Opposite-pulling anchor rod supporting device capable of adjusting pre-tightening force

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel supporting, and discloses a pre-tightening force adjustable counter-pulling anchor rod supporting device which comprises an anchor rod main body, adjusting rods are fixedly connected to the two ends of the anchor rod main body, the outer walls of the two adjusting rods are sleeved with tray assemblies, and the outer walls of the adjusting rods are in threaded connection with fixing nuts; the outer wall of the fixing nut is fixedly connected with a fixing disc, an adjusting assembly is installed on the outer wall of the fixing disc, and through the design of the adjusting assembly, an operator can rotate the handle to drive the gear ring to rotate, then the gear and the adjusting nut are made to rotate, and driving of the screw rod is achieved; finally, the position of the tray assembly is flexibly adjusted to change the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod, the pre-tightening force can be adjusted in time according to the real-time deformation condition of the surrounding rock through the adjusting mode, a cooperative deformation mechanism between a supporting body and the surrounding rock can be effectively exerted, and compared with the problems that a traditional opposite-pulling anchor rod is single in pre-tightening force applying mode and cannot adapt to the complex environment, the anchor rod pre-tightening force applying mode is simple. The method has obvious advantages.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway supporting, in particular to a tensioned anchor rod supporting device with adjustable pre-tightening force. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the mining operation of coal resources, the coal pillarless mining technology gradually becomes one of the key technologies in the field of coal mining due to its advantages of effectively improving the coal resource recovery rate, reducing the amount of roadway excavation and reducing the waste of coal resources, etc.

[0003] However, in the actual application of the roadway filling, the pre-tightening force exertion mode of the traditional tensioned anchor rod is too single and fixed, and relies on a torque wrench to complete the pre-tightening force exertion at one time. This mode lacks adaptability to the complex and changeable underground environment of the coal mine. In the actual coal mining process, the surrounding rock will produce complex dynamic deformation due to mining influence, geological structure change and other factors. Since the traditional tensioned anchor rod supporting device cannot adjust the pre-tightening force in time according to the real-time deformation of the surrounding rock, the cooperative deformation mechanism between the supporting body and the surrounding rock is difficult to effectively play a role. In the long run, the stress borne by the anchor rod is continuously accumulated, and finally exceeds the bearing limit, resulting in the fracture of the anchor rod; and the filling body also cannot obtain reasonable support and stress adjustment, and instability occurs. These problems not only seriously affect the safety production of the coal mine, increase the difficulty and cost of roadway repair and maintenance, but also hinder the efficient mining of coal resources. Therefore, the tensioned anchor rod supporting device with adjustable pre-tightening force is provided to solve the above problems. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a tensioned anchor rod supporting device with adjustable pre-tightening force to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] The tensioned anchor rod supporting device with adjustable pre-tightening force provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A tensioned anchor rod supporting device with adjustable pre-tightening force comprises an anchor rod body, the both ends of the anchor rod body are fixedly connected with adjusting rods, the outer walls of the two adjusting rods are both sleeved with tray assemblies, the outer wall of the adjusting rod is threadedly connected with a fixed nut, the outer wall of the fixed nut is fixedly connected with a fixed disc, the fixed disc is sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting rod, and the outer wall of the fixed disc is provided with an adjusting assembly;

[0007] The adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of gears rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed disc through bearings, and the side of the bearing away from the gear is fixedly connected with an adjusting nut; the tray assembly comprises a tray body, and a plurality of screw rods are fixedly connected to the side of the tray body away from the fixed disc; the screw rods pass through the adjusting nut, the bearing and the gear in sequence at the end away from the tray body; the bearing and the gear are movably connected with the screw rod, and the adjusting nut is threadedly connected with the screw rod; and the surface of the fixed disc is further provided with a gear ring, and the gear ring is engaged with the plurality of gears.

[0008] Preferably, the circumferential outer wall of the fixed disc is rotatably connected with a shaft ring, the outer wall of the shaft ring is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting pieces, the top end of the plurality of connecting pieces is welded to the surface of the gear ring, and the circumferential outer wall of the plurality of connecting pieces is fixedly connected with a handle through a fixed rod.

[0009] Preferably, the tray assembly further comprises an elastic buffer layer and a spherical pad, the elastic buffer layer is arranged on the inner wall of the tray body, and the spherical pad is arranged on the outer wall of the tray body; and the elastic buffer layer and the spherical pad are both made of nitrile rubber.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor rod body is made of HRB500 high-strength threaded steel.

