Waveguide antenna and vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar

Abstract

The waveguide antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a feed layer and a radiation layer which are arranged in a laminated manner, one side surface of the radiation layer facing the feed layer is recessed to form a rectangular waveguide cavity, and a cavity wall of one side of the rectangular waveguide cavity far away from an opening is also provided with a continuous transverse branch knot penetrating through the radiation layer. The two opposite side walls of the rectangular waveguide cavity in the width direction protrude towards the interior of the rectangular waveguide cavity in a mutually staggered mode to form a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions, and a waveguide feeder line with the length direction perpendicular to the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity is formed between the feed layer and the radiation layer. The waveguide feeder line comprises a first feed elongated slot which is arranged on one side face, facing the radiation layer, of the feed layer, one end of the first feed elongated slot is communicated with the rectangular waveguide cavity, a feed hole penetrating through the feed layer is further formed in one end, away from the rectangular waveguide cavity, of the first feed elongated slot, and a waveguide conversion structure is arranged on the outer side of an orifice in one end, away from the first feed elongated slot, of the feed hole. The waveguide antenna is simple in structure and convenient to design and form.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the utility model relates to antenna technical field, especially waveguide antenna and vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar mainly includes PCB board assembled with radar chip and a plurality of radar antennas arranged on the PCB board and coupled with the radar chip. Among them, the radar antenna usually adopts rectangular waveguide wide edge slot antenna or narrow edge slot antenna, and the two kinds of antennas need to realize antenna resonance, and the machining precision of the slot is required to be higher, and the structure is relatively complex. CONTENT

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the utility model lies in providing a waveguide antenna, which is simple in structure and convenient to design and shape.

[0004] The technical problem to be further solved by the embodiment of the utility model lies in providing a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, which is simple in structure and convenient to design and shape.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a waveguide antenna, comprising a feed layer and a radiation layer arranged in layers, a rectangular waveguide cavity is formed on one side of the radiation layer facing the feed layer, a continuous transverse branch penetrating the radiation layer is further formed on one side of the cavity wall of the rectangular waveguide cavity away from the opening, the opposite two side walls in the width direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity are respectively formed into a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions by protruding into the rectangular waveguide cavity, a waveguide feed line with the length direction perpendicular to the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity is formed between the feed layer and the radiation layer, the waveguide feed line comprises a first feed long slot provided on one side of the feed layer facing the radiation layer and one end of the rectangular waveguide cavity in communication, the first feed long slot is further provided with a feed hole penetrating the feed layer at one end away from the rectangular waveguide cavity, and a waveguide conversion structure for converting the electric signal emitted by the radar chip to the waveguide feed line is arranged outside the hole opening of the feed hole away from the first feed long slot.

[0006] Further, one end of the first feed long slot is in communication with the middle part of the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity.

[0007] Further, the first feed long slot comprises a communication section opposite the rectangular waveguide cavity and a main body section extending from one end of the communication section away from the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the waveguide feed line further comprises a second feed long slot provided on one side of the radiation layer facing the feed layer and opposite the main body section, and the first feed long slot and the second feed long slot form a waveguide feed line.

[0008] Further, the communication section is internally provided with an impedance matching bump.

[0009] Further, the number of the tooth-shaped protrusions formed on each side wall of the rectangular waveguide cavity in the width direction is even, and the tooth-shaped protrusions on the opposite two side walls in the width direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity are centrally symmetrically arranged about the center point of the rectangular waveguide cavity.

[0010] Further, the continuous transverse branch is a strip-shaped slot hole extending along the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity and formed through the radiation layer.

[0011] Further, the side of the radiation layer away from the feed layer is further formed with a boss at a position corresponding to the continuous transverse branch, and the continuous transverse branch further penetrates through the boss.

[0012] Further, the side of the radiation layer away from the feed layer is further recessed to form a rectangular slot, the continuous transverse branch forms a penetration hole through the bottom wall of the rectangular slot in the radiation layer, and the bottom wall of the rectangular slot is further recessed to form a parasitic radiation slot at the opposite two sides of the penetration hole.

