Rotary film grader with spiral tray
By using a spiral tray and adjusting the centrifugal force in a rotary film classifier, the problem of existing equipment being unable to separate small particles and particles with small density differences is solved, achieving a more efficient particle classification effect, which is suitable for plastic recycling and biological wastewater treatment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422469533.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing thin film classification equipment cannot adjust the secondary centrifugal force independently of the average membrane flow velocity, resulting in the inability to effectively separate small particles and particles with small density differences. Furthermore, the slope decreases as the radius increases, leading to uneven velocity.
A rotary thin film classifier with a spiral tray is used. By setting an inclined spiral tray on a rotating frame, the suspension is separated by superimposed centrifugal force and adjustment of rotation speed. A collection channel is designed to collect different parts, and rinsing water and surface coating are added to the tray to improve the particle separation effect.
It achieves effective separation of smaller and lower density particles compared to traditional equipment, improving the grading quality. It is especially suitable for plastic recycling and biological wastewater treatment, and improves the separation effect of porous particles.
Smart Images
Figure CN223849711U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of particle classification, and particularly relates to a rotary film classifier with spiral type trays. BACKGROUND
[0002] The existing film equipment types mainly have chutes and cone concentrators, shaking tables and spiral separators. Chutes and cone concentrators can produce vertical stratification, with particles being separated into vertical film layers. Spiral separators use gravity to produce a film flow in a spiral channel, with secondary centrifugal forces being generated due to the circular motion, resulting in horizontal stratification of the particles. The slope of the channel depends on the application, i.e. the particle density and size distribution. The resulting centrifugal force is a function of the film flow rate and the spiral diameter.
[0003] However, the current film classification equipment still has some problems. The main limitation of the spiral classifier is that the design of the secondary (centrifugal) force cannot be independent of the average film flow rate. The required tangential flow rate depends on the need to achieve partial settling of the particles. Since the centrifugal acceleration is a quadratic function of the tangential flow rate, the required secondary centrifugal force cannot be generated by reducing the tangential flow rate. The spiral separator is characterized in that the slope decreases with increasing radius, with a typical slope of 10 degrees at the outer edge and an equivalent slope of up to 90 degrees at the inner edge, which leads to a non-uniform velocity over the entire spiral width. While the higher tangential flow rate is advantageous for heavy particles, the light components are constantly resuspended, making it impossible to separate small particles and particles with small density differences. SUMMARY
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model discloses a rotary film classifier with spiral type trays, which can separate smaller particles and lighter particles than before.
[0005] To this end, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
[0006] A rotary film classifier with spiral type trays comprises a rotating frame for connection with a rotating mechanism, the rotating frame being provided with one or more identical spiral type trays arranged downwardly and outwardly in the circumferential direction; a feed box is arranged on the inner side of the top of the spiral type tray; and a collection channel is arranged on the outer side and the bottom of the spiral type tray.
[0007] The technical scheme is characterized in that one or more same inclined downward spiral trays are arranged on the rotating frame, and the inclination of the main flow direction is designed to make the feed suspension form a thin film and flow along the length direction of the tray; the superimposed centrifugal force of the rotating frame can be adjusted by designing the spiral tray and setting the rotating speed, which eliminates the limitation of the traditional thin film classifier, and can separate smaller particles and lower density particles than before; the collection channels are arranged on the outer length side and the bottom width side of the tray along the radial direction, and the collection channels are divided into at least two sections to collect different parts of the separated suspension.
[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model, the collection channel of each spiral tray comprises at least three collection zones, and each collection zone is connected to the corresponding bottom collection channel through a pipeline. Further, the collection channel comprises one or more tailings collection zones, one or more middlings collection zones and one product collection zone; each collection zone is connected to the corresponding bottom collection channel through a pipeline.
[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model, the rotating thin film classifier with spiral trays comprises a flushing water adding mechanism, and the water outlet of the flushing water adding mechanism is located on the inner side of the spiral tray. The application of the flushing water improves the radial movement of the lighter particles, and is particularly suitable for high-concentration suspensions. On the spiral tray, the flushing water can utilize the lower centrifugal force in the middle part of the tray, thereby allowing a higher flushing water flow. Further, the water outlet of the flushing water adding mechanism is located in the middle part of the inner side of the spiral tray.
