the second hole section 1132, and a first gap 114 is provided between the anode 120 and the first hole section 1131; the first hole section 1131 and the sink 1111 together form part of the cooling chamber 115; a first water inlet 116 is provided on the side wall of the anode disk 111, and the first water inlet 116 communicating with the sink 1111. By setting up a settling tank 1111, cooling water can be stored in the settling tank 1111 after entering the anode plate 111.

[0042] By providing a boss 112 on one side of the anode disk 111, the boss 112 is provided with a mounting through hole 113, and the mounting through hole 113 is designed to have a first hole segment 1131 and a second hole segment 1132 connected in sequence. There is a first gap 114 between the anode 120 and the first hole segment 1131. Cooling water can flow from the settling tank 1111 along the first gap 114 to the surface of part of the anode. The cooling water can fill the cooling chamber 115 to increase the amount of cooling water around the anode 120, improve the cooling efficiency at the anode 120, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the anode 120's operation and extending the service life of the anode 120.

[0043] Please continue reading. Figure 3 and Figure 4 To quickly and easily fix the anode 120, the mounting through hole 113 in this embodiment also has a third hole segment 1133, which is adjacent to the second hole segment 1132. The third inner diameter of the third hole segment 1133 is smaller than the second inner diameter of the second hole segment 1132. The axial end face of the anode 120 abuts against the third hole segment 1133. The anode 120 abuts against the third hole segment 1133 through its end face and is sealed to the second hole segment 1132 through its side, allowing the anode 120 to be directly inserted into the mounting through hole 113 and fixed in place, making installation quick and convenient. Of course, a retaining structure can also be provided in the third hole segment 1133 to fix the anode 120 by snap-fit. The fixing method between the anode disc 111 and the anode 120 can be determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0044] Furthermore, to ensure the airtightness of the cooling chamber 115, i.e., to prevent cooling water from flowing out of the cooling chamber 115 through the axially penetrating mounting hole 113 after the anode 120 is installed, the second hole section 1132 in this embodiment is formed with an annular groove to accommodate the sealing element. The sealing element is a high-temperature resistant sealing element to meet operational requirements, and the specific material used to make the sealing element is not limited here.

[0045] To ensure turbulent flow of the cooling water in the cooling chamber 115, increasing the contact between the cooling water and the anode 120 and improving heat exchange efficiency, please refer to [further details needed]. Figure 3 In this embodiment, the sink 1111 is provided with multiple protrusions 117, which are spaced apart and surround the mounting through hole 113. Each protrusion 117 has a second gap 118 between itself and the mounting through hole 113. The multiple protrusions 117 divide the cooling chamber 115 into multiple small chambers. Cooling water flows into one of the small chambers from the first inlet 116, and then flows along the second gap 118 to the other small chambers, filling the cooling chamber 115 and ensuring that the anode 120 is surrounded by cooling water. The arrangement of multiple protrusions 117 changes the flow path of the cooling water in the cooling chamber 115, causing the cooling water to flow in a turbulent state. In this embodiment, there are four protrusions 117, which are evenly spaced around the axis of the mounting through hole 113. Of course, the number of protrusions 117 can also be two, three, five, six, etc., depending on the actual installation and working conditions, and is not limited here. In this embodiment, the height of the protrusion 117 is less than the depth of the groove 1111; and the protrusion 117 is fan-shaped. Of course, the protrusion 117 can also be designed as a triangle, quadrilateral, or other regular or irregular shape, which is not limited here.

[0046] To ensure both the stability of the connection between the anode disk 111 and the cathode assembly 200, and to maintain the structural strength of the anode disk 111, please refer to [further details needed]. Figure 3 In this embodiment, each protrusion 117 has at least one mounting hole 1171. A fastening screw passes through the mounting hole 1171 and connects the cathode assembly 200 to the cathode inner cover plate 220 or cathode outer cover plate 210. Alternatively, the fastening screw can be replaced with a bolt or other threaded fastener. Furthermore, a connecting structure such as a connecting post can be provided between the cathode inner cover plate 220 or cathode outer cover plate 210 and the anode plate 111 to achieve the connection between the cathode assembly 200 and the anode plate 111. The connection structure between the cathode assembly 200 and the anode plate 111 can be determined according to actual conditions and is not limited here.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 with an anode cover plate 119 provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6for Figure 5 Please refer to the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 with anode cover plate 119. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110 also includes an anode cover plate 119, which is connected to the anode disk 111 to seal the cooling chamber 115. A first water outlet 1191 is provided on the anode cover plate 119, and the first water outlet 1191 communicates with the cooling chamber 115. By providing the anode cover plate 119 and the first water outlet 1191, cooling water entering the cooling chamber 115 from the first water inlet 116 of the anode disk 111 will fill the cooling chamber 115 before flowing out, thus ensuring that the area around the anode 120 is constantly filled with cooling water. This guarantees a good cooling effect for the anode 120, extends its service life, and ensures the stability and durability of its operation. In this embodiment, the anode cover plate 119 has multiple connecting holes, which correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes 1171 on the protrusion 117. Threaded fasteners such as screws pass through connection holes and mounting holes 1171 to connect the cathode assembly 200 and the anode disc 111. Of course, the anode cover plate 119 can also be connected to the cathode assembly 200 through other connection structures, which are not limited here.