[0013] Further, the slot walls at the opposite two ends of the strip-shaped slot hole are further protruded to form waveguide ridges.

[0014] On the other hand, in order to solve the above further technical problems, the utility model embodiment further provides the following technical scheme: a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, comprising a PCB plate assembled with a radar chip and at least one waveguide antenna arranged on the PCB plate and coupled to the radar chip, wherein the waveguide antenna is the waveguide antenna according to any one of the above.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention embodiment has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention embodiment, by setting a rectangular waveguide cavity in the radiation layer, further forms continuous transverse branches through the radiation layer on the cavity wall of the rectangular waveguide cavity away from the opening, serving as a radiation slot to radiate energy externally. Moreover, several tooth-shaped protrusions are set on the opposite side walls of the rectangular waveguide cavity in the width direction. Each tooth-shaped protrusion on each side wall can form a sawtooth-shaped line source generator, used to convert the TE10 mode in the rectangular waveguide cavity into a quasi-TEM wave with uniform amplitude and phase distribution, thereby exciting the continuous transverse branches to radiate externally. The longitudinal current of the top wall of the rectangular waveguide cavity is radiated by the continuous transverse branches. At the cutoff point, energy is coupled out from the continuous transverse branches and radiated into free space as linearly polarized waves. A waveguide feed line is set between the feed layer and the radiation layer. The electrical signal emitted by the radar chip is converted by the waveguide conversion structure and enters the first feed slot of the waveguide feed line. Then, it is transmitted to the rectangular waveguide cavity from the first feed slot. The overall waveguide structure is simple. Moreover, when designing continuous transverse branches, the complex two-dimensional array of traditional slot array can be analyzed as a one-dimensional array, making the design simpler. In addition, high-gain, low-sidelobe energy radiation can be achieved by forming a sawtooth line source generator through various interlocking toothed protrusions for mode wave conversion, avoiding high-precision manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the split structure of an optional embodiment of the waveguide antenna of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inverted, split structure of an optional embodiment of the waveguide antenna of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an optional embodiment of the waveguide antenna of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optional embodiment of the waveguide antenna of this utility model along the length of the waveguide feed line.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of another optional embodiment of the waveguide antenna of this utility model along the length of the waveguide feed line.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram along the length of the waveguide feed line of another optional embodiment of the waveguide antenna of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optional embodiment of the waveguide antenna of this utility model along the length of a continuous transverse branch.

[0023] Figure 8The utility model discloses a split structure schematic diagram of one optional embodiment of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar.

[0024] Figure 9 The utility model discloses an assembly structure schematic diagram of one optional embodiment of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar. Specific embodiments

[0025] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following illustrative embodiments and descriptions are only used to explain the utility model, and are not as the limitation of the utility model, and in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] As Figures 1-4 The utility model discloses a waveguide antenna, including the feed layer 1 and the radiation layer 3 of laminated setting, the one side of radiation layer 3 towards feed layer 1 recess forms with rectangular waveguide cavity 30, the side cavity wall of rectangular waveguide cavity 30 far from the opening still forms with the continuous transverse branch 32 of passing through radiation layer 3, the opposite two side walls in the width direction of rectangular waveguide cavity 30 respectively each other staggeredly to the rectangular waveguide cavity 30 in convex formation several dentate protrusions 34, the feed layer 1 and radiation layer 3 between form with the waveguide feed line 4 of the length direction perpendicular to the length direction of rectangular waveguide cavity 30, the waveguide feed line 4 includes being located in the one side of feed layer 1 towards radiation layer 3 and one end with rectangular waveguide cavity 30 communication's first feed long slot 42, the first feed long slot 42 far from the one end of rectangular waveguide cavity 30 still is equipped with the feed hole 40 of passing through feed layer 1, the feed hole 40 is equipped with waveguide conversion structure 401 for converting the electric signal that radar chip 5 sends to waveguide feed line 4 with the end hole mouth outside of deviating first feed long slot 42.