[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, the surface of the spiral tray is provided with a coating or lining for increasing the frictional resistance. Further, the surface roughness of the coating or lining is between that of steel and wood. In the technical scheme, the surface coating or lining can be used to increase the resistance coefficient between the surface and the particles. This is conducive to the formation of laminar flow conditions and the increase of the vertical flow velocity gradient. The greater the vertical flow velocity gradient, the better the particle layering effect. The coating and lining are particularly suitable for particles with small fluid density difference.
[0011] As a further improvement of the utility model, the surface of the spiral tray is provided with convex wave points or corrugated textures. In the technical scheme, the textured tray can slow down the radial movement of the heavy particle components, which improves the release of agglomerates and the washing out of light components, and is particularly suitable for high-concentration light component particles.
[0012] As a further improvement of the utility model, the rotating frame is provided with a rotating beam, and the spiral tray is obliquely hung on the rotating beam; or the rotating frame is provided with a support member, and the support member is connected with the spiral tray in the circumferential direction.
[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the rotating frame is connected with the rotating mechanism.
[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, the rotating film classifier with spiral trays comprises multiple layers of spiral trays, the number of spiral trays in each layer is 1-4, and the angle offset between adjacent spiral trays is the same. Two trays are offset by 180°, three trays are offset by 120°, and four trays are offset by 90°. Further, the multiple layers of trays can be stacked in one rotating frame to further increase the processing capacity and reduce the floor area occupied by the installation.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, for the trays with a shallow slope, multiple trays can be stacked in one rotating frame to further improve the capacity and reduce the floor area occupied by the installation.
[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, the spiral tray is spiral-shaped, and the flow direction slope β of the spiral tray is constant. Further, the aspect ratio of the spiral tray is L / B=5-10. Further, the width b of the discharge port of the feed tank is 0.1-0.4 times the width B of the spiral tray.
[0017] As a further improvement of the present application, the inner tray radius of the spiral tray is 0.5-1.0 meters. The centrifugal force is a function of the distance from the rotating shaft, and this technical solution improves the uniformity of the film flow distribution over the entire width. Compared with the traditional spiral classifier, the inner radius of the spiral tray of this technical solution is increased by 2 to 8 times.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:
[0019] By using the same inclined spiral trays installed on the rotating frame, the present application makes the feed suspension flow along the length direction of the tray to form a thin film, and at the same time, through the superposition of centrifugal force, the separation time is increased, the particles are better layered, and the quality of particle classification is improved, so that the particles with smaller diameter or lower density are layered.
[0020] Secondly, the centrifugal force for particle layering can be adjusted by controlling the angular velocity (rotational speed). The size of the centrifugal force can be adjusted by setting the rotational speed, and the secondary centrifugal force can be designed and adjusted by using the spiral tray, which is independent of the main film flow rate. Compared with the traditional classifier, this makes the ratio range between the secondary separation force and the primary separation force wider.
[0021] This technical solution is particularly suitable for plastic recycling, where the polymer types can be classified according to density, making this application particularly advantageous. For biological wastewater treatment, granular sludge and flocculent sludge can be separated. In mineral beneficiation separation, the effect of low-density porous particles (such as activated carbon particles) is also improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a spiral tray of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.
[0023] Figure 2 is a motion analysis schematic view of particles on the spiral tray of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.
[0024] Figure 3 is a top view of a rotating membrane classification device with two higher gradient spiral trays of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.
[0025] Figure 4 is a top view of a rotating membrane classification device with a small gradient spiral tray of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.
[0026] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of a rotating membrane classification device with a spiral tray of the embodiment 2 of the utility model.
[0027] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of a rotating membrane classification device with a spiral tray of the embodiment 3 of the utility model.
[0028] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of a spiral tray surface texture of the embodiment 4 of the utility model; (a)~(f) are schematic views of spiral trays with different surface textures.
[0029] The reference signs include:
[0030] 1-rotating frame, 2-feed tank, 3-flushing water adding mechanism, 4-feed diverter;
[0031] 110-spiral tray, 120-collection channel, 121-tailings collection area, 122-intermediate product collection area, 123-product collection area;
[0032] 131-supporting member;
[0033] 301-feed hose, 302-tailings drain pipe, 303-intermediate product drain pipe, 304-product drain pipe, 305-tailings bottom channel, 306-intermediate product bottom channel, 307-product bottom channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The preferred embodiments of the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
[0035] Example 1
[0036] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a rotary film classifier with a spiral tray includes a rotating frame 1 for connection to a rotating mechanism and a rinsing water adding mechanism 3. The rotating frame 1 has one or more identical, downwardly inclined spiral trays 110 arranged circumferentially. A feed box 2 is provided on the inner top side of the spiral tray 110, and collection channels 120 are provided on the outer side and bottom of the spiral tray 110. The outlet of the rinsing water adding mechanism 3 is located in the middle of the inner side of the spiral tray 110.