[0048] The working principle of the plasma torch anode water-cooled structure 110 provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0049] Cooling water flows into the cooling chamber 115 from the first inlet 116, and after filling the cooling chamber 115, it flows out through the first outlet 1191 of the anode cover plate 119. The cooling chamber 115 provides a large water storage space, ensuring a good cooling effect, thereby extending the service life of the anode 120 and ensuring the stability and durability of the anode 120's operation.

[0050] In summary, the plasma torch anode water-cooling structure 110, by having a groove 1111 on one side of the anode disk 111 and a boss 112 on the other side, and the boss 112 having an axially penetrating mounting hole 113 that is in fluid communication with the groove 1111, allows the groove 1111 and the mounting hole 113 to together form part of the cooling chamber 115, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the cooling water at the anode 120, improving the cooling efficiency at the anode 120, and thus ensuring the stability and durability of the anode 120's operation and extending the anode 120's service life.

[0051] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A water-cooled structure for the anode of a plasma torch, characterized in that, include: An anode disk (111) is provided with a sink groove (1111) on one side; a boss (112) is provided on the other side of the anode disk (111), and the boss (112) is provided with an axial through hole (113) that communicates with the sink groove (1111). The mounting through hole (113) has a first hole segment (1131) and a second hole segment (1132) connected in sequence; the first inner diameter of the first hole segment (1131) is larger than the second inner diameter of the second hole segment (1132); the mounting through hole (113) is used to accommodate a portion of the anode (120), and the anode (120) is sealed to the second hole segment (1132), and there is a first gap (114) between the anode (120) and the first hole segment (1131); the first hole segment (1131) and the sink (1111) together form a part of the cooling chamber (115); The anode plate (111) has a first water inlet (116) on its side wall, and the first water inlet (116) is connected to the settling tank (1111).

2. The plasma torch anode water-cooled structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting through hole (113) also has a third hole segment (1133), which is adjacent to the second hole segment (1132). The third inner diameter of the third hole segment (1133) is smaller than the second inner diameter of the second hole segment (1132). The axial end face of the anode (120) abuts against the third hole segment (1133).

3. The plasma torch anode water-cooled structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second hole section (1132) is formed with an annular groove to accommodate the seal.

4. The plasma torch anode water-cooled structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recess (1111) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (117), which are spaced apart and surround the mounting through hole (113); each of the protrusions (117) has a second gap (118) between it and the mounting through hole (113).

5. The plasma torch anode water-cooled structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The height of the protrusion (117) is less than the depth of the groove (1111); and the protrusion (117) is fan-shaped.

6. The plasma torch anode water-cooled structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the protrusions (117) has at least one mounting hole (1171).

7. The plasma torch anode water-cooling structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The plasma torch anode water-cooled structure (110) further includes an anode cover plate (119), which is connected to the anode disk (111) to seal the cooling chamber (115); a first water outlet (1191) is provided on the anode cover plate (119), which is connected to the cooling chamber (115).

8. An anode assembly, characterized in that, Includes an anode (120) and a plasma torch anode water-cooled structure (110) according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the anode (120) is partially housed within the mounting through hole (113).

9. A plasma torch, characterized in that, It includes a cathode assembly (200) and an anode assembly (100) as described in claim 8; the cathode assembly (200) is connected to the anode disk (111).

10. The plasma torch according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cathode assembly (200) includes an outer cathode cover plate (210), an inner cathode cover plate (220), and a cathode (230). The outer cathode cover plate (210) is sleeved outside the inner cathode cover plate (220) and is connected to the anode disk (111). The inner cathode cover plate (220) has a through hole (221). The cathode (230) is connected to the cathode inner cover plate (220) and is located close to the anode disk (111).

11. The plasma torch according to claim 10, characterized in that, The plasma torch (1000) also includes a water injection pipe (300), which is installed at the through hole (221). The water injection pipe (300) includes an inner pipe (310) and an outer pipe (320). The outer pipe (320) is sleeved outside the inner pipe (310), and the length of the inner pipe (310) is greater than the length of the outer pipe (320). A water injection channel (330) is formed inside the inner pipe (310), and the outer wall of the inner pipe (310) and the inner wall of the outer pipe (320) form a water outlet channel (340). The water injection pipe (300) has a second inlet (350) and a second outlet (360), the second inlet (350) being connected to the water injection channel (330) and the second outlet (360) being connected to the water outlet channel (340).

12. The plasma torch according to claim 10, characterized in that, The plasma torch (1000) also includes an insulating component (400), through which the cathode (230) and the anode (120) are connected.

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