[0027] The utility model discloses an embodiment of the utility model through setting up rectangular waveguide cavity 30 in radiation layer 3, further form the continuous transverse branch 32 as the radiation groove external radiation energy in the cavity wall of rectangular waveguide cavity 30 far from the side of opening and the relative two side walls of the width direction of rectangular waveguide cavity 30 are provided with several dentiform protuberance 34, and each dentiform protuberance 34 of each side wall can form the sawtooth line source generator, is used for converting the quasi TEM wave with uniform amplitude and phase distribution for TE10 mode in rectangular waveguide cavity 30, to excite the continuous transverse branch 32 external radiation, wherein, the longitudinal current of rectangular waveguide cavity 30 top wall is cut off by the continuous transverse branch 32, and the energy is coupled from the continuous transverse branch 32, and is radiated to the free space with linear polarized wave, and the waveguide feed line 4 is arranged between the feed layer 1 and the radiation layer 3, and the electric signal of radar chip 5 is converted after passing through waveguide conversion structure 401 and enters the first feed long groove 42 of waveguide feed line 4, then is transmitted to rectangular waveguide cavity 30 by first feed long groove 42, and the whole waveguide structure is simple, and when designing the continuous transverse branch 32, the complex two-dimensional array analysis of traditional slit array can be analyzed as one-dimensional array, so that the design is simpler, in addition, the sawtooth line source generator is formed by each dentiform protuberance 34 of interlaced arrangement to carry out mode wave conversion, and high gain, low side lobe energy radiation can be realized, and high-precision processing is avoided.

[0028] In the specific implementation, as shown in the figure, Figure 2 The waveguide conversion structure 401 is a plurality of conversion blocks arranged around the aperture of the feed hole 40, and of course a common waveguide microstrip converter can also be used.

[0029] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, one end of the first feed long groove 42 is in communication with the middle part of the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30. In this embodiment, one end of the first feed long groove 42 is in communication with the middle part of the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30, and the signals in the first feed long groove 42 can directly enter the center of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30, and then flow to both sides of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30, forming a center feed line structure, so that the pattern beam tilt is not easy to occur, and a wider bandwidth is provided.

[0030] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, Figure 4As shown, the first feeding long slot 42 includes a communicating section 421 facing the rectangular waveguide cavity 30 and a main body section 423 extending from one end of the communicating section 421 away from the rectangular waveguide cavity 30, and the waveguide feed line 4 further includes a second feeding long slot 44 provided on the side of the radiating layer 3 facing the feeding layer 4 and facing the main body section 423, and the first feeding long slot 42 and the second feeding long slot 44 jointly form the waveguide feed line 4. If only the first feeding long slot 42 is designed on the feeding layer 4, in order to meet the design size of the waveguide feed line 4, the thickness of the feeding layer 4 will be relatively thick, and in the embodiment, the second feeding long slot 44 is further designed on the radiating layer 3, and the first feeding long slot 42 and the second feeding long slot 44 jointly form the waveguide feed line 4, so that the thickness of the feeding layer 4 can be reduced.

[0031] In specific implementation, the feeding hole 40 can vertically penetrate the feeding layer 1, so as to form a hole opening of the feeding hole 40 on the side of the feeding layer 1 away from the radiating layer 3, and when the feeding layer 1 is pressed on the PCB 6, the feeding hole 40 is convenient for coupling and docking with the radar chip 5 assembled on the PCB 6.

[0032] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the communicating section 421 is further provided with an impedance matching bump 425. In the embodiment, the impedance matching bump 425 is further arranged in the communicating section 421, and the impedance matching bump 425 can rotate the electric field of the electromagnetic wave in the waveguide feed line 4, so that the electromagnetic wave in the waveguide feed line 4 and the electromagnetic wave in the rectangular waveguide cavity 30 have the same polarization form. Specifically, the impedance matching bump 425 is usually arranged at the end of the communicating section 421 close to the rectangular waveguide cavity 30.

[0033] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the number of the tooth-shaped protrusions 34 formed on each side wall of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30 in the width direction is even, and the tooth-shaped protrusions 34 on the opposite two side walls of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30 are centrally symmetric about the center point of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30. In the embodiment, the tooth-shaped protrusions 34 are arranged in the above manner, so that the symmetry of the antenna pattern can be ensured.