[0011] Preferably, the plurality of screw rods are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the tray body in an equidistant circumferential array.

[0012] Preferably, the plurality of gears are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the fixed disc in an equidistant circumferential array.

[0013] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0014] 1. The device can effectively adapt to complex and variable roadway environments, the anchor rod body is made of HRB500 high-strength threaded steel, has high strength and stability, and can withstand large tension. The elastic buffer layer and the spherical pad in the tray assembly are made of nitrile rubber, allowing the anchor rod body and the filling body to produce an angle adjustment of 3°-5°, avoiding stress concentration, improving the shear resistance of the support body, adapting to the dynamic deformation of the surrounding rock, ensuring the stability of the anchor rod support device under different working conditions, preventing the anchor rod from breaking and the filling body from losing stability, and ensuring the safety of coal mine production;

[0015] 2. Through the design of the adjustment component, the operator can rotate the gear ring by turning the handle, which in turn causes the gear and adjusting nut to rotate, thereby driving the screw. Ultimately, the position of the tray assembly can be flexibly adjusted to change the anchor bolt preload. It can also be adjusted by hydraulic tools. This adjustment method can adjust the preload in a timely manner according to the real-time deformation of the surrounding rock, so that the cooperative deformation mechanism between the support and the surrounding rock can be effectively utilized. Compared with the traditional tie bolt preload application method, which is singular and cannot adapt to complex environments, it has obvious advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the tray assembly in the application embodiment;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component in the application embodiment;

[0019] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the regulating component in the application embodiment.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Anchor bolt body; 2. Adjusting rod; 3. Fixing nut; 4. Fixing disc; 5. Pallet assembly; 501. Pallet body; 502. Elastic buffer layer; 503. Spherical pad; 6. Screw; 7. Bearing; 8. Adjusting nut; 9. Gear; 10. Collar; 11. Connector; 12. Gear ring; 13. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0022] This application discloses an adjustable preload tie rod support device. (Refer to...) Figures 1-4 An adjustable preload tie rod support device includes an anchor rod body 1, an adjusting rod 2, a fixing nut 3, a fixing disc 4, a tray assembly 5, and an adjusting assembly.

[0023] The anchor body 1 is made of HRB500 high-strength threaded steel, which ensures the strength and stability of the anchor body 1 and can withstand large tensile forces. Adjusting rods 2 are fixedly connected to both ends of the anchor body 1. The adjusting rods 2 are used to connect other components.

[0024] In the actual operation of tunnel support, the workers first hang up the flexible membrane bag to make it into a cubic shape. The inside of the flexible membrane bag is hollow. Then, the tie rods are fixed according to the spacing requirements. At this time, the main body of the anchor rod 1 passes through the predetermined position of the flexible membrane bag. The outer walls of the two adjusting rods 2 are fitted with tray assemblies 5, and the tray assemblies 5 are located on the outside of the flexible membrane bag.

[0025] The tray assembly 5 comprises a tray body 501, an elastic buffer layer 502 arranged on the inner wall of the tray body 501, and a spherical pad 503 arranged on the outer wall of the tray body 501. Both the elastic buffer layer 502 and the spherical pad 503 are made of nitrile rubber. The nitrile rubber has good wear resistance, oil resistance and elasticity. The tray body 501 cooperates with the elastic buffer layer 502 and the spherical pad 503 to allow an angle adjustment of 3°-5° between the anchor rod body 1 and the filling body (i.e. the concrete filled in the flexible membrane bag and then solidified), thereby avoiding stress concentration and effectively improving the shear resistance of the support body to meet the requirement of coordinated deformation of the filling body and the surrounding rock. The outer wall of the side of the tray body 501 facing the fixing disc 4 is fixedly connected with a plurality of screw rods 6 which are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the tray body 501 in the form of an equidistant circumferential array.

[0026] The outer wall of the adjusting rod 2 is threadedly connected with a fixing nut 3, and the outer wall of the fixing nut 3 is fixedly connected with a fixing disc 4 which is sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting rod 2. The double-nut structure of the fixing nut 3 is used to more stably fix the position of the fixing disc 4 so that the fixing disc 4 can be firmly installed on the adjusting rod 2.