[0037] Each spiral tray 110 has a collection channel 120 comprising at least three collection areas, each of which is connected to a corresponding bottom collection channel via a pipe. In this embodiment, the collection channels 120 are arranged from top to bottom as a tailings collection area 121, a middlings collection area 122, and a product collection area 123. The tailings collection area 121 of each spiral tray 110 is connected to the tailings bottom channel 305 via a pipe, the middlings collection area 122 of each spiral tray 110 is connected to the middlings bottom channel 306 via a pipe, and the product collection area 123 of each spiral tray 110 is connected to the product bottom channel 307 via a pipe.
[0038] The rotating frame 1 is provided with a support member 131, which is connected to the spiral tray 110 in the circumferential direction; the rotating frame 1 is connected to the rotating mechanism.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the spiral tray 110 is spiral-shaped with a constant flow slope β, a length of L, a width of B, and an aspect ratio of L / B = 5-10. The discharge port of the feed box 2 has a width of b and is located on the inner side of the top of the spiral tray 110 in the radial direction, with a width ratio of b / B = 0.1-0.4. The outer edge of the spiral tray 110 has a collection channel 120, and a rinsing water adding mechanism 3 is installed in the middle of the inner edge.
[0040] like Figure 2 The image shows a particle with width B, outer length L, and slope β on an inclined spiral tray 110, rotating with angular velocity ω and radius r. The acceleration due to gravity a... g This leads to a tangential flow velocity v L In addition to the rotation of the tray, the circulating flow also generates centrifugal acceleration, which in turn produces a radial velocity v. B Therefore, the particle moves along the net distance x(t) with a tangential component l(t) and a radial component b(t). When the ratio of longitudinal distance to velocity equals the ratio of radial distance to velocity (t = L / v...), the particle...L = B / v B The time for a critical particle to move from the inside start angle to the outside end angle of the tray is t. The required angular velocity ω of the tray takes into account the circulating flow. The typical angular velocity of a spiral tray thin film classifier is ω < 0.6 Hz.
[0041] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the rotary thin film classifier is provided with a plurality of spiral trays 110 on the rotating frame 1. Among them Figure 3 is a rotary thin film classifier with two spiral trays 110 with higher slopes, and the two spiral trays 110 are offset by 180°. Figure 4 is a rotary thin film classifier with a spiral tray 110 with a small slope. Among them, the rotating frame 1 carries a support member 131 for mounting the spiral tray 110, specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the support member 131 is a support arm. The feed suspension is transported to the feed distributor 4, and the suspension flows from the feed distributor 4 to the feed tank 2 through the feed hose 301, and then is classified by the spiral tray 110 and enters the collection channel. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the collection channel of the rotary thin film classifier is divided into three sections from top to bottom, which are tailings collection area 121, middlings collection area 122, and product collection area 123. The tailings collection area 121 is connected with the tailings drainage pipe 302, the middlings collection area 122 is connected with the middlings drainage pipe 303, and the product collection area 123 is connected with the product drainage pipe 304. The tailings are discharged to the tailings bottom channel 305 through the tailings drainage pipe 302, the middlings are discharged to the middlings bottom channel 306 through the middlings drainage pipe 303, and the product is discharged to the product bottom channel 307 through the product drainage pipe 304.
[0042] Further preferably, for those with a plurality of spiral trays 110, the inner tray radius of each spiral tray 110 is 0.5-1.0 meters, and the aspect ratio is less than 0.2.
[0043] In this embodiment, the length, slope, suspension concentration, and water flow rate of the spiral tray 110 can be designed to allow the conventional hydraulic retention time on the tray to be 15-30 seconds, and the time allowed for the separation of small and light particles to be extended by 3-5 times.
[0044] Example 2
[0045] As shown in Figure 5 , on the basis of Example 1, in this embodiment, there are two spiral curve type trays 110 on the same level, and the angle offset is 180°.