[0034] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the continuous transverse branch 32 is a strip-shaped slot hole extending along the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity 30 and penetrating the radiating layer 3. In the embodiment, the continuous transverse branch 32 adopts the structure shape of the strip-shaped slot hole, which is convenient for design and molding, and has good effects of signal radiation and reception.

[0035] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 5 The radiation layer 3 is provided with a boss 37 on the side away from the feeding layer 1, and the continuous transverse branch 32 penetrates the boss 37.

[0036] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 6 The radiation layer 3 is provided with a boss 37 on the side away from the feeding layer 1, and the continuous transverse branch 32 penetrates the boss 37.

[0037] In an optional embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 7 The radiation layer 3 is provided with a boss 37 on the side away from the feeding layer 1, and the continuous transverse branch 32 penetrates the boss 37.

[0038] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 8 And Figure 9 The utility model provides a kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, comprising the PCB board 6 of being assembled with radar chip 5 and at least one waveguide antenna being set on the PCB board 6 and being connected with the coupling of radar chip 5, the waveguide antenna is as any one of the above-mentioned embodiments waveguide antenna. Figure 8 And Figure 9 In the embodiment, the feeding layer 1 and the radiation layer 3 of each waveguide antenna are integrally connected.

[0039] The embodiments of the present application are described above with reference to the drawings; however, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative rather than restrictive, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waveguide antenna comprising a feed layer and a radiating layer arranged in a stack, characterized in that, The side of the radiation layer facing the feeding layer is recessed to form a rectangular waveguide cavity, a continuous transverse branch is further formed in the side cavity wall of the rectangular waveguide cavity and penetrates the radiation layer, the opposite two side walls in the width direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity are respectively staggered to form a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions into the rectangular waveguide cavity, the waveguide feeding line is formed between the feeding layer and the radiation layer and has a length direction perpendicular to the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity, the waveguide feeding line comprises a first feeding long slot arranged on the side of the feeding layer facing the radiation layer and having one end in communication with the rectangular waveguide cavity, and a feeding hole further arranged at the end of the first feeding long slot away from the rectangular waveguide cavity and penetrating the feeding layer, and a waveguide conversion structure is arranged outside the end hole of the feeding hole away from the first feeding long slot and used for converting the electric signal emitted by the radar chip to the waveguide feeding line.

2. The waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein, One end of the first feeding long slot is in communication with the middle part of the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity.

3. A waveguide antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first feeding long slot comprises a communication section facing the rectangular waveguide cavity and a main body section extending from one end of the communication section away from the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the waveguide feeding line further comprises a second feeding long slot arranged on the side of the radiation layer facing the feeding layer and facing the main body section, and the first feeding long slot and the second feeding long slot jointly form the waveguide feeding line.

4. The waveguide antenna of claim 3, wherein, An impedance matching protrusion is further arranged in the communication section.

5. The waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein, The number of tooth-shaped protrusions formed on each side wall in the width direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity is even, and the tooth-shaped protrusions on the opposite two side walls in the width direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity are centrally symmetrically arranged about the center point of the rectangular waveguide cavity.

6. The waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein, The continuous transverse branch is a strip-shaped slot hole extending along the length direction of the rectangular waveguide cavity and penetrating the radiation layer.

7. The waveguide antenna of claim 1 or 6, wherein, The side of the radiation layer away from the feeding layer further has a boss formed at a position corresponding to the continuous transverse branch, and the continuous transverse branch further penetrates the boss.

8. The waveguide antenna of claim 1 or 6, wherein, The side of the radiation layer away from the feeding layer is further recessed to form a rectangular slot, the continuous transverse branch forms a penetration hole in the bottom wall of the rectangular slot through the radiation layer, and the bottom wall of the rectangular slot is further recessed to form a parasitic radiation slot at the opposite two sides of the penetration hole.

9. The waveguide antenna of claim 6, wherein, The slot walls at the opposite two ends of the strip-shaped slot hole are further protruded towards each other to form a waveguide ridge.

10. A vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, comprising a PCB board assembled with a radar chip and at least one waveguide antenna disposed on the PCB board and coupled to the radar chip, characterized in that, The waveguide antenna is the waveguide antenna according to any one of claims 1-9.

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