[0027] The outer wall of the fixing disc 4 is provided with an adjusting assembly. The adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of gear wheels 9 which are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixing disc 4 through bearings 7. The plurality of gear wheels 9 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the fixing disc 4 in the form of an equidistant circumferential array. The outer wall of the side of the bearing 7 away from the gear wheel 9 is fixedly connected with an adjusting nut 8. The end of the screw rod 6 away from the tray body 501 passes through the adjusting nut 8, the bearing 7 and the gear wheel 9 in sequence. The bearing 7 and the gear wheel 9 are movably connected with the screw rod 6. The adjusting nut 8 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 6. The surface of the fixing disc 4 is further provided with a gear ring 12 which is engaged with the plurality of gear wheels 9.

[0028] In addition, the circumferential outer wall of the fixing disc 4 is rotatably connected with a shaft ring 10. The outer wall of the shaft ring 10 is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting pieces 11. The top ends of the plurality of connecting pieces 11 are welded to the surface of the gear ring 12. The circumferential outer wall of the plurality of connecting pieces 11 is fixedly connected with a handle 13 through a fixing rod. The handle 13 facilitates the rotating operation of the gear ring 12 by the operator.

[0029] The rotating tray assembly 5 can drive the fixing disc 4 and the fixing nut 3 to rotate on the adjusting rod 2 through the plurality of screw rods 6, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the adjusting assembly on the adjusting rod 2 and the installation of the anchor rod body 1. After the anchor rod is fixed, the concrete is filled into the flexible membrane bag. After the concrete is solidified, a wall is formed. At this time, the middle section of the anchor rod (the anchor rod body 1) is in the wall body, and the two sections are exposed.

[0030] The implementation principle of the adjustable pre-tightening force counter-pulling anchor rod supporting device is as follows: in the early stage of roadway supporting operation, workers first hang the flexible membrane bag, so that the flexible membrane bag assumes a cubic shape, and the interior of the flexible membrane bag is in a hollow state; the flexible membrane bag is used for subsequent filling of concrete to form a wall body, and the shape and hollow structure of the flexible membrane bag provide space for concrete forming, and the flexible membrane bag and the counter-pulling anchor rod jointly act to realize roadway supporting;

[0031] The counter-pulling anchor rod is fixed according to the interval spacing requirement, at this time, the anchor rod body 1 penetrates through the predetermined position of the flexible membrane bag, specifically, the outer wall of the adjusting rod 2 is sleeved with the tray assembly 5, and the tray assembly 5 is located on the outer side of the flexible membrane bag; the adjusting rod 2 is threadedly connected with the fixing nut 3, the fixing nut 3 is connected with the fixing disc 4, the fixing disc 4 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 2, and the fixing disc 4 and the tray assembly 5 are preliminarily fixed at the appropriate position of the adjusting rod 2 by tightening the fixing nut 3, so as to realize the preliminary installation and positioning of the counter-pulling anchor rod on the flexible membrane bag;

[0032] In this process, rotating the tray assembly 5 can drive the fixing disc 4 and the fixing nut 3 to rotate on the adjusting rod 2 through the plurality of screw rods 6, so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the adjusting assembly on the adjusting rod 2 and the installation of the anchor rod body 1; this design enables the operator to more flexibly adjust the positions of the components during installation, thereby improving the installation efficiency;

[0033] After the counter-pulling anchor rod is fixed as required, the flexible membrane bag is filled with concrete, the concrete gradually solidifies in the flexible membrane bag, and finally a wall body is formed; at this time, the middle section of the counter-pulling anchor rod is located inside the wall body, and the two sections are exposed; the wall body and the counter-pulling anchor rod cooperate with each other to jointly bear the pressure of the rock-soil body around the roadway, thereby playing a supporting role;

[0034] The operator rotates the handle 13, the handle 13 is connected with the connecting piece 11, the top end of the connecting piece 11 is welded on the gear ring 12, so that the handle 13 drives the gear ring 12 to rotate when the handle 13 rotates; since the gear ring 12 is engaged with the plurality of gear wheels 9, the rotation of the gear ring 12 drives the gear wheels 9 to rotate; the gear wheels 9 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixing disc 4 through the bearings 7, so that the rotation of the gear wheels 9 drives the adjusting nut 8 to rotate through the bearings 7; the adjusting nut 8 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 6, one end of the screw rod 6 is fixed on the tray body 501, so that the rotation of the adjusting nut 8 drives the screw rod 6 to move along the axial direction of the adjusting nut 8; the movement of the screw rod 6 drives the tray assembly 5 to move along the adjusting rod 2, thereby achieving the adjustment of the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod;