[0046] The rotating frame 1 supports the support member 131 for mounting the spiral tray 110. Specifically, in this embodiment, the support member 131 is a support arm. The feed suspension is conveyed to the feed distributor 4, from where it flows through the feed hose 301 to the feed box 2, and then is classified by the spiral tray 110 before entering the collection channel. In this embodiment, each spiral tray 110 has three sections in its collection channel: a tailings collection area 121, a middlings collection area 122, and a product collection area 123. The tailings collection area 121 is connected to the tailings drain pipe 302, the middlings collection area 122 is connected to the middlings drain pipe 303, and the product collection area 123 is connected to the product drain pipe 304. The tailings are discharged to the tailings bottom channel 305 through the tailings drain pipe 302, the middlings are discharged to the middlings bottom channel 306 through the middlings drain pipe 303, and the product is discharged to the product bottom channel 307 through the product drain pipe 304.
[0047] Example 3
[0048] This embodiment represents another arrangement structure for the spiral tray 110.
[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment has three spiral trays 110, which are stacked together like floors. The rotating frame 1 supports the support members 131 for mounting the spiral trays 110; specifically, the support members 131 are support arms. The feed suspension is transported to the feed distributor 4, from which it flows through the feed hose 301 to the feed box 2 of each spiral tray 110, and then is graded by the spiral trays 110 before entering the collection channel. The collection channel in this embodiment includes three sections, from top to bottom: a tailings collection area 121, a middlings collection area 122, and a product collection area 123. The tailings collection area 121 is connected to the tailings drain pipe 302, the middlings collection area 122 is connected to the middlings drain pipe 303, and the product collection area 123 is connected to the product drain pipe 304. Tailings are discharged to the bottom channel 305 of tailings through tailings drainage pipe 302, middlings are discharged to the bottom channel 306 of middlings through middlings drainage pipe 303, and products are discharged to the bottom channel 307 of products through product drainage pipe 304.
[0050] Example 4
[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the difference in this embodiment is that it has a main flow velocity v in the length direction. m and secondary radial velocity v c The spiral tray 110 can be designed with different textured surfaces. For example, it can be designed with... Figure 7 (a) The coating is used to increase the friction between the surface and the particles; or, as in (a), the coating is used to increase the friction between the surface and the particles; or the coating is used to increase the friction between the surface and the particles. Figure 7(b) the indicated concave surface texture to improve release of small particles; or use of a Figure 7 (c) the indicated convex surface texture to slow down flow of heavy particles; or use of a Figure 7 (d) the indicated longitudinal channel design to improve separation at increased concentration; or use of a Figure 7 (e) the indicated regular pattern texture to break up clumps; or use of a Figure 7 (f) the indicated curved cross channel to improve separation of light components.
[0052] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are terms of reference and are used in respect of the orientation of the application as illustrated in the drawings and are made only by way of description and not by way of limitation to the application and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be understood to limit the application.
[0053] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or a quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.
[0054] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrated; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0055] The above specific embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation range of the present application. The scope of the present application includes but is not limited to the specific embodiments, and any equivalent changes made according to the shape and structure of the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A rotating film classifier with spiral trays, characterized in that: It comprises a rotating frame connected with a rotating mechanism, the rotating frame is provided with one or more same downwardly inclined spiral trays in the circumferential direction; the top inner side of the spiral tray is provided with a feeding box, the outer side and the bottom of the spiral tray are provided with a collecting channel; the surface of the spiral tray is provided with a coating, a lining, a raised wave point or a corrugated texture for increasing frictional resistance; the surface roughness of the coating or lining is between steel and blunt wood; the flow direction slope β of the spiral tray is constant; the length-width ratio of the spiral tray is L / B=5-10; the discharge port width b of the feeding box is 0.1-0.4 times the width B of the spiral tray; It comprises a flushing water adding mechanism, and the water outlet of the flushing water adding mechanism is located in the middle of the inner side of the spiral tray.
2. The rotating film classifier with spiral tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting channel of each spiral tray comprises at least three collecting areas, and each collecting area is connected to the corresponding bottom collecting channel through a pipeline.
3. The rotating film classifier with spiral tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating frame is provided with a rotating beam, and the spiral tray is obliquely hung on the rotating beam; or the rotating frame is provided with a support member connected with the spiral tray in the circumferential direction; the rotating frame is connected with the rotating mechanism.
4. The rotating film classifier with spiral tray according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It comprises multiple layers of spiral trays, the number of spiral trays in each layer is 1-4, and the angle offset between adjacent spiral trays is the same.
5. The rotating film classifier with spiral tray according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner tray radius of the spiral tray is 0.5-1.0 meters.