[0035] Hydraulic adjustment mode (not shown in the figure): the relevant components are subjected to force through a hydraulic tool, and the principle is similar to manual adjustment; the purpose of adjusting the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod is achieved by driving the adjusting nut 8 to rotate, so that the screw rod 6 moves, and the position of the tray assembly 5 is adjusted;

[0036] In the pre-tightening force adjusting process, the elastic buffer layer 502 and the spherical pad 503 in the tray assembly 5 play an important role. Since the elastic buffer layer 502 and the spherical pad 503 are made of nitrile rubber material, they have good elasticity and buffering performance. They allow the anchor rod body 1 and the filling body (i.e. the concrete wall) to produce an angle adjustment of 3°-5°, avoid stress concentration, effectively improve the shear resistance of the support body, and adapt to the deformation between the wall and the surrounding rock, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the anchor rod support device.

[0037] The adjustable pre-tightening force counter-pulling anchor rod support device cooperates with the fiber support material (compressive strength 15 MPa) to form a pre-tightening force composite structure. The anchor rod body 1, by virtue of its high-strength material and adjustable pre-tightening force design, cooperates with the concrete wall, the tray assembly 5 and the fiber support material to jointly bear the load of the roadway. Through the adjustment of the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod, the entire support structure can better adapt to the dynamic changes of the surrounding rock. The bearing capacity is improved by 20% compared with the traditional anchor rod, meets the requirements of the relevant bearing capacity calculation formula, and realizes effective support of the roadway.

[0038] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made in terms of structure, shape and principle should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An adjustable pre-tensioned counter-anchoring device, comprising an anchoring body (1), characterized in that: The both ends of the anchor rod body (1) are fixedly connected with adjusting rods (2), the outer walls of the two adjusting rods (2) are sleeved with tray assemblies (5), the outer walls of the adjusting rods (2) are threadedly connected with fixed nuts (3), the outer walls of the fixed nuts (3) are fixedly connected with fixed discs (4), the fixed discs (4) are sleeved on the outer walls of the adjusting rods (2), and the outer walls of the fixed discs (4) are provided with adjusting assemblies; The adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of gear wheels (9) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed disc (4) through bearings (7), and the outer wall, away from the gear wheels (9), of the bearing (7) is fixedly connected with an adjusting nut (8); the tray assembly (5) comprises a tray body (501), a plurality of screw rods (6) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the tray body (501) towards the fixed disc (4), one ends of the screw rods (6), away from the tray body (501), pass through the adjusting nut (8), the bearing (7) and the gear wheel (9) in sequence, the bearing (7) and the gear wheel (9) are movably connected with the screw rod (6), and the adjusting nut (8) is threadedly connected with the screw rod (6); and the surface of the fixed disc (4) is further provided with a gear ring (12), and the gear ring (12) is engaged with the plurality of gear wheels (9).

2. The adjustable pre-tensioned counterbalanced roof support system of claim 1, wherein: The circumferential outer wall of the fixed disc (4) is rotatably connected with a shaft ring (10), the outer wall of the shaft ring (10) is fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting pieces (11), the top ends of the plurality of connecting pieces (11) are welded to the surface of the gear ring (12), and the circumferential outer walls of the plurality of connecting pieces (11) are fixedly connected with handles (13) through fixed rods.

3. The adjustable pre-tensioned counterbalanced roof support system of claim 1, wherein: The tray assembly (5) further comprises an elastic buffer layer (502) and a spherical pad (503), the elastic buffer layer (502) is arranged on the inner wall of the tray body (501), and the spherical pad (503) is arranged on the outer wall of the tray body (501); and the elastic buffer layer (502) and the spherical pad (503) are both made of nitrile rubber.

4. The adjustable pre-tensioned counterbalanced roof support system of claim 1, wherein: The anchor rod body (1) is made of HRB500 high-strength threaded steel.

5. The adjustable pre-tensioned counterbalanced roof support system of claim 1, wherein: The plurality of screw rods (6) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the tray body (501) in an equidistant circumferential array.

6. An adjustable pre-tensioned counterbalanced roof support system according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of gear wheels (9) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the fixed disc (4) in an equidistant circumferential array.

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